AGNC 10-Q Quarterly Report June 30, 2021 | Alphaminr
AGNC Investment Corp.
ALPHAMINR

AGNC 10-Q Quarter ended June 30, 2021

Balance Sheet
Cash Flow
Income Statement
AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
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PROXIES
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agnc-20210630
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 001-34057

agnc-20210630_g1.jpg


AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
__________________________________________________
Delaware 26-1701984
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization) 		(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
2 Bethesda Metro Center, 12th Floor
Bethesda , Maryland 20814
(Address of principal executive offices)
( 301 ) 968-9315
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
__________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class Trading Symbol(s) Name of Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share AGNC The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Depositary shares of 7.000% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock AGNCN The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Depositary shares of 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock AGNCM The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Depositary shares of 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock AGNCO The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Depositary shares of 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock AGNCP The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company
☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐ No x
The number of shares of the issuer's common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding as of July 31, 2021 was 524,908,382 .


AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Signatures
1

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except per share data)
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(Unaudited)
Assets:
Agency securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $ 49,686 and $ 53,698 , respectively)
$ 57,896 $ 64,836
Agency securities transferred to consolidated variable interest entities, at fair value (pledged securities) 245 295
Credit risk transfer securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $ 502 and $ 455 , respectively)
1,105 737
Non-Agency securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $ 377 and $ 458 , respectively)
553 546
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $ 397 and $ 0 , respectively)
397 —
Cash and cash equivalents 947 1,017
Restricted cash 623 1,307
Derivative assets, at fair value 381 391
Receivable for investment securities sold (including pledged securities of $ 147 and $ 207 , respectively)
147 210
Receivable under reverse repurchase agreements 11,979 11,748
Goodwill 526 526
Other assets 256 204
Total assets $ 75,055 $ 81,817
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements $ 48,737 $ 52,366
Debt of consolidated variable interest entities, at fair value 148 177
Payable for investment securities purchased 3,697 6,157
Derivative liabilities, at fair value 14 2
Dividends payable 88 90
Obligation to return securities borrowed under reverse repurchase agreements, at fair value 10,920 11,727
Accounts payable and other liabilities 783 219
Total liabilities 64,387 70,738
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred Stock - aggregate liquidation preference of $ 1,538
1,489 1,489
Common stock - $ 0.01 par value; 1,500 shares authorized; 524.9 and 539.5 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
5 5
Additional paid-in capital 13,741 13,972
Retained deficit ( 4,972 ) ( 5,106 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income 405 719
Total stockholders' equity 10,668 11,079
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 75,055 $ 81,817
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
2

AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Interest income:
Interest income $ 249 $ 429 $ 806 $ 920
Interest expense 17 134 46 560
Net interest income 232 295 760 360
Other gain (loss), net:
Gain on sale of investment securities, net 25 153 12 647
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securities measured at fair value through net income, net ( 28 ) 679 ( 983 ) 876
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net ( 618 ) ( 385 ) 821 ( 3,539 )
Total other gain (loss), net: ( 621 ) 447 ( 150 ) ( 2,016 )
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits 12 13 28 26
Other operating expense 10 11 18 21
Total operating expense 22 24 46 47
Net income (loss) ( 411 ) 718 564 ( 1,703 )
Dividends on preferred stock 25 25 50 46
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders $ ( 436 ) $ 693 $ 514 $ ( 1,749 )
Net income (loss) $ ( 411 ) $ 718 $ 564 $ ( 1,703 )
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (loss), net ( 77 ) 203 ( 314 ) 667
Comprehensive income (loss) ( 488 ) 921 250 ( 1,036 )
Dividends on preferred stock
25 25 50 46
Comprehensive income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders $ ( 513 ) $ 896 $ 200 $ ( 1,082 )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic
526.6 560.3 530.1 554.2
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted
526.6 560.8 531.9 554.2
Net income (loss) per common share - basic $ ( 0.83 ) $ 1.24 $ 0.97 $ ( 3.16 )
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted $ ( 0.83 ) $ 1.24 $ 0.97 $ ( 3.16 )
Dividends declared per common share $ 0.36 $ 0.36 $ 0.72 $ 0.84
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3

AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(in millions)
Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital 		Retained
Deficit 		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) 		Total
Shares Amount
Balance, March 31, 2020 $ 1,489 567.7 $ 6 $ 14,334 $ ( 6,592 ) $ 561 $ 9,798
Net income — — — — 718 — 718
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net — — — — — 203 203
Stock-based compensation, net — — — 4 — — 4
Repurchase of common stock — ( 12.2 ) — ( 147 ) — — ( 147 )
Preferred dividends declared — — — — ( 25 ) — ( 25 )
Common dividends declared — — — — ( 201 ) — ( 201 )
Balance, June 30, 2020 $ 1,489 555.5 $ 6 $ 14,191 $ ( 6,100 ) $ 764 $ 10,350
Balance, March 31, 2021 $ 1,489 524.9 $ 5 $ 13,736 $ ( 4,348 ) $ 482 $ 11,364
Net loss — — — — ( 411 ) — ( 411 )
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net — — — — — ( 77 ) ( 77 )
Stock-based compensation, net — — — 5 — — 5
Preferred dividends declared — — — — ( 25 ) — ( 25 )
Common dividends declared — — — — ( 188 ) — ( 188 )
Balance, June 30, 2021 $ 1,489 524.9 $ 5 $ 13,741 $ ( 4,972 ) $ 405 $ 10,668
Balance, December 31, 2019 $ 932 540.9 $ 5 $ 13,893 $ ( 3,886 ) $ 97 $ 11,041
Net loss — — — — ( 1,703 ) — ( 1,703 )
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net — — — — — 667 667
Stock-based compensation, net — 0.1 — 7 — — 7
Issuance of preferred stock, net of offering cost 557 — — — — — 557
Issuance of common stock, net of offering cost — 26.7 1 438 — — 439
Repurchase of common stock — ( 12.2 ) — ( 147 ) — — ( 147 )
Preferred dividends declared — — — — ( 46 ) — ( 46 )
Common dividends declared — — — — ( 465 ) — ( 465 )
Balance, June 30, 2020 $ 1,489 555.5 $ 6 $ 14,191 $ ( 6,100 ) $ 764 $ 10,350
Balance, December 31, 2020 $ 1,489 539.5 $ 5 $ 13,972 $ ( 5,106 ) $ 719 $ 11,079
Net income — — — — 564 — 564
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net — — — — — ( 314 ) ( 314 )
Stock-based compensation, net — 0.4 — 8 — — 8
Repurchase of common stock — ( 15.0 ) — ( 239 ) — — ( 239 )
Preferred dividends declared — — — — ( 50 ) — ( 50 )
Common dividends declared — — — — ( 380 ) — ( 380 )
Balance, June 30, 2021 $ 1,489 524.9 $ 5 $ 13,741 $ ( 4,972 ) $ 405 $ 10,668
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(in millions)
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2021 2020
Operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 564 $ ( 1,703 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of premiums and discounts on mortgage-backed securities, net 128 607
Stock-based compensation, net 8 7
Gain on sale of investment securities, net ( 12 ) ( 647 )
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment securities measured at fair value through net income, net 983 ( 876 )
(Gain) loss on derivative instruments and other securities, net ( 821 ) 3,539
(Increase) decrease in other assets ( 52 ) 59
Decrease in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities ( 27 ) ( 210 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 771 776
Investing activities:
Purchases of Agency mortgage-backed securities ( 23,954 ) ( 39,715 )
Purchases of credit risk transfer and non-Agency securities ( 1,310 ) ( 396 )
Proceeds from sale of Agency mortgage-backed securities 18,311 54,967
Proceeds from sale of credit risk transfer and non-Agency securities 931 536
Principal collections on Agency mortgage-backed securities 8,791 7,867
Principal collections on credit risk transfer and non-Agency securities 36 49
Payments on U.S. Treasury securities ( 10,536 ) ( 19,793 )
Proceeds from U.S. Treasury securities 10,172 16,206
Net proceeds from (payments on) reverse repurchase agreements ( 233 ) 2,270
Net proceeds from (payments on) derivative instruments 593 ( 2,682 )
Net cash provided by investing activities 2,801 19,309
Financing activities:
Proceeds from repurchase arrangements 1,163,175 2,166,205
Payments on repurchase agreements ( 1,166,804 ) ( 2,185,702 )
Payments on debt of consolidated variable interest entities ( 26 ) ( 29 )
Net proceeds from preferred stock issuances — 557
Net proceeds from common stock issuances — 439
Payments for common stock repurchases ( 239 ) ( 147 )
Cash dividends paid ( 432 ) ( 525 )
Net cash provided used in financing activities ( 4,326 ) ( 19,202 )
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash ( 754 ) 883
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 2,324 1,282
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $ 1,570 $ 2,165
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5

AGNC INVESTMENT CORP.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Organization
AGNC Investment Corp. (referred throughout this report as the "Company," "we," "us" and "our") was organized in Delaware on January 7, 2008 and commenced operations on May 20, 2008 following the completion of our initial public offering. Our common stock is traded on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "AGNC."
We invest primarily in Agency residential mortgage-backed securities ("Agency RMBS") for which the principal and interest payments are guaranteed by a U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise ("GSE") or a U.S. Government agency. We also invest in other types of mortgage and mortgage-related securities, such as credit risk transfer ("CRT") securities and non-Agency residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("non-Agency RMBS" and "CMBS," respectively), where repayment of principal and interest is not guaranteed by a GSE or U.S. Government agency, and other assets related to the housing, mortgage or real estate markets. We fund our investments primarily through collateralized borrowings structured as repurchase agreements.
We operate to qualify to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Internal Revenue Code"). As a REIT, we are required to distribute annually 90 % of our taxable income, and we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal or state corporate income tax to the extent that we distribute our annual taxable income to our stockholders on a timely basis. It is our intention to distribute 100 % of our taxable income, after application of available tax attributes, within the limits prescribed by the Internal Revenue Code, which may extend into the subsequent tax year.
We are internally managed with the principal objective of providing our stockholders with attractive risk-adjusted returns through a combination of monthly dividends and tangible net book value accretion. We generate income from the interest earned on our investments, net of associated borrowing and hedging costs, and net realized gains and losses on our investment and hedging activities.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
Our accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are unaudited and include the accounts of all our wholly-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities for which we are the primary beneficiary. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals, necessary for the fair presentation of consolidated financial statements for the interim period have been included. The current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results that ultimately may be achieved for the year.
Investment Securities
Agency RMBS consist of residential mortgage pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") guaranteed by the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac," and together with Fannie Mae, the "GSEs") or the Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae").
CRT securities are risk sharing instruments issued by the GSEs, and similarly structured transactions issued by third-party market participants, that synthetically transfer a portion of the risk associated with credit losses within pools of conventional residential mortgage loans from the GSEs and/or third parties to private investors. Unlike Agency RMBS, full repayment of the original principal balance of CRT securities is not guaranteed by a GSE or U.S. Government agency; rather, "credit risk transfer" is achieved by writing down the outstanding principal balance of the CRT securities if credit losses on a related pool
6

of loans exceed certain thresholds. By reducing the amount that they are obligated to repay to holders of CRT securities, the GSEs and/or other third parties offset credit losses on the related loans.
Non-Agency RMBS and CMBS (together, "Non-Agency MBS") are backed by residential and commercial mortgage loans, respectively, packaged and securitized by a private institution, such as a commercial bank. Non-Agency MBS typically benefit from credit enhancements derived from structural elements, such as subordination, overcollateralization or insurance, but nonetheless carry a higher level of credit exposure than Agency RMBS.
All of our securities are reported at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet. Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 320, Investments—Debt and Equity Securities , requires that at the time of purchase, we designate a security as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale or trading, depending on our ability and intent to hold such security to maturity. Alternatively, we may elect the fair value option of accounting for securities pursuant to ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments . Prior to fiscal year 2017, we primarily designated our investment securities as available-for-sale. On January 1, 2017, we began electing the fair value option of accounting for all investment securities newly acquired after such date. Unrealized gains and losses on securities classified as available-for-sale are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income ("OCI"), whereas unrealized gains and losses on securities for which we elected the fair value option, or are classified as trading, are reported in net income through other gain (loss). Upon the sale of a security designated as available-for-sale, we determine the cost of the security and the amount of unrealized gain or loss to reclassify out of accumulated OCI into earnings based on the specific identification method. In our view, the election of the fair value option simplifies the accounting for investment securities and more appropriately reflects the results of our operations for a reporting period by presenting the fair value changes for these assets in a manner consistent with the presentation and timing of the fair value changes for our derivative instruments.
We generally recognize gains or losses through net income on available-for-sale securities only if the security is sold; however, if the fair value of a security declines below its amortized cost and we determine that it is more likely than not that we will incur a realized loss on the security when we sell the asset, we will recognize the difference between the amortized cost and the fair value in net income as a component of other gain (loss). Since all of our available-for-sale designated securities consist of Agency RMBS, we do not have an allowance for credit losses. We have not recognized impairment losses on our available-for-sale securities through net income for the periods presented in our consolidated financial statements.
Interest Income
Interest income is accrued based on the outstanding principal amount of the investment securities and their contractual terms. Premiums or discounts associated with the purchase of Agency RMBS and non-Agency MBS of high credit quality are amortized or accreted into interest income, respectively, over the projected lives of the securities, including contractual payments and estimated prepayments, using the effective interest method in accordance with ASC Subtopic 310-20, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs .
We estimate long-term prepayment speeds of our mortgage securities using a third-party service and market data. The third-party service provider estimates prepayment speeds using models that incorporate the forward yield curve, primary to secondary mortgage rate spreads, current mortgage rates, mortgage rates of the outstanding loans, age and size of the outstanding loans, loan-to-value ratios, interest rate volatility and other factors. We review the prepayment speeds estimated by the third-party service for reasonableness with consideration given to both historical prepayment speeds and current market conditions. If based on our assessment, we believe that the third-party model does not fully reflect our expectations of the current prepayment landscape, such as during periods of elevated market uncertainty or unique market conditions, we may make adjustments to the models. We review our actual and anticipated prepayment experience on at least a quarterly basis and effective yields are recalculated when differences arise between (i) our previous estimate of future prepayments and (ii) actual prepayments to date and our current estimate of future prepayments. We are required to record an adjustment in the current period to premium amortization / discount accretion for the cumulative effect of the difference in the effective yields as if the recalculated yield had been in place as of the security's acquisition date through the reporting date.
At the time we purchase CRT securities and non-Agency MBS that are not of high credit quality, we determine an effective yield based on our estimate of the timing and amount of future cash flows and our cost basis. Our initial cash flow estimates for these investments are based on our observations of current information and events and include assumptions related to interest rates, prepayment rates and the impact of default and severity rates on the timing and amount of credit losses. On at least a quarterly basis, we review the estimated cash flows and make appropriate adjustments based on inputs and analysis received from external sources, internal models, and our judgment regarding such inputs and other factors. Any resulting changes in effective yield are recognized prospectively based on the current amortized cost of the investment adjusted for credit impairments, if any.
7

Repurchase Agreements
We finance the acquisition of securities for our investment portfolio primarily through repurchase agreements with financial institutions. Repurchase arrangements involve the sale and a simultaneous agreement to repurchase the transferred assets at a future date. We maintain a beneficial interest in the specific securities pledged during the term of each repurchase arrangement and we receive the related principal and interest payments. Pursuant to ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing , we account for repurchase agreements as collateralized financing transactions, which are carried at their contractual amounts (cost), plus accrued interest. Our repurchase agreements typically have maturities of less than one year but may extend up to five years or more.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Obligation to Return Securities Borrowed under Reverse Repurchase Agreements
We borrow securities to cover short sales of U.S. Treasury securities through reverse repurchase transactions under our master repurchase agreements (see Derivative Instruments below). We account for these as securities borrowing transactions and recognize an obligation to return the borrowed securities at fair value on the balance sheet based on the value of the underlying borrowed securities as of the reporting date. We may also enter into reverse repurchase agreements to earn a yield on excess cash balances. The securities received as collateral in connection with our reverse repurchase agreements mitigate our credit risk exposure to counterparties. Our reverse repurchase agreements typically have maturities of 30 days or less.
Derivative Instruments
We use a variety of derivative instruments to hedge a portion of our exposure to market risks, including interest rate, prepayment, extension and liquidity risks. The objective of our risk management strategy is to reduce fluctuations in net book value over a range of interest rate scenarios. In particular, we attempt to mitigate the risk of the cost of our variable rate liabilities increasing during a period of rising interest rates. The primary instruments that we use are interest rate swaps, options to enter into interest rate swaps ("swaptions"), U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts. We also use forward contracts in the Agency RMBS "to-be-announced" market, or TBA securities, to invest in and finance Agency securities and to periodically reduce our exposure to Agency RMBS.
We account for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"). ASC 815 requires an entity to recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in our accompanying consolidated balance sheets and to measure those instruments at fair value. None of our derivative instruments have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes under the provisions of ASC 815, consequently changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Our derivative agreements generally contain provisions that allow for netting or setting off derivative assets and liabilities with the counterparty; however, we report related assets and liabilities on a gross basis in our consolidated balance sheets. Derivative instruments in a gain position are reported as derivative assets at fair value and derivative instruments in a loss position are reported as derivative liabilities at fair value in our consolidated balance sheets. Changes in fair value of derivative instruments and periodic settlements related to our derivative instruments are recorded in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Cash receipts and payments related to derivative instruments are classified in our consolidated statements of cash flows according to the underlying nature or purpose of the derivative transaction, generally in the investing section.
Interest rate swap agreements
We use interest rate swaps to economically hedge the variable cash flows associated with our borrowings made under repurchase agreements. Under our interest rate swap agreements, we typically pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate ("payer swaps") based on a short-term benchmark rate, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), Overnight Index Swap Rate ("OIS") or three-month London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"). Our interest rate swaps typically have terms from one to 10 years but may extend up to 20 years or more. Our interest rate swaps are centrally cleared through a registered commodities exchange. The clearing exchange requires that we post an "initial margin" amount determined by the exchange, which is generally intended to be set at a level sufficient to protect the exchange from the interest rate swap's maximum estimated single-day price movement. We also exchange daily settlements of "variation margin" based upon changes in fair value, as measured by the exchange. Pursuant to rules governing central clearing activities, we recognize variation margin settlements as a direct reduction of the carrying value of the interest rate swap asset or liability.
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Interest rate swaptions
We purchase interest rate swaptions to help mitigate the potential impact of larger, more rapid changes in interest rates on the performance of our investment portfolio. Interest rate swaptions provide us the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for a predetermined notional amount, stated term and pay and receive interest rates in the future. Our interest rate swaption agreements are not subject to central clearing. The premium paid for interest rate swaptions is reported as an asset in our consolidated balance sheets. The difference between the premium paid and the fair value of the swaption is reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. If a swaption expires unexercised, the realized loss on the swaption would be equal to the premium paid. If we sell or exercise a swaption, the realized gain or loss on the swaption would be equal to the difference between the cash or the fair value of the underlying interest rate swap and the premium paid.
TBA securities
A TBA security is a forward contract for the purchase or sale of Agency RMBS at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date. The specific Agency RMBS to be delivered into the contract are not known until shortly before the settlement date. We may choose, prior to settlement, to move the settlement of these securities out to a later date by entering into an offsetting TBA position, net settling the offsetting positions for cash, and simultaneously purchasing or selling a similar TBA contract for a later settlement date (together referred to as a "dollar roll transaction"). The Agency securities purchased or sold for a forward settlement date are typically priced at a discount to equivalent securities settling in the current month. This difference, or "price drop," is the economic equivalent of interest income on the underlying Agency securities, less an implied funding cost, over the forward settlement period (referred to as "dollar roll income"). Consequently, forward purchases of Agency securities and dollar roll transactions represent a form of off-balance sheet financing.
We account for TBA contracts as derivative instruments since either the TBA contracts do not settle in the shortest period of time possible or we cannot assert that it is probable at inception and throughout the term of the TBA contract that we will physically settle the contract on the settlement date. We account for TBA dollar roll transactions as a series of derivative transactions.
U.S. Treasury securities
We use U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts to mitigate the potential impact of changes in interest rates on the performance of our portfolio. We borrow U.S. Treasury securities under reverse repurchase agreements to cover short sales of U.S. Treasury securities. We account for these as securities borrowing transactions and recognize an obligation to return the borrowed securities at fair value on our accompanying consolidated balance sheets based on the value of the underlying U.S. Treasury security as of the reporting date. Gains and losses associated with U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts are recognized in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Fair Value Measurements
We determine the fair value of financial instruments based on our estimate of the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We utilize a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the instrument as of the measurement date. We categorize a financial instrument within the hierarchy based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:
• Level 1 Inputs —Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical unrestricted assets and liabilities in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date.
• Level 2 Inputs —Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.
• Level 3 Inputs —Instruments with primarily unobservable market data that cannot be corroborated.
The majority of our financial instruments are classified as Level 2 inputs. The availability of observable inputs can be affected by a wide variety of factors, including the type of instrument, whether the instrument is new and not yet established in the marketplace and other characteristics particular to the instrument. We typically obtain price estimates from multiple third-
9

party pricing sources, such as pricing services and dealers, or, if applicable, the registered clearing exchange. We make inquiries of third-party pricing sources to understand the significant inputs and assumptions they used to determine their prices and that they are derived from orderly transactions, particularly during periods of elevated market turbulence and reduced market liquidity. We also review third-party price estimates and perform procedures to validate their reasonableness, including an analysis of the range of estimates for each position, comparison to recent trade activity for similar securities and for consistency with market conditions observed as of the measurement date. While we do not adjust prices we obtain from pricing sources, we will exclude prices for securities from our estimation of fair value if we determine based on our validation procedures and our market knowledge and expertise that the price is significantly different from what observable market data would indicate and we cannot obtain an understanding from the third-party source as to the significant inputs used to determine the price.
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis classified as Level 2 inputs. These instruments trade in active markets such that participants transact with sufficient frequency and volume to provide transparent pricing information on an ongoing basis. The liquidity of these markets and the similarity of our securities and derivative instruments to those actively traded enable our pricing sources and us to observe quoted prices in the market and utilize those prices as a basis for formulating fair value measurements.
Investment securities - are valued based on prices obtained from multiple third-party pricing sources. The pricing sources utilize various valuation approaches, including market and income approaches. For Agency RMBS, the pricing sources primarily utilize a matrix pricing technique that interpolates the estimated fair value based on observed quoted prices for forward contracts in the Agency RMBS "to-be-announced" market ("TBA securities") of the same coupon, maturity and issuer, adjusted to reflect the specific characteristics of the pool of mortgages underlying the Agency security, such as maximum loan balance, loan vintage, loan-to-value ratio, geography and other characteristics as may be appropriate. For other investment securities, the pricing sources primarily utilize discounted cash flow model-derived pricing techniques to estimate the fair value. Such models incorporate market-based discount rate assumptions based on observable inputs such as recent trading activity, credit data, volatility statistics, benchmark interest rate curves, spread measurements to benchmark curves and other market data that are current as of the measurement date and may include certain unobservable inputs, such as assumptions of future levels of prepayment, defaults and loss severities.
TBA securities - are valued using prices obtained from third-party pricing sources based on pricing models that reference recent trading activity.
Interest rate swaps - are valued using the daily settlement price, or fair value, determined by the clearing exchange based on a pricing model that references observable market inputs, including current benchmark rates and the forward yield curve.
Interest rate swaptions - are valued using prices obtained from the counterparty and other third-party pricing models. The pricing models are based on the value of the future interest rate swap that we have the option to enter into as well as the remaining length of time that we have to exercise the option based on observable market inputs, adjusted for non-performance risk, if any.
U.S. Treasury securities and futures are valued based on quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets and are classified as Level 1 assets. None of our financial instruments are classified as Level 3 inputs.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs issued by the FASB. There are no unadopted ASUs that are expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements when adopted or other recently adopted ASUs that had a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Note 3. Investment Securities
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our investment portfolio consisted of: $ 59.8 billion and $ 66.4 billion investment securities, at fair value, respectively; $ 27.4 billion and $ 31.5 billion net TBA securities, at fair value, respectively; and $ 0.3 billion and zero forward settling non-Agency securities, at fair value, respectively. Our net TBA position and forward settling non-Agency securities are reported at their net carrying value totaling $ 79 million and $ 275 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, in derivative assets / (liabilities) on our accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The net carrying value of our TBA position and forward settling non-Agency securities represents the difference between the fair value of the underlying security and the cost basis or the forward price to be paid or received for the underlying security.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our investment securities had a net unamortized premium balance of $ 2.1 billion and $ 2.4 billion, respectively.
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The following tables summarize our investment securities as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, excluding TBA and forward settling securities, (dollars in millions). Details of our TBA and forward settling securities as of each of the respective dates are included in Note 5.
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Investment Securities Amortized
Cost 		Fair Value Amortized
Cost 		Fair Value
Agency RMBS:
Fixed rate $ 56,418 $ 57,757 $ 61,977 $ 64,615
Adjustable rate 54 56 69 70
CMO 219 228 289 301
Interest-only and principal-only strips 84 100 105 126
Multifamily — — 17 19
Total Agency RMBS 56,775 58,141 62,457 65,131
Non-Agency RMBS 187 200 178 188
CMBS 336 353 333 358
CRT securities 1,081 1,105 733 737
Total investment securities $ 58,379 $ 59,799 $ 63,701 $ 66,414
June 30, 2021
Agency RMBS Non-Agency
Investment Securities Fannie Mae Freddie Mac Ginnie
Mae 		RMBS CMBS CRT Total
Available-for-sale securities:
Par value
$ 7,615 $ 2,538 $ 2 $ — $ — $ — $ 10,155
Unamortized discount
( 3 ) ( 1 ) — — — — ( 4 )
Unamortized premium
367 127 — — — — 494
Amortized cost
7,979 2,664 2 — — — 10,645
Gross unrealized gains
310 95 — — — — 405
Gross unrealized losses
— — — — — — —
Total available-for-sale securities, at fair value 8,289 2,759 2 — — — 11,050
Securities remeasured at fair value through earnings:
Par value
30,548 13,992 3 196 338 1,077 46,154
Unamortized discount
( 15 ) ( 3 ) — ( 12 ) ( 6 ) ( 9 ) ( 45 )
Unamortized premium
1,070 535 — 3 4 13 1,625
Amortized cost
31,603 14,524 3 187 336 1,081 47,734
Gross unrealized gains
759 362 — 13 18 26 1,178
Gross unrealized losses
( 109 ) ( 51 ) — — ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 163 )
Total securities remeasured at fair value through earnings 32,253 14,835 3 200 353 1,105 48,749
Total securities, at fair value $ 40,542 $ 17,594 $ 5 $ 200 $ 353 $ 1,105 $ 59,799
Weighted average coupon as of June 30, 2021
3.15 % 3.23 % 4.73 % 4.23 % 3.69 % 3.58 % 3.19 %
Weighted average yield as of June 30, 2021 1
2.37 % 2.38 % 2.56 % 4.38 % 4.01 % 4.09 % 2.42 %
________________________________
1. Incorporates a weighted average future constant prepayment rate assumption of 11.6 % based on forward rates as of June 30, 2021.
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December 31, 2020
Agency RMBS Non-Agency
Investment Securities Fannie
Mae 		Freddie Mac Ginnie
Mae 		RMBS CMBS CRT Total
Available-for-sale securities:
Par value
$ 9,325 $ 3,416 $ 2 $ — $ — $ — $ 12,743
Unamortized discount
( 4 ) ( 1 ) — — — — ( 5 )
Unamortized premium
389 152 — — — — 541
Amortized cost 9,710 3,567 2 — — — 13,279
Gross unrealized gains
539 180 — — — — 719
Gross unrealized losses
— — — — — — —
Total available-for-sale securities, at fair value 10,249 3,747 2 — — — 13,998
Securities remeasured at fair value through earnings:
Par value 32,824 14,447 3 187 331 735 48,527
Unamortized discount ( 18 ) ( 1 ) — ( 12 ) ( 3 ) ( 12 ) ( 46 )
Unamortized premium 1,314 607 — 4 6 10 1,941
Amortized cost 34,120 15,053 3 179 334 733 50,422
Gross unrealized gains 1,280 683 — 11 28 12 2,014
Gross unrealized losses ( 5 ) ( 1 ) — ( 2 ) ( 4 ) ( 8 ) ( 20 )
Total securities remeasured at fair value through earnings 35,395 15,735 3 188 358 737 52,416
Total securities, at fair value $ 45,644 $ 19,482 $ 5 $ 188 $ 358 $ 737 $ 66,414
Weighted average coupon as of December 31, 2020
3.30 % 3.56 % 4.73 % 4.28 % 4.13 % 3.43 % 3.39 %
Weighted average yield as of December 31, 2020 1
2.25 % 2.39 % 2.46 % 4.33 % 4.29 % 3.71 % 2.33 %
________________________________
1. Incorporates a weighted average future constant prepayment rate assumption of 17.6 % based on forward rates as of December 31, 2020.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our investments in CRT and non-Agency securities had the following credit ratings (in millions):
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
CRT and Non-Agency Security Credit Ratings 1
CRT RMBS CMBS CRT RMBS CMBS
AAA $ — $ — $ 21 $ — $ — $ 35
AA — 20 118 — 20 190
A — 36 39 — 32 28
BBB 72 77 50 28 83 55
BB 222 42 89 167 36 43
B 386 10 36 304 6 7
Not Rated 425 15 — 238 11 —
Total $ 1,105 $ 200 $ 353 $ 737 $ 188 $ 358
________________________________
1. Represents the lowest of Standard and Poor's ("S&P"), Moody's, Fitch, DBRS, Kroll Bond Rating Agency ("KBRA") and Morningstar credit ratings, stated in terms of the S&P equivalent rating as of each date.
Our CRT securities reference the performance of loans underlying Agency RMBS issued by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, which were subject to their underwriting standards.
The actual maturities of our investment securities are generally shorter than their stated contractual maturities. The actual maturities of our Agency and high credit quality non-Agency RMBS are primarily affected by principal prepayments and to a lesser degree the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages and periodic contractual principal repayments. The actual maturities of our credit-oriented investments are primarily impacted by their contractual lives and default and loss recovery rates. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the weighted average expected constant prepayment rate ("CPR") over the remaining life of our Agency and high credit quality non-Agency RMBS investment portfolio was 11.6 % and 17.6 %, respectively. Our estimates can differ materially for different securities and thus our individual holdings have a wide range of projected CPRs. The following table summarizes our investments as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 according to their estimated weighted average life classification (dollars in millions):
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June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Estimated Weighted Average Life of Investment Securities Fair Value Amortized
Cost 		Weighted
Average
Coupon 		Weighted
Average
Yield 		Fair Value Amortized
Cost 		Weighted
Average
Coupon 		Weighted
Average
Yield
≤ 3 years $ 1,407 $ 1,370 3.59 % 2.69 % $ 3,642 $ 3,569 3.56 % 2.15 %
> 3 years and ≤ 5 years 15,366 14,905 3.62 % 2.49 % 47,740 45,578 3.54 % 2.42 %
> 5 years and ≤10 years 40,176 39,276 3.07 % 2.41 % 15,019 14,541 2.87 % 2.08 %
> 10 years 2,850 2,828 2.32 % 2.09 % 13 13 5.56 % 3.59 %
Total
$ 59,799 $ 58,379 3.19 % 2.42 % $ 66,414 $ 63,701 3.39 % 2.33 %
Gains and Losses on Sale of Investment Securities
The following table is a summary of our net gain (loss) from the sale of investment securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 by investment classification of accounting (in millions):

Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020
Investment Securities
Available-for-Sale
Securities 2
Fair Value Option Securities Total
Available-for-Sale
Securities 2
Fair Value Option Securities Total
Investment securities sold, at cost $ ( 4,151 ) $ ( 8,659 ) $ ( 12,810 ) $ ( 1,278 ) $ ( 4,472 ) $ ( 5,750 )
Proceeds from investment securities sold 1
4,165 8,670 12,835 1,317 4,586 5,903
Net gain (loss) on sale of investment securities $ 14 $ 11 $ 25 $ 39 $ 114 $ 153
Gross gain on sale of investment securities $ 14 $ 48 $ 62 $ 39 $ 129 $ 168
Gross loss on sale of investment securities — ( 37 ) ( 37 ) — ( 15 ) ( 15 )
Net gain (loss) on sale of investment securities $ 14 $ 11 $ 25 $ 39 $ 114 $ 153
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020
Investment Securities
Available-for-Sale
Securities 2
Fair Value Option Securities Total
Available-for-Sale
Securities 2
Fair Value Option Securities Total
Investment securities sold, at cost $ ( 4,644 ) $ ( 14,523 ) $ ( 19,167 ) $ ( 1,433 ) $ ( 53,912 ) $ ( 55,345 )
Proceeds from investment securities sold 1
4,676 14,503 19,179 1,473 54,519 55,992
Net gain (loss) on sale of investment securities $ 32 $ ( 20 ) $ 12 $ 40 $ 607 $ 647
Gross gain on sale of investment securities $ 32 $ 97 $ 129 $ 40 $ 696 $ 736
Gross loss on sale of investment securities — ( 117 ) ( 117 ) — ( 89 ) ( 89 )
Net gain (loss) on sale of investment securities $ 32 $ ( 20 ) $ 12 $ 40 $ 607 $ 647
________________________________
1. Proceeds include cash received during the period, plus receivable for investment securities sold during the period as of period end.
2. See Note 9 for a summary of changes in accumulated OCI.

Note 4. Repurchase Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Repurchase Agreements
We pledge our securities as collateral under our borrowings structured as repurchase agreements with financial institutions. Amounts available to be borrowed are dependent upon the fair value of the securities pledged as collateral, which fluctuates with changes in interest rates, type of security and liquidity conditions within the banking, mortgage finance and real estate industries. If the fair value of our pledged securities declines, lenders will typically require us to post additional collateral or pay down borrowings to re-establish agreed upon collateral requirements, referred to as "margin calls." Similarly, if the fair value of our pledged securities increases, lenders may release collateral back to us. As of June 30, 2021, we had met all margin call requirements. For additional information regarding our pledged assets, please refer to Note 6.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had $ 48.7 billion and $ 52.4 billion, respectively, of repurchase agreements outstanding used to fund our investment portfolio and temporary holdings of U.S. Treasury securities. The terms and conditions of our repurchase agreements are typically negotiated on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Our repurchase agreements with original maturities greater than one year may have floating interest rates based on an index plus or minus a
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fixed spread. The following table summarizes our borrowings under repurchase agreements by their remaining maturities as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Remaining Maturity Repurchase Agreements Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate 		Weighted
Average Days
to Maturity 		Repurchase Agreements Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate 		Weighted
Average Days
to Maturity
Agency repo:
≤ 1 month $ 31,093 0.10 % 11 $ 29,505 0.22 % 12
> 1 to ≤ 3 months 8,794 0.15 % 67 13,434 0.27 % 57
> 3 to ≤ 6 months 1,662 0.12 % 148 7,317 0.28 % 142
> 6 to ≤ 9 months 5,916 0.15 % 199 660 0.24 % 208
> 9 to ≤ 12 months 875 0.18 % 303 1,450 0.15 % 354
Total Agency repo
48,340 0.11 % 54 52,366 0.24 % 54
U.S. Treasury repo:
> 1 day to ≤ 1 month 397 0.02 % 1 — — % —
Total $ 48,737 0.11 % 54 $ 52,366 0.24 % 54
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, $ 7.4 billion and $ 11.2 billion, respectively, of our repurchase agreements had an overnight maturity of one business day and none of our repurchase agreements were due on demand. As of June 30, 2021, we had $ 8.3 billion of forward commitments to enter into repurchase agreements with a weighted average forward start date of 2 days and a weighted average interest rate of 0.06 %. As of December 31, 2020, we had $ 2.9 billion of forward commitments to enter into repurchase agreements, with a weighted average forward start date of 4 days and a weighted average interest rate of 0.12 %. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 44 % and 47 %, respectively, of our repurchase agreement funding was sourced through our wholly-owned captive broker-dealer subsidiary, Bethesda Securities, LLC ("BES"). Amounts sourced through BES include funding from the General Collateral Finance Repo service ("GCF Repo") offered by the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation ("FICC"), which totaled 43 % and 46 % of our repurchase agreement funding outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we terminated $ 3.7 billion of repurchase agreements with a weighted average interest rate of 2.11 % and a weighted average remaining maturity of 2.2 years. The terminated agreements were replaced with shorter duration repurchase agreements at lower prevailing market rates. We recognized losses on debt extinguishment of $ 146 million in other gain (loss), net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 associated with the terminated repurchase agreements. We did not terminate any repurchase agreements during the prior year periods.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had $12.0 billion and $11.7 billion, respectively, of reverse repurchase agreements outstanding used primarily to borrow securities to cover short sales of U.S. Treasury securities, for which we had associated obligations to return borrowed securities at fair value of $10.9 billion and $11.7 billion, respectively. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, $ 2.7 billion and $ 3.6 billion, respectively, of our reverse repurchase agreements were with the FICC sourced through BES.

Note 5. Derivative and Other Hedging Instruments
We hedge a portion of our interest rate risk primarily utilizing interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions, U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts. We utilize TBA securities primarily as a means of investing in the Agency securities market. For additional information regarding our derivative instruments and our overall risk management strategy, please refer to the discussion of derivative and other hedging instruments in Note 2.
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Derivative and Other Hedging Instrument Assets (Liabilities), at Fair Value
The table below summarizes fair value information about our derivative and other hedging instrument assets/(liabilities) as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in millions):
Derivative and Other Hedging Instruments Balance Sheet Location
June 30,
2021
December 31,
2020
Swaptions Derivative assets, at fair value $ 294 $ 116
TBA securities Derivative assets, at fair value 87 275
Total derivative assets, at fair value
$ 381 $ 391
TBA securities Derivative liabilities, at fair value ( 8 ) —
U.S. Treasury futures - short Derivative liabilities, at fair value ( 6 ) ( 2 )
Total derivative liabilities, at fair value
$ ( 14 ) $ ( 2 )
U.S. Treasury securities - long U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value $ 397 $ —
U.S. Treasury securities - short Obligation to return securities borrowed under reverse repurchase agreements, at fair value ( 10,920 ) ( 11,727 )
Total U.S. Treasury securities, net at fair value
$ ( 10,523 ) $ ( 11,727 )

The following tables summarize certain characteristics of our derivative and other hedging instruments outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Pay Fixed / Receive Variable Interest Rate Swaps Notional
Amount 		Average
Fixed Pay
Rate 		Average
Receive
Rate 		Average
Maturity
(Years) 		Notional
Amount 		Average
Fixed Pay
Rate 		Average
Receive
Rate 		Average
Maturity
(Years)
≤ 3 years $ 16,000 0.11 % 0.06 % 2.3 $ 8,750 0.04 % 0.08 % 2.4
> 3 to ≤ 5 years 18,500 0.13 % 0.06 % 3.9 17,000 0.10 % 0.08 % 4.1
> 5 to ≤ 7 years 7,050 0.21 % 0.05 % 5.5 9,800 0.21 % 0.08 % 5.8
> 7 to ≤ 10 years 6,700 0.36 % 0.05 % 8.1 6,200 0.28 % 0.07 % 8.5
> 10 years 1,475 0.47 % 0.06 % 13.7 1,475 0.47 % 0.07 % 14.2
Total $ 49,725 0.18 % 0.06 % 4.4 $ 43,225 0.15 % 0.08 % 5.1

Pay Fixed / Receive Variable Interest Rate Swaps by Receive Index (% of Notional Amount)
June 30,
2021
December 31, 2020
SOFR 74 % 71 %
OIS 26 % 29 %
Total 100 % 100 %
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Swaptions Option Underlying Payer Swap
Current Option Expiration Date Cost Basis Fair Value
Average
Months to Current Option
Expiration Date 1
Notional
Amount
Average Fixed Pay
Rate 2
Average
Term
(Years)
June 30, 2021
≤ 1 year $ 101 $ 55 5 $ 4,200 1.77 % 8.8
> 1 year ≤ 2 years 80 117 20 3,250 1.41 % 10.0
> 2 year ≤ 3 years 110 122 32 4,000 2.07 % 10.0
Total $ 291 $ 294 19 $ 11,450 1.77 % 9.5
December 31, 2020
≤ 1 year $ 123 $ 15 5 $ 5,900 2.17 % 9.2
> 1 year ≤ 2 years 41 33 20 2,000 1.38 % 10.0
> 2 year ≤ 3 years 65 60 33 2,250 1.40 % 10.0
> 3 year ≤ 4 years 8 8 40 250 1.43 % 10.0
Total $ 237 $ 116 15 $ 10,400 1.84 % 9.5
________________________________
1. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, ≤ 1 year notional amount includes $ 700 million of Bermudan swaptions where the options may be exercised on predetermined dates up to their final exercise date, which is six months prior to the underlying swaps' maturity date.
2. As of June 30, 2021, 8% and 92% of the underlying swap receive rates were tied to 3-Month LIBOR and SOFR, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, 33% and 67% of the underlying payer swap receive rates were tied to 3-Month LIBOR and SOFR, respectively.
U.S. Treasury Securities June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Maturity Face Amount Long/(Short)
Cost Basis 1
Fair Value Face Amount Long/(Short)
Cost Basis 1
Fair Value
5 years $ ( 1,665 ) $ ( 1,648 ) $ ( 1,631 ) $ ( 425 ) $ ( 425 ) $ ( 425 )
7 years ( 1,083 ) ( 1,072 ) ( 1,049 ) ( 1,083 ) ( 1,081 ) ( 1,089 )
10 years ( 7,748 ) ( 7,740 ) ( 7,843 ) ( 9,780 ) ( 9,862 ) ( 10,213 )
Total U.S. Treasury securities $ ( 10,496 ) $ ( 10,460 ) $ ( 10,523 ) $ ( 11,288 ) $ ( 11,368 ) $ ( 11,727 )
________________________________
1. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, short U.S. Treasury securities had a weighted average yield of 1.30 % and 1.20 %, respectively, and long U.S. Treasury securities totaling $ 397 million, at fair value, had a weighted average yield of 0.98 % as of June 30, 2021.
U.S. Treasury Futures June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Maturity Notional
Amount
Long (Short) 		Cost
Basis 		Fair
Value
Net Carrying Value 1
Notional
Amount
Long (Short) 		Cost
Basis 		Fair
Value
Net Carrying Value 1
10 years $ ( 1,500 ) $ ( 1,982 ) $ ( 1,988 ) $ ( 6 ) $ ( 1,000 ) $ ( 1,379 ) $ ( 1,381 ) $ ( 2 )
________________________________
1. Net carrying value represents the difference between the fair market value and the cost basis (or the forward price to be paid/(received) for the underlying U.S. Treasury security) of the U.S. Treasury futures contract as of period-end and is reported in derivative assets/(liabilities), at fair value in our consolidated balance sheets.
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June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
TBA Securities by Coupon Notional
Amount
Long (Short) 		Cost
Basis 		Fair
Value
Net Carrying Value 1
Notional
Amount
Long (Short) 		Cost
Basis 		Fair
Value
Net Carrying Value 1
15-Year TBA securities:
≤ 2.0% $ 418 $ 422 $ 423 1 $ 6,540 $ 6,708 $ 6,771 $ 63
2.5%
328 342 342 — 200 208 209 1
Total 15-Year TBA securities 746 764 765 1 6,740 6,916 6,980 64
30-Year TBA securities:
≤ 2.0% 2,551 2,552 2,572 20 19,805 20,314 20,480 166
2.5% 20,627 21,227 21,289 62 3,167 3,291 3,335 44
3.0%
2,104 2,195 2,193 ( 2 ) 528 552 553 1
3.5%
539 569 567 ( 2 ) 124 131 131 —
Total 30-Year TBA securities, net 25,821 26,543 26,621 78 23,624 24,288 24,499 211
Total TBA securities, net $ 26,567 $ 27,307 $ 27,386 $ 79 $ 30,364 $ 31,204 $ 31,479 $ 275
________________________________
1. Net carrying value represents the difference between the fair market value and the cost basis (or the forward price to be paid/(received) for the underlying Agency security) of the TBA contract as of period-end and is reported in derivative assets/(liabilities), at fair value in our consolidated balance sheets.

Gain (Loss) From Derivative Instruments and Other Securities, Net
The following table summarizes changes in our derivative and other hedge portfolio and their effect on our consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
Derivative and Other Hedging Instruments Beginning
Notional Amount 		Additions Settlement, Termination,
Expiration or
Exercise 		Ending
Notional Amount
Gain/(Loss)
on Derivative Instruments and Other Securities, Net 1
Three months ended June 30, 2021:
TBA securities, net $ 24,518 94,248 ( 92,199 ) $ 26,567 $ 396
Forward settling non-Agency securities $ — 300 — $ 300 —
Interest rate swaps - payer $ 49,725 — — $ 49,725 ( 400 )
Payer swaptions $ 13,150 — ( 1,700 ) $ 11,450 ( 313 )
U.S. Treasury securities - short position $ ( 15,527 ) ( 585 ) 5,219 $ ( 10,893 ) ( 333 )
U.S. Treasury securities - long position $ — 1,336 ( 939 ) $ 397 ( 1 )
U.S. Treasury futures contracts - short position $ ( 1,000 ) ( 2,000 ) 1,500 $ ( 1,500 ) ( 29 )
$ ( 680 )
Three months ended June 30, 2020:
TBA securities, net $ 20,279 75,186 ( 75,705 ) $ 19,760 $ 220
Interest rate swaps - payer $ 46,475 25,750 ( 30,150 ) $ 42,075 ( 379 )
Payer swaptions $ 9,550 — ( 200 ) $ 9,350 ( 14 )
U.S. Treasury securities - short position $ ( 4,245 ) ( 4,187 ) 1,185 $ ( 7,247 ) ( 60 )
U.S. Treasury securities - long position $ 3,569 550 ( 2,987 ) $ 1,132 4
U.S. Treasury futures contracts - short position $ ( 1,000 ) ( 1,000 ) 1,000 $ ( 1,000 ) ( 8 )
$ ( 237 )
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Six months ended June 30, 2021:
TBA securities, net $ 30,364 187,584 ( 191,381 ) $ 26,567 $ ( 530 )
Forward settling non-Agency securities $ — 300 — $ 300 —
Interest rate swaps - payer $ 43,225 7,000 ( 500 ) $ 49,725 724
Payer swaptions $ 10,400 4,250 ( 3,200 ) $ 11,450 74
U.S. Treasury securities - short position $ ( 11,287 ) ( 7,846 ) 8,240 $ ( 10,893 ) 474
U.S. Treasury securities - long position $ — 2,651 ( 2,254 ) $ 397 ( 11 )
U.S. Treasury futures contracts - short position $ ( 1,000 ) ( 3,000 ) 2,500 $ ( 1,500 ) 32
$ 763
Six months ended June 30, 2020:
TBA securities, net $ 7,322 112,936 ( 100,498 ) $ 19,760 $ 913
Interest rate swaps - payer $ 79,075 75,725 ( 112,725 ) $ 42,075 ( 3,174 )
Payer swaptions $ 8,850 2,000 ( 1,500 ) $ 9,350 ( 148 )
U.S. Treasury securities - short position $ ( 9,224 ) ( 10,232 ) 12,209 $ ( 7,247 ) ( 997 )
U.S. Treasury securities - long position $ 95 7,011 ( 5,974 ) $ 1,132 101
U.S. Treasury futures contracts - short position $ ( 1,000 ) ( 2,000 ) 2,000 $ ( 1,000 ) ( 112 )
$ ( 3,417 )
________________________________
1. Amounts exclude other miscellaneous gains and losses recognized in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 exclude $ 146 million of losses on debt extinguishment (see Note 4).

Note 6. Pledged Assets
Our funding agreements require us to fully collateralize our obligations under the agreements based upon our counterparties' collateral requirements and their determination of the fair value of the securities pledged as collateral, which fluctuates with changes in interest rates, credit quality and liquidity conditions within the investment banking, mortgage finance and real estate industries. Our derivative contracts similarly require us to fully collateralize our obligations under such agreements, which will vary over time based on similar factors as well as our counterparties' determination of the value of the derivative contract. We are typically required to post initial margin upon execution of derivative transactions, such as under our interest rate swap agreements and TBA contracts, and subsequently post or receive variation margin based on daily fluctuations in fair value. Our brokerage and custody agreements and the clearing organizations utilized by our wholly-owned captive broker-dealer subsidiary, Bethesda Securities, LLC, also require that we post minimum daily clearing deposits. If we breach our collateral requirements, we will be required to fully settle our obligations under the agreements, which could include a forced liquidation of our pledged collateral.
Our counterparties also apply a "haircut" to our pledged collateral, which means our collateral is valued at slightly less than market value and limits the amount we can borrow against our securities. This haircut reflects the underlying risk of the specific collateral and protects our counterparty against a change in its value. Our agreements do not specify the haircut; rather, haircuts are determined on an individual transaction basis. Consequently, our funding agreements and derivative contracts expose us to credit risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if our counterparties fail to perform their obligations under such agreements. We minimize this risk by limiting our counterparties to major financial institutions with acceptable credit ratings or to registered clearinghouses and U.S. government agencies, and we monitor our positions with individual counterparties. In the event of a default by a counterparty, we may have difficulty obtaining our assets pledged as collateral to such counterparty and may not receive payments as and when due to us under the terms of our derivative agreements. In the case of centrally cleared instruments, we could be exposed to credit risk if the central clearing agency or a clearing member defaults on its respective obligation to perform under the contract. However, we believe that the risk is minimal due to the clearing exchanges' initial and daily mark-to-market margin requirements, clearinghouse guarantee funds and other resources that are available in the event of a clearing member default.
As of June 30, 2021, our maximum amount at risk with any counterparty related to our repurchase agreements, excluding the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, was less than 2 % of our tangible stockholders' equity (or the excess/shortfall of the value of collateral pledged/received over our repurchase agreement liabilities/reverse repurchase agreement receivables). As of June 30, 2021, approximately 8 % of our tangible stockholder's equity was at risk with the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation.
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Assets Pledged to Counterparties
The following tables summarize our assets pledged as collateral under our funding, derivative and brokerage and clearing agreements by type, including securities pledged related to securities sold but not yet settled, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in millions):
June 30, 2021
Assets Pledged to Counterparties 1
Repurchase Agreements 2
Debt of Consolidated VIEs Derivative Agreements
Brokerage and Clearing Agreements 3
Total
Agency RMBS - fair value $ 49,044 $ 245 $ 483 $ 404 $ 50,176
CRT - fair value
502 — — — 502
Non-Agency - fair value
377 — — — 377
U.S. Treasury securities - fair value
733 — — 272 1,005
Accrued interest on pledged securities
128 1 1 1 131
Restricted cash 19 — 604 — 623
Total $ 50,803 $ 246 $ 1,088 $ 677 $ 52,814
December 31, 2020
Assets Pledged to Counterparties 1
Repurchase Agreements 2
Debt of Consolidated VIEs Derivative Agreements
Brokerage and Clearing Agreements 3
Total
Agency RMBS - fair value $ 53,401 $ 295 $ 365 $ 258 $ 54,319
CRT - fair value
455 — — — 455
Non-Agency - fair value
458 — — — 458
Accrued interest on pledged securities
147 1 1 1 150
Restricted cash 417 — 890 — 1,307
Total $ 54,878 $ 296 $ 1,256 $ 259 $ 56,689
________________________________
1. Includes repledged assets received as collateral from counterparties and securities sold but not yet settled.
2. Includes $ 98 million and $ 119 million of retained interests in our consolidated VIEs pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
3. Includes margin for TBAs cleared through prime brokers and other clearing deposits.
The following table summarizes our securities pledged as collateral under our repurchase agreements by the remaining maturity of our borrowings, including securities pledged related to sold but not yet settled securities, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in millions). For the corresponding borrowings associated with the following amounts and the interest rates thereon, refer to Note 4 .
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Securities Pledged by Remaining Maturity of Repurchase Agreements 1,2
Fair Value of Pledged Securities Amortized
Cost of
Pledged Securities 		Accrued
Interest on
Pledged
Securities 		Fair Value of Pledged Securities Amortized
Cost of
Pledged Securities 		Accrued
Interest on
Pledged
Securities
≤ 30 days $ 31,779 $ 30,818 $ 84 $ 29,674 $ 28,208 $ 82
> 30 and ≤ 60 days 3,124 3,002 8 8,438 8,013 23
> 60 and ≤ 90 days 5,788 5,641 15 5,782 5,495 16
> 90 days 9,628 9,542 21 10,420 10,068 26
Total $ 50,319 $ 49,003 $ 128 $ 54,314 $ 51,784 $ 147
________________________________
1. Includes $ 98 million and $ 119 million of retained interests in our consolidated VIEs pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
2. Excludes $ 0.6 billion of repledged U.S. Treasury securities received as collateral from counterparties as of June 30, 2021.
Assets Pledged from Counterparties
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had assets pledged to us from counterparties as collateral under our reverse repurchase and derivative agreements summarized in the tables below (in millions).
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June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Assets Pledged to AGNC Reverse Repurchase Agreements Derivative Agreements Repurchase Agreements Total Reverse Repurchase Agreements Derivative Agreements Repurchase Agreements Total
U.S. Treasury securities - fair value 1
$ 13,023 $ — $ 13 $ 13,036 $ 11,727 $ — $ 13 $ 11,740
Cash
— 314 1 315 — 107 3 110
Total $ 13,023 $ 314 $ 14 $ 13,351 $ 11,727 $ 107 $ 16 $ 11,850
________________________________
1. As of June 30, 2021, $ 0.6 billion of U.S. Treasury securities received from counterparties were repledged as collateral. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, $10.9 billion and $11.7 billion, respectively, of U.S. Treasury securities received from counterparties were used to cover short sales of U.S. Treasury securities.
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
Certain of our repurchase agreements and derivative transactions are governed by underlying agreements that generally provide for a right of setoff under master netting arrangements (or similar agreements), including in the event of default or in the event of bankruptcy of either party to the transactions. We present our assets and liabilities subject to such arrangements on a gross basis in our consolidated balance sheets. The following tables present information about our assets and liabilities that are subject to master netting arrangements and can potentially be offset on our consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in millions):
Offsetting of Financial and Derivative Assets
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets Gross Amounts Not Offset
in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets 		Net Amount
Financial Instruments
Collateral Received 2
June 30, 2021
Interest rate swap and swaption agreements, at fair value 1
$ 294 $ — $ 294 $ — $ ( 293 ) $ 1
TBA securities, at fair value 87 — 87 ( 8 ) — 79
Receivable under reverse repurchase agreements 11,979 — 11,979 ( 7,216 ) ( 4,763 ) —
Total $ 12,360 $ — $ 12,360 $ ( 7,224 ) $ ( 5,056 ) $ 80
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap and swaption agreements, at fair value 1
$ 116 $ — $ 116 $ — $ ( 105 ) $ 11
TBA securities, at fair value 275 — 275 — — 275
Receivable under reverse repurchase agreements 11,748 — 11,748 ( 6,522 ) ( 5,223 ) 3
Total $ 12,139 $ — $ 12,139 $ ( 6,522 ) $ ( 5,328 ) $ 289
Offsetting of Financial and Derivative Liabilities
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets Gross Amounts Not Offset
in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets 		Net Amount
Financial Instruments
Collateral Pledged 2
June 30, 2021
TBA securities, at fair value $ 8 $ — $ 8 $ ( 8 ) $ — $ —
Repurchase agreements 48,737 — 48,737 ( 7,216 ) ( 41,520 ) 1
Total $ 48,745 $ — $ 48,745 $ ( 7,224 ) $ ( 41,520 ) $ 1
December 31, 2020
Repurchase agreements $ 52,366 $ — $ 52,366 $ ( 6,522 ) $ ( 45,844 ) $ —
Total $ 52,366 $ — $ 52,366 $ ( 6,522 ) $ ( 45,844 ) $ —
________________________________
1. Reported under derivative assets / liabilities, at fair value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 5 for a reconciliation of derivative assets / liabilities, at fair value to their sub-components.
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2. Includes cash and securities pledged / received as collateral, at fair value. Amounts include repledged collateral. Amounts presented are limited to collateral pledged sufficient to reduce the net amount to zero for individual counterparties, as applicable.

Note 7. Fair Value Measurements
The following table provides a summary of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, based on their categorization within the valuation hierarchy (in millions). There were no transfers between valuation hierarchy levels during the periods presented in our accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets:
Agency securities
$ — $ 57,896 $ — $ — $ 64,836 $ —
Agency securities transferred to consolidated VIEs
— 245 — — 295 —
Credit risk transfer securities
— 1,105 — — 737 —
Non-Agency securities
— 553 — — 546 —
U.S. Treasury securities
397 — — — — —
Interest rate swaps
— — — — — —
Swaptions
— 294 — — 116 —
TBA securities
— 87 — — 275 —
Total $ 397 $ 60,180 $ — $ — $ 66,805 $ —
Liabilities:
Debt of consolidated VIEs $ — $ 148 $ — $ — $ 177 $ —
Obligation to return U.S. Treasury securities borrowed under reverse repurchase agreements 10,920 — — 11,727 — —
Interest rate swaps
— — — — — —
TBA securities
— 8 — — — —
U.S. Treasury futures
6 — — 2 — —
Total $ 10,926 $ 156 $ — $ 11,729 $ 177 $ —
Excluded from the table above are financial instruments presented in our consolidated financial statements at cost. The fair value of our repurchase agreements approximated cost as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, as the rates on our outstanding repurchase agreements largely corresponded to prevailing rates observed in the repo market. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables and other payables were determined to approximate cost as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 due to their short duration. We estimate the fair value of these instruments carried at cost using "Level 1" or "Level 2" inputs.

Note 8. Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing (i) net income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders by (ii) the sum of our weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and the weighted-average number of vested but not yet issued time and performance-based restricted stock units ("RSUs") outstanding for the period granted under our long-term incentive program to employees and non-employee Board of Directors. Diluted net income (loss) per common share assumes the issuance of all potential common stock equivalents unless the effect is to reduce a loss or increase the income per common share. Our potential common stock equivalents consist of unvested time and performance-based RSUs. The following table presents the computations of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share for the periods indicated (shares and dollars in millions):
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Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Weighted average number of common shares issued and outstanding 524.9 559.1 528.7 553.3
Weighted average number of fully vested restricted stock units outstanding 1.7 1.2 1.4 0.9
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic 526.6 560.3 530.1 554.2
Weighted average number of dilutive unvested restricted stock units outstanding — 0.5 1.8 —
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted 526.6 560.8 531.9 554.2
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders $ ( 436 ) $ 693 $ 514 $ ( 1,749 )
Net income (loss) per common share - basic $ ( 0.83 ) $ 1.24 $ 0.97 $ ( 3.16 )
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted $ ( 0.83 ) $ 1.24 $ 0.97 $ ( 3.16 )
For the three months ended June 30, 2021 and six months ended June 30, 2020, 1.7 million and 0.8 million, respectively, of potentially dilutive unvested time and performance based RSUs outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per common share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

Note 9. Stockholders' Equity
Preferred Stock
We are authorized to designate and issue up to 10.0 million shares of preferred stock in one or more classes or series. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 13,800 , 10,350 , 16,100 and 23,000 shares of preferred stock were designated as 7.00 % Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, 6.875 % Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, 6.50 % Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock and 6.125 % Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, respectively, (referred to as "Series C, D, E and F Preferred Stock", respectively). As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 13,000 , 9,400 , 16,100 and 23,000 shares of Series C, D, E and F Preferred Stock, respectively, were issued and outstanding. Each share of preferred stock is represented by 1,000 depositary shares. Each share of preferred stock has a liquidation preference of $25,000 per share (or $25 per depositary share).
Our preferred stock ranks senior to our common stock with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets upon a voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. Our preferred stock has no stated maturity, is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption and each series of preferred stock ranks on parity with one another. Under certain circumstances upon a change of control, our preferred stock is convertible to shares of our common stock. Holders of our preferred stock and depositary shares underlying our preferred stock have no voting rights, except under limited conditions. Beginning on each series' optional redemption date, we may redeem shares at $ 25.00 per depositary share, plus accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared), exclusively at our option.
The following table includes a summary of preferred stock depositary shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021 (dollars and shares in millions):
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock 1
Issuance
Date 		Depositary
Shares
Issued
and
Outstanding 		Carrying
Value 		Aggregate
Liquidation Preference 		Fixed
Rate
Optional
Redemption
Date 2
Fixed-to-Floating
Rate
Conversion
Date 		Floating
Annual Rate
Series C August 22, 2017 13.0 315 325 7.000 % October 15, 2022 October 15, 2022 3M LIBOR + 5.111%
Series D March 6, 2019 9.4 227 235 6.875 % April 15, 2024 April 15, 2024 3M LIBOR + 4.332%
Series E October 3, 2019 16.1 390 403 6.500 % October 15, 2024 October 15, 2024 3M LIBOR + 4.993%
Series F February 11, 2020 23.0 557 575 6.125 % April 15, 2025 April 15, 2025 3M LIBOR + 4.697%
Total 61.5 $ 1,489 $ 1,538
________________________________
1. Fixed-to-floating rate redeemable preferred stock accrue dividends at an annual fixed rate of the $25.00 liquidation preference per depositary share from the issuance date up to, but not including, the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date; thereafter, dividends will accrue on a floating rate basis equal to 3-month LIBOR plus a fixed spread.
2. Shares may be redeemed prior to our optional redemption date under certain circumstances intended to preserve our qualification as a REIT for U.S federal income tax purposes.
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At-the-Market Offering Program
We are authorized by our Board of Directors to enter into agreements with sales agents to publicly offer and sell shares of our common stock in privately negotiated and/or at-the-market transactions from time-to-time up to a maximum aggregate offering price of our common stock. As of June 30, 2021, shares of our common stock with an aggregate offering price of $1.25 billion remained authorized for issuance under this program through June 11, 2024. We did not issue shares under the program during the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Common Stock Repurchase Program
We are authorized by our Board of Directors to repurchase shares of our common stock in open market or through privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to a trading plan that may be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we repurchased 15.0 million shares, or $ 239 million, of our common stock for an average repurchase price of $ 16.00 per common share, inclusive of transaction costs and including amounts repurchased in December 2020 that settled in January 2021. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, we did not repurchase shares of our common stock. As of June 30, 2021, shares of our common stock with an aggregate repurchase price of $ 684 million remained authorized for repurchase through December 31, 2021.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table summarizes changes to accumulated OCI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Beginning Balance $ 482 $ 561 $ 719 $ 97
OCI before reclassifications
( 63 ) 242 ( 282 ) 707
Net loss amounts for available-for-sale securities reclassified from accumulated OCI to realized gain (loss) on sale of investment securities, net ( 14 ) ( 39 ) ( 32 ) ( 40 )
Ending Balance $ 405 $ 764 $ 405 $ 764

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is designed to provide a reader of AGNC Investment Corp.'s consolidated financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of management and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for quarterly period ended June 30, 2021. Our MD&A is presented in six sections:
• Executive Overview
• Financial Condition
• Results of Operations
• Liquidity and Capital Resources
• Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
• Forward-Looking Statements
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
We are a leading provider of private capital to the U.S. housing market, enhancing liquidity in the residential real estate mortgage markets and, in turn, facilitating home ownership in the U.S. We invest primarily in Agency residential mortgage-backed securities ("Agency RMBS") on a leveraged basis. These investments consist of residential mortgage pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations for which the principal and interest payments are guaranteed by a U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise, such as Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac," and together with Fannie Mae, the "GSEs"), or by a U.S. Government agency, such as Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae"). We may also invest in other assets related to the housing, mortgage or real estate markets that are not guaranteed by a GSE or U.S. Government agency.
We are internally managed with the principal objective of providing our stockholders with attractive risk-adjusted returns through a combination of monthly dividends and tangible net book value accretion. We generate income from the interest
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earned on our investments, net of associated borrowing and hedging costs, and net realized gains and losses on our investment and hedging activities. We fund our investments primarily through collateralized borrowings structured as repurchase agreements. We operate in a manner to qualify to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code.
The size and composition of our investment portfolio depends on the investment strategies we implement, availability of attractively priced investments, suitable financing to appropriately leverage our investment portfolio and overall market conditions. Market conditions are influenced by a variety of factors, including interest rates, prepayment expectations, liquidity, housing prices, unemployment rates, general economic conditions, government participation in the mortgage market, regulations and relative returns on other assets.

Trends and Recent Market Impacts
The positive trends that drove the strong performance of Agency RMBS in the first quarter of 2021 largely reversed in the second quarter. Agency RMBS spreads to swap and U.S. Treasury interest rate hedges, particularly longer-term hedges, widened in the second quarter as interest rates declined and the yield curve flattened. This spread widening coincided with stronger domestic economic data and higher inflation together with greater expectations that the Federal Reserve (the “Fed”) will communicate its plan to commence reducing its Agency RMBS asset purchases later this year. In addition, despite the increase in mortgage rates during the first quarter, prepayment speeds did not slow as expected in the second quarter. Faster prepayment speeds in the second quarter pressured higher coupon Agency RMBS valuations and largely reversed the significant outperformance of these coupons in the first quarter. As a result, AGNC’s economic return for the second quarter was negative 5.5%.
On a year-to-date basis, lower coupon RMBS modestly outperformed interest rate hedges, while very attractive implied TBA financing levels further benefited the earnings profile of these assets. Conversely, higher coupon RMBS modestly underperformed hedges due to elevated prepayment rates. Taken together, AGNC’s economic return for the first two quarters was 2.4% despite the significant quarter-to-quarter volatility.
During the second quarter, we continued to gradually reduce the size of our investment portfolio and operate at lower average leverage levels in anticipation of wider spreads as the Fed’s eventual announcement about its plans to taper its Agency RMBS purchases approaches. We reduced our investment portfolio by $2.8 billion during the second quarter, or by a total of $10.4 billion year-to-date. As of June 30, 2021, our investment portfolio totaled $87.5 billion, consisting of $58.1 billion Agency RMBS, $27.4 billion TBA securities, and $2.0 billion CRT and non-Agency securities, including forward starting non-Agency securities. Our average "at risk" leverage for the second quarter declined to 7.6x tangible net book value, compared to 8.0x for the first quarter. We ended the second quarter moderately higher at 7.9x, due to the decline in our tangible net book value.
Additionally, during the second quarter, we shifted the composition of our investment portfolio. Most notably, given the relative outperformance of our 15-year fix-rate Agency RMBS, we reduced our 15-year holdings by $6.8 billion and modestly increased our holdings of current coupon production 30-year Agency securities. As of June 30, 2021, our 30-year and 15-year fixed-rate Agency securities represented 87% and 7%, respectively, of our investment portfolio, compared to 80% and 15%, respectively, as of March 31, 2021. In addition, as of June 30, 2021, approximately 40% of our fixed-rate Agency securities were in higher coupon specified pools, with the balance primarily in lower coupon generic securities, largely unchanged from approximately 42% and 58%, respectively, as of the end of the first quarter. We believe our investment portfolio, which is well balanced between lower coupon TBA securities and higher coupon specified pools, positions AGNC well over a wide range of market scenarios.
Residential credit continued to benefit from strong fundamentals, materially outperforming Agency RMBS during the second quarter. Meanwhile, our credit holdings were largely unchanged during the quarter, as we found limited opportunities to make attractive investments given historically tight credit spreads to benchmark interest rates.
Our unencumbered cash and Agency RMBS during the second quarter, excluding both unencumbered credit assets and assets held at our broker-dealer subsidiary, remained very strong at $4.7 billion as of June 30, 2021, or 47% of our tangible equity, compared to $5.2 billion, or 48% of tangible equity, as of March 31, 2021.
Our investment portfolio had a weighted average CPR of 25.7% for the second quarter, compared to 24.6% for the prior quarter. The weighted average projected CPR for the remaining life of our Agency securities held as of June 30, 2021 increased to 11.6% from 11.3% as of March 31, 2021, as lower rates and moderately faster prepayment assumptions were largely offset by changes in portfolio composition.
During the second quarter, we rebalanced a portion of our hedge portfolio in response to lower rates and our somewhat smaller investment portfolio by reducing our longer-term U.S. Treasury hedge positions. As a result, our hedge portfolio totaled
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$74 billion at June 30, 2021, down $5 billion from the first quarter, while our interest rate hedge ratio remained largely unchanged at 97% of our funding liabilities. Our duration gap, which is a measure of the difference between the interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities, inclusive of our interest rate hedges, remained slightly positive at 0.3 years as of June 30, 2021, compared to 0.6 years as of March 31, 2021.
Net spread and dollar roll income (a non-GAAP measure) was $0.76 per diluted common share for the second quarter, unchanged from the first quarter, as favorable short-term funding, attractive TBA dollar roll opportunities, and stable hedging cost offset our smaller asset base. Our net spread and dollar roll income excludes “catch-up” premium amortization (cost)/benefit of $(0.13) and $0.40 per diluted common share for the second and first quarters, respectively, due to changes in CPR projections for securities acquired in prior quarters. (Please refer to Results of Operations below for further information regarding non-GAAP measures.)
At current valuation levels, we believe that the Agency investment risk-return backdrop is more balanced and that Agency RMBS remain attractive, particularly when compared on a relative value basis to other asset classes. Looking ahead, as the Fed moves closer to asset tapering, we believe some further spread widening and volatility are possible. In our view, this repricing is healthy for the Agency RMBS market over the longer-term. Although AGNC’s book value may be pressured in the short run, our lower leverage and strong liquidity position should provide us capacity to add investments opportunistically when expected return levels are more favorable and further improve our longer-term earnings potential. We thus expect that wider spreads will generally improve expected returns on new investments and enhance our value proposition over the long run.
25

Market Information
The following table summarizes interest rates and prices of generic fixed rate Agency RMBS as of each date presented below:
Interest Rate/Security Price 1
June 30, 2020 Sept. 30, 2020 Dec. 31, 2020 Mar. 31, 2021 June 30, 2021
June 30, 2021
vs
Mar. 31, 2021
June 30, 2021
vs
Dec. 31, 2020
Target Federal Funds Rate:
Target Federal Funds Rate - Upper Band
0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% — bps — bps
SOFR:
SOFR Rate 0.10% 0.08% 0.07% 0.01% 0.05% +4 bps -2 bps
SOFR Interest Rate Swap Rate:
2-Year Swap
0.00% 0.03% 0.06% 0.12% 0.19% +7 bps +13 bps
5-Year Swap
0.08% 0.13% 0.24% 0.82% 0.75% -7 bps +51 bps
10-Year Swap
0.38% 0.47% 0.71% 1.52% 1.19% -33 bps +48 bps
30-Year Swap
0.63% 0.86% 1.15% 1.92% 1.50% -42 bps +35 bps
U.S. Treasury Security Rate:
2-Year U.S. Treasury
0.15% 0.13% 0.12% 0.16% 0.25% +9 bps +13 bps
5-Year U.S. Treasury
0.29% 0.28% 0.36% 0.94% 0.89% -5 bps +53 bps
10-Year U.S. Treasury
0.66% 0.69% 0.92% 1.74% 1.47% -27 bps +55 bps
30-Year U.S. Treasury
1.41% 1.46% 1.65% 2.41% 2.09% -32 bps +44 bps
30-Year Fixed Rate Agency Price:
2.0% $102.33 $103.39 $103.88 $99.70 $101.09 +$1.39 -$2.79
2.5%
$104.26 $104.90 $105.41 $102.55 $103.48 +$0.93 -$1.93
3.0%
$105.33 $104.75 $104.77 $104.13 $104.27 +$0.14 -$0.50
3.5%
$105.18 $105.40 $105.66 $105.63 $105.28 -$0.35 -$0.38
4.0%
$105.98 $106.64 $106.78 $107.31 $106.53 -$0.78 -$0.25
4.5% $107.46 $108.16 $108.39 $108.91 $107.66 -$1.25 -$0.73
15-Year Fixed Rate Agency Price:
1.5% N/A $102.31 $102.89 $100.40 $101.23 +$0.83 -$1.66
2.0% $103.46 $103.95 $104.55 $102.61 $103.19 +$0.58 -$1.36
2.5%
$104.70 $104.44 $104.30 $104.06 $104.29 +$0.23 -$0.01
3.0%
$105.09 $104.94 $104.97 $105.59 $105.05 -$0.54 +$0.08
3.5%
$105.06 $105.81 $106.03 $106.69 $106.83 +$0.14 +$0.80
4.0%
$105.75 $106.15 $106.28 $106.34 $106.19 -$0.15 -$0.09
________________________________
1. Price information is for generic instruments only and is not reflective of our specific portfolio holdings. Price information is as of 3:00 p.m. (EST) on such date and can vary by source. Prices in the table above were obtained from Barclays. Interest and LIBOR rates were obtained from Bloomberg.

26

The following table summarizes mortgage rates and credit spreads as of each date presented below:
Mortgage Rate/Credit Spread June 30, 2020 Sept. 30, 2020 Dec. 31, 2020 Mar. 31, 2021 June 30, 2021
June 30, 2021
vs
Mar. 31, 2021
June 30, 2021
vs
Dec. 31, 2020
Mortgage Rate: 1
30 Yr PMMS 3.13% 2.90% 2.67% 3.17% 3.02% -15 bps +35 bps
30 Yr CC 1.62% 1.42% 1.34% 1.97% 1.87% -10 bps +53 bps
30 Yr P/S Spread 1.51% 1.48% 1.33% 1.20% 1.15% -5 bps -18 bps
Credit Spread (in bps): 2
CRT M2 520 302 216 235 179 -56 -37
CMBS AAA 113 86 66 69 65 -4 -1
CDX IG 76 59 50 54 48 -6 -2
________________________________

1. 30 Yr PMMS rates are sourced from Freddie Mac's weekly Primary Mortgage Market Survey of mortgage lenders; 30 Yr CC rates represent current coupon rates for new production Agency RMBS sourced from Bloomberg; and the 30 Yr P/S spreads represent the 30 Yr PMMS and CC primary to secondary market spread differential as of each date.
2. CRT and CMBS spreads are averages of JP Morgan, Bank of America and Wells Fargo. CRT spreads are discount margins. CMBS spreads are spreads to the swap curve. CDX spreads are sourced from JP Morgan.
27

FINANCIAL CONDITION
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our investment portfolio totaled $87.5 billion and $97.9 billion, respectively, consisting of: $59.8 billion and $66.4 billion investment securities, at fair value, respectively; $27.4 billion and $31.5 billion net TBA securities, at fair value, respectively; and $0.3 billion and zero forward settling non-Agency securities, at fair value, respectively. The following table is a summary of our investment portfolio as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Investment Portfolio (Includes TBAs) Amortized Cost Fair Value Average Coupon % Amortized Cost Fair Value Average Coupon %
Fixed rate Agency RMBS and TBA securities:
≤ 15-year:
≤ 15-year RMBS $ 5,433 $ 5,550 2.64 % 6 % $ 9,256 $ 9,482 2.48 % 10 %
15-year TBA securities, net 1
764 765 1.96 % 1 % 6,916 6,980 1.74 % 7 %
Total ≤ 15-year
6,197 6,315 2.55 % 7 % 16,172 16,462 2.16 % 17 %
20-year RMBS
2,537 2,549 2.47 % 3 % 2,409 2,470 2.58 % 3 %
30-year:
30-year RMBS 48,448 49,658 3.24 % 57 % 50,312 52,663 3.55 % 54 %
30-year TBA securities, net 1
26,543 26,621 2.51 % 30 % 24,288 24,499 2.05 % 25 %
Total 30-year
74,991 76,279 2.98 % 87 % 74,600 77,162 3.06 % 79 %
Total fixed rate Agency RMBS and TBA securities 83,725 85,143 2.93 % 97 % 93,181 96,094 2.89 % 98 %
Adjustable rate Agency RMBS 54 56 2.28 % — % 69 70 2.35 % — %
Multifamily — — — % — % 17 19 3.31 % — %
CMO Agency RMBS:
CMO 219 228 3.17 % — % 289 301 3.30 % 1 %
Interest-only strips 37 48 5.61 % — % 45 59 5.57 % — %
Principal-only strips 47 52 — % — % 60 67 — % — %
Total CMO Agency RMBS 303 328 4.10 % — % 394 427 4.10 % 1 %
Total Agency RMBS and TBA securities 84,082 85,527 2.94 % 98 % 93,661 96,610 2.90 % 99 %
Non-Agency RMBS 2
490 503 3.18 % 1 % 178 188 4.28 % — %
CMBS 336 353 3.69 % — % 333 358 4.13 % — %
CRT 1,081 1,105 3.58 % 1 % 733 737 3.43 % 1 %
Total investment portfolio $ 85,989 $ 87,488 2.95 % 100 % $ 94,905 $ 97,893 2.91 % 100 %
________________________________
1. TBA securities are presented net of long and short positions. For further details of our TBA securities refer to Note 5 of our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.
2. Includes $0.3 billion of forward settling non-Agency securities.
TBA and forward settling securities are recorded as derivative instruments in our accompanying consolidated financial statements, and our TBA dollar roll transactions represent a form of off-balance sheet financing. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our TBA position and forward settling securities had a net carrying value of $79 million and $275 million, respectively, reported in derivative assets /(liabilities) on our accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The net carrying value represents the difference between the fair value of the underlying security in the TBA contract or forward purchase agreement and the price to be paid or received for the underlying security.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the weighted average yield on our investment securities (excluding TBA and forward settling securities) was 2.42% and 2.33%, respectively.
28

The following tables summarize certain characteristics of our fixed rate Agency RMBS portfolio, inclusive of TBA securities, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
June 30, 2021
Includes Net TBA Position Excludes Net TBA Position
Fixed Rate Agency RMBS and TBA Securities Par Value Amortized
Cost 		Fair Value
Specified Pool % 1
Amortized
Cost Basis 		Weighted Average
Projected
CPR 3
WAC 2
Yield 3
Age (Months)
Fixed rate
≤ 15-year:
1.5% $ 1,377 $ 1,403 $ 1,394 —% 102.3% 2.29% 0.94% 7 12%
2.0% 1,378 1,428 1,423 5% 103.6% 2.60% 1.12% 7 12%
2.5% 676 709 709 52% 105.5% 3.03% 1.23% 21 12%
3.0% 995 1,011 1,055 94% 101.6% 3.55% 2.46% 50 15%
3.5% 1,041 1,062 1,122 100% 102.1% 4.03% 2.74% 46 17%
≥ 4.0% 567 584 612 92% 102.9% 4.61% 2.90% 45 18%
Total ≤ 15-year 6,034 6,197 6,315 49% 102.7% 3.25% 1.85% 28 14%
20-year:
2.0% 1,461 1,505 1,492 —% 103.0% 2.86% 1.46% 8 9%
2.5% 513 535 533 —% 104.2% 3.28% 1.58% 12 13%
3.0% 41 42 43 98% 103.3% 3.78% 2.18% 23 15%
3.5% 194 197 208 81% 101.8% 4.05% 2.95% 95 14%
≥ 4.0% 248 258 273 96% 104.0% 4.74% 3.08% 55 16%
Total 20-year: 2,457 2,537 2,549 19% 103.3% 3.25% 1.78% 20 11%
30-year:
2.0% 14,579 14,682 14,736 3% 100.8% 2.85% 1.88% 3 6%
2.5% 26,042 26,926 26,916 5% 105.2% 3.35% 1.76% 8 8%
3.0% 3,915 4,059 4,104 13% 102.9% 3.70% 2.41% 46 12%
3.5% 10,238 10,704 11,074 87% 104.5% 4.06% 2.60% 74 12%
4.0% 11,088 11,653 12,141 92% 105.1% 4.51% 2.85% 59 14%
≥ 4.5% 6,583 6,967 7,308 98% 105.8% 5.01% 3.11% 45 16%
Total 30-year 72,445 74,991 76,279 40% 103.9% 3.90% 2.45% 40 11%
Total fixed rate $ 80,936 $ 83,725 $ 85,143 40% 103.8% 3.81% 2.36% 38 12%
________________________________
1. Specified pools include pools backed by lower balance loans with original loan balances of up to $200K, HARP pools (defined as pools that were issued between May 2009 and December 2018 and backed by 100% refinance loans with original LTVs ≥ 80%), and pools backed by loans 100% originated in New York and Puerto Rico. As of June 30, 2021, lower balance specified pools had a weighted average original loan balance of $119,000 and $116,000 for 15-year and 30-year securities, respectively, and HARP pools had a weighted average original LTV of 127% and 138% for 15-year and 30-year securities, respectively.
2. WAC represents the weighted average coupon of the underlying collateral.
3. Portfolio yield incorporates a projected life CPR based on forward rate assumptions as of June 30, 2021.


29

December 31, 2020
Includes Net TBA Position Excludes Net TBA Position
Fixed Rate Agency RMBS and TBA Securities Par Value Amortized
Cost 		Fair Value
Specified Pool % 1
Amortized
Cost Basis 		Weighted Average
Projected
CPR 3
WAC 2
Yield 3
Age (Months)
Fixed rate
≤ 15-year:
1.5% $ 5,001 $ 5,107 $ 5,144 —% 102.4% 2.28% 0.91% 1 13%
2.0% 6,718 6,958 7,023 —% 103.8% 2.62% 1.01% 2 15%
2.5% 795 836 840 59% 105.5% 3.07% 1.10% 13 15%
3.0% 1,168 1,186 1,248 94% 101.5% 3.55% 2.46% 44 16%
3.5% 1,249 1,275 1,356 100% 102.1% 4.03% 2.75% 40 18%
≥ 4.0% 788 810 851 92% 102.8% 4.63% 2.92% 47 19%
Total ≤ 15-year
15,719 16,172 16,462 23% 103.1% 3.09% 1.59% 17 16%
20-year:
≤ 2.0% 1,168 1,202 1,215 —% 103.0% 2.87% 1.29% 3 15%
2.5% 597 620 630 —% 103.9% 3.28% 1.33% 6 20%
3.0% 48 50 52 98% 103.0% 3.78% 2.10% 17 19%
3.5% 226 230 246 81% 101.6% 4.05% 2.93% 89 18%
≥ 4.0% 296 307 327 96% 103.6% 4.73% 3.05% 48 20%
Total 20-year:
2,335 2,409 2,470 23% 103.2% 3.34% 1.70% 18 17%
30-year:
≤ 2.0% 23,805 24,445 24,628 —% 103.2% 2.89% 1.51% — 11%
2.5% 8,995 9,423 9,506 4% 105.2% 3.43% 1.35% 4 16%
3.0% 3,507 3,619 3,709 17% 102.9% 3.74% 2.03% 33 22%
3.5% 12,913 13,428 14,151 88% 104.0% 4.07% 2.48% 66 17%
4.0% 14,245 14,847 15,734 92% 104.2% 4.51% 2.81% 52 19%
≥ 4.5% 8,417 8,838 9,434 98% 105.0% 5.01% 3.04% 38 21%
Total 30-year
71,882 74,600 77,162 48% 104.3% 4.17% 2.43% 42 18%
Total fixed rate $ 89,936 $ 93,181 $ 96,094 43% 104.0% 3.98% 2.28% 37 18%
________________________________
1. See Note 1 of preceding table for specified pool composition. As of December 31, 2020, lower balance specified pools had a weighted average original loan balance of $117,000 and $117,000 for 15-year and 30-year securities, respectively, and HARP pools had a weighted average original LTV of 126% and 137% for 15-year and 30-year securities, respectively.
2. WAC represents the weighted average coupon of the underlying collateral.
3. Portfolio yield incorporates a projected life CPR based on forward rate assumptions as of December 31, 2020.
For additional details regarding our CRT and non-Agency securities, including credit ratings, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, please refer to Note 3 of our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to the results presented in accordance with GAAP, our results of operations discussed below include certain non-GAAP financial information, including "economic interest income," "economic interest expense," "net spread and dollar roll income," "net spread and dollar roll income, excluding 'catch-up' premium amortization," "estimated taxable income" and the related per common share measures and certain financial metrics derived from such non-GAAP information, such as "cost of funds" and "net interest spread."
"Economic interest income" is measured as interest income (GAAP measure), adjusted (i) to exclude "catch-up" premium amortization associated with changes in CPR estimates and (ii) to include TBA dollar roll implied interest income. "Economic interest expense" is measured as interest expense (GAAP measure) adjusted to include TBA dollar roll implied interest expense/(benefit) and interest rate swap periodic cost/(income). "Net spread and dollar roll income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization" includes (i) the components of economic interest income and economic interest expense and other interest and dividend income (referred to as "adjusted net interest and dollar roll income"), less (ii) total operating expenses (GAAP measure).
30

By providing such measures, in addition to the related GAAP measures, we believe we give greater transparency into the information used by our management in its financial and operational decision-making. We also believe it is important for users of our financial information to consider information related to our current financial performance without the effects of certain measures and one-time events that are not necessarily indicative of our current investment portfolio performance and operations.
Specifically, in the case of "adjusted net interest and dollar roll income," we believe the inclusion of TBA dollar roll income is meaningful as TBAs, which are accounted for under GAAP as derivative instruments with gains and losses recognized in other gain (loss) in our consolidated statement of comprehensive income, are economically equivalent to holding and financing generic Agency RMBS using short-term repurchase agreements. Similarly, we believe that the inclusion of periodic interest rate swap settlements in "economic interest expense" is meaningful as interest rate swaps are the primary instrument we use to economically hedge against fluctuations in our borrowing costs and it is more indicative of our total cost of funds than interest expense alone. In the case of "economic interest income" and "net spread and dollar roll income, excluding 'catch-up' premium amortization," we believe the exclusion of "catch-up" adjustments to premium amortization cost or benefit is meaningful as it excludes the cumulative effect from prior reporting periods due to current changes in future prepayment expectations and, therefore, exclusion of such cost or benefit is more indicative of the current earnings potential of our investment portfolio. In the case of estimated taxable income, we believe it is meaningful information because it directly relates to the amount of dividends that we are required to distribute to maintain our REIT qualification status.
However, because such measures are incomplete measures of our financial performance and involve differences from results computed in accordance with GAAP, they should be considered as supplementary to, and not as a substitute for, results computed in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because not all companies use identical calculations, our presentation of such non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to other similarly-titled measures of other companies. Furthermore, estimated taxable income can include certain information that is subject to potential adjustments up to the time of filing our income tax returns, which occurs after the end of our fiscal year.
Selected Financial Data

The following selected financial data is derived from our interim consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. The tables below present our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income and key statistics for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions, except per share amounts):
June 30,
December 31,
Balance Sheet Data
2021
2020
(Unaudited)
Investment securities, at fair value $ 59,799 $ 66,414
Total assets $ 75,055 $ 81,817
Repurchase agreements and other debt $ 48,885 $ 52,543
Total liabilities $ 64,387 $ 70,738
Total stockholders' equity $ 10,668 $ 11,079
Net book value per common share 1
$ 17.39 $ 17.68
Tangible net book value per common share 2
$ 16.39 $ 16.71
31

Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Statement of Comprehensive Income Data (Unaudited)
2021 2020 2021 2020
Interest income $ 249 $ 429 $ 806 $ 920
Interest expense 17 134 46 560
Net interest income 232 295 760 360
Other gain (loss), net (621) 447 (150) (2,016)
Operating expenses 22 24 46 47
Net income (loss) (411) 718 564 (1,703)
Dividends on preferred stock 25 25 50 46
Net income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders $ (436) $ 693 $ 514 $ (1,749)
Net income (loss) $ (411) $ 718 $ 564 $ (1,703)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net (77) 203 (314) 667
Comprehensive income (loss) (488) 921 250 (1,036)
Dividends on preferred stock 25 25 50 46
Comprehensive income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders $ (513) $ 896 $ 200 $ (1,082)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic 526.6 560.3 530.1 554.2
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted 526.6 560.8 531.9 554.2
Net income (loss) per common share - basic $ (0.83) $ 1.24 $ 0.97 $ (3.16)
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted $ (0.83) $ 1.24 $ 0.97 $ (3.16)
Comprehensive income (loss) per common share - basic $ (0.97) $ 1.60 $ 0.38 $ (1.95)
Comprehensive income (loss) per common share - diluted $ (0.97) $ 1.60 $ 0.38 $ (1.95)
Dividends declared per common share $ 0.36 $ 0.36 $ 0.72 $ 0.84
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Other Data (Unaudited) * 2021 2020 2021 2020
Average investment securities - at par $ 55,246 $ 68,994 $ 55,944 $ 81,964
Average investment securities - at cost $ 57,420 $ 71,787 $ 58,073 $ 84,840
Average net TBA portfolio - at cost $ 28,082 $ 15,662 $ 30,041 $ 11,575
Average total assets - at fair value $ 77,502 $ 86,851 $ 78,345 $ 100,392
Average repurchase agreements and other debt outstanding 3
$ 52,374 $ 69,552 $ 53,482 $ 81,545
Average stockholders' equity 4
$ 11,103 $ 10,262 $ 11,185 $ 10,598
Average tangible net book value "at risk" leverage 5
7.6:1 8.8:1 7.8:1 9.2:1
Tangible net book value "at risk" leverage (as of period end) 6
7.9:1 9.2:1 7.9:1 9.2:1
Economic return on tangible common equity - unannualized 7
(5.5) % 12.2 % 2.4 % (10.8) %
Expenses % of average total assets - annualized 0.11 % 0.11 % 0.12 % 0.09 %
Expenses % of average assets, including average net TBA position - annualized 0.08 % 0.09 % 0.08 % 0.08 %
Expenses % of average stockholders' equity - annualized 0.79 % 0.94 % 0.82 % 0.89 %
________________________________
* Except as noted below, average numbers for each period are weighted based on days on our books and records.
1. Net book value per common share is calculated as total stockholders' equity, less preferred stock liquidation preference, divided by number of common shares outstanding as of period end.
2. Tangible net book value per common share excludes goodwill.
3. Amount excludes U.S. Treasury repurchase agreements and TBA contracts. Other debt includes debt of consolidated VIEs.
4. Average stockholders' equity calculated as average month-ended stockholders' equity during the period.
5. Average tangible net book value "at risk" leverage is calculated by dividing the sum of daily weighted average repurchase agreements used to fund our investment securities, other debt, and TBA and forward settling securities (at cost) (together "mortgage borrowings") outstanding for the period by the sum of average stockholders' equity adjusted to exclude goodwill for the period. Leverage excludes U.S. Treasury repurchase agreements.
6. Tangible net book value "At risk" leverage as of period end is calculated by dividing the sum of mortgage borrowings outstanding and receivable/payable for unsettled investment securities as of period end (at cost) by the sum of total stockholders' equity adjusted to exclude goodwill as of period end. Leverage excludes U.S. Treasury repurchase agreements.
7. Economic return on tangible common equity represents the sum of the change in tangible net book value per common share and dividends declared per share of common stock during the period over beginning tangible net book value per common share.
32

Economic Interest Income and Asset Yields
The following table summarizes our economic interest income (a non-GAAP measure) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, which includes the combination of interest income (a GAAP measure) on our holdings reported as investment securities on our consolidated balance sheets, adjusted to exclude estimated "catch-up" premium amortization adjustments for the cumulative effect from prior reporting periods of changes in our CPR forecast, and implied interest income on our TBA securities (dollars in millions):
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Amount Yield Amount Yield Amount Yield Amount Yield
Interest income:
Cash/coupon interest income
$ 453 3.28 % $ 652 3.77 % $ 934 3.34 % $ 1,527 3.72 %
Net premium amortization benefit (cost) (204) (1.55) % (223) (1.38) % (128) (0.56) % (607) (1.55) %
Interest income (GAAP measure) 249 1.73 % 429 2.39 % 806 2.78 % 920 2.17 %
Estimated "catch-up" premium amortization cost (benefit) due to change in CPR forecast 71 0.50 % 57 0.32 % (142) (0.49) % 300 0.71 %
Interest income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization 320 2.23 % 486 2.71 % 664 2.29 % 1,220 2.88 %
TBA dollar roll income - implied interest income 1,2
139 1.98 % 74 1.90 % 255 1.69 % 122 2.11 %
Economic interest income, excluding "catch-up" amortization (non-GAAP measure) 3
$ 459 2.15 % $ 560 2.56 % $ 919 2.08 % $ 1,342 2.78 %
Weighted average actual portfolio CPR for investment securities held during the period 25.7 % 19.9 % 25.2 % 15.4 %
Weighted average projected CPR for the remaining life of investment securities held as of period end 11.6 % 16.6 % 11.6 % 16.6 %
Average 30-year fixed rate mortgage rate as of period end 4
3.02 % 3.13 % 3.02 % 3.13 %
10-year U.S. Treasury rate as of period end 1.47 % 0.66 % 1.47 % 0.66 %
________________________________
1. Reported in gain (loss) on derivatives instruments and other securities, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
2. Implied interest income from TBA dollar roll transactions is computed as the sum of (i) TBA dollar roll income and (ii) estimated TBA implied funding cost (see Economic Interest Expense and Aggregate Cost of Funds below). TBA dollar roll income represents the price differential, or "price drop," between the TBA price for current month settlement versus the TBA price for forward month settlement and is the economic equivalent to interest income on the underlying Agency securities, less an implied funding cost, over the forward settlement period. Amount is net of TBAs used for hedging purposes. Amount excludes TBA mark-to-market adjustments.
3. The combined asset yield is calculated on a weighted average basis based on our average investment and TBA balances outstanding during the period and their respective yields.
4. Source: Freddie Mac Primary Fixed Mortgage Rate Mortgage Market Survey
The principal elements impacting our economic interest income are the size of our average investment portfolio and the yield (actual and implied) on our securities. The following table includes a summary of the estimated impact of each of these elements on our economic interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the prior year period (in millions):
33

Impact of Changes in the Principal Elements Impacting Economic Interest Income
Periods ended June 30, 2021 vs. June 30, 2020
Due to Change in Average
Total Increase /
(Decrease) 		Portfolio
Size 		Asset
Yield
Three months ended:
Interest Income (GAAP measure) $ (180) $ (86) $ (94)
Estimated "catch-up" premium amortization due to change in CPR forecast 14 — 14
Interest income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization (166) (86) (80)
TBA dollar roll income - implied interest income 65 59 6
Economic interest income, excluding "catch-up" amortization (non-GAAP measure) $ (101) $ (27) $ (74)
Due to Change in Average
Six months ended:
Total Increase /
(Decrease) 		Portfolio
Size 		Asset
Yield
Interest Income (GAAP measure) $ (114) $ (290) $ 176
Estimated "catch-up" premium amortization due to change in CPR forecast (442) — (442)
Interest income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization (556) (290) (266)
TBA dollar roll income - implied interest income 133 194 (61)
Economic interest income, excluding "catch-up" amortization (non-GAAP measure) $ (423) $ (96) $ (327)
Our average investment portfolio, inclusive of TBAs (at cost), decreased 2% and 9% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the prior year period, primarily due to lower operating leverage and a decline in our average stockholders' equity. The decrease in the average yield on our investment portfolio, including TBA implied asset yields and excluding "catch-up" premium amortization on our investment securities, of 41 basis points and 64 basis points for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the prior year period, was largely due to changes in asset composition and lower prevailing yields on new asset purchases.
Leverage
Our primary measure of leverage is our tangible net book value "at risk" leverage ratio, which is measured as the sum of our repurchase agreements and other debt used to fund our investment securities and net TBA and forward settling securities position (at cost) (together referred to as "mortgage borrowings") and our net receivable/payable for unsettled investment securities, divided by our total stockholders' equity adjusted to exclude goodwill.
We include our net TBA position in our measure of leverage because a forward contract to acquire Agency RMBS in the TBA market carries similar risks to Agency RMBS purchased in the cash market and funded with on-balance sheet liabilities. Similarly, a TBA contract for the forward sale of Agency securities has substantially the same effect as selling the underlying Agency RMBS and reducing our on-balance sheet funding commitments. (Refer to Liquidity and Capital Resources for further discussion of TBA securities and dollar roll transactions). Repurchase agreements used to fund short-term investments in U.S. Treasury securities ("U.S. Treasury repo") are excluded from our measure of leverage due to the temporary and highly liquid nature of these investments. The following table presents a summary of our leverage ratios for the periods listed (dollars in millions):
Repurchase Agreements
and Other Debt 1
Net TBA Position
Long/(Short) 2
Average Tangible Net Book Value
"At Risk" Leverage during the Period 3
Tangible Net Book Value "At Risk" Leverage
as of
Period End 4
Quarter Ended Average Daily
Amount 		Maximum
Daily Amount 		Ending
Amount 		Average Daily
Amount 		Ending
Amount
June 30, 2021 $ 52,374 $ 60,186 $ 48,488 $ 28,082 $ 27,611 7.6:1 7.9:1
March 31, 2021 $ 54,602 $ 57,153 $ 55,221 $ 32,022 $ 25,355 8.0:1 7.7:1
December 31, 2020 $ 53,645 $ 55,249 $ 52,543 $ 33,753 $ 31,204 8.4:1 8.5:1
September 30, 2020 $ 61,008 $ 69,628 $ 54,558 $ 27,785 $ 29,460 8.9:1 8.8:1
June 30, 2020 $ 69,552 $ 72,399 $ 69,370 $ 15,662 $ 20,413 8.8:1 9.2:1
March 31, 2020 $ 93,538 $ 104,773 $ 63,241 $ 7,487 $ 20,648 9.9:1 9.4:1
________________________________
1. Other debt includes debt of consolidated VIEs. Amounts exclude U.S. Treasury repo agreements.
2. Daily average and ending net TBA position outstanding measured at cost.
3. Average tangible net book value "at risk" leverage during the period represents the sum of our daily weighted average repurchase agreements and other debt used to fund acquisitions of investment securities and net TBA and forward settling securities position outstanding, divided by the sum of our average month-ended stockholders' equity, adjusted to exclude goodwill.
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4. Tangible net book value "at risk" leverage as of period end represents the sum of our repurchase agreements and other debt used to fund acquisitions of investments securities, net TBA and forward settling securities position (at cost), and net receivable/payable for unsettled investment securities outstanding as of period end, divided by total stockholders' equity, adjusted to exclude goodwill as of period end.
Economic Interest Expense and Aggregate Cost of Funds
The following table summarizes our economic interest expense and aggregate cost of funds (non-GAAP measures) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in millions), which includes the combination of interest expense on Agency repurchase agreements and other debt (GAAP measure), implied financing cost (benefit) of our TBA securities and interest rate swap periodic interest cost (income):
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Economic Interest Expense and Aggregate Cost of Funds 1
Amount Cost of Funds Amount Cost of Funds Amount Cost of Funds Amount Cost of Funds
Repurchase agreement and other debt - interest expense (GAAP measure) $ 17 0.13 % $ 134 0.76 % $ 46 0.17 % $ 560 1.36 %
TBA dollar roll income - implied interest expense (benefit) 2,3
(23) (0.33) % (4) (0.09) % (61) (0.41) % 28 0.48 %
Economic interest expense - before interest rate swap periodic cost (income), net 4
(6) (0.03) % 130 0.61 % (15) (0.04) % 588 1.25 %
Interest rate swap periodic interest expense 2,5
19 0.09 % 59 0.27 % 31 0.07 % 28 0.06 %
Total economic interest expense (non-GAAP measure)
$ 13 0.06 % $ 189 0.88 % $ 16 0.03 % $ 616 1.31 %
________________________________
1. Amounts exclude interest rate swap termination fees and variation margin settlements paid or received, forward starting swaps and the impact of other supplemental hedges, such as swaptions and U.S. Treasury positions.
2. Reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
3. The implied funding cost (benefit) of TBA dollar roll transactions is determined using the price differential, or "price drop," between the TBA price for current month settlement versus the TBA price for forward month settlement and market based assumptions regarding the "cheapest-to-deliver" collateral that can be delivered to satisfy the TBA contract, such as the anticipated collateral’s weighted average coupon, weighted average maturity and projected 1-month CPR. The average implied funding cost (benefit) for all TBA transactions is weighted based on our daily average TBA balance outstanding for the period.
4. The combined cost of funds for total mortgage borrowings outstanding, before interest rate swap costs, is calculated on a weighted average basis based on average repo, other debt and TBA balances outstanding during the period and their respective cost of funds.
5. Interest rate swap periodic interest expense is measured as a percent of average mortgage borrowings outstanding for the period.

The principal elements impacting our economic interest expense are (i) the size of our average mortgage borrowings and interest rate swap portfolio outstanding during the period, (ii) the average interest rate (actual and implied) on our mortgage borrowings and (iii) the average net interest rate paid/received on our interest rate swaps. The following table includes a summary of the estimated impact of these elements on our economic interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the prior year period (in millions):
Impact of Changes in the Principal Elements of Economic Interest Expense
Periods ended June 30, 2021 vs. June 30, 2020
Due to Change in Average
Total Increase / (Decrease) Borrowing / Swap Balance Borrowing / Swap Rate
Three months ended:
Repurchase agreements and other debt interest expense $ (117) $ (33) $ (84)
TBA dollar roll income - implied interest benefit/expense (19) (3) (16)
Interest rate swap periodic interest expense (40) 7 (47)
Total change in economic interest expense $ (176) $ (29) $ (147)
Due to Change in Average
Six months ended:
Total Increase / (Decrease) Borrowing / Swap Balance Borrowing / Swap Rate
Repurchase agreements and other debt interest expense $ (514) $ (193) $ (321)
TBA dollar roll income - implied interest expense (89) 44 (133)
Interest rate swap periodic interest expense 3 (5) 8
Total change in economic interest expense $ (600) $ (154) $ (446)
Our average mortgage borrowings, inclusive of TBAs, decreased 6% and 10% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the prior year period, consistent with the decline in our average investment portfolio. The decline in the average interest rate (actual and implied) on our mortgage borrowings for the three and six months ended June 30,
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2021 of 82 basis points and 128 basis points, respectively, was due to the combination of lower short-term interest rates and favorable technical supply and demand factors in the repo and TBA dollar roll markets.
The change in our interest rate swap periodic cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was due to the combination of the change in our average swap balance outstanding and the change in the average fixed rate paid and floating rate received on our interest rate swaps as compared to the prior year periods. The following is a summary of each of these factors for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the prior year periods (dollars in millions):
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Average Ratio of Interest Rate Swaps (Excluding Forward Starting Swaps) to Mortgage Borrowings Outstanding 2021 2020 2021 2020
Average Agency repo and other debt outstanding
$ 52,374 $ 69,552 $ 53,482 $ 81,545
Average net TBA portfolio outstanding - at cost
$ 28,082 $ 15,662 $ 30,041 $ 11,575
Average mortgage borrowings outstanding
$ 80,456 $ 85,214 $ 83,523 $ 93,120
Average notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding (excluding forward starting swaps)
$ 49,725 $ 44,173 $ 47,480 $ 57,916
Ratio of average interest rate swaps to mortgage borrowings outstanding
62 % 52 % 57 % 62 %
Average interest rate swap pay-fixed rate (excluding forward starting swaps) 0.18 % 0.65 % 0.17 % 1.00 %
Average interest rate swap receive-floating rate
(0.03) % (0.11) % (0.04) % (0.90) %
Average interest rate swap net pay/(receive) rate
0.15 % 0.54 % 0.13 % 0.10 %
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, we had a forward starting swap average balance of zero and $0.1 billion, respectively, and, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, an average balance of $0.9 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. Forward starting interest rate swaps do not impact our economic interest expense and aggregate cost of funds until they commence accruing net interest settlements on their forward start dates. Including forward starting swaps, our average ratio of interest rate swaps outstanding to our average mortgage borrowings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was 62% and 57%, respectively, and 53% and 63% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.
Net Interest Spread
The following table presents a summary of our net interest spread (including the impact of TBA dollar roll income, interest rate swaps and excluding "catch-up" premium amortization) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Investment and TBA Securities - Net Interest Spread 2021 2020 2021 2020
Average asset yield, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization 2.15 % 2.56 % 2.08 % 2.78 %
Average aggregate cost of funds (0.06) % (0.88) % (0.03) % (1.31) %
Average net interest spread, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization 2.09 % 1.68 % 2.05 % 1.47 %
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Net Spread and Dollar Roll Income
The following table presents a summary of our net spread and dollar roll income, excluding estimated "catch-up" premium amortization, per diluted common share (a non-GAAP financial measure) and a reconciliation to our net interest income (the most comparable GAAP financial measure) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in millions):
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Net interest income (GAAP measure) $ 232 $ 295 $ 760 $ 360
TBA dollar roll income, net 1
162 78 316 94
Interest rate swap periodic cost, net 1
(19) (59) (31) (28)
Other interest and dividend income 1
— 1 — 3
Adjusted net interest and dollar roll income 375 315 1,045 429
Operating expense (22) (24) (46) (47)
Net spread and dollar roll income 353 291 999 382
Dividend on preferred stock 25 25 50 46
Net spread and dollar roll income available to common stockholders (non-GAAP measure) 328 266 949 336
Estimated "catch-up" premium amortization cost (benefit) due to change in CPR forecast 71 57 (142) 300
Net spread and dollar roll income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization, available to common stockholders (non-GAAP measure) $ 399 $ 323 $ 807 $ 636
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic 526.6 560.3 530.1 554.2
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted 528.3 560.8 531.9 555.0
Net spread and dollar roll income per common share - basic $ 0.62 $ 0.47 $ 1.79 $ 0.61
Net spread and dollar roll income per common share - diluted $ 0.62 $ 0.47 $ 1.78 $ 0.61
Net spread and dollar roll income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization, per common share - basic $ 0.76 $ 0.58 $ 1.52 $ 1.15
Net spread and dollar roll income, excluding "catch-up" premium amortization, per common share - diluted $ 0.76 $ 0.58 $ 1.52 $ 1.15
________________________________
1. Reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income
Gain (Loss) on Investment Securities, Net
The following table is a summary of our net gain (loss) on investment securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Gain (Loss) on Investment Securities, Net 1
2021 2020 2021 2020
Gain on sale of investment securities, net $ 25 $ 153 $ 12 $ 647
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securities measured at fair value through net income, net 2
(28) 679 (983) 876
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, net (77) 203 (314) 667
Total gain (loss) on investment securities, net $ (80) $ 1,035 $ (1,285) $ 2,190
________________________________
1. Amounts exclude gain (loss) on TBA securities, which are reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
2. Investment securities acquired after fiscal year 2016 are measured at fair value through net income (see Note 2 of our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q).
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Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments and Other Securities, Net
The following table is a summary of our gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions):
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
TBA securities, dollar roll income $ 162 $ 78 $ 316 $ 94
TBA securities, mark-to-market gain/(loss) 234 142 (846) 819
Interest rate swaps, periodic cost (19) (59) (31) (28)
Interest rate swaps, mark-to-market gain/(loss) (381) (320) 755 (3,146)
Payer swaptions (313) (14) 74 (148)
U.S. Treasury securities - short position (333) (60) 474 (997)
U.S. Treasury securities - long position (1) 4 (11) 101
U.S. Treasury futures contracts - short position (29) (8) 32 (112)
Other 62 (148) 58 (122)
Total gain (loss) on derivative instruments and other securities, net $ (618) $ (385) $ 821 $ (3,539)
For further details regarding our use of derivative instruments and related activity refer to Notes 2 and 5 of our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.
Estimated Taxable Income (Loss)
For the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, we had estimated taxable loss attributable to common stockholders of $(158) million and $(4) million, respectively, or $(0.30) and $(0.01) per diluted common share, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, we had estimated taxable income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders of $(322) million and $107 million, respectively, or $(0.61) and $0.19 per diluted common share, respectively. Income determined under GAAP differs from income determined under U.S. federal income tax rules because of both temporary and permanent differences in income and expense recognition. The primary differences are (i) unrealized gains and losses on investment securities and derivative instruments marked-to-market in current income for GAAP purposes, but excluded from taxable income until realized, settled or amortized over the instrument's original term, (ii) timing differences, both temporary and potentially permanent, in the recognition of certain realized gains and losses and (iii) temporary differences related to the amortization of premiums and discounts on investments. Furthermore, our estimated taxable income is subject to potential adjustments up to the time of filing our appropriate tax returns, which occurs after the end of our fiscal year. The following is a reconciliation of our GAAP net income to our estimated taxable income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in millions, except per share amounts):
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Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months EndedJune 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Net income/(loss) $ (411) $ 718 $ 564 $ (1,703)
Book to tax differences:
Premium amortization, net 1 22 (268) 259
Realized gain/loss, net 43 — (1,451) 2,555
Net capital loss/(utilization of net capital loss carryforward) 52 (426) 141 (394)
Unrealized (gain)/loss, net 152 (291) 697 (554)
Other 5 (2) (5) (10)
Total book to tax differences 253 (697) (886) 1,856
REIT taxable income (loss) (158) 21 (322) 153
REIT taxable income attributed to preferred stock — 25 — 46
REIT taxable income (loss), attributed to common stock $ (158) $ (4) $ (322) $ 107
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic 526.6 560.3 530.1 554.2
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted 526.6 560.3 530.1 555.0
REIT taxable income (loss) per common share - basic $ (0.30) $ (0.01) $ (0.61) $ 0.19
REIT taxable income (loss) per common share - diluted $ (0.30) $ (0.01) $ (0.61) $ 0.19
Beginning net capital loss carryforward $ 89 $ 426 $ — $ 394
Increase (decrease) in net capital loss carryforward 52 (426) 141 (394)
Ending net capital loss carryforward $ 141 $ — $ 141 $ —
Ending net capital loss carryforward per common share $ 0.27 $ — $ 0.27 $ —
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our business is dependent on our ability to maintain adequate levels of liquidity and capital resources to fund day-to-day operations, fulfill collateral requirements under our funding and derivative agreements, and to satisfy our dividend distribution requirement of at least 90% of our taxable income to maintain our qualification as a REIT. Our primary sources of liquidity are unencumbered cash and securities, borrowings available under repurchase agreements, TBA dollar roll financing and monthly receipts of principal and interest payments. We may also conduct asset sales, change our asset or funding mix, issue equity or undertake other capital enhancing actions to maintain adequate levels of liquidity and capital resources.
We believe that we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources available to meet our obligations and execute our business strategy. In assessing our liquidity, we consider a number of factors, including our current leverage, collateral levels, access to capital markets, overall market conditions, and the sensitivity of our tangible net book value over a range of scenarios. However, these and other factors impacting our liquidity are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including as described in the Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures of Market Risks and Risk Factors sections of this Form 10-Q.
Leverage and Financing Sources
Our leverage will vary depending on market conditions and our assessment of relative risks and returns, but we generally expect our leverage to be between six and twelve times the amount of our tangible stockholders' equity, measured as the sum of our total mortgage borrowings and net payable / (receivable) for unsettled investment securities, divided by the sum of our total stockholders' equity adjusted to exclude goodwill. Our tangible net book value "at risk" leverage ratio was 7.9x and 8.5x as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following table includes a summary of our mortgage borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions). For additional details of our mortgage borrowings refer to Notes 2, 4 and 5 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Mortgage Borrowings Amount % Amount %
Repurchase agreements 1
$ 48,340 64 % $ 52,366 63 %
Debt of consolidated variable interest entities, at fair value 148 — % 177 — %
Total debt 48,488 64 % 52,543 63 %
Net TBA position, at cost 27,307 36 % 31,204 37 %
Total mortgage borrowings $ 75,795 100 % $ 83,747 100 %
________________________________
1. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 43% and 46%, respectively, of our repurchase agreements were funded through the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation's GCF Repo service.
Our primary financing sources are collateralized borrowings structured as repurchase agreements. We enter into repurchase agreements, or "repo," through bi-lateral arrangements with financial institutions and independent dealers. We also enter into third-party repurchase agreements through our wholly-owned registered broker-dealer subsidiary, Bethesda Securities, LLC, such as tri-party repo offered through the FICC's GCF Repo service. We manage our repurchase agreement funding position through a variety of methods, including diversification of counterparties, maintaining a staggered maturity profile and utilization of interest rate hedging strategies. We also use TBA dollar roll transactions as a means of synthetically financing Agency RMBS.
The terms and conditions of our repurchase agreements are determined on a transaction-by-transaction basis when each such borrowing is initiated or renewed and, in the case of GCF Repo, by the variable margin requirements calculated by the FICC, which acts as the central counterparty. The amount borrowed is generally equal to the fair value of the securities pledged, as determined by the lending counterparty, less an agreed-upon discount, referred to as a "haircut," which reflects the underlying risk of the specific collateral and protects the counterparty against a change in its value. Interest rates are generally fixed based on prevailing rates corresponding to the term of the borrowing. None of our repo counterparties are obligated to renew or otherwise enter into new borrowings at the conclusion of our existing borrowings.
The use of TBA dollar roll transactions increases our funding diversification, expands our available pool of assets, and increases our overall liquidity position, as TBA contracts typically have lower implied haircuts relative to Agency RMBS pools funded with repo financing. However, if it were to become uneconomical to roll our TBA contracts into future months it may be necessary to take physical delivery of the underlying securities and fund those assets with cash or other financing sources, which could reduce our liquidity position.
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Collateral Requirements and Unencumbered Assets
Amounts available to be borrowed under our repurchase agreements are dependent upon prevailing interest rates, the lender’s "haircut" requirements and collateral value. Each of these elements may fluctuate with changes in interest rates, credit quality and liquidity conditions within the financial markets. To help manage the adverse impact of interest rate changes on our borrowings, we utilize an interest rate risk management strategy involving the use of derivative financial instruments. In particular, we attempt to mitigate the risk of the cost of our short-term funding liabilities increasing at a faster rate than the earnings of our long-term fixed rate assets during a period of rising interest rates.
The collateral requirements, or haircut levels, under our repo agreements are typically determined on an individual transaction basis or by the prevailing requirements established by the FICC for GCF tri-party repo. Consequently, haircut levels and minimum margin requirements can change over time and may increase during periods of elevated market volatility. If the fair value of our collateral declines, our counterparties will typically require that we post additional collateral to re-establish the agreed-upon collateral levels, referred to as "margin calls." Similarly, if the estimated fair value of our investment securities increases, we may request that counterparties release collateral back to us. Our counterparties typically have the sole discretion to determine the value of pledged collateral but are required to act in good faith in making determinations of value. Our agreements generally provide that in the event of a margin call, collateral must be posted on the same business day, subject to notice requirements. As of June 30, 2021, we had met all our margin requirements.
The value of Agency RMBS collateral is impacted by market factors and is reduced by monthly principal pay-downs on the underlying mortgage pools. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac publish monthly security pay-down factors for their mortgage pools on the fifth day after month-end, but do not remit payment to security holders until generally the 25th day after month-end. Bi-lateral repo counterparties assess margin to account for the reduction in value of Agency collateral when factors are released. The FICC assesses margin on the last day of each month, prior to the factor release date, based on its internally projected pay-down rates (referred to as the "blackout period exposure adjustment" or "blackout margin"). On the factor release date, the blackout margin is released and collateralization requirements are adjusted to actual factor data. Due to the timing difference between associated margin calls and our receipt of principal pay-downs, our liquidity is temporarily reduced each month for principal repayments. We attempt to manage the liquidity risk associated with principal pay-downs by monitoring conditions impacting prepayment rates and through asset selection. As of June 30, 2021, our portfolio largely consisted of lower coupon 30 and 15-year TBA securities, which are not subject to monthly principal pay-downs, and higher coupon holdings concentrated in high quality, specified Agency RMBS pools, which have a lower risk of prepayment than similar coupon generic Agency RMBS.
Collateral requirements under our derivative agreements are subject to our counterparties' assessment of their maximum risk of loss associated with the derivative instrument measured over a certain period of time, referred to as the initial or minimum margin requirement. We are also subject to daily variation margin requirements based on changes in the value of the derivative instrument and/or collateral pledged. Daily variation margin requirements also entitle us to receive collateral if the value of amounts owed to us under the derivative agreement exceeds the minimum margin requirement. The collateral requirements under our TBA contracts are governed by the Mortgage-Backed Securities Division ("MBSD") of the FICC and, if applicable, by our third-party brokerage agreements, which may establish margin levels in excess of the MBSD. Collateral levels for interest rate derivative agreements are typically governed by the central clearing exchange and the associated futures commission merchants ("FCMs"), which may establish margin levels in excess of the clearing exchange. Collateral levels for interest rate derivative agreements not subject to central clearing are established by the counterparty financial institution.
Haircut levels and minimum margin requirements imposed by our counterparties reduce the amount of our unencumbered assets and limit the amount we can borrow against our investment securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, haircuts remained stable, and, as of June 30, 2021, the weighted average haircut on our repurchase agreements was approximately 4.1% of the value of our collateral, compared to 4.6% as of December 31, 2020.
To mitigate the risk of future margins calls, we seek to maintain excess liquidity by holding unencumbered liquid assets that can be used to satisfy collateral requirements, collateralize additional borrowings or sold for cash. As of June 30, 2021, our unencumbered assets totaled 62% of our tangible net equity, compared to 60% as of December 31, 2020. The majority of our liquidity is held at AGNC, but we also maintain capital and excess liquidity at Bethesda Securities to meet regulatory standards, satisfy counterparty and clearing organization expectations, and for risk management purposes. As of June 30, 2021, we had cash and unencumbered Agency RMBS and U.S. Treasury securities totaling $4.7 billion, or 47% of our tangible equity, which excludes unencumbered CRT securities, non-Agency securities and assets held at Bethesda Securities, compared to $5.4 billion and 51%, respectively, as of December 31, 2020.
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Counterparty Risk
Collateral requirements imposed by counterparties subject us to the risk that the counterparty does not return pledged assets to us as and when required. We attempt to manage this risk by monitoring our collateral positions and limiting our counterparties to registered clearinghouses and major financial institutions with acceptable credit ratings. We also diversify our funding across multiple counterparties and by region.
As of June 30, 2021, our maximum amount at risk (or the excess/shortfall of the value of collateral pledged/received over our repurchase agreement liabilities/reverse repurchase agreement receivables) with any of our repurchase agreement counterparties, excluding the FICC, was less than 2% of our tangible stockholders' equity, with our top five repo counterparties, excluding the FICC, representing less than 5% of our tangible stockholders' equity. As of June 30, 2021, approximately 8% of our tangible stockholder's equity was at risk with the FICC. Excluding central clearing exchanges, as of June 30, 2021, our amount at risk with any counterparty to our derivative agreements was less than 1% of our stockholders' equity.
Asset Sales
Agency RMBS securities are among the most liquid fixed income securities, and the TBA market is the second most liquid market (after the U.S. Treasury market). The vitality of these markets enables us to sell assets under most market conditions to generate liquidity through direct sales or delivery into TBA contracts, subject to "good delivery" provisions promulgated by the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association ("SIFMA"). Under certain market conditions, however, we may be unable to realize the full "pay-up" value of our specified pool securities, or premium relative to generic Agency RMBS. We attempt to manage this risk by maintaining a minimum level of securities that trade at or near TBA values that in our estimation enhances our portfolio liquidity across a wide range of market conditions.
Capital Markets
The equity capital markets serve as a source of capital to grow our business and to meet potential liquidity needs of our business. The availability of equity capital is dependent on market conditions and investor demand for our common and preferred stock. We will typically not issue common stock when the price of our common stock trades below our tangible net book value or issue preferred equity when its cost exceeds acceptable hurdle rates of return on our equity. There can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional equity capital at any particular time or on any particular terms. Furthermore, when the trading price of our common stock is less than our estimate of our current tangible net book value per common share, among other conditions, we may repurchase shares of our common stock. Please refer to Note 9 of our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q for further details regarding our recent equity capital transactions and our stock repurchase plan.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
As of June 30, 2021, we did not maintain relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance, or special purpose or variable interest entities, established to facilitate off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Additionally, as of June 30, 2021, we had not guaranteed obligations of unconsolidated entities or entered into a commitment or intent to provide funding to such entities.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements contained in this Quarterly Report that are not historical facts, including estimates, projections, beliefs, expectations concerning conditions, events, or the outlook for our business, strategy, performance, operations or the markets or industries in which we operate, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “believe,” “plan,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “see,” “intend,” “outlook,” “potential,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “likely” and other similar, correlative or comparable words and expressions.
Forward looking statements are based on management’s assumptions, projections and beliefs as of the date of this Quarterly Report, but they involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements, as well as from historical performance. Factors that could cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:
• the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and of measures taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by various governmental authorities, businesses and other third parties;
• actions by the federal, state, or local governments to stabilize the economy, the housing sector or financial markets;
• changes in U.S. monetary policy or interest rates, including Fed purchases of Agency RMBS;
• fluctuations in the yield curve;
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• fluctuations in mortgage prepayment rates on the loans underlying our Agency RMBS;
• the availability and terms of financing;
• changes in the market value of our assets, including from changes in net interest spreads, and changes in market liquidity or depth;
• the effectiveness of our risk mitigation strategies;
• conditions in the market for Agency RMBS and other mortgage securities;
• legislative or regulatory changes that affect our status as a REIT, our exemption from the Investment Company Act of 1940 or the mortgage markets in which we participate; and
• other risks discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and we do not assume any duty and do not undertake to update forward-looking statements. A further discussion of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from any of our forward-looking statements is included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and this document under Item 1A. Risk Factors . We caution readers not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. The primary market risks that we are exposed to are interest rate, prepayment, spread, liquidity, extension and credit risk.
Interest Rate Risk
We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with the fixed income nature of our assets and the short-term, variable rate nature of our financing obligations. Our operating results depend in large part on differences between the income earned on our assets and our cost of borrowing and hedging activities. The costs associated with our borrowings are generally based on prevailing market interest rates. During a period of rising interest rates, our borrowing costs generally will increase while the yields earned on our existing portfolio of leveraged fixed-rate assets will largely remain static. This can result in a decline in our net interest spread. Changes in the level of interest rates can also affect the rate of mortgage prepayments and the value of our assets.
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond our control. Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, we engage in a variety of interest rate management techniques to mitigate the influence of interest rate changes on our net interest income and fluctuations of our tangible net book value. The principal instruments that we use to hedge our interest rate risk are interest rate swaps, swaptions, U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts. Our hedging techniques are highly complex and are partly based on assumed levels of prepayments of our assets. If prepayments are slower or faster than assumed, the maturity of our investments will also differ from our expectations, which could reduce the effectiveness of our hedging strategies and may cause losses on such transactions and adversely affect our cash flow.
The severity of potential declines in our tangible net book value due to fluctuations in interest rates would depend on our asset, liability, and hedge composition at the time, as well as the magnitude and duration of the interest rate change. Primary measures of an instrument's price sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations are its duration and convexity. Duration measures the estimated percentage change in market value of an instrument that would be caused by a parallel change in short and long-term interest rates. The duration of our assets will vary with changes in interest rates and tends to increase when interest rates rise and decrease when interest rates fall. This "negative convexity" generally increases the interest rate exposure of our investment portfolio in excess of what is measured by duration alone.
We estimate the duration and convexity of our assets using a third-party risk management system and market data. We review the duration estimates from the third-party model and may make adjustments based on our judgment to better reflect any unique characteristics and market trading conventions associated with certain types of securities.
The table below quantifies the estimated changes in the fair value of our investment portfolio (including derivatives and other securities used for hedging purposes) and in our tangible net book value per common share as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 should interest rates go up or down by 25, 50 and 75 basis points, assuming instantaneous parallel shifts in the yield curve and including the impact of both duration and convexity. All values in the table below are measured as percentage changes from the base interest rate scenario. The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates and prepayment projections as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
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To the extent that these estimates or other assumptions do not hold true, which is likely in a period of high volatility, actual results could differ materially from our projections. Moreover, if different models were employed in the analysis, materially different projections could result. Lastly, while the table below reflects the estimated impact of interest rate changes on a static portfolio, we actively manage our portfolio and we continuously adjust the size and composition of our asset and hedge portfolio.
Interest Rate Sensitivity 1,2
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Change in Interest Rate Estimated Change in Portfolio Market Value Estimated Change in Tangible Net Book Value Per Common Share Estimated Change in Portfolio Market Value Estimated Change in Tangible Net Book Value Per Common Share
-75 Basis Points -0.7% -6.8% -0.9% -9.7%
-50 Basis Points -0.3% -2.8% -0.5% -5.8%
-25 Basis Points —% -0.4% -0.2% -2.1%
+25 Basis Points -0.2% -1.7% —% 0.4%
+50 Basis Points -0.5% -4.9% -0.1% -1.1%
+75 Basis Points -0.9% -9.2% -0.4% -4.0%
________________________________
1. Derived from models that are dependent on inputs and assumptions provided by third parties, assumes there are no changes in mortgage spreads and assumes a static portfolio. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
2. Includes the effect of derivatives and other securities used for hedging purposes. Interest rates are assumed to be floored at 0% in down rate scenarios.
Prepayment Risk
Prepayment risk is the risk that our assets will be repaid at a faster rate than anticipated. Interest rates and numerous other factors affect the rate of prepayments, such as housing prices, general economic conditions, loan age, size and loan-to-value ratios, and GSE buyouts of delinquent loans underlying our securities. Generally, prepayments increase during periods of falling mortgage interest rates and decrease during periods of rising mortgage interest rates. However, this may not always be the case.
If our assets prepay at a faster rate than anticipated, we may be unable to reinvest the repayments at acceptable yields. If the proceeds are reinvested at lower yields than our existing assets, our net interest income would be negatively impacted. We also amortize or accrete premiums and discounts we pay or receive at purchase relative to the stated principal of our assets into interest income over their projected lives using the effective interest method. If the actual and estimated future prepayment experience differs from our prior estimates, we are required to record an adjustment to interest income for the impact of the cumulative difference in the effective yield.
Extension Risk
Extension risk is the risk that our assets will be repaid at a slower rate than anticipated and generally increases when interest rates rise. In a rising or higher interest rate environment, we may be required to finance our investments at potentially higher costs without the ability to reinvest principal into higher yielding securities as a result of borrowers prepaying their mortgages at a slower pace than originally anticipated, adversely impacting our net interest spread, and thus our net interest income.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our investment securities (excluding TBAs) had a weighted average projected CPR of 11.6% and 17.6%, respectively, and a weighted average yield of 2.42% and 2.33%, respectively. The table below presents estimated weighted average projected CPRs and yields for our investment securities should interest rates go up or down instantaneously by 25, 50 and 75 basis points. Estimated yields exclude the impact of retroactive "catch-up" premium amortization adjustments for prior periods due to changes in the projected CPR assumption.
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Interest Rate Sensitivity 1
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Change in Interest Rate Weighted Average Projected CPR
Weighted Average Asset Yield 2
Weighted Average Projected CPR
Weighted Average Asset Yield 2
-75 Basis Points 18.3% 2.11% 23.9% 1.99%
-50 Basis Points 15.4% 2.22% 21.9% 2.09%
-25 Basis Points 13.2% 2.32% 19.7% 2.20%
Actual as of Period End 11.6% 2.42% 17.6% 2.33%
+25 Basis Points 10.3% 2.46% 15.9% 2.38%
+50 Basis Points 9.4% 2.51% 14.3% 2.45%
+75 Basis Points 8.7% 2.55% 13.0% 2.51%
________________________________
1. Derived from models that are dependent on inputs and assumptions provided by third parties and assumes a static portfolio. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Table excludes TBA securities.
2. Asset yield based on historical cost basis and does not include the impact of retroactive "catch-up" premium amortization adjustments due to changes in projected CPR.
Spread Risk
Spread risk is the risk that the market spread between the yield on our assets and the yield on benchmark interest rates linked to our interest rate hedges, such as U.S. Treasury rates and interest rate swap rates, may vary. As a levered investor in mortgage-backed securities, spread risk is an inherent component of our investment strategy. Consequently, although we use hedging instruments to attempt to protect against moves in interest rates, our hedges are generally not designed to protect against spread risk, and our tangible net book value could decline if spreads widen.
Fluctuations in mortgage spreads can occur due to a variety of factors, including changes in interest rates, prepayment expectations, actual or anticipated monetary policy actions by the U.S. and foreign central banks, liquidity conditions, required rates of returns on different assets and other market supply and demand factors. The table below quantifies the estimated changes in the fair value of our assets, net of hedges, and our tangible net book value per common share as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 should spreads widen or tighten by 10, 25 and 50 basis points. The estimated impact of changes in spreads is in addition to our interest rate shock sensitivity included in the interest rate shock table above. The table below assumes a spread duration of 5.4 and 4.4 years as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, based on interest rates and prices as of such dates; however, our portfolio's sensitivity to mortgage spread changes will vary with changes in interest rates and in the size and composition of our portfolio. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from our estimates.
Spread Sensitivity 1,2
June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Change in MBS Spread Estimated Change in Portfolio Market Value Estimated Change in Tangible Net Book Value Per Common Share Estimated Change in Portfolio Market Value Estimated Change in Tangible Net Book Value Per Common Share
-50 Basis Points +2.7% +27.3% +2.2% +23.9%
-25 Basis Points +1.3% +13.7% +1.1% +11.9%
-10 Basis Points +0.5% +5.5% +0.4% +4.8%
+10 Basis Points -0.5% -5.5% -0.4% -4.8%
+25 Basis Points -1.3% -13.7% -1.1% -11.9%
+50 Basis Points -2.7% -27.3% -2.2% -23.9%
________________________________
1. Spread sensitivity is derived from models that are dependent on inputs and assumptions provided by third parties, assumes there are no changes in interest rates and assumes a static portfolio. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
2. Includes the effect of derivatives and other securities used for hedging purposes.
Liquidity Risk
Our liquidity risk principally arises from financing long-term fixed rate assets with shorter-term variable rate borrowings. Future borrowings are dependent upon the willingness of lenders to finance our investments, lender collateral
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requirements and the lenders’ determination of the fair value of the securities pledged as collateral, which fluctuates with changes in interest rates and liquidity conditions within the commercial banking and mortgage finance industries.
As of June 30, 2021, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources available to execute our business strategy (see Liquidity and Capital Resources in this Form 10-Q for additional details). However, should the value of our collateral or the value of our derivative instruments suddenly decrease, margin calls relating to our funding liabilities and derivative agreements could increase, causing an adverse change in our liquidity position. Furthermore, there is no assurance that we will always be able to renew (or roll) our short-term funding liabilities. In addition, our counterparties have the option to increase our haircuts (margin requirements) on the assets we pledge against our funding liabilities, thereby reducing the amount that can be borrowed against an asset even if they agree to renew or roll our funding liabilities. Significantly higher haircuts can reduce our ability to leverage our portfolio or may even force us to sell assets, especially if correlated with asset price declines or faster prepayment rates on our assets.
Credit Risk
Our credit sensitive investments, such as CRT and non-Agency securities, expose us to the risk of nonpayment of principal, interest or other remuneration we are contractually entitled to. We are also exposed to credit risk in the event our repurchase agreement counterparties default on their obligations to resell the underlying collateral back to us at the end of the repo term or in the event our derivative counterparties do not perform under the terms of our derivative agreements.
We accept credit exposure related to our credit sensitive assets at levels we deem prudent within the context of our overall investment strategy. We attempt to manage this risk through careful asset selection, pre-acquisition due diligence, post-acquisition performance monitoring, and the sale of assets where we identify negative credit trends. We may also manage credit risk with credit default swaps or other financial derivatives that we believe are appropriate. Additionally, we may vary the mix of our interest rate and credit sensitive assets or our duration gap to adjust our credit exposure and/or improve the return profile of our assets, such as when we believe credit performance is inversely correlated with changes in interest rates. Our credit risk related to derivative and repurchase agreement transactions is largely mitigated by limiting our counterparties to major financial institutions with acceptable credit ratings or to registered central clearinghouses and monitoring concentration levels with any one counterparty. We also continuously monitor and adjust the amount of collateral pledged based on changes in market value.
There is no guarantee that our efforts to manage credit risk will be successful and we could suffer losses if credit performance is worse than our expectations or our counterparties default on their obligations. Excluding central clearing exchanges, as of June 30, 2021, our maximum amount at risk with any counterparty related to our repurchase agreements was less than 2% of tangible stockholders' equity and related to our derivative agreements was less than 1% of tangible stockholders' equity.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure based on the definition of "disclosure controls and procedures" as promulgated under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
We, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2021. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our "internal control over financial reporting" (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Neither we, nor any of our consolidated subsidiaries, are currently subject to any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us or any consolidated subsidiary, other than routine litigation and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Such proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, financial conditions, or results of our operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Exhibit Index
Exhibit No. Description
*3.1 AGNC Investment Corp. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (File No. 001-34057), filed May 11, 2020.
*3.2 AGNC Investment Corp. Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057), filed March 11, 2021.
*3.3 Certificate of Designations of 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed August 18, 2017.
*3.4 Certificate of Elimination of 8.000% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No 001-34057), filed October 26, 2017.
*3.5 Certificate of Designations of 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed March 6, 2019.
*3.6 Certificate of Designations of 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed October 3, 2019.
*3.7 Certificate of Elimination of 7.750% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No 001-34057), filed December 13, 2019.
*3.8 Certificate of Designations of 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed February 11, 2020.
*4.1 Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Article IV of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (File No. 001-34057) filed May 11, 2020.
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*4.2 Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Article VI of our Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed March 11, 2021.
*4.3 Form of Certificate for Common Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 (File No. 001-34057), filed November 7, 2016.
*4.4 Specimen 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed August 18, 2017.
*4.5 Specimen 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed March 6, 2019.
*4.6 Specimen 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed October 3, 2019.
*4.7 Specimen 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed February 11, 2020.
*4.8 Deposit Agreement relating to 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated August 22, 2017, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed August 22, 2017.
*4.9 Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.8), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed August 22, 2017.
*4.10 Deposit Agreement relating to 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated March 6, 2019, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed March 6, 2019.
*4.11 Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.10), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed March 6, 2019 .
*4.12 Deposit Agreement relating to 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated October 3, 2019, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed October 3, 2019.
*4.13 Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.12), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed October 3, 2019 .
*4.14 Deposit Agreement relating to 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated February 11, 2020, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed February 11, 2020.
*4.15 Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.14), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed February 11, 2020.
*10 Form of Indemnification Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed July 1, 2021.
31.1 Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32 Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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101.INS**    The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document
101.SCH**    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL**    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB**    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE**    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF**    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
________________________________
*    Previously filed
**    This exhibit is being furnished rather than filed, and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing, in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K

(b)    Exhibits
See the exhibits filed herewith.
(c)    Additional financial statement schedules
None.
49

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
AGNC I NVESTMENT C ORP .
By:
/s/    P ETER J. F EDERICO
Peter J. Federico
President and
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: August 5, 2021
By:
/s/    B ERNICE E. B ELL
Bernice E. Bell
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: August 5, 2021

50
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I. Financial InformationItem 1. Financial StatementsNote 1. OrganizationNote 2. Summary Of Significant Accounting PoliciesNote 3. Investment SecuritiesNote 4. Repurchase Agreements and Reverse Repurchase AgreementsNote 5. Derivative and Other Hedging InstrumentsNote 6. Pledged AssetsNote 7. Fair Value MeasurementsNote 8. Net Income (loss) Per Common ShareNote 9. Stockholders' EquityItem 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of OperationsItem 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskItem 4. Controls and ProceduresPart II. Other InformationItem 1. Legal ProceedingsItem 1A. Risk FactorsItem 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of ProceedsItem 3. Defaults Upon Senior SecuritiesItem 4. Mine Safety DisclosuresItem 5. Other InformationItem 6. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Exhibits

*3.1AGNC Investment Corp. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (File No. 001-34057), filed May 11, 2020.*3.2AGNC Investment Corp. Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057), filed March 11, 2021.*3.3Certificate of Designations of 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed August 18, 2017.*3.4Certificate of Elimination of 8.000% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No 001-34057), filed October 26, 2017.*3.5Certificate of Designations of 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed March 6, 2019.*3.6Certificate of Designations of 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed October 3, 2019.*3.7Certificate of Elimination of 7.750% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No 001-34057), filed December 13, 2019.*3.8Certificate of Designations of 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed February 11, 2020.*4.1Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See ArticleIV of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (File No. 001-34057) filed May 11, 2020.*4.2Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See ArticleVI of our Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed March 11, 2021.*4.3Form of Certificate for Common Stock, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 (File No. 001-34057), filed November 7, 2016.*4.4Specimen 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed August 18, 2017.*4.5Specimen 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed March 6, 2019.*4.6Specimen 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No. 001-34057), filed October 3, 2019.*4.7Specimen 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-A (File No 001-34057), filed February 11, 2020.*4.8Deposit Agreement relating to 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated August 22, 2017, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed August 22, 2017.*4.9Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 7.00% Series C Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.8), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed August 22, 2017.*4.10Deposit Agreement relating to 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated March 6, 2019, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed March 6, 2019.*4.11Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 6.875% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.10), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed March 6, 2019*4.12Deposit Agreement relating to 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated October 3, 2019, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed October 3, 2019.*4.13Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 6.50% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.12), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed October 3, 2019*4.14Deposit Agreement relating to 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, dated February 11, 2020, among AGNC Investment Corp., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., jointly as depositary, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed February 11, 2020.*4.15Form of Depositary Receipt representing 1/1,000th of a share of 6.125% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (included as part of Exhibit 4.14), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed February 11, 2020.*10Form of Indemnification Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 001-34057) filed July 1, 2021.31.1Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.31.2Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.32Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to Section906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.