CALM 10-Q Quarter ended Aug. 27, 2016

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC  20549



FORM 10-Q

(mark one)



☑ Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934



For the quarterly period ended August 27, 2016



OR



☐ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934



For the transition period from ____________ to ____________



Commission File Number:  000-04892



CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)





3320 Woodrow Wilson Avenue, Jackson, Mississippi  39209

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)



(601) 948-6813

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ☑ No ☐



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☑



There w er e 43, 73 0,931 sha res of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, and 4,8 00,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value, outstan ding as of September 23 , 201 6 .

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CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

FOR THE QUARTER END ED AUGUST 27, 2016









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PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORM ATION

ITEM 1.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands)

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)











See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.



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CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(in thousands)

(unaudited)











See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements .

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CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)









See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements .



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CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

August 27, 2016

(unaudited)

1. Presentation of Interim Information



The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adj ustments, considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented have been included. The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affected reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions.  Operating results for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending June 3, 2017 .



The condensed consolidated balance sheet at May 28, 2016 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date .  It does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.



For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in Cal-Maine Foods, Inc.'s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 28, 2016 . References to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Cal-Maine Foods, Inc.



2.   Stock Based Compensation



Total stock based compensation expense for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 and August 29, 2015 was $ 848,000 and $ 700,000 , respectively.



Unrecognized compensation expense as a result of non-vested shares of the 2012 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan at August 27, 2016 was $ 4.8 million and will be recorded over a weighted average period of 1.9 years. Refer to Note 11 of our May 28, 2016 audited financial statements for further information on our stock compensation plans.



At August 27, 2016 , there were 283,800 restricted shares outstanding , with a weighted average grant date fair value of $35.99 per share. A summary of the Company’s restricted share activity for th e thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 follows:





















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3 .   Inventories



Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands) :









4 .   Contingencies



Financial Instruments

The Company maintained cash collateralized standby letters of credit (“LOC”) for the benefit of certain insurance companies totaling $ 3. 7 million at August 27, 2016 .  The cash collateraliz ing the LOCs is included in the line item “Other assets” in the C ondensed C onsolidated B alance S heets. As a result, n one of the LOCs are recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheets.



Legal Contingencies

The Company is a defendant in certain legal actions, and intends to vigorously defend its position in these actions. If the Company’s assessment of a contingency indicates it is probable a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, the estimated liability is accrued in the Company’s financial statements. If the assessment indicates a potential material loss contingency is not probable, but is reasonably possible, or probable but cannot be reasonably estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the possible loss or range of possible loss will be disclosed , or a statement will be made that such an estimate cannot be made .



These legal actions are discussed in detail at Part II, Item 1, of this report .



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5 .   Net Income per Common Share



Basic net income per share was calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted net income per share was calculated by dividing net income by the weighted- average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus the dilutive effects of options and restricted stock . Due to the net loss in the first quarter of fiscal 2017, restricted shares in the amount of 140,551 were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been antidilutive. The computations of basic and diluted net income per share attributable to the Company are as follows (in thousands, except per share data) :













6 .   Accrued Dividends Payable and Dividends per Common Share



We make an accrual of dividends payable at the end of each quarter according to the Company’s dividend policy adopted by its Board of Directors. According to the policy, the Company pays a dividend to shareholders of its Common Stock and Class A Common Stock on a quarterly basis for each quarter for which the Company reports net income attributable to Cal-Maine Foods, Inc. computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in an amount equal to one-third ( 1/3 ) of such quarterly income. Dividends are paid to shareholders of record as of the 60 th day following the last day of such quarter, except for the fourth fiscal quarter.  For the fourth quarter, the Company will pay dividends to shareholders of record on the 65 th day after the quarter end. Dividends are payable on the 15 th day following the record date. Following a quarter for which the Company does not report net income attributable to Cal-Maine Foods, Inc., the Company will not pay a dividend for a subsequent profitable quarter until the Company is profitable on a cumulative basis computed from the date of the last quarter for which a dividend was paid. At August 27, 2016, cumulative losses that must be recovered prior to paying a dividend were $31.3 million. When applicable, the amount of the accrual appears on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as “Accrued dividends payable.”



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On our condensed consolidated statement of income, we determine dividends per common share in accordance with the computation in the following table (in thousands, except per share data):





*Dividends per common share = 1/3 of Net income (loss) attri butable to Cal-Maine Foods, Inc. available for dividend ÷ Total common stock outstanding (shares)











7 .   Fair Value Measurements



The Company is required to categorize both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities based on the following fair value hierarchy.  The fair value of an asset is the price at which the asset could be sold in an orderly transaction between unrelated, knowledgeable, and willing parties able to engage in the transaction. A liability’s fair value is defined as the amount that would be paid to transfer the liability to a new obligor in a transaction between such parties, not the amount that would be paid to settle the liability with the creditor.



The disclosure of fair value of certain financial assets and liabilities that are recorded at cost are as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.



Long-term debt: The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt is at its stated value.  We have not elected to carry our long-term debt at fair value. F air values for debt are based on quoted market prices or published forward interest rate curves , which are level 2 inputs . Estimated fair v alues are management’s estimate, which is a level 3 input ; however, when there is no readily available market data, the estimated fair values may not represent the amounts that could be realized in a current transaction, and the fair values could change significantly. The fair value and carrying value of the Company’s borrowings under its long-term debt were as follows (in thousands) :





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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

In accordance with the fair value hierarchy described above, the following table shows the fair value of fi nancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of August 27, 2016 and May 28, 2016 (in thousand s ) :









I nvestment securities – available-for-sale , classified as level 2 , consist of U . S . government and agency obligations, taxable and tax exempt municipal bonds, zero coupon municipal bonds, foreign government obligations, asset backed securities and corporate bonds with maturities of three months or longer when purchased . We classif y these securities as current, because amounts invested are available for current operations. Observable inputs for these securities are yields, credit risks, default rates, and volatility.











8 .   Investment Securities



The following represents the Company’s investment securities as of August 27, 2016 and May 28, 2016 (in thousands):







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Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities were $ 92.8 million and $ 43.9 million during the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 and August 29, 2015 , respectively. Gross realized gains on those sales during the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 and August 29, 2015 were $ 10 8 ,000 and $ 4 ,000 , respectively.  Gross realized losses on those sales during the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 and August 29, 2015 were zero and $ 28 ,000 , respectively. For purposes of determining gross realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.



Unrealized holding gains , net of tax , on available-for-sale securities classified as current in the amount of $ 271 ,000 for the thirteen week s ended August 27, 2016 compared with unrealized holding losses, net of tax, of $ 12 5 ,000 for the same period of fiscal 2016 . Unrealized holding gains, net of tax, on long-term available-for-sale securities of $ 4 0 ,000 were recorded for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 compared with unrealized holding losses, net of tax, on long-term available-for-sale securities of $ 5 5 ,000 for the sam e period of fiscal 2016.



Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because some borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Contractual maturities at August 27, 2016 , are as follows (in thousands) :











9.   Equity



The following reflects the equity activity, including our noncontrolling interest, for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 :









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ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS



This report contains numerous forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) relating to our shell egg business, including estimated production data, expected operating schedules, projected construction costs, and other operating data, including anticipated results of operations and financial condition.  Such forward-looking statements are identified by the use of words such as “believes,” “intends,” “expects,” “hopes,” “may,” “should,” “plans,” “projected,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” or similar words.  Actual production, operating schedules, capital costs, results of operations, and other projections and estimates could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.  The forward-looking statements are based on management’s current intent, belief, expectations, estimates, and projections regarding the Company and its industry.  These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors that are difficult to predict and may be beyond our control.  The factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements include, among others, (i) the risk factors set forth in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 28, 2016 , as updated by our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, (ii) the risks and hazards inherent in the shell egg business (including disease, pests, weather conditions, and potential for product recall), (iii) changes in the demand for and market prices of shell eggs and feed costs, (iv) our ability to predict and meet demand for cage-free and other specialty eggs, (v) risks, changes, or obligations that could result from our future acquisition of new flocks or businesses and risks or changes that may cause conditions to completing a pending acquisition not to be met , and (v i ) adverse results in pending litigation matters.  Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements because, while we believe the assumptions on which the forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, there can be no assurance that these forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate.  Further, forward-looking statements included herein are only made as of the respective dates thereof, or if no date is stated, as of the date hereof.  Except as otherwise required by law, we disclaim any intent or obligation to update publicly these forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events, or otherwise.



OVERVIEW



Cal-Maine Foods, Inc. (“we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”) is primarily engaged in the production, grading, packaging, marketing, and distribution of fresh shell eggs.  Our fiscal year end is the Saturday closest to May 31.

Our operations are fully integrated.  At our facilities we hatch chicks, grow and maintain flocks of pullets ( young female chickens, u nder 18 weeks of age), layers (mature female chickens) and breeders (male and female birds used to produce fertile eggs to be h atched for egg production flocks), manufacture feed, and produce, process , and distribute shell eggs. We are the largest producer and marketer of shell eggs in the United States (U.S.).  We market the majority of our shell eggs in the southwestern, southeastern, mid-western, and mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. We market shell eggs through an extensive distribution network to a diverse group of customers, including national and regional grocery store chains, club stores, foodservice distributors, and egg product consumers .



The Company has one operating segment , which is the production, grading, packaging, marketing and distribution of shell eggs.  The majority of our customers rely on us to provide most of their shell egg needs, including specialty and non-specialty eggs. Specialty eggs represent a broad range of products.  We classify nutritionally enhanced, cage free, organic and brown eggs as specialty products for accounting and reporting purposes. We classify all other shell egg s as non-specialty products.  While we report separate sales information for these types of eggs, we note there are a number of cost factors which are not specifically available for non-specialty or specialty eggs due to the nature of egg production. We manage our operations and allocate resources to these types of eggs on a consolidated basis based on the demands of our customers.

Our operating results are directly tied to egg prices, which are highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations, and are outside of our control. For example, the annual average Urner-Barry Southeastern Regional Large Egg Market Price per dozen eggs, for our fiscal 2005-2016 ranged from a low of $0.72 during fiscal 2005 to a high of $2.97 during fiscal 2016.  The shell egg industry has traditionally been subject to periods of high profitability followed by periods of significant loss. In the past, during periods of high profitability, shell egg producers tended to increase the number of layers in production with a resulting increase in the supply of shell eggs, which generally caused a drop in shell egg prices until supply and

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demand returned to balance.  As a result, our financial results from year to year may vary significantly.   Shorter term, retail sales of shell eggs historically have been greatest during the fall and winter months and lowest during the summer months.  Prices for shell eggs fluctuate in response to seasonal factors and a natural increase in shell egg production during the spring and early summer.  Shell egg prices tend to increase with the start of the school year and are highest prior to holiday periods, particularly Thanksgiving, Christmas, and Easter.  Consequently, we generally experience lower sales and net income in our first and fourth fiscal quarters ending in August and May, respectively. Because of the seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, comparisons of our sales and operating results between different quarters within a single fiscal year are not necessarily meaningful comparisons.



From April through June 2015, our industry experienced a significant avian influenza (“AI”) outbreak, primarily in the upper Midwestern U.S.  Based on several published industry estimates, we believe approximately 12% of the national flock of laying hens was affected.  The affected laying hens were either destroyed by the disease or euthanized.  During April through June 2015, the supply of laying hens decreased substantially, and then began to recover gradually. As of August 1, 2016, the national laying hen flock according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture was approximately 8.4% higher than the AI reduced flock on August 1, 2015, but remained 3.3% below the number of layers on August 1, 2014.  Egg prices increased significantly during the summer and fall of 2015. The average Urner-Barry Thursday prices for the large market (i.e. generic shell eggs) in the southeastern region for the months of June through November 2015 was $2.32 per dozen, with a peak of $2.97 in August.  Subsequent to November 2015, shell egg prices declined.  The Urner Barry price index hit a decade-low level during our fiscal 2016 fourth quarter, and has remained at significantly lower levels in the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 than the corresponding period of last year.  Accordingly, our net average selling prices for eggs for the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 was $0.952 compared with $2.243 in t he fiscal 2016 first quarter. Retail demand has remained favorable; however, lower institutional demand for egg products and reduced egg exports have pushed inventory levels higher and created additional pricing pressure. Based on USDA reports, the laying flock is expected to increase through the end of calendar 2016, creating more supply and the potential for further price declines. Egg prices will likely remain volatile and future prices will depend on levels of supply and the recovery of institutional demand for eggs which was adversely impacted as a result of the 2015 shortages caused by AI.



We are one of the largest producers and marketers of value-added specialty shell eggs in the U.S. For accounting and tax purposes, we classify nutritionally enhanced, cage-free, organic and brown eggs as specialty shell eggs. They have been a significant and growing segment of the market in recent years. During our fiscal 2016 an increasing number of large restaurant chains, food service companies and grocery chains, including our largest customers, announced goals to transition to a cage-free egg supply chain by specified future dates. We are working with our customers to achieve smooth progress in meeting their goals, and our focus for future expansion at our farms will be with environments that are cage-free or with equipment that can easily be converted to cage-free, based on a timeline that meets our customer’s needs.



For the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , we produced approximat ely 82 % of the total number of shell eggs we sold .  This compares to 78% in the comparable prior year period . For both periods, a pproximately 4 % of such production was provided by contract producers utiliz ing their facilities in the production of shell eggs by layers owned by us. We own the shell eggs produced under these arrangements.



Our cost of production is materially affected by feed costs.  Feed costs average d approximatel y 6 0 % of our total farm egg production cost for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 . Changes in market prices for corn and soybe an meal, the primary ingredients in the feed we use, result in changes in our cost of goods sold.   The cost of our feed ingredients, which are commodities, are subject to factors over which we have little or no control such as volatile price changes caused by weather, size of harv est, transportation and storage costs, demand and the agricultural and energy policies of the U.S. and foreign governments. Increased U.S. acreage and large per acre yields for both corn and soybeans in 2016 should provide adequate domestic supplies for both of our primary feed ingredients.  Domestic corn supplies could be particularly robust, although domestic soybean stocks could be negatively impacted by increased exports due to reduced supplies from South America.



As previously disclosed on August 2, 2016, we are in the process of acquiring substantially all of the assets of Foodonics International, Inc. and its related entities doing business as Dixie Egg Company.  The assets to be acquired include commercial egg production and processing facilities with capacity for approximately 1.6 million laying hens and related feed production, milling and distribution facilities in Georgia, Alabama and Florida , as well as contract grower arrangements for an additional 1.5 million laying hens.  In addition, the assets to be acquired include the Egg-Land’s Best, Inc. franchise

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with licensing rights for portions of certain markets in Alabama, Florida and Georgia as well as Puerto Rico, Bahamas and Cuba.  We expect to close this transaction in the second quarter of fiscal 2017 .



RESULTS OF OPERATIONS



The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain items from our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income expressed as a percentage of net sales.



NET SALES



Approximatel y 9 8 % of our net sales for the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 were shell egg s and approximately 2 % w ere egg product s .  Net sales for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 were $ 239.8 million, a de crease of $ 3 70 .1 million, or 60.7 %, compared to net sales of $ 609.9 million for the thirteen weeks ended August 29, 2015 , primarily due to the decrease in egg selling prices . Total dozens of shell eggs sold and egg selling prices decreased for the current thirteen-week period compared to the same period in fiscal 2016 . Dozens sold for the first quarter of fiscal year 201 7 w ere 242.3 million, a de crease of 16.5 million , or 6.4 %, compared to 258.8 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2016 resulting in a decrease in net sales of $36.9 million.



Our net average selling price per dozen of shell eggs for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 was $ 0.952 , compared to $ 2.243 for the thirteen weeks ended August 29 2015 , a de crease of 57.6 %, resulting in a corr esponding de crease in net shell egg sales of $ 3 12.9 million. Net average selling price is the blended price for all sizes and grades of shell eggs, including non-graded shell egg sale s, breaking stock, and undergrades.



Egg products and other revenues res ulted in a de crease in net sales of $ 2 0.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 compared to the same period of last year.



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The table below represents an analysis of our non-specialty and specialty shell egg sales (in thousands, except percentage data) .  Following the table is a discussion of the information presented in the table.





Non -specialty shell eggs include all shell egg sales not specifically identified as specialty shell egg sales.   The non-specialty shell egg market is characterized by an inelasticity of demand . S mall increases or decreases in production or demand can have a large positive or adverse effect on selling prices. For the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , non-specialty shell egg dozens sold de creased approximately 6.5 % and the average selling price de creased 70.7 % to $ 0.638 from $ 2.174 for the same period of the prior year.



Specialty she ll eggs, which include nutritionally enhanced, cage - free, organic and brown eggs, continue to make up a larger portion of our total shell egg revenue and dozens sold .  Specialty egg retail prices are less cyclical than non-specialty shell egg prices and are generally higher due to consumer willingness to pay for the perceived benefits from these products. This was particularly evident in recent quarters as non-specialty egg prices declined more than specialty egg prices.  However, as non-specialty egg prices declined, we experienc ed some margin and volume pressures on specialty egg sales. For the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , specialty shell egg dozens sold de creased approximately 4.5 % and the average selling price de creased 20 . 5 % to $ 1.973 from $ 2.481 for the same period of the prior year.



Co-pack specialty shell eggs are sold primarily through co-pack arrangements, a common practice in the industry whereb y production and processing of certain products is outsourced to another producer.  Shell egg sales in this catego ry represented 4.2 million and 5.4 million dozen for the quarters ended August 27, 2016 and August 29, 2015 , respectively , primarily reflecting the loss of a portion of a major customer’s co-pack business .



The shell egg sales classified as “Other” represent sales of hard cooked eggs, hatching eggs, and /or other miscellaneous products , which are included with our shell egg operations.



Egg products are shell eggs that are broken and sold in liquid, frozen, or dried form.  Our egg products are sold through our consolidated subsidiaries American Egg Products, LLC (“AEP”) and Texas Egg Products, LLC (“TEP”).  For the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 , egg product sales were $ 5.6 million, a de crease of $ 21.7 mill ion, or 79.5 %, compared to $ 27.2 million for the same period of 201 6 . Pounds sold for the first quarter of fiscal year 201 7 were 14.4 million pounds, a n increase of

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253,000 pounds, or 1.8 %, compared to 14.1 million pounds for the same quarter of fiscal 201 6 . Selling prices for liquid and frozen egg products were down 79.3% for the first quarter of 2017 compared wi th the same period of last year .



COST OF SALES

Cost of sales consists of costs directly related to production, processing and packing shell eggs, purchases of shell eggs from outside producers, processing and packing of liquid and frozen egg products, and other non-egg costs.  Farm production costs are those costs incurred at the egg production facility, including feed, facility, hen amortization, and other related farm production costs.



The following table presents the key variables affecting cost of sales (in thousands, except cost per dozen data) .













Cost of sales for the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 was $ 249.4 million, a de crease of $ 97.4 million, or 28.1 %, compared to cost of sales of $ 346.8 million for the same quarter of fiscal 201 6 . The de crease w as primarily driven by a de crease in the cost of outside egg purchases during the quarter , including eggs purchased by our egg products divisions . Feed cost per dozen for the fiscal 201 7 first quarter was $0.4 31 , compared to $0. 4 19 per dozen for the comparable fiscal 201 6 quarter, a n in crease of 2.9 % resulting in a n in crea se in cost of sales of $ 2 .5 million for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 compared wit h the same period of fiscal 2016 . Other farm production cost increased 8.5% to $0.294 for the first quarter of 2017, compared with $0.271 for the same period of last year primarily due to increased facility costs related to capital improvement and conversion projects .



Gross margin de creased from 43.1 % for the first quarter of fiscal 2016 to a loss of 4.0 % for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 primarily due to t he de creased average customer selling price s .



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SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES



Sellin g, general, and administrative expenses include costs of marketing, distribution, accounting, and corporate overhead. The following table present s an analysis of our selling, general, and administrative expenses (in thousands) .





F or the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , s elling, general, and administrative expense was $ 40.3 million, a de crease of 6.3 %, compared to $ 4 3. 0 million for the thirteen weeks ended August 2 9 , 2015 .  Specialty egg expense de creased $ 825,000 compared to the same period of last year, a de crease of 5.9 %.  Specialty egg expense typically fluctuates with specialty egg dozens sold which de creased 4.5 % for the current quarter compared to the same period of last year .  Payroll and overhead de creased $ 1.1 million, or 12.0 %, compared to the same period of last year primarily due to reduced bonus accruals in the current period and expense related to the vesting of liability awards incurred in the first quarter of fiscal 2016 .  As a percentage of net sales, payroll and overhead was 3.5 % for the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 compared to 1. 6 % for the same period of last year.



OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)



As a result of th e above, operating loss was $ 49 .8 million for the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 , compared to operating income of $ 220.1 million for the fiscal 201 6 first quarter.



OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)



Total other income (expense) consists of income (expenses) not directly charged to, or related to, operations such as interest expense, royalty income, and patronage income, among other items.  Other income for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 was $ 1.3 million , a n in crease of $736,000 , compared to $ 549,000 for the thirteen weeks ended August 29 , 2015 . This increase is primarily due to an increase in net interest income partially offset by a decrease in equity income from affiliates for the first quarter of fiscal 2017 compared to the same period of last year. As a percent of net sales, other income was 0.5 % for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 and 0.1 % for the same period of fiscal 20 16 .



F or the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 , we recorded $1.1 million of interest income compared with $583,000 for the same period of last year. This increase resulted from higher average invested balances a nd higher rates of return on available for sale securities . The company recorded interest expense of $387,000 and $825,000 , of which $379,000 and $269,000 was capitalized in the first quarters of fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively. Th is reduction resulted from the Company reducing outstanding debt and increas ing capitalized interest related to major expansion and renovation projects.



Equity in income of affiliates for the first quarter of fiscal 201 7 was $ 191,000 compared to $ 730 ,000 for the same period of last year.  The de crease of $ 539 ,000 is primarily due to de crease d income from specialty egg sales in our unconsolidated joint ventures.



INCOME TAXES



Pre-tax loss , less net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest, was $ 48.5 million for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , compared to pre-tax income of $ 219.6 million for last year’s comparable period .  For the current thirteen-week period, income tax benefit of $17.6 million was recorded, with an effective tax rate of 36.2 %, compared to income tax expense of

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$ 76.6 million, with an effective rate of 3 4.9 %, for last year’s comparable period. Included in prior period income tax expense is the benefit of the domestic production activity deduction.



Our effective rate differs from the federal statutory income tax rate of 35% due to state income taxes and ce rtain items included in income for financial reporting purposes that are not included in taxable income for income tax purposes, including tax exempt interest income, domestic production activity deduction, and net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interest.



NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING INTEREST



For the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest was $ 44 ,000 , compared to net income of $ 1.1 million for the same period of 201 6 .



NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC.



Net loss for the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 was $ 30.9 million, or $ 0.64 per basic and diluted share, compared to net income of $ 143.0 million, or $ 2.97 per basic and $2.95 per diluted share for the same period last year.



CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY



Our working capital at August 27, 2016 was $ 498.8 million, compared to $ 542.8 million at May 28, 2016 . The calculation of working capital is defined as current assets less current liabilities. Our current ratio was 7.70 at August 27, 2016 , compared with 7.50 at May 28, 2016 . We have $3. 7 million in outstanding standby letters of credit , which are collateralized by cash for the benefit of certain insurance companies . Our long-term debt at August 27, 2016 , including current maturities, amounted to $ 24.0 million, compared to $ 25.6 million at May 28, 2016 . Refer to Note 9 of our May 28 , 201 6 audited financial statements for further information on our long-term debt.

For the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , $ 45 . 5 million in net cash was used for operating activities, a de crease of $ 199.6 million , compared to net cash provided by operations of $ 154.1 million for the comparable period in fiscal 201 6 . Decreased gross profit margins resulting from lower egg selling prices contributed greatly to our de crease in cash flow from operations .



For the thirteen weeks ended August 27, 2016 , approximately $ 92.8 million was provided from the sale of short-term investments and $ 9.0 million was used to purchase shor t-term investments , compared to $80.7 million in sales and $43.9 million in purchases in the first quarter of fiscal 2016 . We invested $ 5.5 million in our previously disclosed Red River Valley Egg Farm , LLC joint venture (“Red River”) . Approximately $ 23.9 million was used to purchase property, plant and equipment, including construction projects discussed in detail below , compared to $15.3 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2016.  We paid dividends of $15.4 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2016 and none in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 . As of August 27, 2016 , cash in crease d approximately $ 8.6 million since May 28, 2016 compared to $60.7 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2016.

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To accommodate t he previously discussed increase in customers committing to cage-free eggs over time, future expansion s at our farms will be with environments that are cage-free or with equipment that can easily be converted to cage-free, based on a timeline that meets our customer’s needs.  The following table represents material construction projects approved as of September 23 , 2016 :







In addition to these projects, the Company expects to continue to fund its 50% share of the previously discussed Red River JV during fiscal 2017.  As of September 23 , 2016, we have contributed $39.5 million to the joint venture and we estimate we will make additional contributions of approxim ately $ 9 .0 million to fund our share of the remaining construction and startup costs.



Certain property, plant, and equipment is pledged as collateral on our notes payable and senior secured notes.  Unless otherwise approved by our lenders, we are required by provisions of our loan agreements to (1) maintain minimum levels of working capital (current ratio of not less than 1.25 to 1) and net worth (minimum of $90.0 million tangible net worth, plus 45% of cumulative net income since the fiscal year ended May 28, 2005); (2) limit dividends paid in any given quarter to not exceed an amount equal to one third of the previous quarter’s consolidated net income ( allowed if no events of default); (3) maintain minimum total funded debt to total capitalization ( not to exceed 55%); and ( 4 ) maintain various cash-flow coverage ratios (1.25 to 1), among other restrictions. At August 27, 2016 , we were in compliance with the financial covenant requirements of all loan agreements. Under certain of the loan agreements, the lenders have the option to require the prepayment of any outstanding borrowings in the event we undergo a change in control, as defined in the applicable loan agreem ent. Our debt agreements require Fred R. Adams, Jr., our Founder and Chairman Emeritus, or his family, to maintain ownership of Company shares representing not less than 50% of the outstanding voting power of the Company.



W e believe our current cash balances, investments, borrowing s , and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our current and projected capital needs for at least the next twelve months .



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IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS



In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2014-09). The standard provides companies with a single model for use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific revenue guidance. The core principle of the model is to recognize revenue when control of the goods or services transfers to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services.  In August 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-14 which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 until annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. The guidance permits companies to either apply the requirements retrospectively to all prior periods presented, or apply the requirements in the year of adoption, through a cumulative adjustment. The Company does not expect ASU 2014-09 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statement presentation.



I n February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases .  The purpose of the standard is to improve transparency and comparability related to the accounting and reporting of leasing arrangements.  The guidance will require balance sheet recognition for assets and liabilities associated with rights and obligations created by leases with terms greater than twelve months.  ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods.  Early adoption is permitted.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-02 on its financial statements and presentation.



In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Compensation Accounting . ASU 2016-09 requires that excess tax benefits are recorded on the income statement as opposed to additional paid-in-capital, and treated as an operating activity on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 also allows companies to make an accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures when they occur. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption permitted.  The Company does not expect ASU 2016-09 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statement presentation.



CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES



We suggest our Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, as described in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 28, 2016 , be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. There have been no changes to critical accounting policies identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 28, 2016 .



ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK



There have been no material changes in the market risk reported in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 28, 2016 .





ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES



Disclosure Controls and Procedures



Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.  Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures conducted by our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, together with other financial officers, such officers concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of August 27, 2016 at the reaso nable assurance level.



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Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting



There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended August 27, 2016 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION



ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Refer to the discussion of certain legal proceedings involving the Company and/or its subsidiaries in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 28, 2016, under Part I, Item 3:  Legal Proceedings, and Part II Item 8, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 13: Contingencies, which discussions are incorporated herein by reference, as well as the following:

Egg Antitrust Litigation



Since September 25, 2008, the Company has been named as one of several defendants in numerous antitrust cases involving the United States shell egg industry.  In some of these cases, the named plaintiffs allege that they purchased eggs or egg products directly from a defendant and have sued on behalf of themselves and a putative class of others who claim to be similarly situated.  In other cases, the named plaintiffs allege that they purchased shell eggs and egg products directly from one or more of the defendants but sue only for their own alleged damages and not on behalf of a putative class.  In the remaining cases, the named plaintiffs are individuals or companies who allege that they purchased shell eggs indirectly from one or more of the defendants – that is, they purchased from retailers that had previously purchased from defendants or other parties – and have sued on behalf of themselves and a putative class of others who claim to be similarly situated.

The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation consolidated all of the putative class actions (as well as certain other cases in which the Company was not a named defendant) for pretrial proceedings in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania court has organized the putative class actions around two groups (direct purchasers and indirect purchasers) and has named interim lead counsel for the named plaintiffs in each group.

The Direct Purchaser Putative Class Action . The direct purchaser putative class cases were consolidated into In re: Processed Egg Products Antitrust Litigation, No. 2:08-md-02002-GP, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. As previously reported, in November 2014, the Court approved the Company’s settlement with the direct purchaser plaintiff class and entered final judgment dismissing with prejudice the class members’ claims against the Company.

The Indirect Purchaser Putative Class Action .  The indirect purchaser putative class cases were consolidated into In re: Processed Egg Products Antitrust Litigation, No. 2:08-md-02002-GP, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.  On April 20-21, 2015, the Court held an evidentiary hearing on the indirect purchaser plaintiffs’ motion for class certification.  On September 18, 2015, the Court denied the indirect purchaser plaintiffs’ motion for class certification of 21 separate classes seeking damages under the laws of 21 states, holding that the plaintiffs were not able to prove that their purported method for ascertaining class membership was reliable or administratively feasible, that common questions would predominate, or that their proposed class approach would be manageable in a single trial.  In addition to barring any right to pursue a class monetary remedy under state law, the Court also denied indirect purchaser plaintiffs’ request for certification of an injunctive-relief class under federal law. However, the court allowed the indirect purchaser plaintiffs to renew their motion for class certification seeking a federal injunction. The plaintiffs filed their renewed motion to certify an injunctive-relief class on October 23, 2015. The Company joined the other defendants in opposing that motion on November 20.  The plaintiffs filed their reply memorandum on December 11, 2015. The plaintiffs requested oral argument on their renewed motion for injunctive class certification. The plaintiffs also filed a petition with the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, asking the court to hear an immediate appeal of the trial court’s denial of the motion to certify 21 state-law damages classes. On December 3, 2015, the Third Circuit entered an order staying its consideration of the plaintiffs’ request for an immediate appeal of the damages-class ruling pending the trial court’s resolution of the plaintiffs’ renewed motion to certify an injunctive-relief class.



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On July 2, 2015, the Company filed and joined several motions for summary judgment that sought either dismissal of the entire case or, in the alternative, dismissal of portions of the case.  On July 2, 2015, the indirect purchaser plaintiffs filed motions for summary judgment seeking dismissal of certain affirmative defenses based on statutory immunities from federal and state antitrust laws. The Court heard oral argument on the motions for summary judgment on February 22 and 23, 2016. On September 9, 2016, the Court granted in part the Company’s motion for summary judgment on liability, dismissing as a matter of law the plaintiffs’ allegations of a side agreement to cease construction of new facilities and ruling that the plaintiffs’ allegations against the United Egg Producers ( UEP ) animal-welfare guidelines must be evaluated at trial under the rule of reason. On September 13, 2016, the Court granted in part the plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment as to the applicability of the Capper-Volstead defense, ruling that United States Egg Marketers (an industry cooperative of which the Company is a m ember) may invoke the defense at trial but that U EP (another industry cooperative of which the Company is a m ember) cannot. The Capper-Volstead defense is a defense pursuant to the Capper-Volstead Act (the Co-operative Marketing Associations Act), enacted by Congress in 1922, which gives certain associations of farmers certain exemptions from antitrust laws.

The Non-Class Cases . Six of the cases in which plaintiffs do not seek to certify a class have been consolidated with the putative class actions into In re: Processed Egg Products Antitrust Litigation, No. 2:08-md-02002-GP, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. The court granted with prejudice the defendants’ renewed motion to dismiss the non-class plaintiffs’ claims for damages arising before September 24, 2004. On July 2, 2015, the Company filed and joined several motions for summary judgment that sought either dismissal of all of the claims in all of these cases or, in the alternative, dismissal of portions of these cases. On July 2, 2015, the non-class plaintiffs filed a motion for summary judgment seeking dismissal of certain affirmative defenses based on statutory immunities from federal antitrust law. The Court heard oral argument on the motions for summary judgment on February 22 and 23, 2016. On September 6, 2016, the Court granted the defendants’ motion for summary judgment against the plaintiffs’ claims arising from their purchases of egg products, dismissing those claims with prejudice.  On September 9, 2016, the Court granted in part the Company’s motion for summary judgment on liability, dismissing as a matter of law the plaintiffs’ allegations of a side agreement to cease construction of new facilities and ruling that the plaintiffs’ allegations against the UEP animal-welfare guidelines must be evaluated at trial under the rule of reason. On September 12, 2016, the Court granted in part the Company’s motion for summary judgment on damages, ruling that plaintiffs cannot recover damages on purchases of eggs from non-defendants and cannot recover any relief on eggs and egg products produced or sold in Arizona after October 1, 2009, the date that Arizona mandated that all eggs sold or produced in that state must be produced in compliance with the 2008 version of the UEP animal-welfare guidelines. On September 13, 2016, the Court granted in part the plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment as to the applicability of the Capper-Volstead defense, ruling that United States Egg Marketers may invoke the defense at trial but that U EP cannot.

Allegations in Each Case . In all of the cases described above, the plaintiffs allege that the Company and certain other large domestic egg producers conspired to reduce the domestic supply of eggs in a concerted effort to raise the price of eggs to artificially high levels. In each case, plaintiffs allege that all defendants agreed to reduce the domestic supply of eggs by: (a) agreeing to limit production; (b) manipulating egg exports; and (c) implementing industry-wide animal welfare guidelines that reduced the number of hens and eggs.

The named plaintiffs in the remaining indirect purchaser putative class action seek treble damages under the statutes and common-law of various states and injunctive relief under the Sherman Act on behalf of themselves and all other putative class members in the United States. Although plaintiffs allege a class period starting in October, 2006 and running “through the present,” the Court denied the plaintiffs’ motion to certify classes seeking damages under the laws of 21 states and denied without prejudice the plaintiffs’ motion to certify an injunctive-relief class, although the plaintiffs have filed a renewed motion to certify an injunctive-relief class, as discussed above.

Five of the original six non-class cases remain pending against the Company. The principal plaintiffs in these cases are: The Kroger Co.; Publix Super Markets, Inc.; SUPERVALU, Inc.; Safeway, Inc.; Albertsons LLC; H.E. Butt Grocery Co.; The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, Inc.; Walgreen Co.; Hy-Vee, Inc.; and Kraft Food Global, Inc., General Mills, Inc., Nestle USA, Inc., and The Kellogg Company. In four of these remaining non-class cases, the plaintiffs seek treble damages and injunctive relief under the Sherman Act.  In one of those four cases, the plaintiffs purchased only egg products, and as noted above, the Court dismissed with prejudice all claims arising from the purchase of egg products. The Company does not know whether those plaintiffs will appeal that ruling. In the fifth remaining non-class case, the plaintiff seeks treble damages and injunctive relief under the Sherman Act and the Ohio antitrust act (known as the Valentine Act).

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The Pennsylvania court has entered a series of orders related to case management, discovery, class certification, summary judgment, and scheduling.  The Court has also denied all four motions that the plaintiffs filed to exclude testimony from certain expert witnesses retained by the defendants. The Pennsylvania court has not set a trial date for any of the Company’s remaining consolidated cases (non-class and indirect purchaser cases).

The Company intends to continue to defend the remaining cases as vigorously as possible based on defenses which the Company believes are meritorious and provable.  While management believes that the likelihood of a material adverse outcome in the overall egg antitrust litigation has been significantly reduced as a result of the settlements and rulings described above, there is still a reasonable possibility of a material adverse outcome in the remaining egg antitrust litigation. At the present time, however, it is not possible to estimate the amount of monetary exposure, if any, to the Company because of these cases. Accordingly, adjustments, if any, which might result from the resolution of these remaining legal matters, have not been reflected in the financial statements.



Other Matters

In addition to the above, the Company is involved in various other claims and litigation incidental to its business. Although the outcome of these matters cannot be determined with certainty, management, upon the advice of counsel, is of the opinion that the final outcome should not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position.

At this time, it is not possible for us to predict the ultimate outcome of the matters set forth above.

ITEM 1A.   RISK FACT ORS

There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on  Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 28, 2016 .



ITEM 2 . UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS



The following table is a summary of our first quarter 2017 share repurchases:









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SIG NATURE S



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



CAL-MAINE FOODS, INC.

(Registrant)













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