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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended
September 30,
2025
or
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number:
001-40493
Atai Beckley N.V.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
The
Netherlands
Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
Prof. J.H. Bavincklaan 7
1183 AT
Amstelveen
The
Netherlands
Not Applicable
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
+
49 89
2153 9035
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading
Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common shares, par value €0.10 per share
ATAI
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
(Nasdaq Global Market)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes
☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes
☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☐
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☒
Smaller reporting company
☒
Emerging growth company
☒
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
☒
As of November 10, 2025, the registrant h
ad
363,190,522
common shares, par value €0.10 per share, outstanding.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025 (the “Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements contained in this Quarterly Report other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, including without limitation statements regarding our future operating results and financial position; the success, cost, and timing of development of our product candidates, including the progress of preclinical studies and clinical trials and related milestones; the commercialization of our current product candidates and any other product candidates we may identify and pursue, if approved, including our ability to successfully build a specialty sales force and commercial infrastructure to market our current product candidates and any other product candidates we may identify and pursue; the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals; our business strategy and plans, including the benefits of our corporate restructuring and our pending corporate redomiciliation to the U.S.; potential acquisitions, partnerships and other strategic arrangements, including our recently completed transaction with Beckley Psytech Limited (“Beckley Psytech”); the ability to generate revenue from any current or future licensing agreements and other strategic arrangements, the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term securities to fund our operations; and the plans and objectives of management for future operations and capital expenditures. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “plan,” “potentially,” “preliminary,” “likely,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.
We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are neither promises nor guarantees, and are subject to a number of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including without limitation: we are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company and have incurred significant losses since our inception, and we expect to incur losses for the foreseeable future and may never be profitable; if we are unable to obtain funding when needed and on acceptable terms, we could be forced to delay, limit or discontinue our product candidate development efforts; our limited operating history may make it difficult for you to evaluate the success of our business and to assess our future viability; risks related to the transaction with Beckley Psytech including any challenges with integration and expectations regarding the anticipated benefits of the transaction; we rely on third parties to assist in conducting our clinical trials and some aspects of our research and preclinical testing; we currently rely on qualified therapists working at third-party clinical trial sites to administer certain of our product candidates in our clinical trials and we expect this to continue upon approval, if any, of our current or future product candidates, and if third-party sites fail to recruit and retain a sufficient number of therapists or effectively manage their therapists, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially harmed; our product candidates are in preclinical or clinical development, which is a lengthy and expensive process with uncertain outcomes, and we cannot give any assurance that any of our product candidates will be successfully developed and/or receive regulatory approval, which is necessary before they can be commercialized; research and development of drugs targeting the central nervous system, or CNS, is particularly difficult, and it can be difficult to predict and understand why a drug has a positive effect on some patients but not others, which may reduce the likelihood our product candidates are ultimately approved and therefore may have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results; the production and sale of our product candidates may be considered illegal or may otherwise be restricted due to the use of controlled substances, which may also have consequences for the legality of investments from foreign jurisdictions and therefore we may not be successful in commercializing our product candidates in such jurisdictions, which will adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations; we face significant competition in an environment of rapid technological and scientific change, and there is a possibility that our competitors may achieve regulatory approval before we do or develop therapies that are safer, more advanced or more effective than ours, which may negatively impact our ability to successfully market or commercialize any product candidates we may develop and ultimately harm our financial condition; if we are unable to obtain and maintain sufficient intellectual property protection for our existing product candidates or any other product candidates that we may identify, or if the scope of the intellectual property protection we currently have or obtain in the future is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop and commercialize product candidates similar or identical to ours, and our ability to successfully commercialize our existing product candidates and any other product candidates that we may pursue may be impaired; third parties may claim that we are infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating their intellectual property rights, the outcome of which would be uncertain and may prevent or delay our development and commercialization efforts; our future success depends on our ability to retain key employees, directors, consultants and advisors and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel; if we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired; our business is subject to economic, political, regulatory and other risks associated with international operations; a pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of an infectious disease, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may materially and adversely affect our business, including our preclinical studies, clinical trials, trial sites, third parties on whom we rely, our supply chain, our ability to raise capital, our ability to conduct regular business and our financial results, and other risks, uncertainties, and assumptions described under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7 of Part II and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Form 10-K”), as further updated in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, in “Management’s
1
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 2 of this Quarterly Report, and in our subsequent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Any forward-looking statements made herein speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report, and you should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results, performance, or achievements reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or will occur. Except as required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this Quarterly Report or to conform these statements to actual results or revised expectations.
GENERAL
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this Quarterly Report to “we,” “us,” “our,” “atai” or the “Company” refer to ATAI Life Sciences N.V and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the consummation of the strategic combination with Beckley Psytech (the “Beckley Psytech Transaction”) and to Atai Beckley N.V. and its consolidated subsidiaries after the consummation of the Beckley Psytech Transaction. References to "Quarterly Report" herein refer to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025 and references to “Form 10-K” and “Annual Report” herein refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
All reports we file with the SEC are available for download free of charge via the Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) System on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. We also make electronic copies of our reports available for download, free of charge, through our investor relations website at
ir.ataibeckley.com
as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such material with the SEC.
We may announce material business and financial information to our investors using our investor relations website at ir.
ataibeckley.com
. We therefore encourage investors and others interested in atai to review the information that we make available on our website, in addition to following our filings with the SEC, webcasts, press releases and conference calls. Information contained on our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of this Quarterly Report.
2
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
ATAI BECKLEY N.V.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANC
E SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
September 30,
December 31,
2025
2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
30,402
$
17,505
Securities carried at fair value
84,204
44,825
Short-term restricted cash for other investments
—
10,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
5,896
7,795
Short-term notes receivable - related party, net
10,164
—
Total current assets
130,666
80,125
Property and equipment, net
3,010
2,535
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
2,662
1,334
Other investments held at fair value
34,413
28,887
Other investments
53,947
42,079
Intangible assets, net
3,026
3,246
Goodwill
331
331
Digital assets
11,383
—
Other assets
382
850
Total assets
$
239,820
$
159,387
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
5,370
$
2,616
Accrued liabilities
10,464
9,847
Current portion of lease liabilities
532
477
Short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability - related party
—
1,150
Short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability
—
1,840
Current portion of long-term debt
—
6,374
Other current liabilities
178
2,647
Total current liabilities
16,544
24,951
Contingent consideration liability - related party
110
110
Contingent consideration liabilities
212
212
Noncurrent portion of lease liabilities
2,426
732
Pre-funded warrant liabilities
57,432
—
Long-term debt, net
—
14,133
Other liabilities
3,188
2,695
Total liabilities
$
79,912
$
42,833
Commitments and contingencies
(Note 19)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, €
0.10
par value ($
0.12
and $
0.10
par value at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively);
750,000,000
shares authorized at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively;
240,437,237
and
167,959,752
shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively
26,778
18,785
Additional paid-in capital
969,378
816,185
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(
20,964
)
(
18,466
)
Accumulated deficit
(
815,441
)
(
700,207
)
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. stockholders
159,751
116,297
Noncontrolling interests
157
257
Total stockholders’ equity
159,908
116,554
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
239,820
$
159,387
See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
ATAI BECKLEY N.V.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEME
N
TS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
For the three months ended September 30,
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
2025
2024
License revenue
$
—
$
40
$
202
$
313
Research and development services revenue
749
—
2,821
—
Total revenue
749
40
3,023
313
Operating expenses:
Research and development
14,680
12,377
37,100
36,513
General and administrative
14,505
10,265
40,002
36,226
Total operating expenses
29,185
22,642
77,102
72,739
Loss from operations
(
28,436
)
(
22,602
)
(
74,079
)
(
72,426
)
Other expense, net:
Interest income
504
160
938
585
Interest expense
—
(
783
)
(
1,164
)
(
2,172
)
Benefit from research and development tax credit
29
31
85
617
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net
(
32,598
)
(
1,964
)
(
45,100
)
(
33,764
)
Gain on other investments
—
—
3,794
—
Change in fair value of digital assets, net
199
—
1,415
—
Loss on extinguishment of debt
—
—
(
1,317
)
—
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net
(
15
)
770
1,901
676
Other expense, net
(
650
)
(
2,075
)
(
1,402
)
(
2,737
)
Total other expense, net
(
32,531
)
(
3,861
)
(
40,850
)
(
36,795
)
Net loss before income taxes
(
60,967
)
(
26,463
)
(
114,929
)
(
109,221
)
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
(
131
)
178
(
380
)
163
Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax
—
(
26
)
—
(
2,000
)
Net loss
(
61,098
)
(
26,311
)
(
115,309
)
(
111,058
)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
24
)
(
25
)
(
75
)
(
747
)
Net loss attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. stockholders
$
(
61,074
)
$
(
26,286
)
$
(
115,234
)
$
(
110,311
)
Net loss per share attributable to Atai Beckley N.V.
stockholders — basic and diluted
$
(
0.28
)
$
(
0.16
)
$
(
0.59
)
$
(
0.69
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding attributable
to Atai Beckley N.V. stockholders — basic and diluted
217,601,496
160,621,817
196,963,517
159,973,201
See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
ATAI BECKLEY N.V.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREH
ENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Amounts in thousands)
(unaudited)
For the three months ended September 30,
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
2025
2024
Net loss
$
(
61,098
)
$
(
26,311
)
$
(
115,309
)
$
(
111,058
)
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax
(
36
)
(
985
)
(
2,498
)
(
696
)
Comprehensive loss
$
(
61,134
)
$
(
27,296
)
$
(
117,807
)
$
(
111,754
)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
24
)
(
25
)
(
75
)
(
747
)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
6
)
(
22
)
(
25
)
(
11
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
30
)
(
47
)
(
100
)
(
758
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. stockholders
$
(
61,104
)
$
(
27,249
)
$
(
117,707
)
$
(
110,996
)
See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
A
TAI BECKLEY N.V.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands, except share amounts)
(unaudited)
Total
Accumulated
Stockholders’
Additional
Other
Equity Attributable to
Total
Common Stock
Paid-In
Comprehensive
Accumulated
Atai Beckley N.V.
Noncontrolling
Stockholders’
Shares
Amount
Capital
Loss
Deficit
Stockholders
Interests
Equity
Balances at December 31, 2023
166,026,396
$
18,573
$
794,787
$
(
19,460
)
$
(
550,938
)
$
242,962
$
1,354
$
244,316
Issuance of shares upon restricted stock units vest
248,030
27
(
27
)
—
—
—
—
—
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
5,760
—
—
5,760
—
5,760
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
—
—
—
535
—
535
24
559
Net loss
—
—
—
—
(
26,713
)
(
26,713
)
(
665
)
(
27,378
)
Balances at March 31, 2024
166,274,426
$
18,600
$
800,520
$
(
18,925
)
$
(
577,651
)
$
222,544
$
713
$
223,257
Issuance of shares upon restricted stock units vest
1,221,033
135
(
135
)
—
—
-
—
-
Issuance of shares upon exercise of stock options
276,531
30
296
—
—
326
—
326
Adjustment to additional paid in capital upon acquiring additional interest in variable interest entity
—
—
(
115
)
—
—
(
115
)
—
(
115
)
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
6,282
—
—
6,282
—
6,282
Adjustment to additional paid in capital upon debt modification
—
—
(
3,590
)
—
—
(
3,590
)
—
(
3,590
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
—
—
-
(
246
)
—
(
246
)
(
13
)
(
259
)
Net loss
—
—
-
—
(
57,312
)
(
57,312
)
(
57
)
(
57,369
)
Balances at June 30, 2024
167,771,990
$
18,765
$
803,259
$
(
19,171
)
$
(
634,963
)
$
167,890
$
643
$
168,533
Issuance of shares upon exercise of stock options
46,326
5
50
—
—
55
—
55
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
5,046
—
—
5,046
—
5,046
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
—
—
—
(
985
)
—
(
985
)
(
22
)
(
1,007
)
Net loss
—
—
—
—
(
26,286
)
(
26,286
)
(
25
)
(
26,311
)
Balances at September 30, 2024
167,818,316
$
18,770
$
808,355
$
(
20,156
)
$
(
661,249
)
$
145,720
$
596
$
146,316
6
Total
Accumulated
Stockholders’
Additional
Other
Equity Attributable to
Total
Common Stock
Paid-In
Comprehensive
Accumulated
Atai Beckley N.V.
Noncontrolling
Stockholders’
Shares
Amount
Capital
Loss
Deficit
Stockholders
Interests
Equity
Balances at December 31, 2024
167,959,752
$
18,785
$
816,185
$
(
18,466
)
$
(
700,207
)
$
116,297
$
257
$
116,554
Issuance of shares upon exercise of stock options
627,655
67
330
—
—
397
—
397
Issuance of shares upon restricted stock units vest
1,069,057
118
(
118
)
—
—
—
—
—
Issuance of common shares, net of issuance costs of $
4.1
million
30,119,048
3,151
55,966
—
—
59,117
—
59,117
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
3,355
—
—
3,355
—
3,355
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
—
—
—
(
682
)
—
(
682
)
(
2
)
(
684
)
Net loss
—
—
—
—
(
26,431
)
(
26,431
)
(
34
)
(
26,465
)
Balances at March 31, 2025
199,775,512
$
22,121
$
875,718
$
(
19,148
)
$
(
726,638
)
$
152,053
$
221
$
152,274
Issuance of shares upon exercise of stock options
2,475,744
285
950
—
—
1,235
—
1,235
Issuance of common shares, net of issuance costs of $
1.1
million
9,993,341
1,141
16,132
—
—
17,273
—
17,273
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
2,686
—
—
2,686
—
2,686
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
—
—
—
(
1,780
)
—
(
1,780
)
(
17
)
(
1,797
)
Net loss
—
—
—
—
(
27,729
)
(
27,729
)
(
17
)
(
27,746
)
Balances at June 30, 2025
212,244,597
$
23,547
$
895,486
$
(
20,928
)
$
(
754,367
)
$
143,738
$
187
$
143,925
Issuance of shares upon exercise of stock options
3,741,896
433
5,062
—
—
5,495
—
5,495
Issuance of common shares, net of issuance costs of $
2.6
million
18,264,840
2,073
35,315
—
—
37,388
—
37,388
Conversion of convertible notes to common stock
6,185,904
725
30,222
—
—
30,947
—
30,947
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
3,293
—
—
3,293
—
3,293
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
—
—
—
(
36
)
—
(
36
)
(
6
)
(
42
)
Net loss
—
—
—
—
(
61,074
)
(
61,074
)
(
24
)
(
61,098
)
Balances at September 30, 2025
240,437,237
$
26,778
$
969,378
$
(
20,964
)
$
(
815,441
)
$
159,751
$
157
$
159,908
See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
ATAI BECKLEY N.V.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CAS
H FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
(unaudited)
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss
$
(
115,309
)
$
(
111,058
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of long-term assets
676
248
Noncash lease expense
381
202
Amortization of debt discount
176
327
Stock-based compensation expense
9,334
17,088
Noncash change in the fair value of assets and liabilities, net
46,299
35,965
Loss on sale of investment held at fair value
—
2,075
Gain on other investments
(
3,794
)
—
Noncash change in the fair value of digital assets, net
(
1,415
)
—
Loss on extinguishment of debt
1,317
—
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain)
(
2,002
)
(
789
)
Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax
—
2,000
Asset acquisition and milestone expense
3,000
—
Issuance costs allocated to pre-funded warrants
1,357
—
Other (income) expense, net
(
30
)
965
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets
1,909
(
1,599
)
Accounts payable
2,575
261
Accrued liabilities
330
(
3,827
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(
55,196
)
(
58,142
)
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale and maturities of securities carried at fair value
—
54,270
Proceeds from sale of other investment held at fair value
3,856
16,093
Cash paid for securities carried at fair value
(
38,881
)
—
Cash paid for other investments
(
10,000
)
(
10,000
)
Cash paid for digital assets
(
9,967
)
—
Cash paid for asset acquisition
(
3,000
)
—
Cash paid for short-term convertible notes receivable and warrant - related party
—
(
2,000
)
Cash paid for short term notes receivable - related party
(
10,000
)
(
5,745
)
Cash paid for capitalized internal-use software development costs
—
(
6
)
Cash paid for property and equipment
(
791
)
—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(
68,783
)
52,612
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from equity offerings, net of commissions
118,159
—
Proceeds from issuance of pre-funded warrants
21,503
—
Cash paid for common stock and pre-funded warrant issuance costs
(
5,730
)
—
Proceeds from conversion of convertible notes to common shares
7,711
—
Proceeds from issuance of shares upon exercise of stock options
7,126
381
Proceeds from debt financing
—
5,000
Cash paid for debt financing costs
—
(
161
)
Proceeds from other financing
148
—
Cash paid for debt extinguishment
(
21,811
)
—
Net cash provided by financing activities
127,106
5,220
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash
(
230
)
239
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
2,897
(
71
)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash – beginning of the period
27,505
45,034
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash – end of the period
$
30,402
$
44,963
Supplemental disclosures:
Cash paid for interest
$
793
$
1,654
Cash paid for taxes
$
121
$
376
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing information:
Right of use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
$
1,709
$
—
Common stock and pre-funded warrant issuance costs in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$
11
$
—
Purchase of property and equipment in accounts payable
$
103
$
—
Noncash exchange of convertible promissory note modification
$
—
$
3,586
Noncash commitment for debtor-in-possession loan
$
—
$
147
Noncash consideration for variable interest deconsolidation
$
—
$
115
See accompanying Notes to
the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial S
tatements.
8
ATAI BECKLEY N.V.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1. Or
ganization and Description of Business
Atai Beckley N.V. (“atai”, "Company") (formerly ATAI Life Sciences N.V.), headquartered in Amstelveen, Netherlands, is the parent company of ATAI Life Sciences GmbH (formerly ATAI Life Sciences AG) and, along with its subsidiaries, is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company aiming to create breakthroughs for people with difficult-to-treat mental health conditions. Originally founded in 2018, atai emerged from the urgent need for better mental health solutions for patients who are under-served by current treatment options. The Company is advancing a pipeline of interventional psychiatric product candidates designed to address the complex nature of mental health disorders. The Company believes that these investigational compounds have the potential to become fast-acting, durable, and commercially scalable therapies for mental health patients in need of new treatment options. On November 5, 2025, in connection with the Company’s strategic combination (the “Beckley Psytech Transaction”) with Beckley Psytech Limited (“Beckley Psytech”), as described further under Note 25, Subsequent Events, the Company changed its name from ATAI Life Sciences N.V. to Atai Beckley N.V.
Unless the context suggests otherwise, references to the “Company” or “atai” refer to ATAI Life Sciences N.V and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the consummation of the Beckley Psytech Transaction and to Atai Beckley N.V. and its consolidated subsidiaries after the consummation of the Beckley Psytech Transaction.
The Company's research is focused on developing rapid-acting, effective and durable mental health treatments that can deliver large-scale patient impact. The Company is committed to leading a new era of mental health treatment – one that not only offers relief from symptoms, but the possibility of an improved quality of life and lasting change.
The Company has built a diversified pipeline of drug and discovery development programs, including psychedelic and nonpsychedelic compounds. Psychedelics are emerging as novel therapies for mental health disorders, such as depression and, with growing scientific support, recent regulatory advancements and increasing patient and physician acceptance. There is a growing body of clinical evidence that supports the development of psychedelics, which the Company believes may have potential therapeutic benefits, such as a rapid onset of effect and sustained efficacy after a short-course of administration. The Company believes these programs, which include new molecular entities as well as variants of known compounds with unique pharmacology, have the potential to address unmet needs in mental health disorders.
These programs vary across stages of development, targeted indication and proposed mechanism of action, which the Company believes will improve the commercial potential and risk profile of our pipeline in the aggregate. The Company also prioritizes the development of, and investments in companies who are developing, compounds and compound classes that have shown potential for efficacy and safety in prior clinical trials or observational studies.
The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties common to clinical stage companies in the biotechnology industry, including, but not limited to, development by competitors of new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, third-party clinical research organizations and manufacturers, protection of proprietary intellectual property and technology, compliance with government regulations and the ability to secure additional capital to fund operations. Therapeutic candidates currently under development will require significant additional research and development (“R&D”) efforts, including preclinical and clinical testing and regulatory approval, prior to commercialization. These efforts require significant amounts of capital, adequate personnel and infrastructure and extensive compliance-reporting capabilities. Even if the Company’s therapeutic development efforts are successful, it is uncertain when, if ever, the Company will realize revenue from sales.
Beckley Psytech Limited
Beckley Psytech is a clinical stage biotechnology company dedicated to improving the lives of people suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders by transforming psychedelics into effective and rapid-acting clinical medicines. Its most advanced programs are focused on the development of psychedelic-based medicines to treat people with treatment resistant depression and major depressive disorder.
In June 2025, the Company announced it entered into a share purchase agreement by and among the Company, Beckley Psytech and certain other parties thereto (the “SPA”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire from the shareholders of Beckley Psytech the entire issued share capital of Beckley Psytech not already owned by the Company. The transaction closed on November 5, 2025. For additional information, see Note 25.
Nualtis Corp.
In October 2024, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of IntelGenx Corp. (“IGX”), a subsidiary of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. (“IntelGenx”). In June 2025, IGX rebranded to Nualtis Corp. (“Nualtis”) as part of the subsidiary's transformation and long-term strategic vision. Nualtis is a drug delivery company focused on the development and manufacturing of novel oral thin film products for the pharmaceutical market and for the Company's product candidates, VLS-01. The acquisition was structured as a credit bid, whereby the Company agreed that its senior secured debt in IntelGenx was discharged in exchange for IGX shares. No Company equity or cash was exchanged in connection with this transaction.
9
Liquidity and Going Concern
The Company has incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations since its inception. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $
30.4
million and short-term securities of $
84.2
million and its accumulated deficit was $
815.4
million. The Company has historically financed its operations through the sale of equity securities, debt financings, sale of convertible notes and revenue generated from licensing and collaboration arrangements. The Company has not generated any revenues to date from the sale of its core psychedelic product candidates or non-psychedelic product candidates and does not anticipate generating any revenues from the sale of either unless and until it successfully completes development and obtains regulatory approval to market its product candidates. The Company recognizes revenue from license and research and development arrangements through Nualtis.
The Company currently expects that its existing cash and cash equivalents and short-term securities as of September 30, 2025 will be
sufficient to fund its operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued.
10
2. Basis of Presentation, Consolidation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and follow the requirements of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements as certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, its results of operations and comprehensive loss, and its cash flows for the periods presented. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any other future annual or interim period.
Any reference in these notes to applicable accounting guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP included in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), and Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).
Consolidation
The Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of atai and its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.
The Company's policy is to consolidate all entities that it controls by ownership of a majority of the outstanding voting stock. In addition, entities that meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which atai is the primary beneficiary are consolidated. The primary beneficiary is the party who has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and who has an obligation to absorb losses of the entity or a right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. For consolidated entities that are less than wholly-owned, the third-party’s holding of equity interest is presented as Noncontrolling interests in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity. The portion of net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests is presented as Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Ownership interests in entities over which the Company has significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, are accounted for under either the alternative measurement under ASC Topic 321:
Investments - Equity Securities
(“ASC 321”) or as an equity method investment. Investments eligible for the measurement alternative under ASC 321 are carried at its initial cost, with remeasurements to fair value upon impairment or upon a price change observed in an orderly transaction of the same or similar investment of the same issuer. For equity method investments where the Company has not elected the fair value option, it records gains (losses) from investments in equity method investees, net of tax, for its proportionate share of the underlying company’s net results until the investment balance is adjusted to zero. If the Company makes subsequent additional investments in that same company, it may record additional gains (losses) based on changes to its investment basis and also may record additional income (loss) in equity method investments.
If the Company has elected the fair value option for an equity investment, the fair value of the investment will be recorded upon acquisition and any changes in fair value will be recorded as a component of other income (expense), net.
Significant Accounting Policies
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the following changes were made to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of, and for, the year ended December 31, 2024
:
Debt Extinguishments
When the Company modifies or extinguishes debt, it first evaluates whether the modification qualifies as a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) under ASC Topic 470-60, which requires debt modifications to be evaluated to determine if (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and (2) the lender grants the borrower a concession. If a TDR is determined not to have occurred, the Company evaluates the modification in accordance with ASC Topic 470-50-40, which requires modification to debt instruments to be evaluated to assess whether debt modification or debt extinguishment accounting is applicable. This evaluation includes analyzing whether there are significant and consequential changes to the economic substance of the note. If the change is deemed insignificant then the change is considered a debt modification, whereas if the change is substantial the change is reflected as a debt extinguishment.
If debt
extinguishment guidance applies, the previous debt principal amount is removed, the previously capitalized debt issuance costs are
11
expensed,
the value of instruments exchanged are recorded, including cash, new debt, warrants and common stock, and a gain or loss on extinguishment of debt is recorded. If debt modification guidance applies, no gain or loss is recorded and the effective interest rate of the debt is updated based on the carrying value of the debt and the revised future cash flows. Any previously capitalized debt issuance costs in a debt modification are amortized as interest expense over the term of the new debt instrument.
Warrants
The Company determines the accounting classification of warrants that are issued, as either liability or equity, by first assessing whether the warrants meet liability classification in accordance with ASC 480,
Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity
(“ASC 480”), and then in accordance with ASC 815,
Derivatives and Hedging
(“ASC 815”), depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. Under ASC 480, warrants are considered liability classified if the warrants are mandatorily redeemable, obligate the issuer to settle the warrants or the underlying shares by paying cash or other assets, or must or may require settlement by issuing variable number of shares. If warrants do not meet liability classification under ASC 480, the Company assesses the requirements under ASC 815, which states that contracts that require or may require the issuer to settle the contract for cash are liabilities recorded at fair value, irrespective of the likelihood of the transaction occurring that triggers the net cash settlement feature. If the warrants do not require liability classification under ASC 815, in order to conclude equity classification, the Company assesses whether the warrants are indexed to its common stock and whether the warrants are classified as equity under ASC 815 or other applicable GAAP. After all relevant assessments are made, the Company concludes whether the warrants are classified as liability or equity. Liability classified warrants are required to be accounted for at fair value both on the date of issuance and on subsequent accounting period ending dates, with all changes in fair value after the issuance date recorded in the statements of operations as a gain or loss. For equity classified warrants, no changes in fair value are recognized after the issuance date.
Transaction costs associated with the warrant liabilities are recognized as other expenses when incurred.
Digital Assets
The Company recognizes its investment in Bitcoin in accordance with ASC 350-60 (as defined below). Under the guidance, Bitcoin and other crypto assets (“digital assets”) are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets, are initially measured at cost, and are adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period. The Company measures gains or losses on the disposition of digital assets in accordance with the first-in-first-out (“FIFO”) method of accounting. Additionally, changes in fair value will be recorded in Change in fair value of digital assets on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company expects to hold its digital assets as a long-term investment, and, therefore, they are classified as non-current assets as of September 30, 2025
on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Contingent Consideration Liabilities
The Company may record contingent consideration as part of the cost of either business combinations or asset acquisitions. For contingent consideration recognized as part of a business combination, the Company recognizes the contingent consideration in accordance with ASC Topic 805:
Business Combinations
(“ASC 805”) which is measured at the fair value as of the date of acquisition and accounted for under Contingent consideration liabilities or Contingent consideration liability - related party on the consolidated balance sheets. Contingent considerations from business combinations are remeasured on a quarterly basis, as appropriate, using a discounted cash-flow valuation technique until fulfillment of the contingency. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognized as Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net, a component of other income (expense), net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For contingent consideration recognized as part of an asset acquisition, the Company must first assess whether the contingent consideration should be accounted for as either an embedded derivative under ASC Topic 815: Derivatives (“ASC 815”), or in accordance with an acquisition of an equity-method investment under Subtopic ASC 323-10 (“ASC 323-10”). Contingent consideration under the guidance of ASC 815 will be recorded as a derivative liability, which is measured at fair value and remeasured on a quarterly basis. Under the guidance of ASC 323-10, contingent consideration is recorded as a liability at the lesser of either the maximum amount of contingent consideration or the excess of the Company's share of the equity method investee's net assets over the initial cost measurement. If the contingent consideration does not fall under the guidance of either ASC 815 or ASC 323-10, the Company elects the practical expedient under FASB's Statement 141, in which no contingent consideration liability is recognized on the acquisition date, and recognition does not occur unless the contingency is resolved and the consideration is issued or become issuable.
Leases
Where feasible and allowed under the lease agreement, the Company may sublet their leased space to third party tenants. Under ASC Topic 842: Leases (“ASC 842”), the Company must first assess whether their obligation to the head landlord is relieved based on the terms of the head lease. If the Company is relieved of their obligation to the landlord under the head lease, the sublease transaction is considered to be a termination of the head lease, where the right-of-use asset and lease liability is derecognized, with the difference recorded to profit or loss on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operation. If the Company is not relieved of their primary obligation to the landlord, the Company determines the subleases' lease classification as either a sales-type, direct-financing, or operating lease from the perspective of the lessor. As of September 30, 2025
,
the Company has entered into one sublease agreement which is classified as an operating lease. Operating subleases under ASC 842 are treated as separate contracts, with the Company continuing to
12
account
for their obligation as lessee in the head lease agreement. The Company records sublease income on a net basis, which is recorded against rent expense within either Research and development expense or General and administrative expense in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued new guidance designed to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant expenses per segment. The guidance is effective for all fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The new standard must be adopted on a retrospective basis and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this standard for fiscal year 2024, and applied the amendments retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 24 for more information.
ASU 2023-08 Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Crypto Assets
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-08,
Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets
, which is codified as ASC subtopic 350-60 (“ASC 350-60”). The new guidance is designed to streamline the accounting treatment of crypto assets. ASC 350-60 requires that an entity measure crypto assets at fair value with changes recognized in net income at each reporting period and present crypto assets separately from other intangible assets in the balance sheet and changes from the remeasurement of crypto assets separately from changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets in the income statement. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted ASC 350-60 as of January 1, 2025 resulting in certain expanded disclosures about its digital assets. Refer to Note 11 for more information.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09,
Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
, which is
designed to improve income tax disclosure requirements, primarily through increased disaggregation disclosures within the effective tax rate reconciliation as well as enhanced disclosures on income taxes paid. The guidance is effective for all fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The new standard can be adopted on a prospective basis with an option to be adopted retrospectively and early adoption is permitted. The Company is not early adopting the standard. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on the Company's year-end consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03,
Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures
, which is designed to improve income statement expense disclosures, primarily by requiring new financial statement disclosures in tabular format and disaggregating information about prescribed categories underlying any relevant income statement captions. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. Upon adoption, the new standard may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its disclosures in its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04,
Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments
, which clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted for all entities that have adopted the amendments in Update 2020-06. Adoption can be on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption on the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06,
Intangibles (Subtopic 450-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software
, which amends certain aspects of the accounting for and disclosure of software costs under ASC Subtopic 350-40,
Internal Use Software
. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. Entities may elect to apply the guidance prospectively, retrospectively, or through a modified prospective transition method. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its disclosures in its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-07,
Derivatives and Hedging (subtopic 815): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract,
which expands the scope exceptions within ASC Topic 815,
Derivatives and Hedging,
to include certain nonexchange-traded contracts with underlyings that are based on operations or activities specific to one of the parties to the contract, including research and development funding arrangements. The standard is effective for annual fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. Entities should apply the amendments either prospectively for contracts entered into on or after the date of adoption or on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings for contracts that exist as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its disclosures in its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
13
3. Revenue
As described in Note 1 above, the Company's primary operations are inclusive of the research and development of several product candidates. The Company's ability to generate revenue will depend substantially on the successful development and eventual commercialization of product candidates. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company has not recognized revenue from its primary operations and does not expect to do so for at least the next several years. The Company does generate revenue from license agreements and research and development agreements through certain subsidiaries, which is further explained below:
License Revenue
Otsuka License and Collaboration Agreement
In March 2021, Perception Neuroscience Holdings, Inc. (“Perception”), a controlled VIE of the Company, entered into a license and collaboration agreement (the “Otsuka Agreement”) with Otsuka under which Perception granted exclusive rights to Otsuka to develop and commercialize products containing arketamine, known as PCN-101 in Japan for the treatment of any depression, including treatment-resistant depression, or major depressive disorder or any of their related symptoms or conditions at its own cost and expense. Perception retained all rights to PCN-101 outside of Japan.
In January 2025, Otsuka provided a notice of termination pursuant to the Otsuka Agreement, effective as of April 2025. As of the termination date, the Company is no longer eligible to receive any milestone payments or royalties pursuant to the Otsuka Agreement. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 there were no milestones achieved under the Otsuka Agreement. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company did
no
t recognize any license revenue pursuant to the Otsuka Agreement. For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2024
there was an immaterial amount and $
0.3
million of revenue recognized under the Otsuka Agreement, respectively.
Rizafilm LLC License and Supply Agreement
In January 2025, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Nualtis, entered into an Amended & Restated Asset Purchase Agreement ("APA") and an Amended & Restated Supply Agreement ("Supply Agreement") with Rizafilm LLC ("Rizafilm"). Under the APA, Nualtis sold licensing and intellectual property rights of Nualtis's oral thin film technology in exchange for an upfront payment of $
0.2
million and an additional $
0.5
million upon completion of certain manufacturing milestones. Under
the Supply Agreement, subject to approval by the FDA, Nualtis will serve as the sole manufacturer of Rizafilm's products over a five year term with an automatic renewal option for an additional five years unless either party provides sufficient written notice.
Additionally, the Supply Agreement requires Rizafilm to adhere to certain firm commitments.
During the three months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company did
no
t recognize any license revenue. During the
nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company recognized $
0.2
million of license revenue pursuant to the Rizafilm APA.
Research and Development Services Revenue
In addition to the Company's license revenue, the Company recognizes revenue through various research and development agreements through Nualtis. In these agreements, Nualtis is responsible for performing research and development services for customers interested in leveraging Nualtis's novel oral thin film technology for drug delivery. Many of these agreements provide Nualtis either the option or the right to serve as the sole manufacturer of these drugs upon regulatory approval. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company has recognized $
0.7
million and $
2.8
million in revenue from research and development services. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company did not recognize any revenue from research and development services. To date, none of the products subject to the Company's research and development agreements through Nualtis have obtained regulatory approval.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company
had contract liabilities of $
0.2
million and $
0.7
million, respectively, which is recorded within Other current liabilities on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, and consists of the upfront payments received as part of the various research and development agreements discussed above.
As of September 30, 2025
, approximately $
0.2
million of the contract liability balance is expected to be recognized as revenue from the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months as performance obligations are satisfied. The Company will re-evaluate the transaction price in each reporting period and as certain events are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company's license revenue and research and development revenue has been recognized entirely in Canada.
14
4. Acquisitions
2024 Acquisitions
Nualtis Corp.
IntelGenx was a drug delivery company focused on the development and manufacturing of novel oral thin film products for the pharmaceutical market and for one of the Company’s product candidates, VLS-01. Prior to the Company's acquisition of Nualtis, a subsidiary of IntelGenx, and from 2021 to 2024, the Company entered into various notes receivable agreements, loan agreements, and equity agreements which are described below.
Equity Agreements
2021 Securities Purchase Agreement
In May 2021 the Company and IntelGenx entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “IntelGenx SPA”) whereby IntelGenx issued shares of its common stock (the “IntelGenx Common Shares”) and warrants to the Company in an aggregate amount of approximately $
12.3
million.
2023 Subscription Agreement, as Amended
In August 2023 the Company and IntelGenx entered into a subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”), under which the Company paid IntelGenx $
2.2
million for
2,220
convertible debenture units (the "2023 Initial Units") and the Company agreed to subscribe for an additional
750
convertible debenture units (the “2023 Subsequent Units”) at a price of $
0.8
million under the Subscription Agreement. Each debenture unit consists of convertible promissory notes (the “2023 Initial Notes” and the convertible promissory notes included in the 2023 Subsequent Units, the “2023 Subsequent Notes”) and common share purchase warrants (the “2023 Initial Warrants” and the common share purchase warrants under the 2023 Subsequent Units, the “2023 Subsequent Warrants”). Effective September 30, 2023, IntelGenx and the Company amended the Subscription Agreement (the “Amended Subscription Agreement”), allowing the Company, subject to obtaining certain shareholder approvals, (the “Call Option”) to purchase up to an additional
7,401
convertible debenture units (the “Call Option Units”).
Notes Receivable and Loan Agreements
IntelGenx Term Loan, as amended
In March 2021, the Company and IntelGenx entered into a loan agreement (the “Original Loan Agreement”) for an aggregate principal amount of $
2.0
million. In May 2021, the Company paid an additional advance of $
0.5
million as an additional term loan.
The Original Loan Agreement was amended in September 2021, which, among other things, increased the principal amount of loans available to IntelGenx by $
6.0
million, for a total of up to $
8.5
million. In August 2023, the Company and IntelGenx entered into the first amendment to the amended and restated loan agreement (the “First Amendment”) which, among other things, extended the maturity date from January 5, 2024 to January 5, 2025.
Effective September 30, 2023, the Company and IntelGenx entered into a second amendment to the amended and restated loan agreement (the “Second Amendment”, and together with the Original Loan Agreement and the First Amendment, the “IntelGenx Term Loan”) which entitles the Company to convert any portion of the outstanding and unpaid principal and accrued interest into common shares of IntelGenx at a conversion price per share of $
0.185
. In March 2024, the Company and IntelGenx entered into the Third Amendment (together with the Original Loan Agreement, the First Amendment, and the Second Amendment, the “IntelGenx Term Loan”) pursuant to which the Company immediately provided an additional $
1.0
million term loan (“Tranche 1 Additional Term Loan”), and would provide an additional $
1.0
million term loan (“Tranche 2 Additional Term Loan”) contingent upon certain of the Company's clinical milestones. In connection with the Third Amendment, the Company received warrants to purchase up to
4.0
million shares of IntelGenx Common Shares at an exercise price of $
0.17
(“2024 Warrants”).
IntelGenx Convertible Notes
On August 30, 2023, the Company and IntelGenx entered into the Subscription Agreement (as described above), under which the Company paid IntelGenx $
2.2
million for
2,220
convertible debenture units (the “Initial Units”), with each convertible debenture unit consisting of (i) $
1,000
principal amount convertible promissory notes (the “2023 Initial Notes”); and (ii)
5,405
common share purchase warrants of IntelGenx.
In November 2023, upon shareholder approval, the Company paid $
0.8
million for the 2023 Subsequent Units, which included the 2023 Subsequent Notes.
IntelGenx 2023 Term Loan Note
In December 2023, the Company and IntelGenx entered into a new term loan agreement under which the Company provided IntelGenx with an aggregate principal amount of $
0.5
million (the “2023 Term Loan Note”). The loan bears an annualized interest rate of
14.0
% compounding monthly. Principal and interest outstanding shall be due and payable from proceeds of future IntelGenx fundraising.
15
IntelGenx Liquidation and Acquisition of IGX
In May 2024, IntelGenx announced that its board of directors authorized IntelGenx to bring an application in the Quebec Superior Court to seek protection from creditors under the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (“CCAA”) to allow time to review its strategic alternatives. IntelGenx was granted protection pursuant to an initial order (“Initial Order”), which also authorized interim debtor-in-possession financing (“DIP Financing”) provided by the Company in order to allow IntelGenx to continue its operations during a restructuring process. Pursuant to the DIP Financing, the Company and IntelGenx entered into a senior secured super-priority, interim, non-revolving multiple draw credit facility (“DIP Loan”) up to a maximum of CDN $
8.0
million. Subsequently, IntelGenx obtained approval to implement a sale and investment solicitation process (the “SISP” and the approval, the “SISP Approval Order”). As part of the SISP Approval Order, the Court approved the agreement of a purchase and sale between IntelGenx and the Company, solely for the purpose of constituting the “Stalking Horse Bid” under the SISP. The Stalking Horse Bid established a baseline price and deal structure for the solicitation of superior bids from qualified interested parties.
On September 30, 2024, the Superior Court of Quebec issued an Approval and Vesting Order, sanctioning the transactions contemplated in the Company’s stalking horse bid, which consisted of the Company acquiring IGX (rebranded as Nualtis effective June 2025), the operating company and subsidiary of IntelGenx. The acquisition closed on October 2, 2024.
The transaction was structured as a credit bid, which resulted in the Company receiving all issued and outstanding shares of Nualtis in exchange for the discharge of all senior secured debt payable by IntelGenx, which included the DIP Loan and the IntelGenx Term Loan. For more information regarding the Company's IntelGenx notes receivable and debt instruments refer to Notes 6 and 7 in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
The transaction was further structured to include only the assets and liabilities the Company designated within their Stalking Horse Bid (the “Purchase Transaction”).
The Company determined that the transaction met the definition of a business under ASC 805; therefore, the Company accounted for the transaction as a business combination and applied the acquisition method of accounting. The purchase consideration transferred on October 2, 2024 (the “Acquisition Date”) was $
5.7
million, which was the fair value of the aforementioned discharged debt. The Company did not include any cash or equity as part of the consideration transferred.
The following table sets forth the allocation of the Nualtis purchase price to the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired at the Acquisition Date (in thousands):
Amounts recognized at the Acquisition Date
Assets acquired:
Cash
$
359
Accounts receivable
46
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
971
Property and Equipment
1,892
Right-of-use assets, net
527
Definite-lived intangible assets
2,625
Other assets
275
Total assets
$
6,695
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable
$
214
Deferred revenue
575
Accrued liabilities
136
Right-of-use liabilities
327
Other current liabilities
59
Total liabilities
$
1,311
Total identifiable net assets acquired
5,384
Goodwill
331
Total consideration transferred
$
5,715
16
5. Variable Interest Entities
Consolidated VIEs
At each reporting period, the Company reassesses whether it remains the primary beneficiary for Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) consolidated under the VIE model.
The entities consolidated by the Company are comprised of wholly and partially owned entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary under the VIE model as the Company has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses that could potentially be significant to the VIE, or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The results of operations of the consolidated entities are included within the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition to September 30, 2025.
As of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company has accounted for the following consolidated investments as VIEs:
Consolidated Entities
Relationship as of
September 30, 2025
Relationship as of
December 31, 2024
Date Control Obtained
Ownership %
September 30, 2025
Ownership % December 31, 2024
Perception Neuroscience Holdings, Inc.
Controlled VIE
Controlled VIE
November 2018
59.2
%
59.2
%
Recognify Life Sciences, Inc.
Controlled VIE
Controlled VIE
November 2020
51.9
%
51.9
%
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the assets of the consolidated VIEs can only be used to settle the obligations of the respective VIEs. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs are obligations of the respective VIEs and their creditors have no recourse to the general credit or assets of atai.
Consolidated VIE Balance Sheets
The following table presents the assets and liabilities (excluding intercompany balances that were eliminated in consolidation) for all VIEs as
of September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
Perception
Recognify
Assets:
Current assets:
Cash
$
93
$
892
Accounts receivable
—
—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
88
389
Total current assets
181
1,281
Total assets
$
181
$
1,281
Liabilities:
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
648
$
29
Accrued liabilities
172
375
Other current liabilities
20
1
Total current liabilities
840
405
Total liabilities
$
840
$
405
The following table presents the assets and liabilities (excluding intercompany balances that were eliminated in consolidation) for all consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
Perception
Recognify
Assets:
Current assets:
Cash
$
31
$
819
Accounts receivable
261
—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
88
40
Total current assets
380
859
Total assets
$
380
$
859
Liabilities:
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
276
$
221
Accrued liabilities
195
961
Other current liabilities
83
4
Total current liabilities
554
1,186
Total liabilities
$
554
$
1,186
17
Noncontrolling Interests
The Company recognizes noncontrolling interests related to its consolidated VIEs and provides a roll forward of the noncontrolling interests balance, as follows (in thousands):
Perception
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$
256
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - preferred
(
34
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
2
)
Balance as of March 31, 2025
$
221
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - preferred
(
17
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
17
)
Balance as of June 30, 2025
$
187
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - preferred
(
24
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
6
)
Balance as of September 30, 2025
$
157
Perception
Kures
Recognify
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$
428
$
369
$
557
$
1,354
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - preferred
(
100
)
(
25
)
(
539
)
(
665
)
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
17
7
—
24
Balance as of March 31, 2024
$
345
$
350
$
18
$
713
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - preferred
(
36
)
(
4
)
(
18
)
(
57
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
9
)
(
4
)
—
(
13
)
Balance as of June 30, 2024
$
300
$
343
$
—
$
643
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests - preferred
(
38
)
13
—
(
25
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
15
)
(
6
)
—
(
22
)
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$
247
$
349
$
—
$
596
Non-consolidated VIEs
The Company evaluated the nature of its investments in Innoplexus AG (“Innoplexus”) and Beckley Psytech (collectively “non-consolidated VIEs”) and determined that the investments are VIEs as of the date of the Company’s initial investment through September 30, 2025. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of the non-consolidated VIEs as it did not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the investments’ economic performance and therefore concluded that it did not have a controlling financial interest in each of the non-consolidated VIEs that would require consolidation as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
The Company will reevaluate if the investments meet the definition of a VIE upon the occurrence of specific reconsideration events. The Company accounted for these investments under either the equity method, fair value option, or the measurement alternative included within ASC 321 (See Note 6). As of September 30, 2025
, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss for its non-consolidated VIEs was its $
10.2
million of Short-term notes receivable - related party, net with Beckley Psytech (see Note 7). As of
December 31, 2024
, the Company’s maximum exposure for its non-consolidated VIEs was $
10.0
million of Short-term restricted cash for the purchase of Beckley Deferred Shares (as defined and described in Note 6).
18
6. Investments
Other investments held at fair value
As of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the carrying values of Other investments held at fair value were as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
COMPASS Pathways plc
$
34,413
$
26,104
Beckley Psytech Additional Warrants
—
2,783
Total
$
34,413
$
28,887
COMPASS Pathways plc
Compass Pathways plc is a biotechnology company dedicated to accelerating patient access to evidence-based innovation in mental health. The Company is developing its investigational COMP360 psilocybin treatment through late-stage clinical trials in Europe and North America for patients with treatment-resistant depression. The Company accounts for its COMPASS investment under ASC 321 at fair value. Any changes in fair value of the Company's investment in COMPASS are recognized as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company sold
900,000
American Depositary shares (“ADS”) of COMPASS at an average price of $
4.28
per ADS in an open market transaction, resulting in net proceeds received of $
3.8
million. The Company recorded the sale of the ADS shares as a reduction in its COMPASS investment under ASC 321. The Company recognized an immaterial commission expense related to the sale, which is recognized as a General and administrative expense in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Based on quoted market prices, the market value of the Company’s remaining ownership in COMPASS was $
34.4
million and $
26.1
million as of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a change in fair value of its COMPASS holdings of a $
17.6
million gain
and a $
3.9
million gain, respectively, which is recognized in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a change in fair value of its COMPASS holdings of a $
12.2
million gain and a $
22.0
million loss, respectively.
IntelGenx Technologies Corp.
In October 2024, the Company acquired all issued and outstanding shares of Nualtis. As of September 30, 2025, the Company continues to hold multiple investments in IntelGenx, the former parent company of Nualtis, which consists of common shares, 2023 Initial Warrants, 2023 Subsequent Warrants, and 2024 Warrants, (the 2023 Initial Warrants, 2023 Subsequent Warrants, and 2024 Warrants are collectively referred to as the “Warrants”), and Call Option Units, all of which are measured at fair value. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
, both the Warrants and Call Option have a fair value of
zero
as IntelGenx continues to be party to proceedings under the CCAA. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024
, the Company recognized no gain or loss and a $
6.5
million loss, respectively, as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net relating to the IntelGenx equity instruments in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For more information regarding the Company's investment in IntelGenx equity securities, refer to Notes 5 and 7 in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
Strategic Development Agreement
Prior to the Company's acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024 and pursuant to the Strategic Development Agreement, the Company engaged IntelGenx to conduct research and development projects (“Development Projects”) using IntelGenx’s proprietary oral thin film technology. Under the terms of the Strategic Development Agreement, the Company could select four program products. As of the effective date of the Strategic Development Agreement, the Company nominated two program products - DMT and Salvinorin A.
20
% of any funds that IntelGenx received or will receive through the Company’s equity investment under the IntelGenx SPA will be available to be credited towards research and development services that IntelGenx conducts for the Company under the Development Projects. The Company was eligible to receive a total credit of $
2.5
million. For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2024
, research and development expense relating to the Strategic Development Agreement was $
0.2
million and $
0.6
million, respectively, which was applied as a reduction in research and development expenses in accordance with the Strategic Development Agreement. After the Company's acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024, any work performed with respect to the Development Projects is recorded as an intercompany transaction and eliminated upon consolidation in accordance with the Company's accounting policies.
19
Other investments
The Company’s investments in the preferred stock of Innoplexus, GABA and Beckley Psytech are not considered as in-substance common stock due to the existence of substantial liquidation preferences and therefore did not have subordination characteristics that were substantially similar to common stock.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company evaluated all of its other investments to determine if certain events or changes in circumstance during these time periods in 2025 and 2024 had a significant adverse effect on the fair value of any of its investments in non-consolidated entities. Based on its analysis, the Company did not note any impairment indicators associated with the Company’s Other investments.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 there were no observable changes in price recorded related to the Company’s Other investments.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the carrying values of Other investmen
ts, which consisted of investments in the investee’s preferred stock not in the scope of ASC 323 was $
53.9
million and $
42.1
million, respectively, both of which relate solely to the Company’s investment in Beckley Psytech.
Beckley Psytech
Subscription and shareholders' agreement
On January 3, 2024, the Company entered into a subscription and shareholders' agreement with Beckley Psytech and certain other shareholders as identified in the agreement (the “SSA”). Pursuant to the terms of the SSA, the Company (a) has the right to acquire
24,096,385
newly issued series C preferred shares, par value £
0.0001
per share, of Beckley Psytech (the “Series C Shares”) for a total purchase price of $
40
million (the “Primary Investment”); and (b) undertakes to enter into a Share Purchase Deed (the “Secondary Sale SPA”) within 10 business days, pursuant to which the Company will acquire a total of
11,153,246
shares of Beckley Psytech from certain existing shareholders of Beckley Psytech (the “Secondary Sale” and together with the Primary Investment, the “Investment”), all of which will be re-designated into Series C Shares immediately prior to completion of the Secondary Sale.
In connection with the SSA, the Company acquired, pursuant to an equity warrant instrument between the Company and Beckley Psytech,
24,096,385
warrants to purchase an amount of Series C shares equal to the lesser of (i)
24,096,385
Series C Shares; or (ii) such number of Series C Shares (rounded up to the nearest whole number) as immediately after their issuance would, together with all shares held by the Company in the issued share capital of Beckley Psytech, equal to less than
50
% of Beckley Psytech’s fully diluted share capital, and each such warrant is exercisable at an exercise price of $
2.158
per share (“Series C Warrants”).
Also under the SSA, the Company has the right to receive additional warrants to purchase Series C Shares in the event Beckley Psytech issues equity or equity linked securities pursuant to a deferred equity arrangement in connection with a prior acquisition made by Beckley Psytech, each such warrant is exercisable at an exercise price of $
1.66
per share. Each of the warrants described above are exercisable upon delivery of a written notice to Beckley Psytech (the “Additional Warrants”).
Initial Subscription
On January 3, 2024, the Company made an initial payment of $
25
million for
15,060,241
Series C Shares at a subscription share price of $
1.66
(the “Initial Shares”) and delivered the executed deferred payment escrow agreement ("Escrow Agreement") to Beckley Psytech which was the condition for the closing of the transaction (the “Initial Subscription”).
Deferred Shares
On January 5, 2024, subject to the terms of the Escrow Agreement, the Company deposited $
15.0
million into an escrow account. Prior to April 1, 2025, Beckley Psytech could, at its sole discretion, draw down up to $
5.0
million from the escrow account, with the balance to be paid to Beckley Psytech at April 1, 2025. Beckley shall credit as fully-paid such corresponding number of Series C Shares as corresponds with the value of such draw-down. The total number of deferred payment shares (“Deferred Shares”) is
9,036,144
with a share price of $
1.66
.
Secondary Sale
On January 18, 2024, the Company and Beckley Psytech entered into the Secondary Sale SPA
pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase
11,153,246
, £
0.0001
par value, re-designated Series C shares (the “Secondary Sale Shares”) at a price of $
0.8966
per share from the existing shareholders for an aggregate consideration of $
10.0
million. On January 18, 2024, the Secondary Sale Shares were acquired by the Company.
Upon each of closing of the Initial Subscription, execution of the Escrow Agreement, and acquisition of the Secondary Sale Shares, the Company recognized a fair value of $
35.3
million in Other Investments in the consolidated balance sheets related to the
Initial Shares, Secondary Shares, and Series C Warrants
and a fair value of $
2.6
million in Other investments held at fair value related to the Additional Warrants.
20
The Company qualified for and elected to account for the investment acquired per the SSA using the measurement alternative under ASC 321, and is included in Other Investments in the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company applied a calibrated model for the $
35.3
million investment, to account for the
Initial Shares, option to purchase the Deferred Shares, Secondary Shares, and Series C Warrants, on a relative fair value basis resulting in no initial gain or loss recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
Pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, the Company recognized the fair value of the Deferred Shares as additional consideration for its initial investment in Beckley as the fair value of the Deferred Shares was less than the purchase price of $
1.66
per share. The Company recognized a $
2.9
million liability for the Deferred Shares recorded within Other current liabilities in its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Upon Beckley drawing on the Escrow Agreement, the Company will reduce its liability related to the Deferred Shares and recognize a gain or loss based on the fair value of the Series C shares as
Other income (expense), net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Escrow Agreement Draws
In October 2024, pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement, Beckley Psytech, at its sole discretion, drew $
5.0
million from the escrow account and the Company wa
s credited
3,012,048
Series C shares. The Company determined that the fair value of the shares received was $
5.3
million, which is recorded as Other investments in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
In April 2025, pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement, Beckley Psytech, at its sole discretion, drew the remaining $
10.0
million from the escrow account and the Company was credited
6,024,096
Series C shares. The Company determined that the fair value of the shares received was $
11.9
million, which is recorded as Other investments in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company recognized a gain of $
3.8
million related to the investment for the
nine months ended September 30, 2025, which is recognized as Gain on other investments in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
As of the April 2025 escrow draw, the Company has satisfied their obligations under the Escrow Agreement.
Additional Warrants
The Company determined that the Additional Warrants meet the definition of a derivative instrument under ASC 815 and recorded the $
2.6
million fair value at the SSA transaction date in Other investments held at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets, with subsequent changes in fair value being reflected through the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net.
In May 2024, Beckley Psytech issued equity pursuant to the deferred equity arrangement, and, per the SSA, the Company
received
4,393,400
warrants. T
he Company determined that once it received the Additional Warrants, they no longer meet the definition of a derivative instrument under ASC 815. The Company qualified for and elected to account for the warrants under ASC 321, and recorded the warrants received
in Other Investments in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. At the time of receipt, the warrants had a fair value of $
1.5
million.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the remaining
Additional Warrants had a fair value of
zero
and $
2.8
million, respectively, recognized
in Other investments held at fair value in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, the Company recorded
no
change in fair value and a $
0.1
million loss, respectively, in the Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded a $
2.8
million loss and a $
0.6
million gain, respectively, in the Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For additional information on the Beckley Psytech Transaction, see Note 25.
GABA Therapeutics, Inc.
GABA is a California based biotechnology company focused on developing GRX-917 for the treatment of anxiety, depression and a broad range of other neurological disorders. The Company is deemed to have significant influence over GABA through its total ownership interest in GABA’s equity, including the Company’s investment in GABA’s common and preferred stock, and the Company’s noncontrolling representation on GABA’s board of directors.
The Company’s investment in GABA’s common stock was accounted for in accordance with the equity method, and the carrying value of the investment in GABA common stock was reduced
to
zero
as of Dece
mber 31, 2020 due to IPR&D charges with no alternative future use and remained
zero
as of
September 30, 2025.
The Company’s 2019 investment of $
5.5
million in GABA’s preferred stock did not meet the criteria for in-substance common stock, and the Company recognized its investment in GABA’s preferred stock under the measurement alternative pursuant to ASC 321.
As of September 30, 2025, the Company's remaining obligation to purchase additional shares of Series A preferred stock from GABA is for up t
o $
0.9
million
at the same price per share as its initial investment upon the achievement of specified contingent milestones. As of September 30, 2025, the contingent milestones have not been met.
GABA’s net losses attributable to the Company were determined based on the Company’s ownership percentage of preferred stock in GABA and recorded to the Company’s investments in GABA preferred stock. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
,
the
21
investment
in GABA’s preferred stock had a carrying value of
zero
. For the
three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, the Company recognized its proportionate share of GABA's net loss of
zero
and an immaterial amount, respectively, as Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, the Company recognized its proportionate share of GABA's net loss of
zero
and $
2.0
million, respectively, as Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For more information regarding the Company's investment in GABA, refer to Note 5 in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
Innoplexus AG
Innoplexus is a technology company that provides “Data as a Service” and “Continuous Analytics as a Service” solutions that aims to help healthcare organizations leverage their technologies and expedite the drug development process across all stages—preclinical, clinical, r
egulatory and commercial. The Company first acquired investments in Innoplexus in August 2018 with an additional investment in December 2020, bringing its aggregate ownership percentage to
35
%. The Company's ownership percentage remains at
35
% as of
September 30, 2025.
The Company had significant influence over Innoplexus through its noncontrolling representation on the investee’s supervisory board. Accordingly, the Company’s investment in Innoplexus’ common stock was accounted for in accordance with the equity method. The Company’s investment in Innoplexus’ preferred stock did not meet the criteria for in-substance common stock. As such, the investment in Innoplexus’ preferred stock was accounted for under the measurement alternative under ASC 321. The carrying value of the Company’s investment in Innoplexus was zero as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
In February 2021, the Company entered into a Share Purchase and Assignment Agreement (the “Innoplexus SPA”) to sell its shares of common and preferred stock held in Innoplexus to a current investor of Innoplexus (the “Purchaser”) in exchange for an initial purchase price of approximately $
2.4
million. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive contingent payments based on the occurrence of subsequent equity transactions or liquidity events at Innoplexus as determined under the Innoplexus SPA.
Pursuant to the Innoplexus SPA, the Purchaser is required to hold a minimum number of shares equivalent to the number of shares purchased from the Company through
December 31, 2026
. In the event that the Purchaser is in breach of this requirement, the Purchaser is required to pay the Company an additional purchase price of approximately $
9.6
million. The transaction was accounted for as a secured financing as it did not qualify for sale accounting under ASC Topic 860,
Transfers and Servicing
(ASC 860), due to the provision under the Innoplexus SPA which constrained the Purchaser from its right to pledge or exchange the underlying shares and provided more than a trivial benefit to the Company. The initial proceeds from the transaction are reflected as a secured borrowing liability of $
2.5
million and $
2.2
million as of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which is included in Other liabilities in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
In addition, the Innoplexus SPA also provides the right for the Company to receive additional consideration with a maximum payment outcome o
f $
22.3
million s
hould the equity value of Innoplexus exceed certain thresholds upon the occurrence of certain events. The Company concluded that this feature met the definition of a derivative which required bifurcation. As the probability of the occurrence of certain events defined in the Innoplexus SPA was less than remote, the Company concluded that the fair value of the embedded derivative ascribed to this feature was de minimis as of September 30, 2025.
Summarized Financial Information
The following is a summary of financial data for investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting (in thousands):
Balance Sheets
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
GABA
GABA
Current assets
$
78
$
112
Noncurrent assets
409
—
Total assets
$
487
$
112
Current liabilities
$
2,790
$
2,805
Noncurrent liabilities
908
—
Total liabilities
$
3,698
$
2,805
22
Statements of operations
For the three months ended September 30, 2025
For the three months ended September 30, 2024
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024
GABA
GABA
GABA
GABA
Loss from continuing operations
$
(
461
)
$
(
623
)
$
(
523
)
$
(
2,597
)
Net loss
$
(
461
)
$
(
623
)
$
(
523
)
$
(
2,597
)
23
7. Notes Receivable
IntelGenx Technologies Corp.
Prior to the Company's acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024, the Company had outstanding loan agreements and convertible notes with IntelGenx, which are measured at fair value. The Company discharged its secured debt it held with IntelGenx, which included the DIP Loan and the IntelGenx Term Loan, in consideration of its acquisition of Nualtis (Note 4). The Company continues to hold the 2023 Initial Notes, the 2023 Subsequent Notes, and the IntelGenx 2023 Term Loan Note with IntelGenx, however IntelGenx continues to be subject to protections under the CCAA. Accordingly, the Company determined that the fair value of the 2023 Initial Notes, the 2023 Subsequent Notes, and the 2023 Term Loan Note with IntelGenx was zero as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. For more information regarding the Company's notes receivable refer to Note 6 in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024
, the Company recognized a $
8.0
million and $
13.7
million loss, respectively in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net relating to the IntelGenx notes receivable in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2024
the Company recognized a $
0.5
million gain in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net relating to certain committed funding pursuant to the DIP Loan for which it q
ualified for and elected to account for under the fair value option.
Beckley Psytech
In August 2025,
the Company issued an unsecured promissory note (the ‘‘Promissory Note’’) to Beckley Psytech in the principal amount of $
10.0
million, with net proceeds to be used for the achievement of specified product development milestones. The Promissory Note bears interest at a rate equal to the lesser of
12
% per annum and the highest rate permitted by applicable law. The outstanding principal balance of the Promissory Note and all accrued but unpaid interest will be due and payable in full on the earlier of (i) the payment of the break fee under the terms of the SPA, (ii) three hundred sixty-four days from the date of the first advance, and (iii) the occurrence of an event of default pursuant to the terms of the Promissory Note.
The Promissory Note is accounted for under amortized cost, which includes the principal value of the note receivable and accrued interest, and is recognized in Short-term notes receivable - related party, net within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2025
, the carrying amount of the Promissory Note is $
10.2
million. For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company recognized $
0.2
million of interest income related to the Promissory Note
in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For additional information on the Beckley Psytech Transaction, see Note 25.
24
8. Fair Value Measurement
The following table presents information about the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements as of
September 30, 2025
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds
$
5,119
$
—
$
—
$
5,119
Investment in securities at fair value:
U.S. treasuries
—
84,204
—
84,204
Digital assets
11,383
—
—
11,383
Other investments held at fair value
34,413
—
—
34,413
$
50,915
$
84,204
$
—
$
135,119
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability - related party
—
—
110
110
Contingent consideration liabilities
—
—
212
212
Pre-funded warrant liabilities
57,432
—
—
57,432
$
57,432
$
—
$
322
$
57,754
Fair Value Measurements as of
December 31, 2024
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds
$
6,196
$
—
$
—
$
6,196
Investment in securities at fair value:
U.S. treasuries
—
44,825
—
44,825
Other investments held at fair value
26,104
—
2,783
28,887
$
32,300
$
44,825
$
2,783
$
79,908
Liabilities:
Short-term convertible promissory note conversion option - related party
Contingent consideration liability - related party
—
—
110
110
Contingent consideration liabilities
—
—
212
212
$
—
$
—
$
2,934
$
2,934
Investment in securities at fair value
The Company elected the fair value option for the securities in its investment portfolio. The fair value is based on quoted market prices, when available. When a quoted market price is not readily available, the Company uses the market price from its last sale of similar assets. The cash and cash equivalents held by the Company are categorized as Level 1 investments as quoted market prices are readily available for these investments. All other investments in the investment portfolio are categorized as Level 2 investments as inputs utilized to fair value these securities are either directly or indirectly observable, such as the market price from the last sale of similar assets.
The unrealized gains and losses on the available-for-sale securities, represented by change in the fair value of the investment portfolio, is reported in earnings. Since the investment in the available-for-sale securities are already measured at fair value, no separate credit losses would be recorded in the financials.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a $
0.6
millio
n and $
0.9
million gain, respectively, related to the change in fair value in its available for sale securities recognized as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a $
1.7
million and $
3.2
million gain, respectively, related to the change in fair value in its available for sale securities recognized as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
25
Digital assets
In both March and July of 2025, the Company invested in Bitcoin to diversify its treasury investment strategy. Under ASC 350-60, the Company’s digital assets are measured at fair value based on quoted prices on active exchanges, and are therefore categorized as Level 1 investments in the fair value hierarchy. The Company recognizes changes in the fair value of its digital assets as gains or losses in Change in fair value of digital assets on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations during the period in which they occur.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized a gain of $
0.2
million and $
1.4
million, respectively, related to the change in fair value in its Bitcoin holding, which is recognized as a Change in fair value of digital assets, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Other investments held at fair value
COMPASS Pathways plc
The Company determines the fair value of its COMPASS investment by taking the publicly available share price as of the balance sheet date multiplied by the number of shares the Company holds. There are no non-observable inputs in determining the fair value. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a change in fair value of its COMPASS holdings o
f a $
17.6
million gain
and $
3.9
million gain, respectively, which is recognized in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a change in fair value of its COMPASS holdings of a $
12.2
mil
lion gain and a $
22.0
million
loss, respectively.
Beckley Psytech
As described in Note 6, the Company determined that the Additional Warrants meet the definition of a derivative instrument under ASC 815 and recorded the Additional Warrants at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value being reflected through the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations in the Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized no change
and a $
0.1
million loss
, respectively, in the Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded a $
2.8
million
loss and $
0.6
million gain,
respectively, in the Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
As described in Note 1, the Company announced it entered into a SPA by and among the Company, Beckley Psytech and certain other parties. Considering certain provisions of the SPA, the Company has estimated zero value for the Additional Warrants as of September 30, 2025.
As of December 31, 2024, the fair value of the Beckley Additional Warrants was calculated using a Black-Scholes model. Significant unobservable inputs to the Black-Scholes model consisted of a
55
%-
80
% probability of issuances under the deferred equity arrangement and volatility of
95
%.
IntelGenx Technologies Corp.
IntelGenx equity investments
As described in Note 6, prior to the completion of the Company's acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024, the Company's investment in IntelGenx included common shares, 2023 Initial Warrants, 2023 Subsequent Warrants, and 2024 Warrants, (the 2023 Initial Warrants, 2023 Subsequent Warrants, and 2024 Warrants are collectively referred to as the “Warrants”), and Call Option. The fair value of these instruments were estimated based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.
Considering relevant facts and circumstances, the Company estimated zero fair value to be attributable to the Warrants and the Call Option as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized no change
and a $
6.5
million loss,
respectively, in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net relating to the IntelGenx equity instruments in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For more information regarding the Company's equity investments, refer to Notes 7 in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
IntelGenx notes receivable
As described in Note 7, prior to October 2024, the Company's notes receivable with IntelGenx included the IntelGenx Term Loan, the 2023 Initial Notes, the 2023 Subsequent Notes, the DIP Loan, and the 2023 Term Loan Note. The fair value of these instruments were estimated based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.
Considering relevant facts and circumstances, the Company estimated the fair value attributable to the various notes receivables with IntelGenx based on the remaining fair value of the underlying collateral. As the 2023 Initial Notes, 2023 Subsequent Notes, and the 2023 Term Loan Note were not secured by the underlying collateral, the Company determined the fair value of IntelGenx Unsecured Debt to be
26
zero as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized a
$
8.0
million and a $
13.7
million loss
, respectively, in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net relating to the IntelGenx notes receivable in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024
the Company recognized a $
0.5
gain in Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net relating to certain committed funding pursuant to the DIP Loan (“Subsequent DIP Loan Commitment”), for which it q
ualified for and elected to account for under the fair value option. For more information regarding the Company's notes receivable, refer to Notes 7 in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
Convertible Promissory Note
As described in Note 14, in December 2023 and April 2024, the Company entered into subscription agreements with each of a noteholder and a related party noteholder, respectively (together the “Subscription Agreements”) whereby each of the noteholder and the related party noteholder exchanged their ATAI Life Sciences AG notes (subsequently converted to ATAI Life Sciences GmbH in April 2025) into the same principal amount of new convertible notes issued by ATAI Life Sciences N.V. (the “New NV Notes”). The exchange resulted in the New NV Notes conversion option no longer meeting the equity classification criteria. Accordingly, at the time of the exchange modification, the Company bifurcated the conversion option and reclassified the conversion option fair value from equity to a liability, which is included in Short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability and Short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability - related party, respectively, in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. In September 2025 the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into common shares of the Company.
The conversion option was measured at fair value on a quarterly basis as well as immediately prior to conversion with any changes in the fair value recognized as Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net, a component of other income (expense), net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded losses of $
17.0
mill
ion and $
1.0
million, respectively, as a result of the change in fair value of the New NV Notes. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded losses of $
20.3
million an
d $
3.9
million, respectively, as a result of the change in fair value of the New NV Notes.
Immediately prior to conversion, the conversion option fair value was estimated utilizing the Company’s stock price on the date of conversion. Prior to conversion, the fair value of the conversion option was estimated utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model and was classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy based on the nature of the inputs and valuation techniques. The Black-Scholes option pricing model was based on the estimated market value of the underlying common stock at the valuation measurement date, the remaining contractual term of the conversion feature, risk-free interest rates, expected dividends, and expected volatility of the price of the underlying common stock. The expected volatility was based upon the historical volatility of daily lognormal returns on atai shares.
A significant input that was included in the valuation of the conversion feature as of December 31, 2024 was
volatility of
75
%.
Contingent consideration liability – related party
The contingent consideration liability - related party in the fair value measurement table above relates to milestone and royalty payments in connection with the acquisition of Perception Neuroscience Holdings, Inc. (“Perception”) in 2018. The fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities—related parties was determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represent Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the contingent milestone and royalty liabilities was estimated based on the discounted cash flow valuation technique. The technique considered the following unobservable inputs:
•
the probability and timing of achieving the specified milestones and royalties as of each valuation date,
•
the probability of executing the license agreement,
•
the expected first year of revenue, and
•
market-based discount rates.
The fair value of the Perception contingent milestone and royalty liabilities could change in future periods depending on prospects for the outcome of R-Ketamine milestone meetings with the FDA or other regulatory authorities, and whether the Company realizes a significant increase or decrease in sales upon commercialization. The most significant assumptions in the discounted cash flow valuation technique that impacts the fair value of the milestone contingent consideration are the projected milestone timing and the probability of the milestone being met. Further, significant assumptions in the discounted cash flow that impacts the fair value of the royalty contingent consideration are the projected revenue over ten years, the timing of royalties on commercial revenue, and the probability of success rate for a commercial R-Ketamine product. The valuations as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, used inputs that were unobservable inputs with the most significant being the discount rates for royalties on projected commercial revenue and clinical milestones and probability of success estimates over the following ten years, which represent Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.
27
The fair value of the contingent milestone and royalty liabilities for Perception was estimated to be $
0.1
mil
lion and $
0.1
million as of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The fair value of the Perception contingent consideration liability
–
related parties was calculated using the following significant unobservable inputs:
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Valuation Technique
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Input Range
Input Range
Discounted cash flow
Milestone contingent consideration:
Discount rate
11.6
%
11.6
%
Probability of the milestone
5.0
%
5.0
%
Discounted cash flow with scenario-based method
Royalty contingent consideration:
Discount rate for royalties
3.8
% -
4.3
%
3.8
% -
4.3
%
Discount rate for royalties on milestones
3.8
% -
4.3
%
3.8
% -
4.3
%
Probability of success rate
5.0
%
5.0
%
Contingent Consideration Liabilities
The contingent consideration liabilities in the fair value measurement table above relate to milestone payments in connection with the acquisition of DemeRx IB, Inc. (“DemeRx”), and TryptageniX, Inc. (“TryptageniX”). The fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities were determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represent Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the contingent milestone and royalty liabilities was estimated based on the discounted cash flow valuation technique. The technique considered the following unobservable inputs:
•
market-based discount rates, and
•
the probability and timing of achieving the specified milestones as of each valuation date.
DemeRx
In October 2023, the Company and DemeRx, Inc. entered into a Stock Purchase and Framework Agreement which resulted in the Company's acquisition of DemeRx, Inc.’s equity ownership of DemeRx IB (the “Stock Purchase”), in exchange for consideration that included, among other items, earn-out consideration of up to an additional $
8.0
million payable to DemeRx, Inc. contingent upon the achievement of certain development milestones directly related to DemeRx’s oral capsule formulation of ibogaine (“DMX-1002”) program. The earn-out consideration was recorded at fair value in contingent consideration as a liability under ASC 480 and the fair value is adjusted each quarter and reflected in other income and expense in the statement of operations.
The fair value of the DemeRx contingent milestone could change in future periods depending on prospects for the outcome of ibogaine milestone meetings with the FDA or other regulatory authorities. The most significant assumptions in the discounted cash flow valuation technique that impacts the fair value of the milestone contingent consideration are the projected milestone timing and the probability of the milestone being met. The valuations as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 used inputs that were unobservable inputs with the most significant being the discount rates and the probability of success of certain clinical milestones, which represent Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.
The fair value of the contingent milestone for DemeRx was estimated to be $
0.2
mi
llion and $
0.2
million as of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The fair value of the DemeRx contingent consideration liability
– related parties was calculated using the following significant unobservable inputs:
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Valuation Technique
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Input Range
Input Range
Discounted cash flow
Milestone contingent consideration:
Discount rate
11.7
%-
11.8
%
11.7
%-
11.8
%
Probability of the milestone
4.0
% -
5.0
%
4.0
% -
5.0
%
TryptageniX
TryptageniX
was incorporated by CB Therapeutics, Inc. (“CBT”) on November 17, 2021, for the purpose of developing and commercializing intellectual property and to develop innovative biosynthetic methods to manufacture bioidentical, clinically relevant compounds, including psychoactive compounds which are highly difficult to produce sustainability through traditional methods. In
28
December
2021, the Company and TryptageniX entered into the Stock Purchase Agreement (“TryptageniX-ATAI Stock Purchase Agreement”) which resulted in the Company holding a
65
% equity ownership interest and CBT holding a
35
% equity ownership interest in TryptageniX. In exchange for its equity holding, the Company gave consideration that included, among other items, earn-out consideration payable to CBT contingent upon the achievement of certain R&D milestone and royalties payments. The earn-out consideration was recorded at fair value in contingent consideration as a liability under ASC 480 and the fair value is adjusted each quarter and reflected in other income and expense in the statement of operations. Subsequently in December 2023, the Company disposed of its equity interest in TryptageniX, but retained the earnout consideration with CBT.
The fair value of the contingent liability for TryptageniX was estimated to be an immaterial amount as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The fair value of the success fee liability was estimated based on the scenario-based method within the income approach. The fair value of the contingent liability for TryptageniX was determined based on significant unobservable inputs, including the discount rate, estimated probabilities of success, and timing of achieving certain clinical milestones. The fair value of the royalties liability was determined to be de minimis as the products are in the early stages of development. The Company will continue to assess the appropriateness of the fair value of the contingent liability as the products continue through development.
Pre-funded warrant liabilities
On June 2, 2025, the Company entered into the subscription agreements, dated as of June 2, 2025 (the “June 2025 Subscription Agreements”) relating to the purchase (the “June 2025 PIPE Financing”) by the investors party thereto of (i)
9,993,341
common shares of the Company with a nominal value of €
0.10
per share for a purchase price of $
1.84
per share, and (ii) a pre-funded warrant to purchase
6,311,006
common shares with an exercise price of $
0.01
(the “June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants”), for a purchase price of $
1.84
per common share underlying the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants less the exercise price for the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants of $
0.01
per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the June 2025 PIPE Financing of approximately $
29.9
million. See Note 15 for further details regarding the June 2025 PIPE Financing.
On July 1, 2025, the Company entered into subscription agreements, dated as of July 1, 2025 (“July 2025 Subscription Agreements”), relating to the purchase (the “July 2025 PIPE Financing”) by the investors party thereto of
18,264,840
common shares in the capital of the Company with a nominal value of €
0.10
per share for a purchase price of $2.19 per share and a pre-funded warrant to purchase
4,566,210
common shares with an exercise price of $
0.01
(the “July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant”) for a purchase price of $
2.19
per common share underlying the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant less the exercise price for the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant of $0.01 per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the July 2025 PIPE Financing of approximately $
50.0
million.
See Note 15 for further details regarding the July 2025 PIPE Financing.
Under ASC 815, the Company recognizes the June and July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants, respectively, at fair value as Pre-funded warrant liabilities within its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The change in fair value of the Company's Pre-Funded Warrants is recognized as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of these instruments are estimated based on the Company's stock price observable in the market less the exercise price, which represents a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company recognized $
33.7
million and $
35.9
million losses, respectively, related to the change in fair value of the Pre-funded June and July Warrants.
The following table provides a roll forward of the aggregate fair values of the
Company’s financial instruments described above, for which fair value is determined using Level 3 inputs (in thousands):
Beckley Psytech Additional Warrants
New NV Notes Conversion Feature
Contingent
Consideration
Liability -
Related Parties
(i)
Contingent
Consideration
Liabilities
(ii)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$
2,783
$
2,611
$
110
$
212
Change in fair value
519
122
—
—
Balance as of March 31, 2025
$
3,302
$
2,733
$
110
$
212
Change in fair value
(
3,302
)
3,050
—
—
Balance as of June 30, 2025
$
—
$
5,783
$
110
$
212
Change in fair value
—
17,077
—
—
Conversion of convertible notes
—
(
22,860
)
—
—
Balance as of September 30, 2025
$
—
$
—
$
110
$
212
(i)
Includes Perception milestone based contingent consideration liability.
(ii)
Includes contingent consideration liability related to DemeRx IB Stock Purchase as well as contingent consideration liability related to the TryptageniX research and development milestone success fee payments and royalties payments.
29
IntelGenx Convertible Notes Receivable
IntelGenx Investments Held at Fair Value
(i)
IntelGenx Subsequent DIP Loan Commitment
Contingent
Consideration
Liability -
Related Parties
(ii)
Contingent
Consideration
Liabilities
(iii)
New NV Notes Conversion Feature
Beckley Psytech Additional Warrants
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$
11,202
$
6,124
$
—
$
620
$
1,637
$
2,385
$
—
Initial fair value of instrument
988
420
—
—
—
—
2,645
Change in fair value, including interest
1,712
1,429
—
(
13
)
(
231
)
1,734
—
Balance as of March 31, 2024
$
13,902
$
7,973
$
—
$
607
$
1,406
$
4,119
$
2,645
Initial fair value of instrument
3,425
—
680
—
—
3,590
—
Change in fair value, including interest
(
7,455
)
(
7,973
)
—
(
27
)
(
32
)
(
4,780
)
720
Balance as of June 30, 2024
$
9,872
$
—
$
680
$
580
$
1,373
$
2,929
$
3,364
Initial fair value of instrument
$
3,830
—
—
—
—
—
—
Additional Warrants received
$
—
—
—
—
—
—
(
1,538
)
Change in fair value, including interest
$
(
8,002
)
—
(
533
)
70
15
(
932
)
(
105
)
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$
5,700
$
—
$
147
$
650
$
1,388
$
1,997
$
1,721
(i)
Includes, Initial Warrants, Additional Unit Awards, 2023 Initial Warrants, 2023 Subsequent Warrants, and Call Option Units.
(ii)
Includes Perception's milestone-based contingent consideration liability.
(iii)
Includes the contingent consideration liability related to DemeRx IB Stock Purchase and the contingent consideration liability related to the TryptageniX
research and development milestone success fee payments and royalties payments.
30
9. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses consist of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Prepaid research and development related expenses
$
3,180
$
4,900
Other
1,002
775
Tax receivables
907
1,348
Prepaid insurance
807
772
Total
$
5,896
$
7,795
31
10. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Manufacturing equipment
$
1,572
$
1,572
Furniture and fixtures
890
973
Laboratory and office equipment
236
236
Computer equipment
152
152
Construction-in-process
893
—
$
3,743
$
2,933
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
733
398
Total
$
3,010
$
2,535
As of September 30, 2025
, substantially all of the Company’s in use manufacturing equipment, laboratory and office equipment, computer equipment, and construction-in-process were located in Canada and were comprised of assets acquired in connection with the Company's acquisition of Nualtis. The Company had $
1.0
million of manufacturing equipment not in service located in Germany also acquired in connection with the Company's acquisition of Nualtis. As of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately
$
0.6
million and $
0.7
million of the Company's remaining net property and equipment was located in Germany, respectively, and an immaterial amount and $
0.1
million in the U.S., respectively.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was
$
0.2
million
and an immaterial amount, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024,
depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was $
0.4
million and
$
0.1
million,
respectively.
32
11. Intangible Assets, Goodwill, and Digital Assets
Intangible Assets
Definite-lived Intangible Assets
In connection with the Company’s acquisition of Nualtis (see Note 4 above), the Company acquired ownership and intellectual property rights to Nualtis’s Oral Thin Film (“OTF”) platform technology. This platform technology serves as the foundation and platform to deliver active pharmaceutical ingredients for both the Company’s and other potential customer products. Collectively, the OTF Technologies will serve as a platform for both the Company's and other potential customers' own products. The Company determined there to be legal and competitive factors that limit the useful life of these OTF Technologies and therefore designated them as a definite-lived intangible asset.
In addition, the Company acquired a manufacturing contract with regards to Nualtis's right to manufacture gBelBuca, a generic version of Belbuca®, an opioid that is used to manage chronic pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term treatment. This manufacturing contract includes potential future royalty and milestone payments, for which the Company is now eligible to receive.
In accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, the Company allocated
the acquisition cost for the transaction to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based upon the estimated fair values of those assets and liabilities at the date of acquisition. The value allocated to the OTF Technology was $
2.4
million, which will be amortized over the remaining estimated useful life of approxima
tely
10.2
years from the time of acquisition. The value allocated to the gBelBuca contract was $
0.2
million, which will be amortized over the estimated remaining useful life of approximately
19.3
years from the time of acquisition.
In addition to the definite-lived intangible assets above, the Company's definite-lived intangible assets also includes internal-use software costs, which will be amortized over the estimated remaining useful life of
approximately
4.2
y
ears from the date the software was put into service.
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets
As of September 30, 2025, the Company owned various intellectual property, including clinical trial data from previously consolidated or wholly-owned subsidiaries and other intangible assets. The Company has designated each of these intangible assets to be indefinite-lived as there are no characteristics that limit each asset's useful life.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company determined it was no longer pursuing digital therapeutics as an enabling technology for its product compounds. The Company performed an impairment assessment and concluded its in-process digital therapeutics application platforms were fully impaired. The carrying value of these indefinite-lived intangible assets prior to the Company's assessment was $
0.9
million.
The Company continually evaluates whether events or circumstances have occurred that indicate that the carrying value of the intangible assets may be impaired or that the estimated remaining useful lives of these assets may warrant revision. As of September 30, 2025, the Company determined that no intangible assets were impaired and that there are no facts or circumstances that would indicate a need for changing the estimated remaining useful lives of these assets.
Intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Remaining Useful Lives
Cost
Accumulated Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
Cost
Accumulated Amortization
Impairment
Net Carrying Amount
OTF Technology
9.2
years
$
2,433
$
(
231
)
$
2,202
$
2,433
$
(
57
)
$
—
$
2,376
gBelBuca manufacturing contract
18.3
years
192
(
10
)
182
192
(
2
)
—
190
Internal-use software
0.5
years
694
(
605
)
89
647
(
466
)
—
181
In-process research and development
indefinite-lived
145
—
145
1,059
—
(
917
)
142
Other
various
419
(
11
)
408
368
(
11
)
—
357
Total
$
3,883
$
(
857
)
$
3,026
$
4,698
$
(
536
)
$
(
917
)
$
3,246
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, amortization expense related to these intangible assets was
$
0.1
million and an immaterial amount, respectively. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, amortization expense related to these intangible assets was $
0.3
million and
0.1
million, r
espectively.
33
Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets subsequent to
September 30, 2025 is as follows (in thousands):
2025
$
102
2026
300
2027
249
2028
249
2029
249
Thereafter
1,338
$
2,487
The weighted average remaining useful lives of all amortizable assets is a
pproximately
9.6
years.
Goodwill
In connection with the Company's acquisition of Nualtis (see Note 4 above), the Company also recognized $
0.3
million in goodwill, which was the difference between the
amount of consideration associated with the transaction in excess of the fair value of net assets acquired. The goodwill is primarily attributable to the synergies of merging operations, expected future cash flows and the value of the acquired workforce. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
, the balance of goodwill was approximately $
0.3
million.
Digital Assets
In March and July 2025, the
Company paid approximately $
5.0
million and $
5.0
million in cash, respectively, in return for approximately
58
and
41
Bitcoins, respectively
.
As of September 30, 2025, the Company's holdings in digital assets consisted exclusively of Bitcoin.
Under ASC 350-60, the Company’s digital assets are measured at fair value based on quoted prices on active exchanges, and are therefore categorized as Level 1 investments in the fair value hierarchy. The Company recognizes changes in the fair value of its digital assets as gains or losses in Change in fair value of digital assets, net on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations during the period in which they occur.
The details of the activity related to the Company’s digital assets as of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are as follows (fair value in thousands):
Units
Fair Value
Digital assets at December 31, 2024
—
$
—
Additions
58.0
5,000
Unrealized loss
—
(
212
)
Digital assets at March 31, 2025
58.0
$
4,788
Unrealized gain
—
1,428
Digital assets at June 30, 2025
58.0
$
6,216
Additions
41.8
4,968
Unrealized gain
—
199
Digital assets at September 30, 2025
99.8
$
11,383
34
12. Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Accrued accounting, legal, and other professional fees
$
4,061
$
2,867
Accrued payroll
3,913
3,776
Accrued external research and development expenses
1,812
2,479
Other liabilities
487
537
Accrued restructuring costs
148
—
Taxes payable
43
188
Total
$
10,464
$
9,847
35
13. Leases
Operating lease Right-of-Use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. The operating lease ROU asset also includes lease payments made, lease incentives, and initial direct costs incurred, if any.
The Company leases certain office space under long-term operating leases that expire at various dates through 2028. The Company generally has options to renew lease terms on its facilities, which may be exercised at the Company's sole discretion.
In connection with the Company's acquisition of Nualtis on October 2, 2024, the Company assumed lessee rights to approximately
43,000
square feet of office, lab, and manufacturing spaces in Montréal, Canada
with an initial expiration date of
February 2026. The lease terms included an option to renew for an additional
5
years, which was able to be exercised at the Company's sole discretion.
In February 2025, the Company amended the lease agreements to exercise the aforementioned renewal option. As a result, the leases will now expire in February 2031. The Company adjusted the Operating lease right-of-use asset, net and lease liability by approximately $
1.7
million to reflect the extended lease term. The amendment does not entitle the Company to lease additional space.
In May 2025, the Company sublet approximately
14,800
square feet of this office, lab, and manufacturing space in Montréal, Canada.
The sublease term is for three and a half years and commenced in August 2025
. The Company has
no options to extend the term of the sublease. Under the terms of the head lease, the Company is not relieved of its obligation as lessee and will continue to make monthly rent payments. The Company performed a recoverability test of the sublease agreement upon inception by comparing the rental income under the sublease to the Company’s obligations under the head lease and noted no impairment existed on the head lease. The sublease provides for monthly payments of rent during the lease term. The base rent is currently $
0.2
million per year, subject to an annual
3.0
% increase in each subsequent year thereafter.
Payments received under the sublease are recorded as a reduction to rent expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
The weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company’s operating leases as of September 30, 2025 was
4.5
years. The weighted-average discount rate for the Company’s operating leases as of September 30, 2025 was
10.2
%.
ROU assets and lease liabilities related to the Company
’s operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
Balance Sheet Classification
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Right-of-use assets
Operating lease right-of-use asset, net
$
2,662
$
1,334
Current lease liabilities
Current portion of lease liability
$
532
$
477
Non-current lease liabilities
Non-current portion of lease liability
$
2,426
$
732
Expenses related to leases are recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The following table summarizes lease costs by component for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Lease Cost Components
Statement of Operations Classification
2025
2024
2025
2024
Operating lease cost
Operating expenses: General and administrative
$
57
$
87
$
280
$
317
Operating lease cost
Operating expenses: Research and development
162
—
357
—
Sublease income
Operating expenses: General and administrative
(
13
)
—
(
13
)
—
Short-term lease cost
Operating expenses: General and administrative
37
33
105
110
Total lease cost
$
243
$
120
$
729
$
427
Future minimum commitments under all non-cancelable operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended
Future Lease Commitments
2025
$
169
2026
857
2027
905
2028
607
2029
518
Thereafter
623
Total lease payments
$
3,679
Less: Imputed interest
(
721
)
Present value of lease liabilities
$
2,958
36
Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company
’s operating leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
406
$
436
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
$
1,709
$
—
37
14. Debt
Convertible Promissory Notes
Convertible Promissory Notes—Related Parties
During November 2018 and October 2020, the Company executed a terms and conditions agreement (the “Convertible Note Agreement”) under which it would issue convertible promissory notes to investors. An investor would become a party to the Convertible Note Agreement and would be issued a convertible promissory note by executing and delivering a subscription form. In November 2018 and October 2020, certain investors subscribed to the Convertible Note Agreement and the Company issued convertible promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of €
1.0
million or $
1.2
million (collectively, the “Convertible Notes”). The Convertible Notes are non-interest-bearing, unsecured and are due and payable on September 30, 2025, unless previously redeemed, converted, purchased or cancelled (the “Maturity Date”). Each Convertible Note has a face value of €
1
and is convertible into one share of ATAI Life Sciences AG upon the payment of €
17.00
. Conversion rights may be exercised by a noteholder at any time prior to maturity, except during certain periods subsequent to the consummation of the IPO. The Convertible Notes may be declared for early redemption by the noteholders upon occurrence of specified events of default, including payment default, insolvency and a material adverse change in the Company’s business, operations or financial or other condition. Upon early redemption, the conversion right with respect to the Convertible Notes may no longer be exercised.
The Company concluded that both the embedded conversion feature, which is exercisable by the investor at any time during the maturity, and the contingent put option, which would trigger upon the occurrence of an event of default of the Convertible Notes, do not meet the criteria to be bifurcated and separately accounted for as derivatives and the notes were recorded net of discount and issuance costs, or a reduction to the carrying value of the notes issued in November 2018, with a corresponding adjustment to additional paid in capital. The discount is being amortized using the effective interest method over the period from the respective date of issuance to the Maturity Date.
The Company determined that the October 2020 notes were issued in exchange for services previously provided by the Company’s founders and other shareholders and were fully vested and non-forfeitable upon issuance. These instruments were therefore considered share-based compensation awards to non-employees, and the instruments were initially measured and recorded at their grant date fair value based on a Black-Scholes option- pricing model. The fair value of the October 2020 notes exceeded the principal amount that will be due at maturity. Therefore, at initial recognition, the October 2020 notes were accounted for as convertible debt issued at a substantial premium, such that the face value of the note is recorded as a liability and the premium was recorded as paid-in capital.
In April 2021, the Company undertook a corporate reorganization. Upon the corporate reorganization, ATAI Life Sciences N.V became the sole shareholder of ATAI Life Sciences AG (ATAI Life Sciences AG was subsequently converted to ATAI Life Sciences GmbH in April 2025). In connection with the corporate reorganization, all former shareholders of ATAI Life Sciences AG contributed their shares of ATAI Life Sciences AG to ATAI Life Sciences N.V. and received sixteen shares in ATAI Life Sciences N.V. for every one share of ATAI Life Sciences AG. As of December 31, 2023, all notes issued in November 2018 have been converted and the only outstanding Convertible Notes are those issued in October 2020.
Exchange of Convertible Promissory Notes
In November 2023 and April 2024, a noteholder and a related party noteholder, respectively, of the Convertible Notes issued in October 2020 and ATAI Life Sciences AG (ATAI Life Sciences AG was subsequently converted to ATAI Life Sciences GmbH in April 2025)
executed exchange agreements (together the “Exchange Agreements”) where each noteholder agreed to exchange its Convertible Notes issued by ATAI Life Sciences AG (“Old AG Notes”) into the same principal amount of New NV Notes. The New NV Notes are non-interest-bearing, unsecured and are due and payable on September 30, 2025, unless previously redeemed, converted, purchased or cancelled (the “Maturity Date”). Each New NV Note has a face value of €
1
and is convertible into
sixteen
shares of ATAI Life Sciences NV upon the payment of €
17.00
. Conversion rights may be exercised by a noteholder at any time prior to maturity. The New NV Notes may be declared for early redemption by the noteholders upon occurrence of specified events of default, including payment default, insolvency and a material adverse change in the Company’s business, operations or financial or other condition. Upon early redemption, the conversion right with respect to the New NV Notes may no longer be exercised.
In December 2023 and April 2024, the Company entered into subscription agreements with each of the noteholder and related party noteholder, respectively (together the “Subscription Agreements”) and exchanged their respective Old AG Notes into New NV Notes. The Company determined that the note exchanges were modifications of the debt. The Exchange Agreements and Subscription Agreements resulted in the New NV Notes conversion option no longer meeting the equity classification criteria. Accordingly, at the time of the Exchange Agreements modification, the Company bifurcated the conversion option and reclassified the conversion option fair value from equity to a liability and is included in Convertible promissory notes and derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheets. The conversion option is measured at fair value on a quarterly basis and any changes in the fair value will be recorded as Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net, in the consolidated statements of operations.
38
Conversion of Convertible Promissory Notes
In September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into a total of
6,185,904
common shares of the Company. The conversion of the New NV Notes was accounted for as a conversion as the notes converted pursuant to a conversion feature. Accordingly, the Company derecognized the carrying amount of the notes with no gain or loss recognized upon conversion. Upon conversion, the Company received $
7.7
million.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a loss of
$
17.0
million and $
1.0
million, respectively, as a result of the change in fair value of the New NV Notes. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized losses of $
20.3
million and $
3.9
million, respectively, as a result of the change in fair value of the New NV Notes.
As of December 31, 2024
, the fair value of the Short-term convertible Notes and derivative liability was $
1.8
million and the fair value of the Short-term convertible promissory note and derivative liability - related party was $
1.2
million.
Term Loan
Hercules Loan and Security Agreement
In August 2022, the Company and certain subsidiaries, as guarantors, and Hercules Capital, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Hercules”), entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (as amended, the “Hercules Loan Agreement”). The Hercules Loan Agreement provided for term loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $
175.0
million under multiple tranches (collectively, the “2022 Term Loan Facility”).
The 2022 Term Loan Facility was scheduled to mature on
August 1, 2026
(the “Maturity Date”), subject to extension under certain conditions. The outstanding principal balance of the 2022 Term Loan Facility bore interest at a floating interest rate per annum equal to the greater of either (i) the prime rate as reported in the Wall Street Journal plus
4.30
% and (ii)
9.05
%; provided, that if certain conditions were satisfied, the rate of interest in the foregoing clause (i) would be prime rate as reported in The Wall Street Journal plus
4.05
%. Accrued interest was payable monthly following the funding of each term loan advance. The Company was entitled to make interest only payments, without any loan amortization payments, until September 1, 2025, subject to extension under certain conditions.
The Hercules Loan Agreement contained customary closing and commitment fees, prepayment fees and provisions, events of default and representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant requiring the Company to maintain certain levels of cash in accounts subject to a control agreement in favor of the Agent (the “Qualified Cash”) at all times commencing from August 2022, which included a cap on the amount of cash that can be held by, among others, certain of our foreign subsidiaries in Australia and the United Kingdom.
In addition, the financial covenant under the Hercules Loan Agreement required, beginning on October 1, 2024, that the Company maintain Qualified Cash in an amount no less than the sum of (1)
50
% of the outstanding amount under the 2022 Term Loan Facility, and (2) the amount of the Borrowers’ and Subsidiary Guarantors’ accounts payable that had not been paid within 180 days from the invoice date of the relevant account payable, subject to certain exceptions; provided, upon the occurrence of certain conditions, the Company was required to at all times maintain Qualified cash in an amount no less than the sum of (1)
70
% of the outstanding amount under the 2022 Term Loan Facility, and (2) the amount of the Borrowers’ and Subsidiary Guarantors’ accounts payable that had not been paid within 180 days from the invoice date of the relevant account payable, subject to certain exceptions; provided, further, that the financial covenant would not apply on any day that the Company's market capitalization is at least $
550.0
million measured on a consecutive 10-business day period immediately prior to such date of measurement and tested on a daily basis.
Upon the occurrence of an event of default, subject to any specified cure periods, the Lenders could declare all amounts owed by the Borrowers immediately due and payable by the Lenders. As of the Payoff Date (as defined below), the Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants under the Hercules Loan Agreement.
Prior to the Payoff Date, the Company incurred financing expenses related to the Hercules Loan Agreement, which were recorded as an offset to long-term debt on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. These deferred financing costs were amortized over the term of the debt using the effective interest method, and were included in other income, net in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, interest expense included no expense and $
0.1
million of amortized deferred financing costs related to the 2022 Term Loan Facility, respectively. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, interest expense included $
0.2
million and $
0.3
million of amortized deferred financing costs related to the 2022 Term Loan Facility, respectively.
On May 2, 2025, the Company and Hercules entered into a payoff letter for a voluntary prepayment with respect to the Hercules Loan Agreement (the “Payoff Letter”). Pursuant to the Payoff Letter, on May 2, 2025 (the “Payoff Date”), the Borrowers paid off the outstanding loan amount of approximately $
21.8
million in full in repayment of the Company’s outstanding obligations under the Hercules Loan Agreement, and thereby terminated the 2022 Term Loan Facility. Due to the early prepayment, the Borrowers incurred a prepayment fee equal to
0.50
% of the outstanding principal balance for a total of $
0.1
million. In addition, the Borrowers paid an end of term charge equal to
6.95
% of the outstanding principal balance for a total of $
1.4
million. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company recognized a $
1.3
million loss on extinguishment of debt, which is recorded to Loss on extinguishment of debt in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
39
There were no outstanding debt obligations as of September 30, 2025. Outstanding debt obligations as of December 31, 2024 were as follows (in thousands):
December 31, 2024
Principal amount
$
20,000
End of the term charge
1,390
Less: unamortized issuance discount
(
123
)
Less: unamortized issuance costs
(
51
)
Less: unamortized end of term charge
(
709
)
Net carrying amount
20,507
Less: current maturities
(
6,374
)
Long-term debt, net of current maturities and unamortized debt discount and issuance costs
$
14,133
The fair value of the outstanding debt obligations under the 2022 Term Loan Facility was $
21.5
million as of
December 31, 2024, and the fair value of the debt obligations under the 2022 Term Loan Facility represented L
evel 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.
40
15. Common Stock
All holders of common shares have identical rights. Each common share entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to the shareholders for a vote.
All holders of common shares are entitled to receive dividends, as may be declared by the Company’s board of directors. Upon liquidation, common shareholders will receive distribution on a pro rata basis. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, no cash dividends have been declared or paid.
Open Market Sale Agreement
In November 2022, the Company entered into an Open Market Sale Agreement
SM
,
or sales agreement, with Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”), pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell its common shares, nominal value €
0.10
per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $
150.0
million, from time to time through an “at the market” equity offering program under which Jefferies will act as sales agent
. There have been no sales under the Sales Agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
February 2025 Public Offering
In February 2025, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “February Underwriting Agreement”) with Berenberg Capital Markets LLC in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company in a public offering of
26,190,477
of its common shares, at a public offering price of $
2.10
per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The common shares were offered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on July 1, 2022 and declared effective on July 11, 2022 as well as a prospectus supplement thereto. Under the terms of the February Underwriting Agreement, the Company granted to the underwriter an option exercisable for 30 days to purchase up to an additional
3,928,571
common shares at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. Pursuant to the February Underwriting Agreement, the underwriter exercised the option to purchase the full amount of the additional
3,928,571
common shares.
The net proceeds from the offering of the common shares were approximately $
59.1
million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company.
June 2025 PIPE Financing
As described in Note 8, on June 2, 2025, the Company entered into the June 2025 Subscription Agreements relating to the purchase by the investors party thereto of (i)
9,993,341
common shares of the Company with a nominal value of €
0.10
per share for a purchase price of $
1.84
per share and (ii) the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase
6,311,006
common shares with an exercise price of $
0.01
, for a purchase price of $
1.84
per common share underlying the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant less the exercise price for the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant of $
0.01
per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the June 2025 PIPE Financing of approximately $
29.9
million. The closing of the June 2025 PIPE Financing was subject to the satisfaction of the customary closing conditions contained in the June 2025 Subscription Agreements and was completed in June 2025. The June 2025 Subscription Agreements contain customary representations, warranties and agreements by the Company and termination provisions.
The securities were issued and sold in a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and were subsequently registered for resale pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on September 29, 2025, which became automatically effective upon filing with the SEC. The securities may not be offered or sold in the United States, except pursuant to the effective registration statement or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.
The aggregate gross proceeds from the offering of the common shares in the June 2025 PIPE Financing were approximately $
18.4
million.
The June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants were immediately exercisable upon issuance, and do not expire until the date the common shares underlying the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants have been exercised in full. Under the terms of the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant, the Company may not effect the exercise of any June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant, and the holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant that, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause an aggregate number of common shares beneficially owned by such holder (together with its affiliates) to exceed
4.99
% of the total number of common shares of the Company outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. The June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant may be exercised by a holder by paying the exercise price in cash or on a cashless basis. No fractional shares will be issued upon any exercise of the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant. If, upon exercise of the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company may at its option, upon exercise, pay cash in lieu of any such factional share or round up to the nearest whole share.
The aggregate gross proceeds from the offering of the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants were approximately $
11.5
million.
Under ASC 815 the Company recognizes the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants at fair value as Pre-funded warrant liabilities within its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The Company incurred offering expenses related to the June 2025 PIPE Financing of $
1.8
million, which were allocated based on the relative fair values of common shares and pre-funded warrants issued. The Company recognized an expense for the amount allocated to the pre-funded warrants of $
0.7
million (included within Other expense, net within
the condensed consolidated statement of operations
)
upon
41
the
closing of the offering during the three months ended June 30, 2025. The Company recorded the amount allocated to the common shares of $
1.1
million as a reduction in additional paid-in capital on its condensed consolidated balance sheets as of
September 30, 2025.
July 2025 PIPE Financing
As described in Note 8, on July 1, 2025, the Company entered into the July 2025 Subscription Agreements relating to the purchase by the investors party thereto of (i)
18,264,840
common shares in the capital of the Company with a nominal value of €
0.10
per share for a purchase price of $
2.19
per share and (ii) the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase
4,566,210
common shares with an exercise price of $
0.01
for a purchase price of $
2.19
per common share underlying the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant less the exercise price for the Pre-Funded Warrant of $
0.01
per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the PIPE Financing of approximately $
50.0
million.
The closing of the July 2025 PIPE Financing was subject to the satisfaction of the customary closing conditions contained in the July 2025 Subscription Agreements and was completed in August 2025. The July 2025 Subscription Agreements contain customary representations, warranties and agreements by the Company and termination provisions.
The securities were issued and sold in a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and were subsequently registered for resale pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on September 29, 2025, which became automatically effective upon filing with the SEC. The securities may not be offered or sold in the United States, except pursuant to the effective registration statement or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.
The aggregate gross proceeds from the offering of the common shares in the June 2025 PIPE Financing were approximately $
40.0
million.
The July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants were immediately exercisable upon issuance, and do not expire until the date the common shares underlying the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants have been exercised in full. Under the terms of the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant, the Company may not effect the exercise of any July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant, and the holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant that, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause an aggregate number of common shares beneficially owned by such holder (together with its affiliates) to exceed
4.99
% of the total number of common shares of the Company outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. The July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant may be exercised by a holder by paying the exercise price in cash or on a cashless basis. No fractional shares will be issued upon any exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrant. If, upon exercise of the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company may at its option, upon exercise, pay cash in lieu of any such factional share or round up to the nearest whole share.
The aggregate gross proceeds from the offering of the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants were approximately $
10.0
million.
Under ASC 815 the Company recognizes the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants at fair value as Pre-funded warrant liabilities within its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The Company incurred offering expenses related to the July 2025 PIPE Financing of $
3.3
million, which were allocated based on the relative fair values of common shares and pre-funded warrants issued. The Company recognized an expense for the amount allocated to the pre-funded warrants of $
0.7
million (included within Other expense, net within the condensed consolidated statement of operations) upon the closing of the offering during the three months ended September 30, 2025. The Company recorded the amount allocated to the common shares of $
2.6
million as a reduction in additional paid-in capital on its condensed consolidated balance sheets as of
September 30, 2025
.
42
16. Stock-Based Compensation
atai Equity Incentive Plans
The Company has stock options outstanding under various equity incentive plans, including the 2020 Incentive Plan, 2021 Incentive Plan, and HSOP Plan, which are further described in Note 15 of the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025.
As of September 30, 2025, there
were
no
shares available for future grants under the 2020 Incentive Plan and any shares subject to outstanding options originally granted under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan that terminate, expire or lapse for any reason without the delivery of shares to the holder thereof shall become available for issuance pursuant to the 2021 Incentive Plan.
Shares that are expired, terminated, surrendered, or canceled without having been fully exercised will be available for future awards. As of September 30, 2025,
40,808,329
shares were available for future grants under the 2021 Incentive Plan.
As of September 30, 2025,
257,419
HSOP Options were available for future grants under the HSOP Plan.
Stock Option activity under 2020 Incentive Plan and 2021 Incentive Plan
The stock options outstanding noted below consist primarily of both service and performance-based options to purchase common stock. These stock options have a ten-year contractual term. These awards are subject to the risk of forfeiture until vested by virtue of continued employment or service to the Company.
The following is a summary of stock option activity from
December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025:
Number of
Options
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
40,042,922
$
3.81
7.29
$
5,119
Granted
16,257,170
(i)
1.76
-
-
Exercised
(
6,845,295
)
1.03
-
-
Cancelled or forfeited
(
4,984,732
)
4.97
-
-
Outstanding as of September 30, 2025
44,470,065
(ii)
$
3.31
7.73
$
118,801
Options exercisable as of September 30, 2025
20,582,023
$
5.07
6.18
$
34,979
(i)
Includes (a)
5,502,859
stock options with
25
% vesting on January 1, 2026 and the remaining over a
three-year
service period, (b)
5,101,898
stock options that will vest over a
one
to
four-year
service period, (c)
3,568,488
stock options that will vest upon the satisfaction of certain performance obligations and (d)
2,083,925
options vesting over
18 months
.
(ii)
The
23,888,042
outstanding unvested stock options includes (a)
13,700,601
stock options that will continue to vest over a
one
to
four-year
service period, (b)
5,502,859
stock options granted in March 2025 with
25
% vesting on January 1, 2026 and the remaining over a
three-year
service period, (c)
3,568,488
stock options that will vest upon the satisfaction of certain performance obligations, (d)
1,016,094
stock options that will vest upon the satisfaction of specified market-based conditions tied to the price of the Company's publicly traded shares, and (e)
100,000
stock options that will continue to vest over a
two-year
service period and upon the satisfaction of specified market-based conditions tied to the price of the Company's publicly traded shares.
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $
1.41
and $
1.19
per option, respectively.
The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the date of grant. During the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model were as follows:
September 30,
2025
2024
Weighted average expected term in years
5.94
5.95
Weighted average expected stock price volatility
99.3
%
73.9
%
Risk-free interest rate
3.80
% -
4.47
%
3.78
% -
4.40
%
Expected dividend yield
0
%
0
%
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of $
3.3
million and $
4.6
million, respectively. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of $
9.1
million and $
15.5
million, respectivel
y.
43
As of September 30, 2025, total unrecognized compensation cost related to the unvested stock options was $
21.4
million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
2.40
years.
Restricted Stock Unit activity under the 2021 Incentive Plan
The Company has granted RSUs to certain of its employees under the 2021 Incentive Plan, as part of its equity compensation program. Pursuant to the terms of the applicable award agreements, each RSU represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock. The restricted stock units noted below consisted of service-based awards that vested over a two-year period, subject to the risk of forfeiture until vested by virtue of continued employment or service to the Company. The Company reflects restricted stock units as issued and outstanding common stock when vested and the shares have been delivered to the individual.
The following is a summary of restricted stock unit activity from
December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025:
Number of Restricted Stock Units
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2024
719,557
$
1.18
Granted
—
—
Vested
719,557
1.18
Forfeited
—
—
Unvested at September 30, 2025
—
$
—
The Company did
no
t record any stock-based compensation expenses related to restricted stock units for the three months ended September 30, 2025. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expenses related to restricted stock units of $
0.5
million. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units of $
0.2
million and $
1.3
million, respectively.
The total fair value of restricted stock units vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2025
was $
0.8
million. As of September 30, 2025
, there was
no
unrecognized compensation cost related to any unvested restricted stock units.
The total fair value of restricted stock units vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $
1.7
million. As of September 30, 2024, total unrecognized compensation cost related to the unvested stock-based awards was $
0.5
million, which was expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
0.40
years.
Stock Option activity under HSOP Plan
The HSOP Options outstanding noted below consist of service and performance-based options to request the distribution of HSOP Shares. These HSOP Options have a fifteen-year contractual term. These HSOP Options vested over a three to four-year service period. These awards are subject to the risk of forfeiture until vested by virtue of continued employment or service to the Company.
The following is a summary of stock option acti
vity under the HSOP Plan from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025:
Number of
Options
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
6,921,829
$
6.64
11.01
$
—
Granted
—
—
—
—
Exercised
—
—
—
—
Cancelled or forfeited
—
—
—
—
Outstanding as of September 30, 2025
6,921,829
$
6.64
10.26
$
—
Options exercisable as of September 30, 2025
6,921,829
$
6.64
10.26
$
—
As shown above, the Company did not grant any new HSOP options during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 or 2024. The Company did not record any stock-based compensation expenses related to HSOP options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
. The Company recorded did not record any stock-based compensation expense related to HSOP options for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and recorded expense of $
0.1
million related to HSOP options for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
As of September 30, 2025
, there was
no
unrecognized compensation cost related to any unvested HSOP options.
Subsidiary Equity Incentive Plans
Certain controlled subsidiaries of the Company adopted their own equity incentive plans (each, an “EIP”). Each EIP is generally structured so that the applicable subsidiary, and its affiliates’ employees, directors, officers and consultants are eligible to receive non-qualified and incentive stock options and restricted stock unit awards under their respective EIP. Standard option grants have time-based vesting
44
requirements, generally vesting over a period of four years with a contractual term of ten years. Such time-based stock options use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine grant date fair value.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to EIP options of an immaterial amount. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to EIP options of an immaterial amount
and $
0.1
m
illion, respectively.
As of September 30, 2025, there was an $
0.2
million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested EIP awards to employees and non-employee directors expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately
3.4
years.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense is allocated to either research and development or general and administrative expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations in the same manner in which the award recipient’s salary and related costs are classified or in which the award recipient’s service payments are classified, as applicable.
The following tables summarize the total stock-based compensation expense by function for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, which includes expense related to stock options and restricted stock unit awards (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, 2025
atai 2020 and 2021 Incentive Plans
Other Subsidiary Equity Plans
Total
Research and development
$
1,164
$
9
$
1,173
General and administrative
2,111
9
2,120
Total stock-based compensation expense
$
3,275
$
18
$
3,293
Nine months ended September 30, 2025
atai 2020 and 2021 Incentive Plans
Other Subsidiary Equity Plans
Total
Research and development
$
2,683
$
20
$
2,703
General and administrative
6,613
18
6,631
Total stock-based compensation expense
$
9,296
$
38
$
9,334
The following tables summarize the total stock-based compensation expense by function for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, which includes expense related to stock options and restricted stock unit awards (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, 2024
atai 2020 and 2021 Incentive Plans
Other Subsidiaries Equity Plan
Total
Research and development
$
1,949
$
15
$
1,964
General and administrative
3,082
—
3,082
Total stock-based compensation expense
$
5,031
$
15
$
5,046
Nine months ended September 30, 2024
atai 2020 and 2021 Incentive Plans
atai
HSOP
Other Subsidiaries Equity Plan
Total
Research and development
$
6,317
$
—
$
135
$
6,452
General and administrative
10,506
117
13
10,636
Total stock-based compensation expense
$
16,823
$
117
$
148
$
17,088
45
17. Income Taxes
The Company records its quarterly income tax expense by utilizing an estimated annual effective tax rate applied to its period to date earnings as adjusted for any discrete items arising during the quarter. The tax effects for discrete items are recorded in the period in which they occur. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded tax expense of $
0.1
million and an income tax benefit of $
0.2
million, respectively. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded tax expense of $
0.4
million and an income tax benefit of $
0.2
million, respectively. The income tax expense recorded for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by tax expense of subsidiaries in the United States and the United Kingdom. The increase in income tax expense shown for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by discrete tax expenses related to stock compensation, interest expense and tax payment true ups. The primary difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate relates to the income tax treatment of stock compensation expense, which impacts the current and overall tax expense due to the applicable valuation allowance. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.
In early June 2025, the Company migrated its headquarters and effective place of management (“EPOM”) from Berlin, Germany to Amstelveen, Netherlands. Following the change, the Company became exclusively a tax resident, and fully liable to tax, in the Netherlands. Generally, the forfeiture of German taxation rights based on the change in a company’s EPOM is associated with a taxable event for German tax purposes. Based on current analysis, and when considering the availability of German tax attributes such as asset bases, current year losses, and tax loss carryforwards, the taxable gain associated with the Company’s change in EPOM is expected to be minimal.
In July 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Act includes substantial changes to the U.S. federal tax code and broader fiscal policy for tax years 2025 and forward. The Company has considered any applicable impacts to its tax provision, and determined that the impact is not significant. There are several provisions of the Tax Act that will impact the Company’s calculation of its tax position in the future, for which the Company will continue to assess and record in the periods to which they apply.
46
18. Net Loss Per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to atai stockholders were calculated as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
For the three months ended September 30,
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
2025
2024
Basic and Diluted EPS
Numerator:
Net loss
$
(
61,098
)
$
(
26,311
)
$
(
115,309
)
$
(
111,058
)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(
24
)
(
25
)
(
75
)
(
747
)
Net loss attributable to ATAI Life Sciences N.V. shareholders - basic and diluted
$
(
61,074
)
$
(
26,286
)
$
(
115,234
)
$
(
110,311
)
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. Stockholders - basic and diluted
217,601,496
160,621,817
196,963,517
159,973,201
Net loss per share attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. shareholders - basic and diluted
$
(
0.28
)
$
(
0.16
)
$
(
0.59
)
$
(
0.69
)
HSOP Shares issued to the Partnership and allocated to the HSOP Participants are not considered outstanding for accounting purposes and not included in the calculation of basic weighted average common shares outstanding in the table above because the HSOP Participants have a forfeitable right to distributions until the HSOP Options vest and are exercised, at which time the right becomes nonforfeitable.
The following also represents the maximum amount of outstanding shares of potentially dilutive securities that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common shareholders for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:
Potentially dilutive securities to the Company’s common shares:
As of September 30,
2025
2024
Options to purchase common stock
44,470,065
41,937,393
HSOP options to purchase common stock
6,921,829
6,921,829
2018 short-term convertible promissory notes - related parties
—
2,367,200
2018 short-term convertible promissory notes
—
3,818,704
Pre-funded warrants
10,877,216
—
Unvested restricted stock units
—
1,127,057
62,269,110
56,172,183
47
19. Commitments and Contingencies
Research and Development Agreements
The Company may enter into contracts in the normal course of business with clinical research organizations for clinical trials, with contract manufacturing organizations for clinical supplies and with other vendors for preclinical studies, supplies and other services and products for operating purposes.
Indemnification
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to vendors, lessors, business partners, non-executive board members, officers and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company, negligence or willful misconduct of the Company, violations of law by the Company, or intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with our non-employee directors and certain officers and employees that will require the Company, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as non-employee directors, officers or employees. No demands have been made upon the Company to provide indemnification under such agreements, and thus, there are no claims that the Company is aware of that could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
The Company also maintains director and officer insurance, which may cover certain liabilities arising from its obligation to indemnify the Company’s directors. To date, the Company has not incurred any material costs and has not accrued any liabilities in the consolidated financial statements as a result of these provisions.
Contingencies
From time to time, the Company may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company is unable to predict the outcome of these matters or the ultimate legal and financial liability, and at this time cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss and accordingly has not accrued a related liability. At each reporting date, the Company evaluates whether or not a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable under the provisions of the authoritative guidance that addresses accounting for contingencies. The Company accrues a liability when a loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When a material loss contingency is reasonably possible but not probable, the Company does not record a liability, but instead discloses the nature and the amount of the claim, and an estimate of the loss or range of loss, if such an estimate can be made. Legal fees are expensed as incurred. Given that such proceedings are subject to uncertainty, there can be no assurance that such legal proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
48
20. License Agreements
National University Corporation Chiba University License Agreement
In August 2017, Perception entered into a license agreement (the “CHIBA License”), with the National University Corporation Chiba University (“CHIBA”), relating to Perception’s drug discovery and development initiatives. Under the CHIBA License, Perception has been granted a worldwide exclusive license under certain patents and know-how of CHIBA to research, develop, manufacture, use and commercialize therapeutic products.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, respectively, the Company made
no
material payments pursuant to the CHIBA License.
Allergan License Agreement
In February 2020, Recognify entered into an amended and restated license agreement (the “Allergan License Agreement”), with Allergan Sales, LLC (“Allergan”), under which Allergan granted Recognify an exclusive (non-exclusive as to know-how), sublicensable and worldwide license under certain patent rights and know-how controlled by Allergan to develop, manufacture and commercialize certain products for use in all fields including the treatment of certain diseases and conditions of the central nervous system.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, respectively, Recognify made
no
material payments pursuant to the Allergan License Agreement.
Dalriada License Agreement
In December 2021, Invyxis, Inc. (“Invyxis”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into an exclusive services and license agreement (the “Invyxis ESLA”) with Dalriada Drug Discovery Inc. (“Dalriada”). Under the Invyxis ESLA, Dalriada is to exclusively collaborate with Invyxis to develop products, services and processes with the specific purpose of generating products consisting of new chemical entities. Invyxis will pay Dalriad
a up to $
12.8
millio
n in service fees for research and support services. In addition, Invyxis will pay Dalriada success milestone payments and low single digit royalty payments based on net product sales. Invyxis has the right, but not the obligation, to settle future royalty payments based on net product sales with the Company's common stock. Invyxis and Dalriada will determine the equity settlement based on a price per share determined by both parties.
In January 2022, in accordance with the Invyxis ESLA, Invyxis paid an upfront depo
sit of $
1.1
million,
which was capitalized as prepaid research and development expense.
In December 2022, the Company executed an amendment to the Invyxis ESLA, which reduced the upfront deposit from $
1.1
million to $
0.5
million. As such, the remaining $
0.6
million was applied against research and development expense incurred. The Company will expense the remaining deposit as the services are performed as a component of research and development expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, the Company recorded
zero
and an immaterial amount, respectively, as research and development expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, the Company recorded
zero
and $
0.4
million, respectively, as research and development expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
, respectively, Invyxis made
no
other service fee payments to Dalriada.
Rizafilm LLC License and Supply Agreement
As described in Note 3, in January 2025, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Nualtis, entered into an APA and a Supply Agreement with Rizafilm. Under the APA, Nualtis sold licensing and intellectual property rights of Nualtis's oral thin film technology and under the Supply Agreement, subject to approval by the FDA, Nualtis will serve as the sole manufacturer of Rizafilm's products over a five year term with an automatic renewal option for an additional five years unless either party provides sufficient written notice.
During the three months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company did
no
t recognize any license revenue under the license agreement. During the
nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company
recognized $
0.2
million
of the upfront fee paid by Rizafilm as license revenue.
Psilera Acquisition
In February 2025, the Company entered into an Intellectual Property Assignment & License Agreement with Psilera, Inc. (“Psilera”) under which the Company has acquired Psilera's dimethyltryptamine (“DMT”) patent portfolio, including all granted and pending patents related to DMT and other related psychedelics. In return, the Company paid Psilera an upfront fee of $
0.8
million upon execution of the agreement and may also be required to pay Psilera additional consideration upon the achievement of certain regulatory and sales milestones, in addition to certain sales-based royalties over a ten-year period. The Company determined that the transaction was an asset acquisition under ASC 805 and recognized the upfront fee of $
0.8
million as research and development expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
49
The Company has determined the regulatory and sales milestones meet the requirements of contingent consideration acquired via an asset acquisition. As described in Note 2 above, the Company has elected the practical expedient under FASB's Statement 141 for the accounting of the regulatory and sales milestones. Under this guidance, the contingent consideration will be recorded once the contingencies are resolved and the consideration is issued or becomes issuable.
In August 2025, Psilera achieved a milestone related to the grant of certain patents by the United States Patent Office. Upon completion of the milestone, the Company paid Psilera $
2.3
million,
which is also recognized as research and development expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2025
. The Company may be required to pay Psilera up to an additional $
80.0
million upon the completion of certain sales milestones.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
, the Company did
no
t make any other payments to Psilera in connection with the Psilera Agreement. Additionally, as of
September 30, 2025
, the Company did
no
t record any contingent liabilities in connection with the Psilera Agreement.
50
21. Related Party Transactions
atai Formation
In connection with the formation of atai in 2018, the Company entered into a series of transactions with its shareholders Apeiron Investment Group Ltd. (“Apeiron”), the family office of Christian Angermayer, Co-Founder and Chairman of the Company, among other shareholders, contributed their investments in COMPASS, Innoplexus and Juvenescence Ltd. to the Company in exchange for the Company's common stock of equivalent value. Apeiron is the family office of the Company’s co-founder who owns
23.0
% and
20.1
% of the outstanding common stock in the Company as of
September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Consulting Agreement with Mr. Angermayer
In January 2024, the Company and Mr.
Angermayer entered into the Termination and New Consultancy Agreement (the “2024 Consultancy Agreement”). Pursuant to the 2024 Consultancy Agreement, the parties agreed to terminate the original consulting agreement between ATAI AG and Mr. Angermayer dated January 16, 2021 (the “Original Consultancy Agreement”) and enter into a new consultancy agreement between the Company and Mr. Angermayer to, among other things, extend the term of the Original Consultancy Agreement to January 5, 2028, increase the services to include various business objectives (including related to business and finance, communication and investor relations), and provide for the grant of an option to purchase
1,658,094
shares of the Company that vests over four years in part based on continued service and in part based on the Company's total shareholder return compared to the four-year total shareholder return of the companies comprising the XBI.
In June 2025
, the Company granted to Mr. Angermayer in further consideration of his continued service as a consultant and other valuable consideration (i) an option to purchase 337,686 common shares of the Company that will vest with respect to 131,698 shares subject to the option based on the Company’s standard four year vesting schedule and with respect to 205,988 shares subject to the option based on the Company achieving certain asset value goals by December 31, 2026 and continued service with the Company, and (ii) an option to purchase 292,500 shares that will vest based on Company achieving certain asset value goals by December 31, 2026. In addition, the options are subject to Mr. Angermayer entering into an amended consultancy agreement that provides for compliance with the Company’s code of conduct, compliance program and the voting agreement entered by Apeiron in connection with the Beckley Psytech Transaction.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized
$
0.1
million and $
0.1
million, respectively, of stock-based compensation included in general and administrative expense in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations related to Mr. Angermayer’s consulting agreement. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized
$
0.4
million and $
0.3
million, respectively, of stock-based compensation included in general and administrative expense in its unaudited condensed
consolidated statements of operations related to Mr. Angermayer’s consulting agreement.
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized an immaterial amount, respectively, of stock-based compensation included in general and administrative expense in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations related to Mr. Angermayer's service as Chairman of the supervisory board, as in effect at that time. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized
$
0.1
million and
$
0.3
million, respectively, of stock-based compensation included in general and administrative expense in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations related to Mr. Angermayer's service as Chairman of the supervisory board.
Apeiron's Purchase of Common Shares
As mentioned in Note 15 above, the Company entered into the February Underwriting Agreement in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company in a public offering of its common shares.
Apeiron participated in the public offering, purchasing
10,835,718
common shares at a price per share of $
2.10
. Additionally, in August 2025, the Company sold common shares to certain investors pursuant to the
July 2025 Subscription Agreements. Apeiron participated in this offering, purchasing
8,675,799
common shares at a price of $
2.19
per share.
Conversion of Convertible Promissory Notes
In September 2025, Apeiron, the related party note holder described in Note 6, exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of its New NV Notes int
o
2,367,200
common shares.
Beckley Psytech Promissory Note
As mentioned in Note 7,
the Company issued a Promissory Note to Beckley Psytech in the principal amount of $
10.0
million, with net proceeds to be used for the achievement of specified product development milestones.
51
22. Defined Contribution Plan
The Company has a defined contribution retirement savings plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. This plan allows eligible employees to defer a portion of their annual compensation. Employees may make contributions by having the Company withhold a percentage of their salary up to the Internal Revenue Service annual limit. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $
0.1
million and $
0.1
million, respectively, of related compensation expense. For the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $
0.2
million and $
0.3
million, respectively of related compensation expense.
52
23. Corporate Restructuring
2025 Restructuring
In March 2025, the Company eliminated approximately
25
% of its global workforce as part of a restructuring initiative in order to reduce operational costs and extend the Company's cash runway.
Restructuring expense related to the workforce reduction incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2025
resulted in $
1.1
million of restructuring expense, which consisted of $
1.1
million of cash expenditures for severance and other employee separation-related costs and an immateria
l amount of stock-based compensation expense. Of the restructuring expense, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025
, $
0.4
million and $
0.7
million were recorded in research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses, respectively, in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
As of September 30, 2025
, net restructuring liabilities totaled approximately $
0.1
million, which a
re included in accrued expenses on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
2024 Restructuring
In February 2024, the Company eliminated approximately
10
% of its global workforce in order to more effectively allocate its research and development and other resources supporting the revised business and program priorities and to reduce operational costs.
Restructuring expense related to the workforce reduction incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, resulted in $
2.0
million of restructuring expense, which consisted of
1.6
million of cash expenditures for severance and other employee separation-related costs and $
0.4
million of stock-based compensation expense. Of the restructuring expense, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, $
0.3
million and $
1.7
million, respectively, were recorded in research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses, respectively, in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
As of September 30, 2024, net restructuring liabilities totaled approximately $
0.1
million included in accrued expenses on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
A reconciliation of the restructuring charges and related payments for the
nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (in thousands):
As of September 30,
2025
2024
Restructuring costs expensed during the period
$
1,098
$
2,026
Non-cash impact of stock-based compensation
(
53
)
(
358
)
Cash payments of restructuring liabilities, net
(
897
)
(
1,558
)
Ending Restructuring liability
$
148
$
110
53
24. Segment Reporting
The Company's operations are organized into
one
operating and reportable segment dedicated to the global discovery, research, development, and commercialization of
highly effective mental health treatments to transform patient outcomes. The Company's Chief Executive Officer is the Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and makes key operating decisions and assesses performance on a consolidated basis. The Company's determination that it operates as a single operating segment is consistent with the financial information regularly reviewed by the CODM.
The Company's primary operations are located in the United States, Germany, and Canada. The measure of segment assets is reported on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as total assets. Refer to Note 10 for more information regarding the Company's property and equipment assets by geographic region.
The Company has not generated any revenues to date from the sale of its product candidates and does not anticipate generating any revenues from the sale of its product candidates unless and until it successfully completes development and obtains regulatory approval to market its product candidates. The Company does recognize revenue through its licenses of intellectual property and development agreements. Refer to Notes 3 and 20 for more information.
For the Company's single reportable segment, the CODM uses net loss that is reported on the consolidated statements of operations to allocate resources, predominantly during the annual budget and forecasting process. The CODM also uses non-financial inputs and qualitative information to evaluate the Company's performance, establish compensation, monitor budget versus actual results, and decide the level of investment in the Company's various operating activities and other capital allocation activities.
The Company's reportable segment net loss, including significant segment expenses, for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 consisted of the following (in thousands):
For the three months ended September 30,
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
2025
2024
License revenue
$
—
$
40
$
202
$
313
Research and development services revenue
749
—
2,821
—
Total revenue
$
749
$
40
$
3,023
$
313
Research and Development
VLS-01
3,878
1,582
9,690
6,363
EMP-01
3,277
355
5,414
622
Discovery (Non-hallucinogenic)
480
794
1,245
1,648
RL-007
580
3,852
4,822
8,057
Other programs
(i)
474
1,423
2,000
4,394
Personnel and employee-related expenses
(ii)
2,220
2,184
7,082
7,896
Non-cash share-based compensation expense
1,167
1,964
2,710
6,445
Depreciation and Amortization
94
—
213
—
Other Expenses
(iii)
2,510
215
3,924
1,089
General and Administrative
Personnel and employee-related expenses
(ii)
2,727
2,320
8,718
10,417
Non-cash share-based compensation expense
2,124
3,075
6,597
10,285
Accounting and Tax Fees
2,681
1,252
6,010
4,353
Legal & Intellectual Property Fees
4,665
1,760
11,595
4,517
Insurance
316
315
1,150
1,894
Depreciation and Amortization
167
83
492
248
Other Expenses, net
(iii)
1,825
1,470
5,440
4,511
Interest income
504
160
938
585
Interest expense
—
(
783
)
(
1,164
)
(
2,172
)
Other segment items
(iv)
(
33,166
)
(
3,086
)
(
41,004
)
(
37,045
)
Segment and consolidated net loss
$
(
61,098
)
$
(
26,311
)
$
(
115,309
)
$
(
111,058
)
(i)
Includes direct expenses related to PCN-101, KUR-101, RLS-01, EGX-121, Nualtis, enabling technologies, and other discovery programs.
(ii)
Includes labor, benefits, and personnel-based restructuring expenses.
(iii)
Includes professional consulting services, facilities costs, technology and communication costs, and other general and administrative costs.
(iv)
Includes benefit from research and development tax credit, change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net,
loss on extinguishment of debt, change in fair value of digital assets, foreign exchange gains (losses), net, issuance costs allocated to the June and July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrants
,
benefit (provision) for income taxes, and losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax.
54
25. Subsequent Events
October 2025 Public Offering
In October 2025, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “October Underwriting Agreement”) with Jefferies, as representative of the underwriters, in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company in a public offering of
23,725,000
of its common shares, at a public offering price of $
5.48
per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The common shares were offered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on September 29, 2025, which became automatically effective upon filing with the SEC, as well as a prospectus supplement thereto. Under the terms of the October Underwriting Agreement, the Company granted to the underwriters an option exercisable for 30 days to purchase up to an additional
3,558,750
common shares at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. Pursuant to the October Underwriting Agreement, the underwriters exercised the option to purchase the full amount of the additional
3,558,750
common shares.
The net proceeds from the offering of the common shares were approximately $
139.4
million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company.
Beckley Psytech Strategic Combination
On November 5, 2025, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of the entire issued share capital of Beckley Psytech not already owned by the Company, in exchange for an aggregate of
103,000,066
common shares issued directly as share consideration or underlying replacement awards pursuant to the SPA, which such shares or replacement awards were issued to the shareholders of Beckley Psytech, certain consultants of Beckley Psytech and certain equity award holders in Beckley Psytech.
In connection with the completion of the acquisition and as previously announced, the Company changed its name to “Atai Beckley N.V.”
Following the closing of the Beckley Psytech Transaction, the Company
registered for resale
5,316,238
common shares, which were issued to the selling securityholders in connection with the acquisition, pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on September 29, 2025, which became automatically effective upon filing with the SEC, as well as a prospectus supplement thereto.
55
Item 2. Mana
gement’s Discussion and Analysis of Fina
ncial Condition and Results of Operations.
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in our Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 17, 2025. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report and may be updated from time to time in our other filings with the SEC.
All references to years, unless otherwise noted, refer to our fiscal years, which end on December 31. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this subsection to “we,” “us,” “our,” “atai” or the “Company” refer to ATAI Life Sciences N.V and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the consummation of the strategic combination with Beckley Psytech (the “Beckley Psytech Transaction”) and to Atai Beckley N.V. and its consolidated subsidiaries after the consummation of the Beckley Psytech Transaction.
Business Overview
Overview
Founded in 2025 through the strategic combination of atai Life Sciences N.V. and Beckley Psytech Limited, AtaiBeckley is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company on a mission to create breakthroughs for people with difficult-to-treat mental health conditions. Our work is grounded in rigorous science to deliver meaningful outcomes for the patients we serve.
Mental health disorders are highly prevalent and estimated to affect more than one billion people globally. The economic burden of these disorders is substantial and is growing rapidly. Between 2009 and 2019, spending on mental health care in the United States increased by more than 50%, reaching $225 billion, and a Lancet Commission report estimates that the global economic cost will reach $16 trillion by 2030. While current treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (“SSRIs”) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (“SNRIs”) are well established and effective for certain patients, approximately 65% of patients do not achieve remission of their symptoms after up to four antidepressant treatment trials, translating to a significant unmet medical need.
Our Programs
We aim to create breakthroughs in mental health by developing effective, rapid-acting and convenient treatments that could transform patient outcomes. We are committed to leading a new era of mental health treatment – one that not only offers relief from symptoms, but the possibility of an improved quality of life and lasting change.
We have built a diversified pipeline of investigational psychedelic-based neuroplastogens designed to address some of the most urgent unmet needs in mental health. Our programs include:
•
BPL-003: Mebufotenin (5-MeO-DMT) benzoate nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression (“TRD”);
•
VLS-01: Buccal film dimethyltryptamine (“DMT”) for TRD;
•
EMP-01: Oral R-enantiomer of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (“R-MDMA”) for social anxiety disorder (“SAD”); and
•
A drug discovery program to identify novel, non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2AR agonists for TRD and Opioid Use Disorder (“OUD”).
We believe psychedelics are emerging as novel breakthrough therapies for mental health disorders, such as depression, supported by growing scientific evidence, recent regulatory advancements and increasing patient and physician acceptance. Clinical studies have demonstrated the potential safety and efficacy profile of psychedelics, particularly their rapid onset of effect and sustained efficacy after a short course of administration. We believe these programs, which include both novel molecular entities and optimized variants of known compounds, have the potential to address significant unmet needs in mental health treatment.
We are committed to innovation in the mental health space as exemplified by our drug discovery program and its focus on identifying new molecules with psychedelic-like pharmacology but without hallucinogenic potential. In addition to these investments in novel chemical entity ("NCE") discovery, intellectual property development has been a key strategic component since inception.
56
Our Pipeline
Our pipeline includes wholly owned psychedelic-based product candidates across multiple neuropsychiatric indications including depression and anxiety. The table below summarizes the status of our core product candidate portfolio, as of the date of this Quarterly Report.
BPL-003: Intranasal mebufotenin benzoate for TRD
•
BPL-003 granted Breakthrough Therapy designation by the FDA, recognizing the potential of BPL-003 to deliver substantial improvement over existing therapies for patients with TRD.
•
Reported positive topline results from the eight-week OLE phase of the randomized, quadruple-masked, global Phase 2b clinical trial of BPL-003 in patients with TRD demonstrating that a 12 mg dose of BPL-003 administered eight weeks after an initial dose was generally well-tolerated, and produced additional clinically meaningful antidepressant effects, which were sustained for at least two months.
•
Reported positive open-label Phase 2a data demonstrating improved antidepressant effects with a two-dose induction regimen of BPL-003 in patients with TRD
•
Scheduled an End-of-Phase 2 meeting with the FDA to align on clinical trial designs and other aspects of the Phase 3 development program. Anticipate providing guidance on the Phase 3 clinical program in the first quarter 2026 with Phase 3 trial initiation in the second quarter of 2026, pending the outcome of the Agency meeting.
VLS-01: Buccal film DMT for TRD
•
Continued enrollment in the US and expanded clinical sites into Australia and the United Kingdom for Elumina, the Phase 2, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of repeated doses of VLS-01 in patients with TRD.
•
Topline data from Elumina is expected in the second half of 2026.
EMP-01: Oral R-MDMA for SAD
•
Completed patient enrollment in the exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2a study of EMP-01 to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy in approximately 70 adults with SAD.
•
Anticipate topline results from the exploratory Phase 2a study in the first quarter of 2026.
Novel 5-HT2A Receptor Agonists (including the discovery of non-hallucinogenic neuroplastogens)
•
Novel 5-HT2A receptor agonists were discovered that maintain non-hallucinogenic potential based on their inability to fully-substitute for a traditional psychedelic in rodent drug discrimination studies. These differentiated 5-HT2A receptor agonists are being further optimized and studied in a series of animal models to assess therapeutic potential.
•
Awarded a multi-year, milestone-driven grant worth up to $11.4 million by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), to fund the optimization and early-stage development of novel 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonists for opioid use disorder (OUD.
57
Corporate Updates
In August 2025, our board of directors approved a redomiliciation of the Company to Delaware (the “Redomiciliation”). The Redomiciliation is intended to generally improve the Company’s operational and financial flexibility and provide for a more efficient corporate structure to achieve strategic and financial goals. As Dutch law does not facilitate a direct change of legal domicile of a Dutch public limited liability company (such as us) to a jurisdiction outside the European Economic Area, the Redomiciliation is anticipated to be effected through a series of transactions occurring in a specific sequence and as a consequence of which, among other things (i) the Company and a newly formed Luxembourg entity (“ATAI LuxCo”) would enter into a cross-border merger, as a result of which the Company would cease to exist and all assets and liabilities of the Company would be transferred to ATAI LuxCo (the “LuxCo Merger”), and (ii) ATAI LuxCo would redomesticate in Delaware, as permitted under Luxembourg law. In November 2025, our shareholders approved the LuxCo Merger and related matters, which was a necessary condition to effecting the Redomiciliation. The Redomiciliation is expected around year-end 2025.
In February 2024 and March 2025, we conducted a reduction in force of approximately 10% and 25%, respectively, of our global workforce aligning with our current business model. Refer to Note 23 in the Notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 for further information.
Recognify Life Sciences Strategic Investment
We have a strategic investment in Recognify Life Sciences, Inc. (“Recognify”), a company developing inidascamine (formerly RL-007), an investigational pro-cognitive neuromodulator for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (“CIAS”). We hold a 51.9% ownership percentage in Recognify, and have consolidated this subsidiary into our consolidated financial statements with the noncontrolling interest reflected in our consolidated balance sheets and the portion of net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests reflected in our consolidated statements of operations.
Nualtis Corp. Acquisition
In October 2024, we acquired IntelGenx Corp. (“IGX”), a subsidiary of IntelGenx Technologies Corp. (“IntelGenx”), a drug delivery company focused on the development and manufacturing of novel oral thin film products for the pharmaceutical market and for our development candidate, VLS-01. In June 2025, IGX rebranded into Nualtis Corp. as part of the subsidiary's transformation and long-term strategic vision.
58
Factors and Trends Affecting our Results of Operations
We believe that the most significant factors affecting our results of operations include:
Research and Development Expenses
Our ability to successfully develop innovative product candidates through our programs will be the primary factor affecting our future growth. Our approach to the discovery and development of our product candidates is still being demonstrated. As such, we do not know whether we will be able to successfully develop any of our product candidates. Developing novel product candidates requires a significant investment of resources over a prolonged period of time, and a core part of our strategy is to continue making sustained investments in this area. We have chosen to leverage our platform to initially focus on advancing our product candidates in the area of mental health.
All of our product candidates are still in development stages, and we have incurred and will continue to incur significant research and development costs for preclinical studies and clinical trials. We expect that our research and development expenses will constitute the most substantial part of our expenses in future periods in line with the advancement and expansion of the development of our product candidates.
Acquisitions/Investments
To continue to grow our business and to aid in the development of our various product candidates, we are strategically acquiring and investing in companies that share our common goal towards advancing transformative treatments, including psychedelic compounds, for patients that suffer from mental health disorders. We expect that expenses will increase in the near-term in connection with the strategic combination with Beckley Psytech and related integration process, and may remain a meaningful part of our expenses in future periods as we continue to pursue strategic opportunities.
59
Components of Our Results of Operations
License revenue
On March 11, 2021, we entered into a license and collaboration agreement (the “Otsuka Agreement”), with Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., LTD (“Otsuka”). In January 2025, Otsuka provided a notice of termination pursuant to the Otsuka Agreement, effective April 2025. We did not recognize any revenue pursuant to the Otsuka Agreement in 2025, and, effective as of the termination date, we will no longer be eligible to receive any milestone payments or royalties.
As a full service contract development and manufacturing organization, Nualtis offers services that include pharmaceutical research and development and the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products by leveraging its proprietary drug delivery technologies. Nualtis recognizes license and research and development revenue from the use of its proprietary drug delivery technologies in its customers' products.
We do not expect to generate any revenue from the sale of our core psychedelic product candidates or non-psychedelic product candidates unless and until such time that these product candidates have advanced through clinical development and regulatory approval, if ever. We expect that any revenue we generate, if at all, will fluctuate from year-to-year as a result of the timing and amount of payments relating to such services and milestones and the extent to which any of our products are approved and successfully commercialized. Our ability to generate future revenues will also depend on our ability to complete preclinical and clinical development of product candidates or obtain regulatory approval for them.
Research and development services revenue
Nualtis recognizes revenue from various research and development agreements. In these agreements, Nualtis is responsible for performing research and development services for customers interested in leveraging Nualtis's novel oral thin film technology for drug delivery. Many of these agreements provide Nualtis either the option or the right to serve as the sole manufacturer of these drugs upon regulatory approval.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for our research activities, including our discovery efforts and the development of our product candidates, which include:
•
employee-related expenses, including salaries, related benefits, and stock-based compensation, for employees engaged in research and development functions;
•
expenses incurred in connection with the preclinical and clinical development of our product candidates, including our agreements with third parties, such as consultants and contract research organizations (“CROs”);
•
expenses incurred under agreements with consultants who supplement our internal capabilities;
•
the cost of laboratory supplies and acquiring, developing, and manufacturing preclinical study materials and clinical trial materials;
•
costs related to compliance with regulatory requirements; and
•
payments made in connection with third-party licensing agreements.
Research and development costs, including costs reimbursed under the Otsuka Agreement, are expensed as incurred, with reimbursements of such amounts being recognized as revenue. We account for non-refundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities as expenses when the service has been performed or when the goods have been received.
Our direct research and development expenses are tracked on a program-by-program basis for our product candidates and consist primarily of external costs, such as fees paid to outside consultants, CROs, contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”) and research laboratories in connection with our preclinical development, process development, manufacturing and clinical development activities. Our direct research and development expenses by program also include fees incurred under third-party license agreements.
Certain internal research and development expenses consisting of employee and contractor-related costs are not allocated to specific product candidate programs because these costs are deployed across multiple product candidate programs under research and development expense.
Research and development activities are central to our business model. Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally have higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials. We expect that our research and development expenses will continue to increase for the foreseeable future in connection with our planned preclinical and clinical development activities in the near term and in the future.
The successful development of our product candidates is highly uncertain. As such, at this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, timing and estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the remainder of the development of these product candidates. We are also unable to predict when, if ever, material net cash inflows will commence from our product candidates. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing products, including the uncertainty of whether (i) any clinical trials will be
60
conducted or progress as planned or completed on schedule, if at all, (ii) we obtain regulatory approval for our product candidates and (iii) we successfully commercialize product candidates.
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, including salaries, related benefits and stock-based compensation, for personnel in our executive, finance, corporate and business development and administrative functions, professional fees for legal, patent, accounting, auditing, tax and consulting services, travel expenses, facility-related expenses, and information technology-related expenses.
Other expense, net
Interest income
Interest income consists of interest earned on cash balances held in interest-bearing accounts and our unsecured promissory note to Beckley Psytech. We expect that our interest income will fluctuate based on the timing and ability to raise additional funds as well as the amount of expenditures for the research and development of our product candidates and ongoing business operations.
Interest expense
Interest expense consists primarily of interest expense incurred in connection with our 2022 Term Loan Facility (as defined below), which was terminated in May 2025.
Benefit from research and development tax credit
Benefit from research and development tax credit consists of tax credits received in Australia under the Research and Development Tax Incentive (“RDTI”) program and research and development tax credits received in Canada following our acquisition of Nualtis. Qualifying expenditures include employment costs for research staff, consumables, and relevant, permitted CRO costs incurred as part of research projects.
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net:
The Company carries various assets and liabilities at fair value and subsequent remeasurements are recorded as a Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net as a component of Other income (expense), net. Assets held at fair value include securities held at fair value, investments held at fair value, and convertible notes receivable. Liabilities held at fair value include contingent considerations, convertible promissory notes, derivative liability, and Pre-funded warrant liabilities.
Change in fair value of securities carried at fair value
Change in fair value of securities consists of changes in fair value of our available for sale securities for which we have elected the fair value option.
Change in fair value of short-term notes receivable - related party, net
Change in fair value of short-term notes receivable - related party consisted of subsequent remeasurements of our convertible notes receivable with IntelGenx, for which we elected the fair value option, prior to the completion of our acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible notes receivable - related party
Change in fair value of short-term convertible notes receivable - related party consisted of subsequent remeasurements of our convertible notes receivable with IntelGenx, for which we elected the fair value option, prior to the completion of our acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024.
Change in fair value of other investments held at fair value
Change in fair value of other investment held at fair value consists of subsequent remeasurements of our investments held at fair value, including COMPASS Pathways plc (“COMPASS”) and IntelGenx prior to the completion of our acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024, for which we have elected the fair value option, as well as additional contingent warrants held with Beckley Psytech.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability consists of subsequent remeasurements of certain convertible notes issued in 2020.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability - related party
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes and derivative liability consists of subsequent remeasurements of certain convertible notes issued in 2020 to a related party.
61
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability - related party
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability - related party consists of subsequent remeasurements of our contingent consideration liability related to our acquisition of Perception Neuroscience Holdings, Inc. (“Perception”) for which we record at fair value.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liabilities
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liabilities consists of subsequent remeasurements of our contingent consideration liabilities related to our acquisitions of DemeRx IB, Inc. (“DemeRx IB”) and TryptageniX, Inc. (“TryptageniX”) for which we record at fair value.
Change in fair value of subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment
Change in fair value of subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment consisted of subsequent remeasurements of our liability for the remaining balance of the credit facility between the Company and Nualtis (the “DIP Loan”) for which we have elected the fair value option, prior to the completion of our acquisition of Nualtis in October 2024.
Change in fair value of pre-funded warrant liabilities
Change in fair value of pre-funded warrant liabilities consists of subsequent remeasurements of our pre-funded warrants pursuant to the June and July 2025 PIPE Financings (defined below) for which we record at fair value.
Gain on other investments
Gain on other investments consists of a gain recognized on our additional investment in Beckley Psytech upon the issuance of deferred shares pursuant to the Escrow Agreement.
Change in fair value of digital assets, net
Change in fair value of digital assets, net consists of the subsequent remeasurement of our Bitcoin holding, as Bitcoin is measured at fair value based on quoted prices on active exchanges pursuant to ASC 350-60.
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Loss on extinguishment of debt represents the difference between the net carrying amount and the redemption amount related to our early repayment of all outstanding obligations under our 2022 Term Loan Facility pursuant to ASC 405-20.
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net consists of the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on our foreign exchange denominated assets and liabilities, relative to the U.S. dollar. The impact of foreign currency exchange rates on our results of operations fluctuates period over period based on our foreign currency exposures resulting from changes in applicable exchange rates associated with our foreign denominated assets and liabilities.
Other expense, net
Other expense, net consists principally of the issuance costs allocated to warrant liabilities, changes in the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, and net gains (losses) recognized on the sale of certain of our assets.
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
For our consolidated entities, deferred income taxes are provided for the effects of temporary differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting purposes and the amounts recognized for income tax purposes. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.
We regularly assess the need to record a valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets if, based upon the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, we maintain a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets for all entities as of September 30, 2025. In assessing the realizability on deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more-likely-than-not that some or all of deferred tax assets will not be realized. The future realization of deferred tax assets is subject to the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (e.g., ordinary income or capital gain) as provided under the carryforward provisions of local tax law.
We consider the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities (including the effect in available carryback and carryforward periods), future projected taxable income, including the character and jurisdiction of such income, and tax-planning strategies in making this assessment.
Unrecognized tax benefits arise when the estimated benefit recorded in the financial statements differs from the amounts taken or expected to be taken in a tax return because of the considerations described above. As of September 30, 2025, we had no additional unrecognized tax benefits.
62
Losses from Investments in Equity Method Investees, Net of Tax
Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax consists of our share of equity method investees losses on the basis of our equity ownership percentage.
Net Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests consists of the portion of net loss that is allocated to the noncontrolling interests of certain consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”). Net losses in consolidated VIEs are attributed to noncontrolling interests considering the liquidation preferences of the different classes of equity held by the shareholders in the VIE and their respective interests in the net assets of the consolidated VIE in the event of liquidation, and their pro rata ownership. Changes in the amount of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests are directly impacted by changes in the net loss of our VIEs and our ownership percentage changes.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)
For the three months ended September 30,
2025
2024
$ Change
% Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
License revenue
$
—
$
40
$
(40
)
(100
%)
Research and development services revenue
749
—
749
100
%
Total revenue
$
749
$
40
$
709
1773
%
Operating expenses:
Research and development
14,680
12,377
2,303
19
%
General and administrative
14,505
10,265
4,240
41
%
Total operating expenses
29,185
22,642
6,543
29
%
Loss from operations
(28,436
)
(22,602
)
(5,834
)
26
%
Other expense, net:
Interest income
504
160
344
215
%
Interest expense
—
(783
)
783
(100
%)
Benefit from research and development tax credit
29
31
(2
)
(6
%)
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net
(32,598
)
(1,964
)
(30,634
)
1560
%
Change in fair value of digital assets, net
199
—
199
100
%
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net
(15
)
770
(785
)
(102
%)
Other expense, net
(650
)
(2,075
)
1,425
(69
%)
Total other expense, net
(32,531
)
(3,861
)
(28,670
)
743
%
Net loss before income taxes
(60,967
)
(26,463
)
(34,504
)
130
%
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
(131
)
178
(309
)
(174
%)
Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax
—
(26
)
26
(100
%)
Net loss
$
(61,098
)
$
(26,311
)
$
(34,787
)
132
%
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(24
)
(25
)
1
(4
%)
Net loss attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. stockholders
$
(61,074
)
$
(26,286
)
$
(34,788
)
132
%
License Revenue
We did not recognize any license revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025. We recognized an immaterial amount in license revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 related to the Otsuka Agreement.
Research and Development Services Revenue
We recognized $0.7 million in research and development services revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 related to certain research and development services performed by Nualtis for its customers. We did not recognize any research and development services revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
63
Research and Development Expenses
The table and discussion below present research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:
For the three months ended September 30,
2025
2024
$ Change
% Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
Direct research and development expenses by program:
Core Psychedelic Programs
VLS-01
$
3,878
$
1,582
$
2,296
145
%
EMP-01
3,277
355
2,922
823
%
Discovery
480
794
(314
)
(40
%)
Non-Psychedelic Program
RL-007
580
3,852
(3,272
)
(85
%)
Other Programs
474
1,415
(941
)
(67
%)
Enabling Technologies and Drug Discovery Platforms
—
7
(7
)
(100
%)
Unallocated research and development expenses:
Personnel expenses
3,386
4,148
(762
)
(18
%)
Professional and consulting services
5
93
(88
)
(95
%)
Other
2,505
131
2,374
1812
%
Depreciation
94
—
94
100
%
Total research and development expenses
$
14,680
$
12,377
$
2,303
19
%
Research and development expenses were $14.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $12.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase of $2.3 million was primarily attributable to a $2.2 million increase due to the Psilera milestone payment, as well as $0.2 million increase in facility related costs following our acquisition of Nualtis, $0.7 million increase in direct costs for our Core Psychedelic Programs, Non-Psychedelic Programs, and Other Programs as discussed below, and a $0.1 million increase in depreciation expense. The increase was partially offset by a $0.8 million decrease in personnel expenses (inclusive of a $0.8 million decrease in stock based compensation) and a $0.1 million decrease in professional and consulting services.
Core Psychedelic Programs
VLS-01: DMT for TRD
The $2.3 million net increase in direct costs for our VLS-01 program was primarily due to a $1.8 million increase in clinical development and related costs for our Elumina trial, the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 clinical trial of VLS-01, a $0.5 million increase in related manufacturing costs.
EMP-01: R-MDMA for SAD
The $2.9 million increase in direct costs for our EMP-01 program was primarily due to a $2.7 million net increase in clinical development costs relating to our exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study in the United Kingdom to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of EMP-01, as well as $0.3 million of increased manufacturing costs. The increase was partially offset by a decrease of $0.1 million related to preclinical costs.
Discovery (Non-Hallucinogenic)
The $0.3 million decrease in discovery costs was primarily due to a $0.3 million decrease in preclinical development costs related to our novel 5-HT2A receptor agonists.
Non-psychedelic Program
RL-007: Pro-Cognitive Neuromodulator for Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia
The $3.3 million decrease in direct costs for our RL-007 program was primarily due to a decrease of $3.1 million in clinical development costs relating to our Phase 2b clinical trial for RL-007 in CIAS, a decrease of $0.1 million in manufacturing costs, and a $0.1 million decrease in preclinical costs.
Other Programs
The $0.9 million decrease in our other programs primarily relates to a $1.0 million decrease in IBX-210 costs and a $0.1 million decrease in EGX-121 costs. These costs were partially offset by a $0.2 million increase as a result of research and development costs incurred by Nualtis.
64
Enabling Technologies and Drug Discovery Platforms
Enabling Technologies and Drug Discovery Platforms had an immaterial amount of direct costs for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were $14.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $10.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The $4.2 million increase was largely attributable to a $4.5 million increase in legal and professional service expenses primarily in connection with the Beckley Psytech strategic combination and our pending Redomiciliation and a $0.1 million increase in depreciation expense. This increase was partially offset by a $0.4 million decrease in personnel costs (inclusive of a $1.0 million decrease in stock-based compensation).
Other expense, net
Interest income
Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 primarily consisted of interest earned on our cash balances and unsecured promissory note to Beckley Psytech. Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily consisted of interest earned on our cash balances. We recognized interest income of $0.5 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Interest expense
There was no interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily consisted of interest expense incurred in connection with our 2022 Term Loan Facility. Interest expense decreased $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024 as the 2022 Term Loan Facility was extinguished in May 2025.
Benefit from research and development tax credit
We recognized a research and development tax credit from the Canadian Tax Authorities as an immaterial benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2025. We recognized an immaterial amount of research and development tax credit from the Australian Tax Authorities for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net:
Change in Fair Value of Securities carried at Fair Value
Changes in fair value of securities consists of changes in the fair value of our available for sale securities for which we have elected the fair value option. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized a gain of $0.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively, relating to the change in fair value of securities.
Change in fair value of short-term notes receivable - related party, net
Changes in fair value of short-term notes receivable - related party, net, including interest, consisted of subsequent remeasurement of our short-term notes receivable with IntelGenx, prior to the completion of our acquisition, for which we have elected the fair value option. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized no change in fair value and an immaterial loss, respectively, related to the change in the fair value. See Note 7 in the Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for further information.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible notes receivable - related party
Changes in fair value of convertible notes receivable - related party, including interest, consisted of subsequent remeasurement of our convertible notes receivable with IntelGenx, prior to the completion of our acquisition, for which we have elected the fair value option. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized no change in fair value and a $8.0 million loss related to the change in fair value. See Note 7 in the Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for further information.
Change in fair value of other investments held at fair value
Changes in fair value of other investments held at fair value consists of subsequent remeasurement of our investments held at fair value, including our American Depository Shares (“ADS”) holdings in COMPASS, IntelGenx related investments, prior to the completion of our acquisition, and additional contingent warrants issued by Beckley Psytech. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a $17.6 million gain related to our ADS holdings in COMPASS Pathways plc and a no change in fair value related to additional contingent warrants issued by Beckley Psytech. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized a $3.9 million gain related to our ADS holding in COMPASS Pathways plc and a $0.1 million loss related to our investment in Beckley Psytech.
65
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes
In December 2023, a noteholder exchanged the 2020 convertible notes issued by ATAI Life Sciences AG (the “2020 Convertible Notes”) for notes issued by ATAI Life Sciences NV, which are convertible into common shares of the Company (“New NV Notes”). As noted in Note 14 above, in September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into a total of 6,185,904 common shares of ATAI Life Sciences N.V. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized a $9.7 million loss and a $0.6 million gain, respectively, due to a change in the fair value of the conversion option of the New NV Notes immediately prior to conversion.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes - related party
In April 2024, a related party noteholder exchanged their 2020 Convertible Notes for New NV Notes. As noted in Note 14 above, in September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into a total of 6,185,904 common shares of ATAI Life Sciences N.V. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized a $7.3 million loss and a $0.3 million gain, respectively, due to a change in the fair value of the conversion option of the New NV Notes immediately prior to conversion.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability—related parties
The milestone and royalty payments in relation to the acquisition of Perception were recorded at the acquisition date, and are subsequently remeasured to fair value. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized an no change in fair value and a $0.1 million loss, respectively, related to the Perception contingent consideration.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability
In October 2023, we acquired shares of the noncontrolling interest of DemeRx IB making DemeRx IB a wholly owned subsidiary. An earn-out of up to $8.0 million was part of the consideration and was recognized at fair value at the transaction date and subsequently remeasured at fair value. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized no change in fair value and an immaterial change in fair value, respectively, related to the DemeRx IB contingent consideration.
In December 2023, we disposed of our equity interest in TryptageniX, but retained the contingent consideration liability, which is subsequently remeasured to fair value. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized no change in fair value related to the TryptageniX contingent consideration.
Change in fair value of subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment
Change in fair value of subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment consisted of subsequent remeasurements of our liability for the remaining balance of the DIP Loan for which we have elected the fair value option, prior to the completion of our acquisition. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 we recognized $0.5 million gain related to the change in the fair value.
Change in fair value of pre-funded warrant liabilities
Change in fair value of pre-funded warrant liabilities consists of subsequent remeasurements of our pre-funded warrants issued pursuant to the June and July 2025 PIPE Financings, which we record at fair value. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 we recognized a $33.7 million loss related to the increase in fair value of the warrants issued. We did not recognize any change in fair value for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Change in fair value of digital assets, net
Change in fair value of digital assets, net consists of the subsequent remeasurement of our Bitcoin holding, as Bitcoin is measured at fair value based on quoted prices on active exchanges pursuant to ASC 350-60. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a $0.2 million gain related to the change in fair value. We did not recognize any change in fair value for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net
We recorded an immaterial loss related to foreign currency exchange rates for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and a $0.8 million gain of related to foreign currency exchange rates for the three months ended September 30, 2024. This was due to the impact of fluctuations in the foreign currency exchange rate between the Euro, Canadian Dollar, and Australian Dollar and the U.S. dollar on our foreign denominated balances.
Other expense, net
Other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $0.7 million, which is related to offering costs and commissions allocated to the pre-funded warrant liabilities issued pursuant to the July 2025 PIPE Financing. Other expense for three months ended September 30, 2024 was $2.1 million, which was related to the non-cash loss of on the sale of ADS holdings in COMPASS during the period.
66
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
We incurred $0.1 million provision for and $0.2 million benefit from income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our current income tax expense relates to tax expense of subsidiaries in the United States, Germany, Canada and the United Kingdom.
Losses from Investments in Equity Method Investees
We did not recognize any losses from investment in equity method investees for the three months ended September 30, 2025. We recognized an immaterial amount of losses from investment in equity method investees for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Losses from investment in equity method investees represents our share of equity method investee losses on the basis of our equity ownership percentages or based on our proportionate share of the respective class of securities in our other investments in the event that the carrying amount of our equity method investments was zero.
Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
$ Change
% Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
License revenue
$
202
$
313
$
(111
)
(35
%)
Research and development services revenue
2,821
—
2,821
100
%
Total revenue
$
3,023
$
313
$
2,710
866
%
Operating expenses:
Research and development
37,100
36,513
587
2
%
General and administrative
40,002
36,226
3,776
10
%
Total operating expenses
77,102
72,739
4,363
6
%
Loss from operations
(74,079
)
(72,426
)
(1,653
)
2
%
Other expense, net:
Interest income
938
585
353
60
%
Interest expense
(1,164
)
(2,172
)
1,008
(46
%)
Benefit from research and development tax credit
85
617
(532
)
(86
%)
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net
(45,100
)
(33,764
)
(11,336
)
34
%
Gain on other investments
3,794
—
3,794
100
%
Change in fair value of digital assets, net
1,415
—
1,415
100
%
Loss on extinguishment of debt
(1,317
)
—
(1,317
)
100
%
Foreign exchange gain, net
1,901
676
1,225
181
%
Other expense, net
(1,402
)
(2,737
)
1,335
(49
%)
Total other expense, net
(40,850
)
(36,795
)
(4,055
)
11
%
Net loss before income taxes
(114,929
)
(109,221
)
(5,708
)
5
%
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
(380
)
163
(543
)
(333
%)
Losses from investments in equity method investees, net of tax
—
(2,000
)
2,000
(100
%)
Net loss
$
(115,309
)
$
(111,058
)
$
(4,251
)
4
%
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(75
)
(747
)
672
(90
%)
Net loss attributable to Atai Beckley N.V. stockholders
$
(115,234
)
$
(110,311
)
$
(4,923
)
4
%
License Revenue
We recognized $0.2 million and $0.3 million in license revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The revenue recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 is related to Nualtis's license agreement with Rizafilm LLC. The revenue recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is related to our license agreement with Otsuka.
Research and Development Services Revenue
We recognized $2.8 million in research and development services revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 related to certain research and development services performed by Nualtis for its customers. We did not recognize any research and development services revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
67
Research and Development Expenses
The table and discussion below present research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:
For the nine months ended September 30,
2025
2024
$ Change
% Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
Direct research and development expenses by program:
Core Psychedelic Programs
VLS-01
$
9,690
$
6,363
$
3,328
52
%
EMP-01
5,414
622
4,791
770
%
Discovery
1,245
1,648
(403
)
(24
%)
Non-Psychedelic Program
RL-007
4,822
8,057
(3,235
)
(40
%)
Other Programs
1,951
4,249
(2,298
)
(54
%)
Enabling Technologies and Drug Discovery Platforms
49
145
(96
)
(66
%)
Unallocated research and development expenses:
Personnel expenses
9,792
14,340
(4,548
)
(32
%)
Professional and consulting services
220
765
(545
)
(71
%)
Other
3,704
324
3,380
1043
%
Depreciation
213
—
213
100
%
Total research and development expenses
$
37,100
$
36,513
$
587
2
%
Research and development expenses were $37.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $36.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase of $0.6 million was primarily attributable to a $3.0 million increase related to the Psilera agreement, as well as $0.4 million in facility related costs following our acquisition of Nualtis, a $2.1 million increase in direct costs for our Core Psychedelic Programs, Non-Psychedelic Programs, and Other Programs as discussed below, and a $0.2 million increase in depreciation expense. The increase was partially offset by a $4.5 million decrease in personnel expenses (inclusive of a $3.7 million decrease in stock based compensation and a $0.1 million increase in restructuring costs), a $0.5 million decrease in professional services costs, and a $0.1 million decrease in Enabling Technologies and Drug Discovery Platforms as discussed below.
Core Psychedelic Programs
VLS-01: DMT for TRD
The $3.3 million net increase in direct costs for our VLS-01 program was primarily due to a $ 3.7 million net increase in clinical development costs related to our Elumina trial, the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 clinical trial of VLS-01, as compared to costs incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily for our Phase 1b trial of VLS-01 designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, tolerability, PK and PD of VLS-01 delivered using our proprietary buccal formulation, as well as $1.6 million in increased manufacturing costs. These increases were partially offset by a $2.0 million decrease in preclinical development costs that were incurred to support our now ongoing Elumina trial.
EMP-01: R-MDMA for SAD
The $4.8 million increase in direct costs for our EMP-01 program was primarily due to a $4.3 million net increase in clinical development costs relating to our exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study in the United Kingdom to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of EMP-01, as well as $0.5 million of increased manufacturing costs.
Discovery (Non-Hallucinogenic)
The $0.4 million decrease in discovery costs was primarily due to a $0.4 million decrease in preclinical development costs related to our novel 5-HT2A receptor agonists.
Non-psychedelic Program
RL-007: Pro-Cognitive Neuromodulator for Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia
The direct costs for RL-007 decreased by $3.2 million primarily due to a $3.0 million decrease in clinical development costs relating to our Phase 2b clinical trial for RL-007 in CIAS, a $0.1 million decrease in preclinical costs, and a $0.1 million decrease in manufacturing costs.
68
Other Programs
The $2.3 million decrease in our other programs primarily relates to a $2.5 million decrease in IBX-210 and DMX-1002 costs, a $0.4 million decrease in PCN-101 costs, and a $0.4 million decrease in EGX-121 costs. These costs were partially offset by a $1.0 million increase as a result of research and development costs incurred by Nualtis.
Enabling Technologies and Drug Discovery Platforms
The $0.1 million decrease in our enabling technologies and drug discovery platforms primarily relates to the wind-down costs of our Invyxis, TryptageniX, InnarisBio, and Psyber programs.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were $40.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $36.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The $3.8 million increase was largely attributable to a $8.7 million increase in legal and professional service expenses primarily in connection with the Beckley Psytech strategic combination and our pending Redomiciliation and a $0.2 million increase in depreciation expense. This increase was partially offset by $4.4 million decrease in personnel costs (inclusive of $3.7 million decrease in stock-based compensation and a $1.1 million decrease in restructuring costs) and a $0.7 million decrease in insurance costs.
Other expense, net
Interest income
Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 primarily consisted of interest earned on our cash balances and unsecured promissory note to Beckley Psytech. Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily consisted of interest earned on our cash balances We recognized interest income of $1.0 million and $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Interest expense
Interest expense for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 primarily consisted of interest expense incurred in connection with our 2022 Term Loan Facility. Interest expense decreased $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as the 2022 Term Loan Facility was extinguished in May 2025.
Benefit from research and development tax credit
We recognized a research and development tax credit from the Canadian Tax Authorities of $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. We recognized a research and development tax credit from the Australian Tax Authorities as a benefit of $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net:
Change in Fair Value of Securities carried at Fair Value
Changes in fair value of securities consists of changes in the fair value of our available for sale securities for which we have elected the fair value option. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized a gain of $1.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively, relating to the change in fair value of securities.
Change in fair value of short-term notes receivable - related party, net
Changes in fair value of short-term notes receivable - related party, net, including interest, consisted of subsequent remeasurement of our short-term notes receivable with IntelGenx, prior to the completion of our acquisition, for which we have elected the fair value option. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized no change in fair value and a $0.5 million loss, respectively, related to the change in the fair value. See Note 7 in the Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for further information.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible notes receivable - related party
Changes in fair value of convertible notes receivable - related party, including interest, consisted of subsequent remeasurement of our convertible notes receivable with IntelGenx, prior to the completion of our acquisition, for which we have elected the fair value option. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized no change in fair value and a $13.2 million loss, respectively, related to the change in the fair value. See Note 7 in the Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for further information.
Change in fair value of other investments held at fair value
Changes in fair value of other investments held at fair value consists of subsequent remeasurement of our investments held at fair value, including our ADS holdings in COMPASS, IntelGenx related investments, prior to the completion of our acquisition, and additional contingent warrants issued by Beckley Psytech. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a $12.2 million gain
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related to our ADS holdings in COMPASS Pathways plc and a $2.8 million loss related to additional contingent warrants issued by Beckley Psytech. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized a $22.0 million loss related to our holding in COMPASS Pathways plc, a $6.5 million loss related to our investments in IntelGenx Technologies Corp, and a $0.6 million gain related to our investment in Beckley Psytech.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes
In December 2023, a noteholder exchanged their 2020 Convertible Notes for New NV Notes. As noted in Note 14 above, in September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into a total of 6,185,904 common shares of ATAI Life Sciences N.V. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized a $11.7 million loss and a $1.2 million gain, respectively, due to a change in the fair value of the conversion option of the notes issued by ATAI Life Sciences NV.
Change in fair value of short-term convertible promissory notes - related party
In April 2024, a related party noteholder exchanged their 2020 Convertible Notes for New NV Notes. As noted in Note 14 above, in September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into a total of 6,185,904 common shares of ATAI Life Sciences N.V. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized a $8.6 million loss and a $2.8 million gain, respectively, due to a change in the fair value of the conversion option of the notes issued by ATAI Life Sciences NV.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability—related parties
The milestone and royalty payments in relation to the acquisition of Perception were recorded at the acquisition date, and are subsequently remeasured to fair value. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized an no change in fair value and an immaterial change in fair value related to the Perception contingent consideration.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability
In October 2023, we acquired shares of the noncontrolling interest of DemeRx IB making DemeRx IB a wholly owned subsidiary. An earn-out of up to $8.0 million was part of the consideration and was recognized at fair value at the transaction date and subsequently remeasured at fair value. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we recognized no change in fair value and a $0.2 million gain, respectively, related to the DemeRx IB contingent consideration.
In December 2023, we disposed of our equity interest in TryptageniX, but retained the contingent consideration liability, which is subsequently remeasured to fair value. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized no change in fair value and an immaterial change in fair value, respectively, related to the TryptageniX contingent consideration.
Change in fair value of subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment
Change in fair value of subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment consisted of subsequent remeasurements of our liability for the remaining balance of the DIP Loan for which we have elected the fair value option. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 we recognized $0.5 million gain related to the change in the fair value.
Change in fair value of pre-funded warrant liabilities
Change in fair value of pre-funded warrant liabilities consists of subsequent remeasurements of our pre-funded warrants issued pursuant to the June and July 2025 PIPE Financings, which we record at fair value. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 we recognized a $35.9 million loss related to the increase in fair value of the warrants issued. We did not recognize any change in fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Gain on other investments
Gain on other investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 consists of a $3.8 million gain related to our investment in Beckley Psytech which was recognized upon the issuance of the deferred shares pursuant to the Escrow Agreement. There was no gain on other investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2024
Change in fair value of digital assets, net
Change in fair value of digital assets, net consists of the subsequent remeasurement of our Bitcoin holding as Bitcoin is measured at fair value based on quoted prices on active exchanges pursuant to ASC 350-60. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a $1.4 million gain related to the change in fair value. We did not recognize any change in fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Loss on extinguishment of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $1.3 million, which is related to our early repayment of all outstanding obligations under the 2022 Term Loan Facility in May 2025. We did not recognize any loss on extinguishment of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
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Foreign exchange gain, net
We recorded a gain of $1.9 million related to foreign currency exchange rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and a gain of $0.7 million related to foreign currency exchange rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This was due to the impact of fluctuations in the foreign currency exchange rate between the Euro, Canadian Dollar, and Australian Dollar and the U.S. dollar on our foreign denominated balances.
Other expense, net
Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $1.4 million, which is related to $1.3 million of offering costs and commissions allocated to the pre-funded warrant liabilities issued pursuant to the June and July 2025 PIPE Financings and $0.1 million from the disposal of certain fixed assets. Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $2.7 million, which is primarily related to our initial recognition of the IntelGenx subsequent debtor-in-possession loan commitment and non-cash loss on sale of our ADS holdings in COMPASS.
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
We incurred $0.4 million provision for and $0.2 million benefit from income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. Our current income tax expense relates to tax expense of subsidiaries in the United States, Germany, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Losses from Investments in Equity Method Investees
We did not recognize any losses from investment in equity method investees for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 . We recognized $2.0 million of losses from investment in equity method investees for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Losses from investment in equity method investees represents our share of equity method investee losses on the basis of our equity ownership percentages or based on our proportionate share of the respective class of securities in our other investments in the event that the carrying amount of our equity method investments was zero.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we had net losses attributable to our shareholders of $115.2 million and $110.3 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our accumulated deficit was $815.4 million and $700.2 million, respectively. We expect to continue to incur losses and operating cash outflows for the foreseeable future until we are able to commercialize any of our product candidates. Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents, short-term securities investments, and sales of common shares, as further described below. We maintain cash balances with financial institutions in excess of insured limits.
Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are clinical trial costs, manufacturing costs, nonclinical and other research and development costs, funding of strategic investments (including integration process from our strategic combination with Beckley Psytech), public company compliance costs and general corporate needs. Because our product candidates are in various stages of clinical and preclinical development and the outcome of these efforts is uncertain, we cannot estimate the actual amounts necessary to successfully complete the development and commercialization of our product candidates or whether, or when, we may achieve profitability.
Our ability to generate product revenue sufficient to achieve profitability will depend substantially on the successful development and eventual commercialization of product candidates. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and increasing operating losses for at least the next several years. Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenues, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity or debt financings, collaboration arrangements, license agreements, other business development opportunities with third parties and government grants. The Company recognizes revenue from license and research and development arrangements through Nualtis.
Sources of Liquidity
Convertible Promissory Notes
In November 2018 and October 2020, we issued an aggregate principal amount of €1.0 million or $1.2 million (collectively, the “Convertible Notes”). The Convertible Notes are non-interest-bearing and have a maturity date of September 30, 2025, unless previously redeemed, converted, purchased or cancelled. Each note has a face value of €1 and is convertible into one common share of ATAI Life Sciences AG (subsequently converted into ATAI Life Sciences GmbH in April 2025) upon the payment of €17.00. The noteholders have agreed that, subsequent to converting the notes into ATAI Life Sciences AG share, they will exchange the ATAI Life Sciences AG shares for Company shares.
In December 2023 and April 2024, respectively, a noteholder and a related party noteholder each entered into an agreement with us to exchange their respective Convertible Notes for New NV Notes. Each New NV Note has a face value of €1 and is convertible into 16 common shares of the Company upon the payment of €17.00.
In September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all of their respective New NV Notes into 6,185,904 common shares of the Company. Upon conversion, the Company received $7.7 million.
Investments
A significant potential source of non-dilutive funding resides in our investment in COMPASS's ADS, subject to market conditions. Based on quoted market prices, the market value of our ownership in COMPASS was $34.4 million as of September 30, 2025.
Digital Assets
A potential source of non-dilutive funding resides in our investment in digital assets, subject to market conditions. Based on quoted market prices, the market value of our ownership in Bitcoin was $11.4 million as of September 30, 2025.
ATM Program
In November 2022, we entered into an Open Market Sale Agreement
SM
, or sales agreement with Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”), pursuant to which we may issue and sell our common shares from time to time through an “at-the-market” equity offering program under which Jefferies will act as sales agent. Subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement, Jefferies may sell the common shares by any method deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. There have been no sales under the Sales Agreement during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. See Note 15 in the Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for more information.
February 2025 Public Offering
In February 2025, we entered into an underwriting agreement (the “February Underwriting Agreement”) with Berenberg Capital Markets LLC in connection with the issuance and sale by us in a public offering of 26,190,477 of our common shares, at a public offering price of $2.10 per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The common shares were offered pursuant to our registration statement on
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Form S-3 (File No. 333-265970) filed with the SEC on July 1, 2022 and declared effective on July 11, 2022 as well as a prospectus supplement thereto. Under the terms of the February Underwriting Agreement, we granted to the underwriter an option exercisable for 30 days to purchase up to an additional 3,928,571 common shares from us at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. Pursuant to the February Underwriting Agreement, the underwriter exercised the option to purchase an additional 3,928,571 common shares.
The net proceeds from the offering of our common shares were approximately $59.1 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us.
PIPE Financing and Pre-Funded Warrant Subscription Agreements
On June 2, 2025, we entered into the subscription agreements, relating to the purchase (the “June 2025 PIPE Financing”) by the investors party thereto of (i) 9,993,341 common shares with a nominal value of €0.10 per share for a purchase price of $1.84 per share, and (ii) a pre-funded warrant to purchase 6,311,006 common shares with an exercise price of $0.01 (the “June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant”), for a purchase price of $1.84 per common share underlying the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant less the exercise price for the June 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant of $0.01 per share, resulting in aggregate net proceeds to us from the June 2025 PIPE Financing of approximately $28.1 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us. The June 2025 PIPE Financing was completed in June 2025.
On July 1, 2025, we entered into subscription agreements, relating to the purchase (the “July 2025 PIPE Financing”) by the investors party thereto of (i) 18,264,840 common shares with a nominal value of €0.10 per share for a purchase price of $2.19 per share, and (ii) a pre-funded warrant to purchase 4,566,210 common shares with an exercise price of $0.01 (the “July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant”) for a purchase price of $2.19 per common share underlying the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant less the exercise price for the July 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant of $0.01 per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds to us from the July 2025 PIPE Financing of approximately $46.7 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us. The July 2025 PIPE Financing was completed in August 2025.
October 2025 Public
Offering
In October 2025, we entered into an underwriting agreement (the “October Underwriting Agreement”) with Jefferies, as representative of the underwriters, in connection with the issuance and sale by us in a public offering of 23,725,000 of our common shares, at a public offering price of $5.48 per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The common shares were offered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-290592) filed with the SEC on September 29, 2025, which became automatically effective upon filing with the SEC, as well as a prospectus supplement thereto. Under the terms of the October Underwriting Agreement, we granted to the underwriters an option exercisable for 30 days to purchase up to an additional 3,558,750 common shares at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. Pursuant to the October Underwriting Agreement, the underwriters exercised the option to purchase the full amount of the additional 3,558,750 common shares.
The net proceeds from the offering of the common shares were approximately $139.4 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company.
Liquidity Risks
As of September 30, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of $30.4 million and short-term securities of $84.2 million. We believe our cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months following the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and, based on our current operating plan and inclusive of the net proceeds from the October 2025 Public Offering, we currently estimate that our existing cash, cash equivalents, and short-term securities will be sufficient to fund operations into 2029.
We expect to continue to incur substantial additional expenditures in the near term to support our ongoing activities. Additionally, we have incurred and expect to continue to incur additional costs as a result of operating as a public company. We expect to continue to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. Our ability to fund our product development and clinical operations as well as commercialization of our product candidates, will depend on the amount and timing of cash received from planned financings.
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
•
the time and cost necessary to complete ongoing and planned clinical trials;
•
the outcome, timing and cost of meeting regulatory requirements established by the FDA, the EMA and other comparable foreign regulatory authorities;
•
the progress, timing, scope and costs of our preclinical studies, clinical trials and other related activities for our ongoing and planned clinical trials, and potential future clinical trials;
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•
the costs of commercialization activities for any of our product candidates that receive marketing approval, including the costs and timing of establishing product sales, marketing, distribution and manufacturing capabilities, or entering into strategic collaborations with third parties to leverage or access these capabilities;
•
the amount and timing of sales and other revenues from our product candidates, if approved, including the sales price and the availability of coverage and adequate third party reimbursement;
•
the cash requirements for purchasing additional equity from certain atai companies upon the achievement of specified development milestone events;
•
the cash requirements for developing our programs and our ability and willingness to finance their continued development;
•
the cash requirements for strategic transactions, including acquisitions and partnerships and integration process for our strategic combination with Beckley Psytech;
•
the cash requirements for discovering and developing product candidates; and
•
the time and cost necessary to respond to technological and market developments, including other products that may compete with one or more of our product candidates.
A change in the outcome of any of these or other variables with respect to the development of any of our product candidates could significantly change the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. Further, our operating plans may change in the future, and we may need additional funds to meet operational needs and capital requirements associated with such operating plans. If we are unable to obtain this funding when needed and on acceptable terms, we could be forced to delay, limit or terminate our product development efforts.
Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenue, we expect to finance our operations through a combination of equity financings, debt financings, collaborations with other companies and other strategic transactions. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making acquisitions or capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings or other arrangements when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.
Further, our operating plans may change, and we may need additional funds to meet operational needs and capital requirements for clinical trials and other research and development activities. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the development and commercialization of our product candidates, we are unable to estimate the amounts of increased capital outlays and operating expenditures associated with our current and anticipated product development programs.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:
September 30,
2025
2024
(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities
$
(55,196
)
$
(58,142
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(68,783
)
52,612
Net cash provided by financing activities
127,106
5,220
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash
(230
)
239
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
2,897
$
(71
)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $55.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, which consisted of a net loss of $115.3 million, adjusted by non-cash charges and other adjustments of $55.3 million and a net cash inflow of $4.8 million related to the change in operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges primarily consisted of a $46.3 million loss related to the change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net, $9.3 million related to stock-based compensation,
$3.0 million related to our Psilera asset acquisition, $1.4 million related to issuance costs allocated to pre-funded warrant liabilities issued pursuant to the June and July 2025 PIPE Financings, $1.3 million related to non-cash loss on the extinguishment of debt, $0.7 million of depreciation and amortization, $0.4 million of non-cash lease expense, and $0.2 million related to amortization of debt discount. These losses were partially offset by $3.8 million non-cash gain related to other investments, $2.0 million non-cash gain related to unrealized foreign exchange revaluation, and $1.4 million non-cash gain related to the change in fair value of digital assets. The net cash inflow of $4.8 million from the change in operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to a $2.6 million increase in accounts payable, a $1.9 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, and a $0.3 million increase in accrued liabilities.
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Net cash used in operating activities was $58.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, which consisted of a net loss of $111.1 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $58.1 million and a net cash outflow of $5.2 million related to the change in operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges primarily consisted $36.0 million loss related to the change in fair value of assets and liabilities, net, $17.1 million of stock-based compensation, $2.0 million of losses from our equity method investments, $1.0 million in other expenses, $0.2 million in depreciation and amortization expense, $0.3 million amortization of debt discount, and $0.2 million change in right-of-use asset, partially offset by a $0.8 million unrealized foreign exchange gain. The net cash outflows from the change in operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to a $3.8 million decrease in accrued liabilities and a $0.3 million decrease in accounts payable, partially offset by a $1.6 million increase in prepaid expenses.
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $68.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily driven by $38.9 million of cash paid for securities carried at fair value, $10.0 million of cash paid for our investment in Beckley Psytech, $10.0 million of cash paid for the Beckley Psytech promissory note, $10.0 million of cash paid for the acquisition of digital assets, $3.0 million of cash paid for Psilera asset acquisition, and $0.8 million of cash paid for property and equipment. These were partially offset by $3.9 million of proceeds from the sale of our COMPASS Pathways plc.
Net cash provided by investing activities was $52.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily driven by $54.3 million of proceeds from the sale and maturities of securities carried at fair value and $16.1 million of proceeds from the sale of other investment held at fair value, partially offset by $10.0 million cash paid for investments, $2.0 million of cash paid for short term convertible notes receivable and warrant – related party, and $5.7 million of cash paid for short term notes receivable – related parties, net.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $127.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily driven by the $118.2 million of net cash proceeds from the issuance of common stock related to our February 2025 equity offering, June 2025 PIPE Financing, and July 2025 PIPE Financing, $21.5 million of proceeds from the issuance of pre-funded warrants related to the June 2025 PIPE Financing and July 2025 PIPE Financing, $7.7 million of proceeds from the conversion of convertible notes into common shares, and $7.1 million in proceeds from stock option exercises. These were offset by $21.8 million paid for the extinguishment of our 2022 Term Loan Facility and $5.7 million paid for common stock and pre-funded warrant issuance costs related to our February 2025 equity offering, June 2025 PIPE Financing, and July 2025 PIPE Financing.
Net cash provided by finance activities was $5.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, due to $5.0 million of proceeds from debt financing and $0.4 million of proceeds from stock option exercises, partially offset by $0.2 million of financing costs paid.
Indebtedness
Convertible Notes
In November 2018, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $0.2 million of 2018 convertible notes (“2018 Convertible Notes”). In October 2020, we issued an additional principal amount of $1.0 million of 2018 Convertible Notes and 2020 Convertible Notes. The 2018 Convertible Notes and 2020 Convertible Notes are non-interest-bearing and have a maturity date of September 30, 2025, unless previously redeemed, converted, purchased or cancelled. Each note has a face value of €1 and is convertible into one common share of ATAI Life Sciences AG upon the payment of €17.00. Conversion rights may be exercised by a noteholder at any time prior to maturity, except during certain periods subsequent to the consummation of the IPO.
In December 2023 and April 2024, respectively, a noteholder and a related party noteholder each entered into an agreement with us to exchange their respective 2018 and 2020 Convertible Notes for New NV Notes. Each New NV Note has a face value of €1 and is convertible into 16 common shares of the Company upon the payment of €17.00. Conversion rights may be exercised by a noteholder at any time prior to maturity.
In September 2025, the noteholder and related party noteholder each exercised the conversion feature of the New NV Notes and converted all their respective New NV Notes into 6,185,904 common shares of ATAI Life Sciences N.V. Upon conversion, the Company received $7.7 million.
Hercules Term Loan
In August 2022, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (as amended, the “Hercules Loan Agreement”) with Hercules Capital, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Hercules”), The Hercules Loan Agreement provided for term loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $175.0 million under multiple tranches (collectively, the “2022 Term Loan Facility”).
The 2022 Term Loan Facility was scheduled to mature on August 1, 2026 (the “Maturity Date”), subject to extension under certain conditions. The outstanding principal balance of the 2022 Term Loan Facility bore interest at a floating interest rate per annum equal to the greater of either (i) the prime rate as reported in the Wall Street Journal plus 4.30% and (ii) 9.05%; provided, that if certain conditions were satisfied, the rate of interest in the foregoing clause (i) would be prime rate as reported in The Wall Street Journal plus 4.05%. Accrued
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interest was payable monthly following the funding of each term loan advance. The Company was entitled to make interest only payments, without any loan amortization payments, until September 1, 2025, subject to extension under certain conditions.
The Hercules Loan Agreement contained customary closing and commitment fees, prepayment fees and provisions, events of default and representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant requiring us to maintain certain levels of cash in accounts subject to a control agreement in favor of the Agent (the “Qualified Cash”) at all times commencing from August 2022, which included a cap on the amount of cash that can be held by, among others, certain of our foreign subsidiaries in Australia and the United Kingdom. In addition, the financial covenant under the Hercules Loan Agreement required, beginning on October 1, 2024, that we maintain Qualified Cash in an amount no less than the sum of (1) 50% of the outstanding amount under the 2022 Term Loan Facility, and (2) the amount of our and our Subsidiary Guarantors’ accounts payable that had not been paid within 180 days from the invoice date of the relevant account payable, subject to certain exceptions; provided, upon the occurrence of certain conditions, we were required to at all times maintain Qualified cash in an amount no less than the sum of (1) 70% of the outstanding amount under the 2022 Term Loan Facility, and (2) the amount of our and our Subsidiary Guarantors’ accounts payable that had not been paid within 180 days from the invoice date of the relevant account payable, subject to certain exceptions; provided, further, that the financial covenant would not apply on any day that our market capitalization is at least $550.0 million measured on a consecutive 10-business day period immediately prior to such date of measurement and tested on a daily basis. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, subject to any specified cure periods, the Lenders could declare all amounts owed by us immediately due and payable by the Lenders. As of the Payoff Date (as defined below), we were in compliance with all applicable covenants under the Hercules Loan Agreement.
Prior to the Payoff Date, we incurred financing expenses related to the Hercules Loan Agreement, which were recorded as an offset to long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets. These deferred financing costs were amortized over the term of the debt using the effective interest method, and were included in other income, net in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, interest expense included zero and $0.1 million, respectively, of amortized deferred financing costs related to the 2022 Term Loan Facility. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, interest expense included $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, of amortized deferred financing costs related to the 2022 Term Loan Facility.
On May 2, 2025, we entered into a payoff letter for a voluntary prepayment with respect to the Hercules Loan Agreement (the “Payoff Letter”) with Hercules. Pursuant to the Payoff Letter, on May 2, 2025 (the “Payoff Date”), the we paid off the outstanding loan amount of approximately $21.8 million in full in repayment of the our outstanding obligations under the Hercules Loan Agreement, and thereby terminated the 2022 Term Loan Facility. Due to the early prepayment, the we incurred a prepayment fee equal to 0.50% of the outstanding principal balance for a total of $0.1 million. In addition, the we paid an end of term charge equal to 6.95% of the outstanding principal balance for a total of $1.4 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a $1.3 million loss on extinguishment of debt, which is recorded to Loss on extinguishment of debt in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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Material Cash Requirements from Known Contractual and Other Obligations and Commitments
Our commitments and obligations were reported in our Annual Report, as updated in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, there has been no change in our commitments and obligations that were previously reported and updated in our Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025.
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Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements appearing under Part I, Item 1 for more information.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies are described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Form 10-K and in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K. As disclosed in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K, the preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. During the period covered by this Quarterly Report, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies from those discussed in our Form 10-K other than those disclosed in Note 2 of this Quarterly Report.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitat
ive Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. In addition, our portfolio of notes receivables is exposed to credit risk in the form of non-payment or non-performance. In mitigating our credit risk, we consider multiple factors, including the duration and terms of the note and the nature of and our relationship with the counterparty. The following analysis provides quantitative information regarding these risks.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
Our primary exposure to market risk is interest rate sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. As of September 30, 2025 we had cash and cash equivalents of $30.4 million and short-term securities of $84.2 million. We generally hold our cash in interest-bearing demand deposit accounts and short-term securities. Due to the nature of our cash and investment portfolio, a hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest rates would not have a material effect on the fair value of our cash. Our cash is held for working capital purposes. The Company purchases investment grade marketable debt securities which are rated by nationally recognized statistical credit rating organizations in accordance with its investment policy. This policy is designed to minimize the Company's exposure to credit losses and to ensure that the adequate liquidity is maintained at all times to meet anticipated cash flow needs.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
Our reporting and functional currency is the U.S. dollar, and the functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is generally the respective local currency. The assets and liabilities of each of our foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at each balance sheet date. Adjustments resulting from translating foreign functional currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are recorded as a separate component on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Equity transactions are translated using historical exchange rates. Expenses are translated using the average exchange rate during the previous month. Gains or losses due to transactions in foreign currencies are included in other expenses, net in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The volatility of exchange rates depends on many factors that we cannot forecast with reliable accuracy. We have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in foreign exchange gains and losses related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. In the event our foreign currency denominated assets, liabilities, revenue, or expenses increase, our results of operations may be more greatly affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the currencies in which we do business, resulting in unrealized foreign exchange gains or losses. We have not engaged in the hedging of foreign currency transactions to date, although we may choose to do so in the future. No strategy can completely insulate us from risks associated with such fluctuations and our currency exchange rate risk management activities could expose us to substantial losses if such rates move materially differently from our expectations.
A hypothetical 10% change in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to other currencies during any of the periods presented would not have had a material effect on our consolidated financial statements, but could result in significant unrealized foreign exchange gains or losses for any given period.
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Item 4. Controls and P
rocedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2025, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2025 at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II- OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Procee
dings.
We are, from time to time, party to various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. Given that such proceedings are subject to uncertainty, there can be no assurance that such legal proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Part I, Item I “Financial Statements (Unaudited) – Note 19, Commitments and Contingencies”
in this Quarterly Report, which are incorporated herein by reference.
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Item lA.
Risk Factors
.
Investing in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report and in other documents that we file with the SEC, you should carefully consider the factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors described in Part I, Item 1A of our Form 10-K. If any of the risk factors described in the Form 10-K actually materializes, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In such an event, the market price of our common shares could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks that we currently do not know about or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also impair our business. We may disclose changes to such risk factors or disclose additional risk factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.
Risks Relating to the Combined Group Following Completion of the Strategic Combination with Beckley Psytech
The combined group will incur losses for the foreseeable future and might never achieve profitability.
The combined group may never become profitable, even if the combined group is able to complete clinical development for one or more product candidates and eventually commercialize such product candidates. The combined group will need to successfully complete significant research, development, testing and regulatory compliance activities that, together with projected general and administrative expenses, is expected to result in substantial increased operating losses for at least the next several years. Even if the combined group does achieve profitability, it may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
The combined group may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of the strategic combination.
The success of the strategic combination will depend on, among other things, the combined group’s ability to integrate atai’s and Beckley Psytech’s businesses in a manner that realizes anticipated synergies and benefits and meets or exceeds the forecasted stand‑alone cost savings anticipated by the combined group. Over time, the Company anticipates that the combined group will benefit from significant synergies, based on, among other things, increased scale. If the combined group is not able to successfully achieve these synergies, or the cost to achieve these synergies is greater than expected, then the anticipated benefits of the strategic combination may not be realized fully or at all or may take longer to realize than expected.
The success of the strategic combination will also depend on the ability of the product candidates to achieve anticipated clinical, regulatory and commercial outcomes. Clinical trials are inherently uncertain, and preliminary or early-stage results may not be predictive of final outcomes or lead to regulatory approval. Furthermore, even if regulatory approval is obtained, the combined group may face significant commercialization challenges or encounter competition sooner than expected. If Beckley Psytech’s product candidates do not demonstrate safety or efficacy in later-stage trials, fail to receive regulatory approvals, encounter intellectual property challenges or face unforeseen commercial or competitive obstacles, the combined group may not realize the expected benefits of the strategic combination.
The failure to successfully integrate the businesses and operations of atai and Beckley Psytech in the expected time frame may adversely affect the combined group’s future results.
atai and Beckley Psytech previously have operated independently, and their respective businesses may not be integrated successfully. It is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of suppliers, vendors, landlords, joint venture partners or other business partners, the disruption of either company’s or both companies’ ongoing businesses, inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies, potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen expenses or delays associated with and following completion of the strategic combination or higher than expected integration costs and an overall post‑completion integration process that takes longer than originally anticipated.
Risks Relating to the Redomiciliation
The expected benefits of the Redomiciliation may not be realized.
There can be no assurance that any or all of the anticipated benefits of the Redomiciliation will be achieved. Achieving the anticipated benefits of the Redomiciliation is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including factors that we do not and cannot control. In addition, if the expected benefits of the Redomiciliation do not meet expectations of investors or securities analysts, the price of the Company’s common shares following completion of the Redomiciliation may decline.
The Redomiciliation may not be implemented or may not be implemented in a timely manner.
Completion of the Redomiciliation is contingent on factors and circumstances of which some are not, or not completely, within the control of atai. As a result, the Redomiciliation may not be implemented or may not be implemented according to the timeline as currently foreseen by atai, including, without limitation, as a result of the following factors and circumstances:
•
creditors of atai may during a three-month creditor opposition period object to the LuxCo Merger. Although atai believes the LuxCo Merger will not prejudice the position of its creditors and accordingly that any such objections would be without merit,
82
exercise of creditor opposition rights may delay or frustrate implementation of the LuxCo Merger and, therefore, the Redomiciliation;
•
the implementation of the Redomiciliation may be subject to litigation on any grounds, which may delay or otherwise frustrate the implementation of the Redomiciliation; and
•
although atai currently does not envisage regulatory approval being required for the implementation of the Redomiciliation, regulators may take a different view. If any regulator would assert that regulatory approval is nevertheless required for the implementation of the Redomiciliation and such approval is not forthcoming, this may delay or, ultimately, prevent the implementation of the Redomiciliation.
Furthermore, atai’s board of directors has reserved the right to delay or abandon the Redomiciliation at any time prior to the LuxCo Merger if it determines for any reason that the consummation of the Redomiciliation, or any part thereof, would be inadvisable or not in the best interests of atai’s shareholders.
83
Item 2. Unregistered
Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaul
ts Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine
Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Oth
er Information.
a)
Disclosure in lieu of reporting on a Current Report on Form 8-K.
None.
b)
Material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the board of directors.
None.
c)
Insider trading arrangements and policies.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025
, no director or officer of the Company, as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act,
adopted
or
terminated
a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Inline XBRL Instance Document - the Instance Document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
*
*
Filed herewith.
**
Furnished herewith
+
Certain of the schedules and attachments to this exhibit have been omitted from this exhibit pursuant to Regulation S-K, Item 601(a)(5). The registrant hereby undertakes to provide further information regarding such omitted materials to the SEC upon request.
§
Certain portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Regulation S-K, Item 601(a)(6).
^
Certain confidential portions (indicated by brackets and asterisks) have been omitted from this exhibit pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv).
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SIGNA
TURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Atai Beckley N.V.
Date: November 12, 2025
By:
/s/ Srinivas Rao
Srinivas Rao
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 12, 2025
By:
/s/ Anne Johnson
Anne Johnson
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
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