company, as senior vice president, chief financial officer and earlier as general counsel. Upon ProDuct Health’s acquisition by Cytyc Corporation, a diagnostic and medical device company, he served as a consultant to Cytyc to assist with transitional matters from 2001 to 2002. Earlier in his career, Mr. Machado worked for Morrison Foerster LLP, an international law firm, and for the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. Mr. Machado currently serves on the boards of directors of ACELYRIN, Inc., Arcus Biosciences, Inc., Chimerix, Inc. (announced his retirement as director as of the date of its next annual meeting), and Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc., and previously served on the boards of directors of Axovant Sciences, Inc., Endocyte, Inc., Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation (now Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), Medivation, Inc., Principia Biopharma Inc., Roivant Sciences Ltd., SCYNEXIS, Inc. and Turning Point Therapeutics, Inc. and Turnstone Biologics Corp. (resigned April 15, 2024). Mr. Machado received a B.A. in German and a B.S. in Economics from Santa Clara University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. Mr. Machado has been chosen to serve on our Board due to his extensive experience dealing with the operational and financial issues of biopharmaceutical companies.
James Scopa
Mr. Scopa served on the investment committee of MPM Capital, a life sciences venture capital firm, and was a managing director in MPM Capital's San Francisco office from 2005 to 2017. Previously, Mr. Scopa spent 18 years advising growth companies in biopharmaceuticals and medical devices at Deutsche Banc/Alex. Brown Sons and Thomas Weisel Partners. At Deutsche Banc Alex. Brown he served as managing director and Global Co-Head of Healthcare Investment Banking. Mr. Scopa has been a member of the advisory board and the investment advisory committee of OneVentures, an Australian venture capital firm, since July 2017. From January 2017 to June 2018, he was a fellow at Stanford University in the Distinguished Careers Institute. Mr. Scopa currently serves on the boards of directors of Aligos Therapeutics, Inc. and privately held Neuron23, Inc. Mr. Scopa has previously served on the boards of directors of DICE Therapeutics, Inc. (sold to Eli Lilly and Company), Semma Therapeutics, Inc. (sold to Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), True North Therapeutics, Inc. (sold to Bioverativ Inc.), and iPierian Inc (sold to Bristol Myers Squibb). Mr. Scopa received an A.B. from Harvard College, an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. Mr. Scopa has been chosen to serve on our Board due to his extensive experience as a venture capital investor in the biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals industries, prior experience as an investment banker in those industries, and his service as a director for numerous companies.
CLASS III DIRECTORS
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To continue in office until the 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
Mark Lupher, Ph.D.
Dr. Lupher served as vice president of translational pharmacology and preclinical development at Sutro Biopharma, Inc., a publicly traded drug discovery, development and manufacturing company, from February 2016 to March 2020. In June 2013, Dr. Lupher founded VeritasRx Consulting, a consulting firm, and he has served as its president since that time, consulting for venture capital firms and biopharmaceutical companies, including Sutro Biopharma, Inc. from May 2014 to March 2016. Prior to VeritasRx, Dr. Lupher held various roles with Promedior, Inc., where he served as chief scientific officer from June 2010 to June 2013, as senior vice president, discovery research from June 2009 to June 2010 and as vice president, drug discovery from February 2007 to June 2009. Prior to Promedior, Dr. Lupher held various roles with ICOS Corporation from October 1998 to February 2007. Dr. Lupher received a Ph.D. in immunology from Harvard University and a B.S. in microbiology from the University of Washington. Dr. Lupher has been chosen to serve on our Board due to his drug development experience.
C. David Nicholson, Ph.D.
Dr. Nicholson served as the executive vice president and chief research and development officer of Allergan plc, a pharmaceutical company, which was acquired by AbbVie Inc. in May 2020, from March 2015 to August 2020. He initially joined Allergan (previously known as Actavis plc and Forest Laboratories, Inc.) as senior vice president, Actavis Global Brands RD, in August 2014. Prior to Allergan, from March 2012 to July 2014, Dr. Nicholson served on the executive committee of Bayer Crop Science, a pharmaceutical and biotechnology company, as chief technology officer and executive vice president of research and development. Prior to that, from 1988 to 2011, Dr. Nicholson held multiple executive management roles, including senior vice president of licensing and knowledge management at Merck Co., Inc., senior vice president of global project management and drug safety at Schering-Plough Corporation, and executive vice president of research and development at Organon Co. Dr. Nicholson currently serves as the non-executive chair of the board of directors Wild Bioscience, a member of the board of directors of Volastra, the lead independent director of Actinium Pharmaceuticals, and an operational partner at Gilde Healthcare. Dr. Nicholson previously served as the non-executive chair of the board of directors of Exscientia plc.