ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
10-Qs and 10-Ks
PROXIES
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM
10-Q
For the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2025
OR
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number
1-8957
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| Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: | ||||||||
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes
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No
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes
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No
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act.
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☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
☐ | Smaller reporting company |
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Emerging growth company |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes
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No
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The registrant has
121,392,507
common shares, par value $0.01, outstanding at April 30, 2025.
This document is also available on our website at https://investor.alaskaair.com.
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
As used in this Form 10-Q, the terms “Air Group,” the “Company,” “our,” “we,” and "us" refer to Alaska Air Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise. Alaska Airlines, Inc., Hawaiian Holdings, Inc., and Horizon Air Industries, Inc. are referred to as “Alaska," "Hawaiian," and “Horizon” and together as our “airlines.”
2
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are those that predict or describe future events or trends and that do not relate solely to historical matters. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or the Company’s present expectations.
You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements because the matters they describe are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other unpredictable factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our forward-looking statements are based on the information currently available to us and speak only as of the date on which this report was filed with the SEC. Other than as required by law, we expressly disclaim any obligation to issue any updates or revisions to our forward-looking statements, even if subsequent events cause our expectations to change regarding the matters discussed in those statements. For a discussion of risks and uncertainties that may cause our forward-looking statements to differ materially, see Item 1A. "Risk Factors” within the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Some of these risks include competition, labor costs, relations, and availability, general economic conditions, increases in operating costs including fuel, uncertainties regarding the ability to successfully integrate the operations of the recently completed acquisition of Hawaiian Holdings, Inc. and the ability to realize anticipated cost savings, synergies, or growth from the acquisition, inability to meet cost reduction and other strategic goals, seasonal fluctuations in demand and financial results, supply chain risks, events that negatively impact aviation safety and security, and changes in laws and regulations that impact our business. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of those risks as you read this report.
3
PART I
| ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | ||
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited)
| (in millions) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current Assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ |
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$ |
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| Restricted cash |
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| Marketable securities |
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| Total cash, restricted cash, and marketable securities |
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| Receivables - net |
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| Inventories and supplies - net |
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| Prepaid expenses |
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| Other current assets |
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| Total Current Assets |
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| Property and Equipment | |||||||||||
| Aircraft and other flight equipment |
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| Other property and equipment |
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| Deposits for future flight equipment |
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| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(
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(
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| Total Property and Equipment - Net |
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| Other Assets | |||||||||||
| Operating lease assets |
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| Goodwill |
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Intangible assets - net
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| Other noncurrent assets |
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| Total Other Assets |
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| Total Assets | $ |
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$ |
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4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited)
| (in millions, except share amounts) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ |
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$ |
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| Accrued wages, vacation and payroll taxes |
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| Air traffic liability |
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| Other accrued liabilities |
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| Deferred revenue |
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| Current portion of long-term debt |
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| Current portion of operating lease liabilities |
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| Current portion of finance lease liabilities |
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| Total Current Liabilities |
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| Noncurrent Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current portion |
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| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
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| Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion |
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| Deferred income taxes |
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| Deferred revenue |
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| Obligation for pension and post-retirement medical benefits |
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| Other liabilities |
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| Total Noncurrent Liabilities |
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| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7) |
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| Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||
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Preferred stock, $
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Common stock, $
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| Capital in excess of par value |
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Treasury stock (common), at cost: 2025 -
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| Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(
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| Retained earnings |
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| Total Shareholders' Equity |
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| Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | $ |
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$ |
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5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Operating Revenue | |||||||||||
| Passenger revenue | $ |
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$ |
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Loyalty program other revenue
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| Cargo and other revenue |
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| Total Operating Revenue |
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| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||
| Wages and benefits |
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| Variable incentive pay |
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| Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses |
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| Aircraft maintenance |
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| Aircraft rent |
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| Landing fees and other rentals |
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| Contracted services |
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| Selling expenses |
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| Depreciation and amortization |
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| Food and beverage service |
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| Third-party regional carrier expense |
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| Other |
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| Special items - operating |
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| Total Operating Expenses |
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| Operating Loss |
(
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(
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| Non-operating Income (Expense) | |||||||||||
| Interest income |
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| Interest expense |
(
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(
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| Interest capitalized |
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| Other - net |
(
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| Total Non-operating Expense |
(
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(
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| Loss Before Income Tax |
(
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(
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| Income tax benefit |
(
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(
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| Net Loss | $ |
(
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$ |
(
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| Basic Loss Per Share: | $ |
(
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$ |
(
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| Diluted Loss Per Share: | $ |
(
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$ |
(
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| Weighted Average Shares Outstanding used for computation: | |||||||||||
| Basic |
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| Diluted |
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6
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE OPERATIONS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Net Loss | $ |
(
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$ |
(
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| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | |||||||||||
| Marketable securities |
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| Employee benefit plans |
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| Interest rate derivative instruments |
(
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| Total other comprehensive income, net of tax | $ |
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$ |
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| Total Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax | $ |
(
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$ |
(
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7
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(unaudited)
| (in millions) | Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock | Capital in Excess of Par Value | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
(
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$ |
(
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$ |
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$ |
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| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — |
(
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(
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| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — |
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— |
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| Common stock repurchase |
(
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— | — |
(
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— | — |
(
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| Stock-based compensation |
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— |
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— | — | — |
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| CARES Act warrants exercised |
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— | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock issued under stock plans |
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— |
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— | — | — |
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| Balance at March 31, 2025 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
(
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$ |
(
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$ |
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$ |
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| (in millions) | Common Stock Outstanding | Common Stock | Capital in Excess of Par Value | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
(
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$ |
(
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$ |
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$ |
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| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — |
(
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(
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| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — |
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— |
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| Common stock repurchase |
(
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— | — |
(
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— | — |
(
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| Stock-based compensation | — | — |
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— | — | — |
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| Stock issued under stock plans |
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— |
(
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— | — | — |
(
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| Balance at March 31, 2024 |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
(
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$ |
(
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$ |
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$ |
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8
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | $ |
(
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$ |
(
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| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
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| Stock-based compensation and other |
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| Non-cash special items |
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| Changes in certain assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||
| Changes in deferred income taxes |
(
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(
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| Increase in accounts receivable |
(
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(
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| Increase in air traffic liability |
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| Increase in deferred revenue |
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| Other - net |
(
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(
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| Net cash provided by operating activities |
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| Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment additions | ||||||||||||||
| Aircraft and aircraft purchase deposits |
(
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| Other flight equipment |
(
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(
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| Other property and equipment |
(
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(
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| Supplier proceeds |
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| Purchases of marketable securities |
(
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(
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| Sales and maturities of marketable securities |
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| Other investing activities |
(
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| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(
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| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs |
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| Long-term debt payments |
(
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(
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| Common stock repurchases |
(
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(
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| Other financing activities |
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(
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| Net cash used in financing activities |
(
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(
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| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(
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| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period |
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| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period | $ |
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$ |
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| Supplemental disclosure: | ||||||||||||||
| Cash paid during the period for: | ||||||||||||||
| Interest, net of amount capitalized | $ |
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$ |
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| Non-cash transactions: | ||||||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets acquired through operating leases | $ |
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$ |
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| Property and equipment acquired through the issuance of debt | $ |
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$ |
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| Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash: | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ |
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$ |
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| Restricted cash |
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Restricted cash included in Other noncurrent assets
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| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period | $ |
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$ |
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9
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
NOTE 1.
GENERAL AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization and basis of presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Alaska Air Group (Air Group, or "the Company"), and its primary subsidiaries, Alaska Airlines, Inc. (Alaska), Horizon Air Industries, Inc. (Horizon), and, beginning September 18, 2024, Hawaiian Holdings, Inc. (Hawaiian). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements also include McGee Air Services (McGee), a ground services subsidiary of Alaska, and other immaterial business units. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information. Consistent with these requirements, this Form 10-Q does not include all the information required by GAAP for complete financial statements. It should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. In the opinion of management, all adjustments have been made that are necessary to fairly present the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2025 and the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Such adjustments were of a normal recurring nature. Certain rows, columns, figures, or percentages may not recalculate due to rounding.
In preparing these statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses, including impairment charges. Due to seasonal variations in the demand for air travel, the volatility of aircraft fuel prices, changes in global economic conditions, changes in the competitive environment, and other factors, operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the entire year.
NOTE 2. ACQUISITION OF HAWAIIAN HOLDINGS, INC.
On September 18, 2024, the Company completed its acquisition of Hawaiian Holdings, Inc. The Company paid shareholders $
18.00
per share, or approximately $
936
million in cash for
52
million outstanding voting shares of Hawaiian. An additional $
41
million was paid in cash for change in control payments and settlement of accelerated and vested awards, resulting in total consideration of $
977
million. The combination brings together two complementary networks and expands consumer choice across Hawai'i, the West Coast, and international destinations. Along with enhanced network utility, the combined carriers' diversified product offerings and focus on high quality service and operational performance enhance Air Group's competitive position.
Fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed
The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized on the balance sheet at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined using a market basis, relief from royalty, or multi-period excess earnings approach. As of March 31, 2025, the determination of fair values of property and equipment, certain liabilities included in other accrued liabilities and other liabilities, goodwill, intangible assets, and deferred income taxes was substantially complete, but is still considered provisional. Management will evaluate estimates and assumptions utilized to calculate fair value as new information is received, and will adjust amounts recorded as necessary up to one year following transaction close. There were no fair value adjustments made in the three months ended March 31, 2025.
10
Provisional fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date, September 18, 2024, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:
| (in millions) |
March 31, 2025 and
December 31, 2024 |
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| Cash and cash equivalents | $ |
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| Restricted cash |
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| Marketable securities |
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| Receivables |
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| Inventories and supplies |
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| Prepaid expenses and other |
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| Property and equipment |
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| Operating lease assets |
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| Intangible assets |
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| Goodwill |
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| Other noncurrent assets |
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| Total assets |
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| Accounts payable |
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| Air traffic liability |
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| Other accrued liabilities |
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| Deferred revenue - current |
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| Current portion of operating lease liabilities |
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| Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases |
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| Long-Term Debt, net of current portion |
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| Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |
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| Deferred income taxes |
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| Deferred revenue - noncurrent |
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| Obligations for pension and post-retirement medical benefits |
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| Other liabilities |
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| Total liabilities |
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| Total purchase price | $ |
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Merger-related costs
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company incurred costs directly attributable to the merger activities of $
40
million. These costs are presented within Special items - operating within the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 12 for further information on special items. The Company expects to incur additional merger-related costs in 2025.
Pro forma impact of the acquisition
The unaudited pro forma financial information presented in the table below represents a summary of the consolidated results of operations for the Company and Hawaiian as if the acquisition of Hawaiian had been consummated as of January 1, 2023. The pro forma results do not include any anticipated synergies, or other expected benefits of the acquisition. Accordingly, the unaudited pro forma financial information below is not necessarily indicative of either future results of operations or results that might have been achieved had the acquisition been consummated as of January 1, 2023.
The pro forma information includes adjustments for merger-related costs of $
267
million assumed to have been incurred on January 1, 2023.
11
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 Pro Forma | 2024 Pro Forma | |||||||||
| Revenue | $ |
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$ |
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| Net loss |
(
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(
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NOTE 3.
REVENUE
Ticket revenue is recorded as Passenger revenue, and represents the primary source of the Company's revenue. Also included in Passenger revenue is passenger ancillary revenue such as bag fees, on-board food and beverage, and certain revenue from Alaska's Mileage Plan program and Hawaiian's HawaiianMiles program. Loyalty program other revenue includes brand and marketing revenue from the Alaska Airlines Visa Signature and Hawaiian Airlines World Elite Mastercard co-branded credit cards and other partners, and certain interline loyalty program revenue, net of commissions. Cargo and other revenue consists of freight and mail revenue, services provided to Amazon under the Air Transportation Services Agreement (the ATSA), and other ancillary revenue products such as lounge membership and certain commissions.
The level of detail within the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and in this note depict the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and how cash flows are affected by economic and other factors.
Passenger Revenue
Passenger revenue recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Passenger ticket revenue, net of taxes and fees | $ |
|
$ |
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| Passenger ancillary revenue |
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| Loyalty program passenger revenue |
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| Total Passenger revenue | $ |
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$ |
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Domestic passenger revenue includes operations in the U.S., including between the Hawaiian Islands (the Neighbor Island routes), and Canada. Latin America passenger revenue includes operations in Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Belize, and Bahamas. Pacific passenger revenue includes operations in the South Pacific, Australia, New Zealand, and Asia.
The table below presents the Company's passenger revenue by principal geographic region (as defined by the U.S. Department of Transportation):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Domestic | $ |
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$ |
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| Latin America |
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| Pacific |
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| Total Passenger revenue | $ |
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$ |
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Loyalty Program Revenue
Loyalty program revenue included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Loyalty program passenger revenue | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Loyalty program other revenue |
|
|
|||||||||
| Total Loyalty program revenue | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
12
Cargo and Other Revenue
Cargo and other revenue included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Cargo revenue | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Other revenue |
|
|
|||||||||
| Total Cargo and other revenue | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
Air Traffic Liability and Deferred Revenue
Passenger ticket and ancillary services liabilities
The Company recognized Passenger revenue of $
904
million and
$
584
million
from the prior year-end air traffic liability balance for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Loyalty program assets and liabilities
The Company records a receivable for amounts due from affinity card partners and from other partners as mileage credits are sold until the payments are collected. The Company had
$
111
million
of such receivables as of March 31, 2025 and $
118
million as of December 31, 2024.
The table below presents a roll forward of the total loyalty program liability:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Total Deferred Revenue balance at January 1 | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Travel miles and companion certificate redemption - Passenger revenue |
(
|
(
|
|||||||||
| Miles redeemed on partner airlines - Loyalty program other revenue |
(
|
(
|
|||||||||
| Increase in liability for mileage credits issued |
|
|
|||||||||
| Total Deferred Revenue balance at March 31 | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
NOTE 4.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
In determining fair value, there is a three-level hierarchy based on the reliability of the inputs used.
Level 1 refers to fair values based on quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant other observable inputs such as similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instrument in markets that are not active. Fair values for Level 2 instruments are determined using standard valuation models that incorporate inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets, interest rates, benchmark curves, credit ratings, and other observable inputs or market data.
Level 3 refers to fair values estimated using significant unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and that are significant to the fair value of the assets. Fair values for Level 3 instruments are determined using future cash flows and discount rates, which include information obtained from third-party valuation sources and other market sources, including recent offers from potential buyers.
Fair value of financial instruments measured on a recurring basis
As of March 31, 2025, cost basis and fair value for marketable securities were $
1.4
billion. Differences in cost basis and fair value of marketable securities are primarily a result of changes in interest rates and general market conditions. The Company does not believe any unrealized losses are the result of credit quality based on its evaluation of industry and duration exposure, credit ratings of the securities, liquidity profiles, and other observable information as of March 31, 2025.
13
Fair values of financial instruments on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets:
| March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Level 1 | Level 2 |
Level 3
|
Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. government and agency securities | $ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||
| Equity mutual funds |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate notes and bonds |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal securities and other |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total Marketable securities | $ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. government and agency securities | $ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||
| Equity mutual funds |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate notes and bonds |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Municipal securities and other
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total Marketable securities | $ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||
The fair value of derivative instruments, including fuel hedge contracts and interest rate swaps, was not material as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Activity and maturities for marketable securities
Maturities for marketable securities:
|
March 31, 2025
(in millions)
|
Cost Basis | Fair Value | |||||||||
| Due in one year or less | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Due after one year through five years |
|
|
|||||||||
| Due after five years through ten years |
|
|
|||||||||
| Due after ten years |
|
|
|||||||||
| No maturity date |
|
|
|||||||||
| Total | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
Fair value of other financial instruments
The Company uses the following methods and assumptions to determine the fair value of financial instruments that are not recognized at fair value as described below.
Debt
: The estimated fair value of fixed-rate Enhanced Equipment Trust Certificate (EETC) debt and certain variable rate debt is Level 2, while the estimated fair value of $
720
million of certain variable-rate and fixed-rate debt, including PSP notes payable and Japanese Yen denominated debt, is classified as Level 3.
14
Fixed-rate debt on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and the estimated fair value of long-term fixed-rate debt:
| (in millions) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Fixed-rate debt | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Estimated fair value | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
Certain assets and liabilities are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including property, plant and equipment, operating and finance lease assets, goodwill, and intangible assets. These assets are subject to fair valuation when there is evidence of impairment. No material impairments were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
NOTE 5.
DEBT
Debt obligations on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets:
| (in millions) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Fixed-rate notes payable due through 2029 | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Fixed-rate PSP notes payable due through 2031 |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Fixed-rate EETCs payable due through 2027
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Fixed-rate Japanese Yen denominated notes payable due through 2031 |
|
|
|||||||||
| Variable-rate notes payable due through 2037 |
|
|
|||||||||
| Loyalty financing, variable-rate term loan facility due through 2031 |
|
|
|||||||||
| Loyalty financing, fixed-rate notes due through 2031 |
|
|
|||||||||
| Less debt issuance costs |
(
|
(
|
|||||||||
| Total debt |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Less current portion
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Long-term debt, less current portion | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Weighted-average fixed-interest rate |
|
% |
|
% | |||||||
| Weighted-average variable-interest rate |
|
% |
|
% | |||||||
Approximately $
554
million of the Company's total variable-rate notes payable are effectively fixed via interest rate swaps at March 31, 2025, resulting in an effective weighted-average interest rate for the full debt portfolio of
4.7
%.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company incurred $
23
million of debt as part of an agreement to finance certain E175 deliveries. Debt from this agreement is reflected as a non-cash transaction within the supplemental disclosures in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company made debt payments of $
156
million.
15
Debt maturity
At March 31, 2025, debt principal payments for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
| (in millions) | Total | ||||
| Remainder of 2025 | $ |
|
|||
| 2026 |
|
||||
| 2027 |
|
||||
| 2028 |
|
||||
| 2029 |
|
||||
| Thereafter |
|
||||
|
Total Principal Payments
(a)
|
$ |
|
|||
(a) The Company recognized the long-term debt assumed in the Hawaiian acquisition at fair value as of the acquisition date. As a result, the amount in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets will not equal the total balance of remaining principal payments presented in this table.
Bank lines of credit
Alaska and Hawaiian have a combined revolving credit facility for $
850
million, expiring in September 2029, which is secured by a combination of Air Group aircraft, slots, gates, routes, and other eligible assets. The facility has a variable interest rate based on SOFR plus a specified margin. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had
no
outstanding borrowing under this facility.
Alaska has a second credit facility for $
76
million, expiring in June 2025, and is secured by aircraft. Alaska has secured letters of credit against this facility.
Covenants
Certain debt agreements and credit facilities contain customary financial covenants, including compliance with certain debt service coverage ratios and minimum liquidity requirements. The Company and its subsidiaries were in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2025.
NOTE 6.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Net periodic benefit costs for qualified pension plans include the following:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Service cost | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Pension expense included in Wages and benefits |
|
|
|||||||||
| Interest cost |
|
|
|||||||||
| Expected return on assets |
(
|
(
|
|||||||||
| Recognized actuarial loss |
|
|
|||||||||
| Pension expense included in Non-operating Income (Expense) | $ |
(
|
$ |
|
|||||||
NOTE 7.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Aircraft-related commitments
Alaska and Hawaiian have contractual commitments for aircraft with Boeing. Horizon has contractual commitments for aircraft with Embraer. The amounts disclosed below reflect commitments for firm aircraft and engine orders. Option deliveries are excluded until exercise.
16
Boeing has communicated that certain B737 and B787-9 aircraft are expected to be delivered later than the contracted delivery timing. For Alaska, this includes certain B737-9 aircraft contracted for delivery in 2024 that have moved to 2025, certain B737-8 aircraft contracted for delivery in 2024 and 2025 that have moved later in the contracted year or into the year following the contracted delivery, and certain B737-10 aircraft contracted for delivery in 2025 and 2026 that have moved to 2026 or 2027, pending certification of the aircraft type. For Hawaiian, this includes certain B787-9 aircraft contracted for delivery between 2024 and 2026 that have been moved later into the contracted year or into the year following the contracted delivery. Management expects that other Boeing aircraft deliveries could be delayed beyond the contractual delivery. The tables below reflect Boeing's communications and management's internal expectations.
Details for contractual aircraft delivery commitments as of March 31, 2025:
| Firm Orders | Options and Other Rights | ||||||||||
| Aircraft Type | 2025-2029 | 2026-2030 | |||||||||
| B737 |
|
|
|||||||||
| B787-9 |
|
|
|||||||||
| E175 |
|
|
|||||||||
| Total |
|
|
|||||||||
Capacity purchase agreement (CPA) commitments
Alaska has obligations associated with its CPA with SkyWest. The amounts disclosed below consider certain assumptions regarding the level of flying performed by the carrier on behalf of Alaska and exclude lease costs associated with the CPA.
A summary of aircraft-related and capacity purchase agreement commitments as of March 31, 2025:
| (in millions) |
Aircraft-Related Commitments
|
Capacity Purchase Agreements
|
||||||||||||
| Remainder of 2025 | $ |
|
$ |
|
||||||||||
| 2026 |
|
|
||||||||||||
| 2027 |
|
|
||||||||||||
| 2028 |
|
|
||||||||||||
| 2029 |
|
|
||||||||||||
| Thereafter |
|
|
||||||||||||
| Total | $ |
|
$ |
|
||||||||||
Contingencies
The Company is a party to routine litigation matters incidental to its business and with respect to which no material liability is expected. Liabilities for litigation related contingencies are recorded when a loss is determined to be probable and estimable.
As part of the 2016 acquisition of Virgin America, Alaska assumed responsibility for the Virgin trademark license agreement with the Virgin Group. In 2019, pursuant to that agreement's venue provision, the Virgin Group sued Alaska in England, alleging that the agreement requires Alaska to pay $
8
million per year as a minimum annual royalty through 2039, adjusted annually for inflation and irrespective of Alaska's actual use (or non-use) of the mark. Alaska stopped making royalty payments in 2019 after ending all use of the Virgin brand. On February 16, 2023, the commercial court issued a ruling adopting Virgin Group’s interpretation of the license agreement. The Company appealed the decision. On June 11, 2024, the appellate court issued a final decision affirming the lower court ruling in favor of the Virgin Group. Alaska also commenced a separate claim for breach of the agreement against the Virgin Group that may affect the Company’s total liability in the matter. Alaska holds an accrual for $
57
million in Other accrued liabilities in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, representing the expenses associated with the trademark license agreement incurred through March 31, 2025, and management's current estimate of the amount due to the Virgin Group.
17
Credit card agreements
NOTE 8.
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock repurchase
In December 2024, the Board of Directors authorized a $
1
billion share repurchase program. Under this program, the Company repurchased
1.8
million shares for $
107
million during the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, the program has $
893
million remaining.
CARES Act warrant issuances
As taxpayer protection required under the Payroll Support Program (PSP) under the CARES Act, the Company granted the U.S. government a total of
1,455,437
warrants to purchase ALK common stock in 2020 and 2021. An additional
427,080
warrants were issued in conjunction with a draw on the CARES Act Loan in 2020. The value of the warrants was estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and was recorded in stockholders' equity at issuance. These warrants are non-voting, freely transferable, may be settled as net shares or in cash at the Company's option, and have a five-year term. In 2024, the warrants were sold at auction to a third party investor. The sale had no impact to the amount held on the Company's balance sheet.
NOTE 9.
LOSS PER SHARE
Basic loss per share and diluted loss per share are calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
|
(in millions, except per share amounts)
|
2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Net loss | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||
|
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Dilutive effect of employee stock awards and stock warrants |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Basic loss per share | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||
| Diluted loss per share | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||
| Antidilutive amounts excluded from calculation: | |||||||||||
| Employee stock awards |
|
|
|||||||||
| Stock warrants |
|
|
|||||||||
18
NOTE 10.
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
A roll forward of the amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss is shown below for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
| (in millions) | Marketable Securities | Employee Benefit Plan | Interest Rate Derivatives | Tax Effect | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value |
|
|
(
|
(
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassifications into earnings |
|
|
|
(
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Marketable Securities | Employee Benefit Plan | Interest Rate Derivatives | Tax Effect | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassifications into earnings |
|
|
|
(
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
NOTE 11.
OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION
Alaska Air Group has three operating airlines – Alaska, Hawaiian, and Horizon. Each is regulated by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Aviation Administration. Alaska has CPAs for regional capacity with Horizon and SkyWest.
Air Group's Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is its President and CEO. In the third quarter of 2024, the CODM began to review financial results for Hawaiian to assess performance and make resource allocation decisions for Air Group. As a result, the Company determined Hawaiian was an operating and reportable segment.
Air Group's network and schedules are centrally managed for all its operating airlines and CPA flying. Managing the business in an integrated manner enables the Company to leverage its comprehensive network, route scheduling system, and fleet as a single business. The CODM makes resource allocation decisions to deliver optimized consolidated financial results, regardless of the profitability of an individual segment. Air Group intends to combine Alaska and Hawaiian under a single operating certificate in the near term. At that time, management anticipates the discrete information provided to the CODM will similarly be combined. Management is considering other changes to internal reporting that may impact the discrete information provided to the CODM to better align with the way the business is managed. These changes may have an impact on the Company's reportable segments once finalized.
The CODM reviews financial performance information as part of
three
reportable operating segments which are described above:
•
Alaska Airlines
- includes scheduled air transportation on Alaska's Boeing aircraft for passengers and cargo.
•
Hawaiian Airlines
- includes scheduled air transportation on Hawaiian's Boeing and Airbus aircraft for passengers and cargo.
•
Regional
- includes Horizon's and other third-party carriers’ scheduled air transportation on E175 aircraft for passengers under CPAs. This segment includes the actual revenue and expenses associated with regional flying, as well as an allocation of corporate overhead incurred by Air Group on behalf of the regional operations.
The below tables present segment revenue and expenses for Air Group's reportable segments. Air Group's measure of segment profit or loss is pretax profit, which is used by the CODM to evaluate financial results. Additionally, reconciliations of the pretax profit of all reportable segments to Air Group's consolidated income before income tax are provided.
19
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
(in millions)
|
Alaska Airlines
|
Hawaiian Airlines
|
Regional
|
Reportable Segment Total
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Segment operating revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Passenger revenue | $ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||
| Loyalty program other revenue |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Cargo and other revenue |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating revenue |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation to Consolidated Operating Revenue: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Other revenue
(a)
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Consolidated Operating Revenue
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wages and benefits |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Variable incentive pay |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Economic fuel |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft maintenance |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft rent |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Landing fees and other rentals |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Contracted services |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Selling expenses |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage service |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Other
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Regional carrier expenses |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Segment non-operating income (expense) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Interest income
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense |
(
|
(
|
|
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Other
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment non-operating income (expense) |
(
|
(
|
|
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Segment pretax loss | $ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation to Consolidated Loss Before Income Tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Other profit (loss)
(a)
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft fuel mark-to-market adjustment |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| Losses on foreign debt |
(
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special items - operating |
(
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Loss Before Income Tax | $ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
20
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
(in millions)
|
Alaska Airlines
|
Hawaiian Airlines
|
Regional
|
Reportable Segment Total
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Segment operating revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Passenger revenue | $ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||
| Loyalty program other revenue |
|
|
|
$ |
|
||||||||||||||||||
| Cargo and other revenue |
|
|
|
$ |
|
||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating revenue |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation to Consolidated Operating Revenue: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Other revenue
(a)
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Consolidated Operating Revenue
|
$ |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wages and benefits |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Variable incentive pay |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Economic fuel
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Aircraft maintenance
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Aircraft rent
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Landing fees and other rentals |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Contracted services |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Selling expenses |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage service |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Other
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Regional carrier expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Segment non-operating income (expense) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Interest income
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense |
(
|
|
|
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Other
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment non-operating income (expense) |
(
|
|
|
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Segment pretax loss | $ |
(
|
$ |
|
$ |
(
|
$ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation to Consolidated Loss Before Income Tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Other profit (loss)
(a)
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Aircraft fuel mark-to-market adjustment
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special items - operating |
(
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Loss Before Income Tax | $ |
(
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
(a) Revenue and profit or loss from segments below the quantitative thresholds as well as other immaterial business units, including Air Group parent company activity, Horizon Air operations, McGee Air Services, consolidating entries and intercompany eliminations.
(b) Includes miscellaneous personnel, software, and services costs, as well as other non-operating activity.
21
Total capital expenditures were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Alaska Airlines | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Hawaiian Airlines |
|
|
|||||||||
|
Other
(a)
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Consolidated | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
Total assets were as follows
(b)
:
| (in millions) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Alaska Airlines | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
| Hawaiian Airlines |
|
|
|||||||||
| Consolidating & Other |
(
|
(
|
|||||||||
| Consolidated | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
(a) Primarily consists of Horizon Air capital expenditures, including non-cash expenditures for debt financing of certain E175 deliveries of $
23
million in 2025 and $
45
million in 2024.
(b) No assets are allocated to the Regional segment as it represents only revenue and expenses associated with regional flying. The related assets associated with regional flying are allocated to other segments.
NOTE 12.
SPECIAL ITEMS
The Company has classified certain operating activity as special items due to its unusual or infrequently occurring nature. Disclosing information about these items separately may assist with comparable year over year analysis and allow stakeholders to better understand Air Group's results of operations.
Labor and other:
Labor and other costs in 2025 were primarily for changes to Alaska flight attendants' sick leave benefits pursuant to a new collective bargaining agreement ratified in the first quarter. Costs in 2024 were primarily associated with the retirement of Alaska's Airbus and Horizon's Q400 aircraft.
Integration costs:
Integration costs are associated with the acquisition of Hawaiian Airlines and primarily consist of employee-related and other merger costs.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||
| Labor and other |
|
|
|||||||||
| Integration costs |
|
|
|||||||||
| Special items - operating | $ |
|
$ |
|
|||||||
22
| ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | ||
OVERVIEW
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) is intended to help the reader understand our company and the present business environment. MD&A is provided as a supplement to – and should be read in conjunction with – our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. All statements in the following discussion that are not statements of historical information or descriptions of current accounting policy are forward-looking statements. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of the risks referred to in this report’s introductory cautionary note and the risks mentioned in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. This overview summarizes the MD&A, which includes the following sections:
•
First Quarter Review
- highlights from the first quarter of 2025 outlining some of the major events that occurred during the period, as well as forward-looking statements.
•
Results of Operations
- an in-depth analysis of our financial and operational results for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
•
Liquidity and Capital Resources
- an overview of our financial position, analysis of cash flows, and relevant material cash commitments.
•
GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations and Operating Statistics
- reconciliations of reported non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable financial measures reported on a GAAP basis, as well as operating statistics we use to measure operating performance.
Dollar amounts in the MD&A are generally rounded to the nearest million. As a result, a manual recalculation of certain figures using these rounded amounts may not agree directly to our actual figures presented in the tables below.
Items affecting comparability
As Hawaiian Holdings, Inc. was acquired by Air Group on September 18, 2024, its financial results were not reflected in reported figures in the periods preceding the acquisition date. Due to the size of the two companies prior to the acquisition, the reported results for 2025 and 2024 are not comparable. To assist with the discussion of 2025 and 2024 results on a comparable basis and provide more meaningful discussion, certain supplemental unaudited pro forma income statement information is provided for the first quarter of 2024. Pro forma historical results were included with the Form 8-K filed on January 22, 2025. This information does not purport to reflect what our financial and operational results would have been had the acquisition been consummated at the beginning of the periods presented.
FIRST QUARTER REVIEW
Overview
We reported a loss before income tax under GAAP for the first quarter of 2025 of $233 million, compared to $178 million for the first quarter of 2024. On a pro forma basis, the pretax loss for the first quarter of 2024 was $343 million. Refer below for a more detailed discussion of the items impacting these results.
Labor update
In the first quarter, Alaska flight attendants, represented by the Association of Flight Attendants (AFA), ratified a new three-year Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) that includes wage increases and other improvements to benefits. Horizon is in negotiations with its pilots, represented by International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT), and its flight attendants, represented by AFA, for updated CBAs.
Subsequent to quarter end, Horizon technicians, represented by the Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association (AMFA) ratified a four-year CBA and Hawaiian flight attendants, represented by AFA, ratified a three-year extension of their existing CBA.
23
Alaska and Hawaiian are working towards joint collective bargaining agreements (JCBA) for workgroups represented by common unions. Alaska and Hawaiian have Transition and Process Agreements for certain workgroups which define the process for negotiating JCBAs and set forth interim agreements until a JCBA is reached.
Outlook
We remain focused on the successful integration of Hawaiian into Air Group. Looking ahead to the second quarter, on a pro forma basis, we anticipate capacity growth of 2% to 3%. We anticipate the percent change in unit revenue to be flat to down low single digits and the percent change in unit cost to be up mid to high single digits. Given recent economic uncertainty and volatility, we are not providing an update to our full year 2025 guidance. We are assessing a variety of scenarios, and expect to be profitable in 2025 even if revenue remains pressured throughout the second half of the year. Despite the softer macroeconomic outlook, areas of our business within our control are performing well and in line with our prior expectations.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
PRO FORMA OPERATING STATISTICS
Below are operating statistics presented on a pro forma basis, which assumes Hawaiian is included in both 2024 and 2025.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 As Reported | 2024 Hawaiian Airlines |
2024 Pro forma
|
% Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Operating Statistics: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue passengers (000) | 13,159 | 9,774 | 2,621 | 12,395 | 6.2% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RPMs (000,000) "traffic" | 17,257 | 12,524 | 4,073 | 16,597 | 4.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ASMs (000,000) "capacity" | 21,219 | 15,378 | 5,051 | 20,429 | 3.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Load factor | 81.3% | 81.4% | 80.6% | 81.2% | 0.1 pts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yield | 16.28¢ | 16.00¢ | 14.26¢ | 15.57¢ | 4.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PRASM | 13.24¢ | 13.03¢ | 11.50¢ | 12.66¢ | 4.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RASM | 14.79¢ | 14.51¢ | 12.78¢ | 14.08¢ | 5.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CASMex | 11.89¢ | 11.60¢ | 11.82¢ | 11.65¢ | 2.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Economic fuel cost per gallon | $2.61 | $3.08 | $2.88 | $3.02 | (13.6)% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fuel gallons (000,000) | 262 | 188 | 68 | 256 | 2.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Departures (000) | 123.8 | 95.7 | 20.3 | 116.0 | 6.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average full-time equivalent employees (FTEs) | 29,773 | 23,013 | 6,705 | 29,718 | 0.2% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PRO FORMA OPERATING REVENUE
On a pro forma basis, total operating revenue increased $260 million or 9%. The changes, including the reconciliation of the impact of Hawaiian on the combined results, are summarized in the following table:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 As Reported |
2024 Hawaiian Airlines
(a)
|
2024 Pro forma
|
$ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Passenger revenue | $ | 2,808 | $ | 2,004 | $ | 581 | $ | 2,585 | $ | 223 | 9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loyalty program other revenue | 207 | 164 | 29 | 193 | 14 | 7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cargo and other revenue | 122 | 64 | 35 | 99 | 23 | 23% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Revenue | $ | 3,137 | $ | 2,232 | $ | 645 | $ | 2,877 | $ | 260 | 9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a) As provided on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 22, 2025, including certain immaterial reclassification and policy adjustments.
24
The table below presents total operating revenue by principal geographic region (as defined by the U.S. Department of Transportation) and the percentage of change of certain operational results on a pro forma basis for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
% Change vs. Pro forma Prior Year
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) |
Total Operating Revenue
|
Passenger Revenue
|
RPMs
|
ASMs
|
Yield
|
PRASM
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Domestic
|
$ | 2,742 | 9% | 5% | 5% | 4% | 3% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Latin America
|
242 | 8% | (1)% | (1)% | 9% | 9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Pacific
|
153 | 1% | —% | (7)% | —% | 7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Total
|
$ | 3,137 | 9% | 4% | 4% | 5% | 5% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger revenue
On a pro forma basis, Passenger revenue increased $223 million, or 9%, as traffic increased by 4% and yield grew by 5%. Hawaiian passenger revenue has improved meaningfully compared to 2024, driven by the integration of its operations into Air Group's combined network and increased asset utilization. Prior year results were negatively impacted by $150 million due to the B737-9 grounding in the first quarter of 2024.
Loyalty program other revenue
On a pro forma basis, Loyalty program other revenue increased $14 million, or 7%, due to higher commission revenue from bank card and third party partners driven by increased consumer spend. Incremental credit card acquisitions of the Alaska Airlines Visa Signature and Hawaiian Airlines World Elite Mastercard co-branded credit cards also contributed to the increase.
Cargo and other revenue
On a pro forma basis, Cargo and other revenue increased $23 million, or 23%, driven by an additional B737-800F aircraft in Alaska's cargo fleet and six additional A330-300F aircraft in Hawaiian's cargo fleet, utilized under the ATSA with Amazon, since the first quarter of 2024.
PRO FORMA OPERATING EXPENSES
On a pro forma basis, total operating expenses increased $132 million, or 4%. The changes, including the reconciliation of the impact of Hawaiian on the combined results, are summarized below. We believe it is useful to summarize operating expenses as follows, which is consistent with the way expenses are reported internally and evaluated by management:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 As Reported |
2024 Hawaiian Airlines
(a)
|
2024 Pro forma
|
$ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses | $ | 681 | $ | 565 | $ | 194 | $ | 759 | $ | (78) | (10)% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-fuel operating expenses, excluding special items | 2,562 | 1,799 | 602 | 2,401 | 161 | 7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special items - operating | 91 | $ | 34 | $ | 8 | 42 | 49 | 117% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | $ | 3,334 | $ | 2,398 | $ | 804 | $ | 3,202 | $ | 132 | 4% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a) As provided on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 22, 2025, including certain immaterial reclassification and policy adjustments and the impact of purchase accounting.
25
Fuel expense
Aircraft fuel expense includes raw fuel expense plus the effect of mark-to-market adjustments to our fuel hedge portfolio as the value of that portfolio increases and decreases. Our aircraft fuel expense can be volatile because it includes these gains or losses in the value of the underlying instrument as crude oil prices increase or decrease. Raw fuel expense is defined as the price that we generally pay at the airport, or the “into-plane” price, including taxes and fees. Raw fuel prices are impacted by world oil prices and refining costs, which can vary by region in the U.S. Raw fuel expense approximates cash paid to suppliers and does not reflect the effect of our fuel hedges.
Alaska's fuel hedge program was suspended in 2023 and all remaining positions were settled as of March 31, 2025. Hawaiian's fuel hedge program, which uses crude oil call options, was suspended in the first quarter of 2025, and has open positions, based in Brent crude oil, that will settle through the third quarter of 2025. The call options are designed to effectively cap the cost of the crude oil component of our jet fuel purchases. With call options, we are hedged against volatile crude oil price increases and, during a period of decline in crude oil prices, we only forfeit cash previously paid for hedge premiums.
A summary of Hawaiian's Brent crude positions is provided below:
| Approximate % of Hawaiian's Expected Fuel Requirements | Weighted-Average Crude Oil Price per Barrel | Average Premium Cost per Barrel | |||||||||||||||
| Hawaiian: | |||||||||||||||||
| Second Quarter of 2025 | 19 | % | $93 | $2 | |||||||||||||
| Third Quarter of 2025 | 5 | % | $91 | $2 | |||||||||||||
We evaluate economic fuel expense, which we define as raw fuel expense adjusted for the cash we receive from hedge counterparties for hedges that settle during the period and for the premium expense that we paid for those contracts. A key difference between aircraft fuel expense and economic fuel expense is the timing of gain or loss recognition on our hedge portfolio. Economic fuel expense includes gains and losses only when they are realized for those contracts that were settled during the period based on their original contract terms. We believe this is the best measure of the effect that fuel prices are currently having on our business as it most closely approximates the net cash outflow associated with purchasing fuel for our operations. Accordingly, many industry analysts evaluate our results using this measure, and it is the basis for most internal management reporting and incentive pay plans.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 |
2024 Pro forma
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except for per gallon amounts) | Dollars | Cost/Gal | Dollars | Cost/Gal | |||||||||||||||||||
| Raw or "into-plane" fuel cost | $ | 681 | $ | 2.60 | $ | 759 | $ | 2.96 | |||||||||||||||
| Losses on settled hedges | 3 | 0.01 | 15 | 0.06 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Economic fuel expense | 684 | 2.61 | 774 | 3.02 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments | (3) | (0.01) | (15) | (0.06) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses | $ | 681 | 2.60 | 759 | $ | 2.96 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fuel gallons | 262 | 256 | |||||||||||||||||||||
On a pro forma basis, aircraft fuel expense decreased $78 million, or 10%. Raw fuel expense decreased by 10%, primarily driven by lower refining margins associated with the conversion of crude oil to jet fuel, as well as lower per gallon costs on crude oil. Decreases were partially offset by higher fuel consumption consistent with increased capacity.
Losses recognized for hedges that settled during the first quarter were $3 million in 2025, compared to losses of $15 million in 2024. These amounts represent cash paid for premium expense, offset by any cash received from those hedges at settlement.
26
Non-fuel expense
The table below summarizes our operating expense line items, excluding fuel and other special items, on a pro forma basis. Generally, increases to these expenses are driven by capacity increases and growth of the Company's operations. Significant or unusual changes compared to 2024 on a pro forma basis are more fully described below.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 As Reported |
2024 Hawaiian Airlines
(a)
|
2024 Pro forma
|
$ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wages and benefits | $ | 1,127 | $ | 804 | $ | 257 | $ | 1,061 | $ | 66 | 6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable incentive pay | 62 | 44 | 5 | 49 | 13 | 27% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft maintenance | 220 | 122 | 76 | 198 | 22 | 11% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft rent | 62 | 47 | 15 | 62 | — | —% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Landing fees and rentals | 242 | 165 | 47 | 212 | 30 | 14% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contracted services | 145 | 97 | 32 | 129 | 16 | 12% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling expenses | 100 | 77 | 30 | 107 | (7) | (7)% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 194 | 126 | 53 | 179 | 15 | 8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage service | 85 | 58 | 22 | 80 | 5 | 6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third-party regional carrier expense | 64 | 54 | — | 54 | 10 | 19% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 261 | 205 | 65 | 270 | (9) | (3)% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-fuel operating expenses, excluding special items | $ | 2,562 | $ | 1,799 | $ | 602 | $ | 2,401 | $ | 161 | 7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a) As provided on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 22, 2025, including certain immaterial reclassification and policy adjustments.
Wages and benefits
The primary components of wages and benefits, including a reconciliation of 2024 on a pro forma basis, are shown in the following table:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 As Reported | 2024 Hawaiian Airlines |
2024 Pro forma
|
$ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wages | $ | 847 | $ | 609 | $ | 182 | $ | 791 | $ | 56 | 7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension - Defined benefit plans | 7 | 7 | 3 | 10 | (3) | (30)% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Defined contribution plans | 86 | 61 | 21 | 82 | 4 | 5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Medical and other benefits | 122 | 83 | 32 | 115 | 7 | 6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payroll taxes | 65 | 44 | 19 | 63 | 2 | 3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Wages and benefits | $ | 1,127 | $ | 804 | $ | 257 | $ | 1,061 | $ | 66 | 6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
On a pro forma basis, wages and benefits increased by $66 million, or 6%, driven by higher wage rates across multiple labor groups since the first quarter of 2024. Increases were partially offset by nonrecurring wages from irregular operations following the B737-9 grounding in the first quarter of 2024.
Variable incentive pay
On a pro forma basis, variable incentive pay increased $13 million, or 27%, due to the inclusion of Hawaiian employees in the Company's Performance-Based Pay program in 2025, as well as an increased wage base.
Aircraft maintenance
On a pro forma basis, aircraft maintenance increased $22 million, or 11%, driven by higher rates for outside maintenance work, additional maintenance projects, and the addition of certain E175 engines to Horizon's power-by-the-hour contract since the first quarter of 2024.
27
Landing fees and other rentals
On a pro forma basis, landing fees and other rentals increased $30 million, or 14%, driven by increased volume of departures and landed weight. Increases to terminal rents were driven by higher rates and growth throughout the combined network.
Contracted services
On a pro forma basis, contracted services increased $16 million, or 12%, driven by higher rates charged by vendors as well as increased passengers throughout our combined network.
Depreciation and amortization
On a pro forma basis, depreciation and amortization increased $15 million, or 8%, primarily due to the addition of 20 owned aircraft to our airlines' fleets since the first quarter of 2024. Incremental depreciation on ground service and other equipment also contributed to the increase.
Third-party regional carrier expense
Third-party regional carrier expense, which represents payments made to SkyWest under the CPA with Alaska, increased $10 million, or 19%, driven by incremental departures and block hours operated by SkyWest.
Special items - operating
On a pro forma basis, special items increased $49 million, or 117%, driven by contractual changes to Alaska flight attendants' sick leave benefits and additional integration costs associated with the acquisition of Hawaiian Airlines. Fleet transition costs in the first quarter of 2024 did not recur in 2025.
Additional Segment Information
Refer to Note 11 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a detailed description of each segment and a reconciliation of segment results to consolidated Air Group results. Below is a summary of each segment's results for the first quarter of 2025.
Alaska Airlines
Alaska Airlines reported a pretax loss, excluding special items and other adjustments, of $55 million in the first quarter of 2025, compared to a loss of $162 million in the same period in 2024. The $107 million improvement was primarily due to lost revenue and additional operational costs resulting from the B737-9 grounding in the first quarter of 2024. Growth in departures and revenue passengers also contributed to the increase. The improvement was partially offset by an increase in non-fuel operating expenses, driven largely by higher wages and variable costs associated with increased capacity.
Hawaiian Airlines
Hawaiian Airlines reported a pretax loss, excluding special items and other adjustments, of $88 million in the first quarter of 2025, compared to a loss on a pro forma basis of $173 million in the first quarter of 2024. Improved results were primarily driven by incorporating Hawaiian into Air Group's combined network, improved asset utilization, and lower fuel costs per gallon.
Regional
Regional reported a pretax loss of $10 million, excluding special items and other adjustments, in the first quarter of 2025, compared to a loss of $2 million in the same period in 2024. Higher operating expenses associated with increased capacity were partially offset by higher passenger revenue consistent with the increase in traffic.
28
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As of March 31, 2025, we had cash and marketable securities of $2.5 billion. Our airlines have 113 unencumbered aircraft, which can be financed if necessary, and an $850 million bank line-of-credit facility with no outstanding borrowings. We expect our current cash and marketable securities balance, combined with our available sources of liquidity, are sufficient to fund our liquidity needs for the next 12 months. We expect to meet our liquidity needs for the foreseeable future using cash flows from our operations, our available sources of liquidity, and future financing arrangements. We discuss our sources and uses of cash in more detail below.
Operating cash flows
Cash provided by operating activities was $459 million during the first three months of 2025. Advance ticket sales and our co-branded credit card agreements are the primary sources of our operating cash flow. Our primary use of operating cash flow is for operating expenses, including payments for employee wages and benefits, aircraft fuel, payments to suppliers for goods and services, payments to lessors and airport authorities for leased aircraft, rents, and landing fees, and interest expense for our debt obligations. Additionally, we paid more than $300 million to employees in recognition of their 2024 Performance-Based Pay program achievements.
Investing cash flows
Capital expenditures to acquire aircraft, flight equipment, and other property and equipment are the primary purpose of our investing cash flow. We plan to incur approximately $1.4 billion to $1.6 billion in capital expenditures for 2025. We discuss our aircraft-related commitments in more detail below.
Cash used in investing activities was $381 million during the first three months of 2025. Property and equipment expenditures were $238 million, driven by the addition of one B787-9 aircraft as well as other flight equipment and ground equipment purchases. Net purchases of marketable securities were $134 million in 2025.
Financing cash flows
Cash provided by new financing arrangements is the primary source of our financing cash flow. Our primary uses of financing cash flow are payments of our debt and finance lease obligations, as well as share repurchases. Refer to Note 5 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a detailed discussion of our debt balances, including a schedule outlining the time period of future payments.
Cash used in financing activities was $236 million during the first three months of 2025. Debt payments in the quarter were $156 million and cash paid for share repurchases was $105 million.
29
Indicators of financial condition and liquidity
The table below presents the major indicators of financial condition and liquidity:
| (in millions) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
|
Cash and marketable securities
(a)
|
$ | 2,464 | $ | 2,475 | —% | ||||||||||||
| Cash, marketable securities, and unused lines of credit as a percentage of trailing twelve months' revenue | 26 | % | 28 | % | (2) pts | ||||||||||||
|
Long-term debt, net of current portion
|
$ | 4,290 | $ | 4,491 | (4)% | ||||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity | $ | 4,137 | $ | 4,372 | (5)% | ||||||||||||
(a) Excludes restricted cash of $28 million as of March 31, 2025 and $29 million as of December 31, 2024.
| Debt-to-capitalization, including leases | |||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | March 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current portion | $ | 4,290 | $ | 4,491 | (4)% | ||||||||||||
| Capitalized operating leases | 1,414 | 1,405 | 1% | ||||||||||||||
|
Capitalized finance leases
|
53 | 55 | (4)% | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted debt, net of current portion of long-term debt | $ | 5,757 | $ | 5,951 | (3)% | ||||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity | 4,137 | 4,372 | (5)% | ||||||||||||||
| Total invested capital | $ | 9,894 | $ | 10,323 | (4)% | ||||||||||||
| Debt-to-capitalization ratio, including leases | 58 | % | 58 | % | — pts | ||||||||||||
Material cash commitments
We have various contractual obligations that require material future outlays of cash. These obligations include the purchase of aircraft and other flight equipment, payments for Alaska's CPA with SkyWest, debt service payments, lease payments for aircraft and other property and equipment, costs for aircraft and engine maintenance, sponsorship and license agreements, and other miscellaneous agreements for services associated with operating and marketing our airlines. We also anticipate we may have material cash outlays associated with new technologies for the future of the business. Currently, Alaska and Hawaiian have agreements to purchase sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to be delivered in the coming years. These agreements are dependent on suppliers' ability to obtain all required governmental and regulatory approvals, achieve commercial operation, and produce sufficient quantities of SAF.
We expect to satisfy these obligations using cash flows from our operations, our available sources of liquidity, and future financing arrangements. Within the notes accompanying our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, refer to Note 5 for discussion of scheduled debt obligations and Note 7 for discussion of aircraft-related purchase commitments and CPA obligations.
As of March 31, 2025, Alaska had firm orders to purchase 70 B737 aircraft with deliveries expected between 2025 and 2029. Alaska also had rights for 100 additional B737 aircraft through 2030. Hawaiian had firm orders to purchase 9 B787-9 aircraft with deliveries expected between 2025 and 2028. Horizon had firm orders to purchase 5 E175 aircraft with deliveries between 2025 and 2026.
Boeing has communicated that certain B737 and B787-9 aircraft are expected to be delivered later than the contracted delivery timing. For Alaska, this includes certain B737-9 aircraft contracted for delivery in 2024 that have moved to 2025, certain B737-8 aircraft contracted for delivery in 2024 and 2025 that have moved later in the contracted year or into the year following the contracted delivery, and certain B737-10 aircraft contracted for delivery in 2025 and 2026 that have moved to 2026 or 2027, pending certification of the aircraft type. For Hawaiian, this includes certain B787-9 aircraft contracted for delivery between 2024 and 2026 that have been moved later into the contracted year or into the year following the contracted delivery. Management expects that other Boeing aircraft deliveries could be delayed beyond the contractual delivery. The table below summarizes our fleet plan, reflecting Boeing's communications and management's internal expectations.
30
| Actual Fleet | Anticipated Fleet Activity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aircraft | March 31, 2025 | 2025 Changes | Dec 31, 2025 | 2026 Changes | Dec 31, 2026 | 2027 Changes | Dec 31, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Alaska Airlines Fleet:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-700 Freighters | 3 | — | 3 | — | 3 | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-800 Freighters | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-700 | 11 | — | 11 | — | 11 | — | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-800 | 59 | — | 59 | — | 59 | — | 59 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-900 | 5 | (5) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-900ER | 79 | — | 79 | — | 79 | — | 79 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-8 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 6 | 20 | — | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-9 | 76 | 4 | 80 | — | 80 | — | 80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B737-10 | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 17 | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Total Alaska Airlines Fleet
|
240 | 8 | 248 | 9 | 257 | 17 | 274 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Hawaiian Airlines Fleet:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
A330-300 Freighters
(a)
|
8 | 2 | 10 | — | 10 | — | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A330-200 | 24 | — | 24 | — | 24 | — | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A321neo | 18 | — | 18 | — | 18 | — | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B717-200 | 19 | — | 19 | — | 19 | — | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| B787-9 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Total Hawaiian Airlines Fleet
|
72 | 4 | 76 | 2 | 78 | 3 | 81 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regional Fleet: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| E175 operated by Horizon | 45 | 2 | 47 | 3 | 50 | — | 50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| E175 operated by third party | 42 | 1 | 43 | — | 43 | — | 43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Regional Fleet | 87 | 3 | 90 | 3 | 93 | — | 93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Air Group Fleet | 399 | 15 | 414 | 14 | 428 | 20 | 448 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a) A330-300 freighter aircraft to be utilized under the ATSA with Amazon. The ATSA provides for the operation of ten aircraft with customer options to expand the fleet.
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS AND OPERATING STATISTICS
We are providing reconciliations of reported non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable financial measures reported on a GAAP basis. We believe that consideration of these non-GAAP financial measures may be important to investors for the following reasons:
•
By excluding certain costs from our unit metrics, we believe that we have better visibility into the results of operations. Our industry is highly competitive and is characterized by high fixed costs, so even a small reduction in non-fuel operating costs can result in a significant improvement in operating results. We believe that all U.S. carriers are similarly impacted by changes in jet fuel costs over the long run, so it is important for management and investors to understand the impact of company-specific cost drivers which are more controllable by management. We adjust for expenses related directly to our freighter aircraft operations, including those costs incurred under the ATSA with Amazon, to allow for better comparability to other carriers that do not operate freighter aircraft. We also exclude certain special charges as they are unusual or nonrecurring in nature and adjusting for these expenses allows management and investors to better understand our cost performance.
•
CASMex is one of the most important measures used by management and by the Air Group Board of Directors in assessing cost performance. CASMex is also a measure commonly used by industry analysts, and we believe it is the basis by which they have historically compared our airline to others in the industry. The measure is also the subject of frequent questions from investors.
•
Adjusted pretax income is an important metric for the employee incentive plan, which covers the majority of Air Group employees.
31
•
Disclosure of the individual impact of certain noted items provides investors the ability to measure and monitor performance both with and without these special items. We believe that disclosing the impact of these items as noted above is important because it provides information on significant items that are not necessarily indicative of future performance. Industry analysts and investors consistently measure our performance without these items for better comparability between periods and among other airlines.
•
Although we disclose our unit revenue, we do not, nor are we able to, evaluate unit revenue excluding the impact that changes in fuel costs have had on ticket prices. Fuel expense represents a large percentage of our total operating expenses. Fluctuations in fuel prices often drive changes in unit revenue in the mid-to-long term. Although we believe it is useful to evaluate non-fuel unit costs for the reasons noted above, we would caution readers of these financial statements not to place undue reliance on unit costs excluding fuel as a measure or predictor of future profitability because of the significant impact of fuel costs on our business.
Although we are presenting these non-GAAP amounts for the reasons above, investors and other readers should not consider them a substitute for GAAP figures.
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS (unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Loss before income tax | $ | (233) | $ | (178) | |||||||
| Adjusted for: | |||||||||||
| Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustment | (3) | (13) | |||||||||
| Losses on foreign debt | 5 | — | |||||||||
| Special items - operating | 91 | 34 | |||||||||
| Adjusted loss before income tax | $ | (140) | $ | (157) | |||||||
| Pretax margin | (7.4) | % | (8.0) | % | |||||||
| Adjusted pretax margin | (4.5) | % | (7.0) | % | |||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | Dollars | Per Share | Dollars | Per Share | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (166) | $ | (1.35) | $ | (132) | $ | (1.05) | |||||||||||||||
| Adjusted for: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mark-to-market fuel hedge adjustments | (3) | (0.02) | (13) | (0.10) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Losses on foreign debt | 5 | 0.04 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Special items - operating | 91 | 0.74 | 34 | 0.27 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax effect of adjustments above | (22) | (0.18) | (5) | (0.04) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net loss | $ | (95) | $ | (0.77) | $ | (116) | $ | (0.92) | |||||||||||||||
32
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
|
(in millions, except unit metrics)
|
2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 3,334 | $ | 2,398 | |||||||
| Less the following components: | |||||||||||
| Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses | 681 | 565 | |||||||||
| Freighter costs | 41 | 15 | |||||||||
| Special items - operating | 91 | 34 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses, excluding fuel, freighter costs, and special items | $ | 2,521 | $ | 1,784 | |||||||
| ASMs | 21,219 | 15,378 | |||||||||
| CASMex | 11.89 | ¢ | 11.60 | ¢ | |||||||
OPERATING STATISTICS (unaudited)
Below are operating statistics we use to measure operating performance. Figures for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are as previously reported and do not include Hawaiian operations.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | Change | |||||||||||||||
|
Consolidated Operating Statistics
(a)
:
|
|||||||||||||||||
| Revenue passengers (000) | 13,159 | 9,774 | 34.6% | ||||||||||||||
| RPMs (000,000) "traffic" | 17,257 | 12,524 | 37.8% | ||||||||||||||
| ASMs (000,000) "capacity" | 21,219 | 15,378 | 38.0% | ||||||||||||||
| Load factor | 81.3% | 81.4% | (0.1) pts | ||||||||||||||
| Yield | 16.28¢ | 16.00¢ | 1.8% | ||||||||||||||
| PRASM | 13.24¢ | 13.03¢ | 1.6% | ||||||||||||||
| RASM | 14.79¢ | 14.51¢ | 1.9% | ||||||||||||||
| CASMex | 11.89¢ | 11.60¢ | 2.5% | ||||||||||||||
|
Economic fuel cost per gallon
(b)(c)
|
$2.61 | $3.08 | (15.3)% | ||||||||||||||
|
Fuel gallons (000,000)
(c)
|
262 | 188 | 39.4% | ||||||||||||||
| ASMs per gallon | 80.9 | 81.8 | (1.1)% | ||||||||||||||
| Departures (000) | 123.8 | 95.7 | 29.4% | ||||||||||||||
| Average full-time equivalent employees (FTEs) | 29,773 | 23,013 | 29.4% | ||||||||||||||
|
Operating fleet
(d)
|
399 | 315 | 84 a/c | ||||||||||||||
|
Alaska Airlines Operating Statistics:
|
|||||||||||||||||
| RPMs (000,000) "traffic" | 11,723 | 11,422 | 2.6% | ||||||||||||||
| ASMs (000,000) "capacity" | 14,345 | 14,035 | 2.2% | ||||||||||||||
| Economic fuel cost per gallon | $2.61 | $3.05 | (14.4)% | ||||||||||||||
|
Hawaiian Airlines Operating Statistics:
|
|||||||||||||||||
| RPMs (000,000) "traffic" | 4,307 | — | n/a | ||||||||||||||
| ASMs (000,000) "capacity" | 5,366 | — | n/a | ||||||||||||||
|
Economic fuel cost per gallon
(c)
|
$2.50 | — | n/a | ||||||||||||||
|
Regional Operating Statistics:
(e)
|
|||||||||||||||||
| RPMs (000,000) "traffic" | 1,227 | 1,102 | 11.3% | ||||||||||||||
| ASMs (000,000) "capacity" | 1,508 | 1,343 | 12.3% | ||||||||||||||
| Economic fuel cost per gallon | $2.80 | $3.27 | (14.4)% | ||||||||||||||
(a)
Except for FTEs, data includes information related to third-party regional capacity purchase flying arrangements.
(b)
See reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure to the most directly related GAAP measure in the accompanying pages.
(c)
Excludes operations under the Air Transportation Services Agreement (ATSA) with Amazon.
33
(d)
Includes aircraft owned and leased by Alaska, Hawaiian, and Horizon as well as aircraft operated by third-party regional carriers under capacity purchase agreements. Excludes all aircraft removed from operating service.
(e)
Data presented includes information related to flights operated by Horizon and third-party carriers.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2025. For information regarding our critical accounting estimates, see Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Aircraft Utilization
- block hours per day; this represents the average number of hours per day our aircraft are in transit
Aircraft Stage Length
- represents the average miles flown per aircraft departure
ASMs
- available seat miles, or “capacity”; represents total seats available across the fleet multiplied by the number of miles flown
CASM
- operating costs per ASM; represents all operating expenses including fuel, freighter costs, and special items
CASMex
- operating costs excluding fuel, freighter costs, and special items per ASM, or "unit cost"
Debt-to-capitalization ratio
- represents adjusted debt (long-term debt plus capitalized operating and finance lease liabilities) divided by total equity plus adjusted debt
Diluted Earnings per Share
- represents earnings per share (EPS) using fully diluted shares outstanding
Diluted Shares
- represents the total number of shares that would be outstanding if all possible sources of conversion, such as stock options, were exercised
Economic Fuel
- best estimate of the cash cost of fuel, net of the impact of our fuel-hedging program and excluding operations under the Air Transportation Service Agreement (ATSA) with Amazon
Freighter Costs -
operating expenses directly attributable to the operation of Alaska's B737 freighter aircraft and Hawaiian's A330-300 freighter aircraft exclusively performing cargo missions
Load Factor
- RPMs as a percentage of ASMs; represents the number of available seats that were filled with revenue passengers
PRASM
- passenger revenue per ASM, or "passenger unit revenue"
RASM
- operating revenue per ASMs, or "unit revenue"; operating revenue includes all passenger revenue, freight & mail, loyalty program revenue, and other ancillary revenue; represents the average total revenue for flying one seat one mile
RPMs
- revenue passenger miles, or "traffic"; represents the number of seats that were filled with revenue passengers; one passenger traveling one mile is one RPM
Yield
- passenger revenue per RPM; represents the average passenger revenue for flying one passenger one mile
34
| ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK | ||
There have been no material changes in market risk from the information provided in Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
35
| ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | ||
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of March 31, 2025, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer (collectively, our “certifying officers”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. These disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in our periodic reports filed with or submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC's rules and forms, and includes, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our certifying officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our certifying officers concluded, based on their evaluation, that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2025.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
On September 18, 2024, we acquired Hawaiian Holdings, Inc. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we are making progress in further integrating Hawaiian in our evaluation of internal controls over financial reporting for the combined company. As the integration continues and business processes evolve, management will continue to evaluate the existing internal controls over financial reporting for change.
Except as noted above, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
Our internal control over financial reporting is based on the 2013 framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO Framework).
36
PART II
| ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | ||
See Note 7 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements within Part I, Item 1 of this document for a discussion of the Company's ongoing legal proceedings.
| ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS | ||
See Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors," in our 2024 Form 10-K for a detailed discussion of risk factors affecting Alaska Air Group.
| ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | ||
The below table provides certain information with respect to our purchases of shares of our common stock during the first quarter of 2025. The shares were purchased pursuant to a $1 billion repurchase plan authorized by the Board of Directors in December 2024.
|
Total Number of
Shares Purchased |
Average Price
Paid per Share |
Maximum remaining
dollar value of shares
that can be purchased
under the plan
(in millions)
|
|||||||||||||||
| January 1, 2025 - January 31, 2025 | 314,480 | $ | 67.80 | ||||||||||||||
| February 1, 2025 - February 28, 2025 | 357,221 | 73.62 | |||||||||||||||
| March 1, 2025 - March 31, 2025 | 1,094,715 | 54.95 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 1,766,416 | $ | 61.02 | $ | 893 | ||||||||||||
As taxpayer protection required under the PSP under the CARES Act, the Company granted the U.S. government a total of 1,455,437 warrants to purchase ALK common stock in 2020 and 2021. An additional 427,080 warrants were issued in conjunction with a draw on the CARES Act Loan in 2020. In 2024, the warrants were sold at auction to a third party investor. In March 2025, 1,660,705 of the warrants were exercised, with an exercise price of $31.61 for 1,355,206 warrants and $52.25 for 305,499 warrants, in a net share settlement for 809,768 shares of ALK common stock. The shares of common stock issued in connection with the warrant exercise were issued without registration in reliance on the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
| ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | ||
None.
| ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES | ||
None.
| ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION | ||
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, no director or officer of Alaska Air Group
adopted
, modified, or
terminated
a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement, as such terms are defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
37
| ITEM 6. EXHIBITS | ||
The following documents are filed as part of this report:
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
Exhibit
Number |
Exhibit
Description |
Form | Date of First Filing | Exhibit Number | ||||||||||
| 3.1 | 10-Q | August 3, 2017 | 3.1 | |||||||||||
| 3.2 | 8-K | December 15, 2015 | 3.2 | |||||||||||
| 10.1*#† |
10-Q
|
|||||||||||||
| 31.1† | 10-Q | |||||||||||||
| 31.2† | 10-Q | |||||||||||||
| 32.1† | 10-Q | |||||||||||||
| 32.2† | 10-Q | |||||||||||||
| 101.INS† | XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document. | |||||||||||||
| 101.SCH† | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||||||||
| 101.CAL† | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||||||||
| 101.DEF† | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||||||||
| 101.LAB† | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |||||||||||||
| 101.PRE† | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |||||||||||||
| 104† | Cover Page Interactive Data File - The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | |||||||||||||
| † | Filed herewith | |||||||||||||
| * | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. | |||||||||||||
| # | Certain portions of this document that constitute confidential information have been redacted in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 601(b)(10). | |||||||||||||
38
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC. | |||||
| /s/ EMILY HALVERSON | |||||
| Emily Halverson | |||||
| Vice President Finance, Controller, and Treasurer | |||||
| May 8, 2025 | |||||
39
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part IprintItem 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial StatementsprintNote 1. General and Summary Of Significant Accounting PoliciesprintNote 2. Acquisition Of Hawaiian Holdings, IncprintNote 3. RevenueprintNote 4. Fair Value MeasurementsprintNote 5. DebtprintNote 6. Employee Benefit PlansprintNote 7. Commitments and ContingenciesprintNote 8. Shareholders' EquityprintNote 9. Loss Per ShareprintNote 10. Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossprintNote 11. Operating Segment InformationprintNote 12. Special ItemsprintItem 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of OperationsprintItem 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market RiskprintItem 4. Controls and ProceduresprintPart IIprintItem 1. Legal ProceedingsprintItem 1A. Risk FactorsprintItem 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of ProceedsprintItem 3. Defaults Upon Senior SecuritiesprintItem 4. Mine Safety DisclosuresprintItem 5. Other InformationprintItem 6. Exhibitsprint