CIO 10-Q Quarter ended March 31, 2018

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

OR

For the transition period from to

Commission file no: 001-36409

CITY OFFICE REIT, INC.

1075 West Georgia Street

Suite 2010

Vancouver, BC

V6E 3C9

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (604) 806-3366

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    ☒  Yes    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    ☒  No

The number of shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, of the registrant outstanding at May 1, 2018 was 36,132,145.

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City Office REIT, Inc.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2018

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City Office REIT, Inc.

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except par value and share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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City Office REIT, Inc.

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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City Office REIT, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

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City Office REIT, Inc.

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements .

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City Office REIT, Inc.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Description of Business

City Office REIT, Inc. (the “Company”) was organized in the state of Maryland on November 26, 2013. On April 21, 2014, the Company completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company contributed the net proceeds of the IPO to City Office REIT Operating Partnership, L.P., a Maryland limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), in exchange for common units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (“common units”).

The Company’s interest in the Operating Partnership entitles the Company to share in distributions from, and allocations of profits and losses of, the Operating Partnership in proportion to the Company’s percentage ownership of common units. As the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, the Company has the exclusive power under the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement to manage and conduct the Operating Partnership’s business, subject to limited approval and voting rights of the limited partners.

The Company has elected to be taxed and will continue to operate in a manner that will allow it to continue to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Subject to qualification as a REIT, the Company will be permitted to deduct dividend distributions paid to its stockholders, eliminating the U.S. federal taxation of income represented by such distributions at the Company level. REITs are subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, the Company will be subject to U.S. federal and state income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate tax rates and, for tax years beginning before 2018, any applicable alternative minimum tax.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Preparation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations and generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and in the opinion of management contain all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Adopted in the Current Year

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted FASB ASU 2014-09, Revenue From Contracts with Customers, on a modified retrospective basis. The standard is principle-based and provides a five-step model to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company has reviewed its revenue streams to note that the majority are under the guidance of ASU 2016-02, Leases. Net gain on sale of real estate is under the guidance of ASU 2017-05, Other Income. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements or notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted FASB ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in ASU 2016-01 address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted FASB ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flow: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, on a retrospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted FASB ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash, on a retrospective basis. The update requires the statement of cash flows to explain the changes during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents.

To be Adopted in Future Years

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. The update amends the existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and making targeted changes to lessor accounting. The standard requires a modified retrospective transition approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application, with an option to use certain transition relief. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. In March 2018, the FASB voted to move forward with drafting a final ASU that would allow lessors to elect, as a practical expedient, to not separate lease and non-lease components and allow these components to be accounted for as a single lease component if both (i) the timing and pattern of transfer to the lessee of the lease component and the related non-lease component are the same and (ii) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. In addition, a company is permitted to use its effective date as the date of initial application. Therefore, a company electing this option will not restate comparative period financial information, will not make the new required lease disclosures in comparative periods beginning before the effective date and will recognize its cumulative effect transition adjustment as of the effective date. The Company is in the process of evaluating whether it will elect to apply the practical expedient. If the Company elects to apply the practical expedient we expect expense reimbursement that qualify as non-lease components will be presented under a single lease component. If the Company does not elect to apply the practical expedient we expect that certain non-lease components of expense reimbursement may be subject to ASC 606.

3. Real Estate Investments

Acquisitions

The following table summarizes the Company’s allocations of the purchase price of assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the three months ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Sale of Real Estate Property

On March 8, 2018, the Company sold the Washington Group Plaza property in Boise, Idaho for $86.5 million, resulting in an aggregate net gain of $47.0 million, net of $1.7 million in costs, which has been classified as net gain on sale of real estate property in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. In connection with the sale of the property, certain debt repayments were made.

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4. Lease Intangibles

Lease intangibles and the value of assumed lease obligations as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were comprised as follows (in thousands):

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for lease intangibles for the next five years and in the aggregate are as follows (in thousands):

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The following table summarizes the indebtedness as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

All interest rates are fixed interest rates with the exception of the unsecured credit facility (“Unsecured Credit Facility”) as explained in footnote 1 below.

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The scheduled principal repayments of debt as of March 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands):

6. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value measurements are based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value is as follows:

Level 1 Inputs – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 Inputs – observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities

Level 3 Inputs – unobservable inputs

As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company did not have any hedges or derivatives.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Rents Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

The Company estimates that the fair value approximates carrying value due to the relatively short-term nature of these instruments.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

With the exception of fixed rate mortgage loans payable, the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their fair value. The Company determines the fair value of its fixed rate mortgage loan payable based on a discounted cash flow analysis using a discount rate that approximates the current borrowing rates for instruments of similar maturities. Based on this, the Company has determined that the fair value of these instruments was $420.9 million and $462.3 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Accordingly, the fair value of mortgage loans payable have been classified as Level 3 fair value measurements.

7. Related Party Transactions

Administrative Services Agreement

For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company earned $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in administrative services performed for Second City Real Estate II Corporation and its affiliates (“Second City”).

Earn-Out Payment

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company paid $2.4 million to Second City to terminate the Company’s earn-out payment obligation under the Termination and Mutual Release Agreement.

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8. Future Minimum Rent Schedule

Future minimum lease payments to be received as of March 31, 2018 under non-cancellable operating leases for the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):

The above minimum lease payments to be received do not include reimbursements from tenants for certain operating expenses and real estate taxes and do not include early termination payments provided for in certain leases.

Ten state government tenants currently have the exercisable right to terminate their leases if the applicable state legislature does not appropriate rent in its annual budget. The Company has determined that the occurrence of any government tenant not being appropriated the rent in the applicable annual budget is a remote contingency and accordingly recognizes lease revenue on a straight-line basis over the respective lease term. These tenants represent approximately 12.0% of the Company’s total future minimum lease payments as of March 31, 2018.

9. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is obligated under certain tenant leases to fund tenant improvements and the expansion of the underlying leased properties.

Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, a current or previous owner or operator of real estate may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances disposed, stored, generated, released, manufactured or discharged from, on, at, under, or in a property. As such, the Company may be potentially liable for costs associated with any potential environmental remediation at any of its formerly or currently owned properties.

The Company believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with all federal, state and local ordinances and regulations regarding hazardous or toxic substances. Management is not aware of any environmental liability that it believes would have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. Management is unaware of any instances in which the Company would incur significant environmental costs if any or all properties were sold, disposed of or abandoned. However, there can be no assurance that any such non-compliance, liability, claim or expenditure will not arise in the future.

The Company is involved from time to time in lawsuits and other disputes which arise in the ordinary course of business. As of March 31, 2018 management believes that these matters will not have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

10. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock and Common Unit Distributions

On March 21, 2018, the Company’s board of directors approved and the Company declared a cash dividend distribution of $0.235 per share for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018. The dividend was paid subsequent to quarter end on April 25, 2018 to common stockholders and common unitholders of record as of April 11, 2018 for an aggregate of $8.5 million.

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Preferred Stock Distributions

During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company’s board of directors approved and the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.4140625 per share for an aggregate amount of $1.9 million. The dividend was paid subsequent to quarter end on April 25, 2018.

Restricted Stock Units

The Company has an equity incentive plan (“Equity Incentive Plan”) for executive officers, directors and certain non-executive employees, and with approval of the board of directors, for subsidiaries and their respective affiliates. The Equity Incentive Plan provides for grants of restricted common stock, restricted stock units, phantom shares, stock options, dividend equivalent rights and other equity-based awards (including LTIP Units), subject to the total number of shares available for issuance under the plan. The Equity Incentive Plan is administered by the compensation committee of the board of directors (the “plan administrator”).

The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the Equity Incentive Plan is 1,263,580 shares. To the extent an award granted under the Equity Incentive Plan expires or terminates, the shares subject to any portion of the award that expires or terminates without having been exercised or paid, as the case may be, will again become available for the issuance of additional awards.

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, 156,375 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) were granted to executive officers, directors and certain non-executive employees with a fair value of $1.9 million. The awards will vest in three equal, annual installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 the Company recognized net compensation expense of $0.4 million related to the RSUs.

A RSU award represents the right to receive shares of the Company’s common stock in the future, after the applicable vesting criteria, determined by the plan administrator, has been satisfied. The holder of an award of RSU has no rights as a stockholder until shares of common stock are issued in settlement of vested RSUs. The plan administrator may provide for a grant of dividend equivalent rights in connection with the grant of RSU; provided, however, that if the RSUs do not vest solely upon satisfaction of continued employment or service, any payment in respect to the related dividend equivalent rights will be held by the Company and paid when, and only to the extent that, the related RSU vests.

11. Subsequent Events

On April 5, 2018, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, acquired a 271,782 square foot Class A multi-tenant property in Scottsdale, Arizona for $56.5 million.

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The following discussion and analysis is based on, and should be read in conjunction with, the condensed, consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto of the City Office REIT, Inc. contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “we,” “our,” “us,” and “our company” refer to City Office REIT, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with our consolidated subsidiaries, including City Office REIT Operating Partnership L.P., a Maryland limited partnership, of which we are the sole general partner and which we refer to in this section as our Operating Partnership, except where it is clear from the context that the term only means City Office REIT, Inc.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q, including “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition,” contains both historical and forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward looking statements are not based on historical facts, but rather reflect our current expectations and projections about our future results, performance, prospects and opportunities. These forward looking statements may be identified by the use of words including “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “result” and similar terms and phrases. These forward looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are difficult to predict and which could cause our actual future results, performance, prospects or opportunities to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among others :

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The forward looking statements included in this report are made only as of the date of this report, and except as otherwise required by federal securities law, we do not have any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

Overview

Company

We were formed as a Maryland corporation on November 26, 2013. On April 21, 2014, we completed our initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of common stock. We contributed the net proceeds of the IPO to our Operating Partnership in exchange for common units in our Operating Partnership. Both we and our Operating Partnership commenced operations upon completion of the IPO and certain related formation transactions.

The Company’s interest in the Operating Partnership entitles the Company to share in distributions from, and allocations of profits and losses of, the Operating Partnership in proportion to the Company’s percentage ownership of common units. As the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, the Company has the exclusive power under the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement to manage and conduct the Operating Partnership’s business, subject to limited approval and voting rights of the limited partners.

The Company has elected to be taxed and will continue to operate in a manner that will allow it to qualify as a REIT under the Code. Subject to qualification as a REIT, the Company will be permitted to deduct dividend distributions paid to its stockholders, eliminating the U.S. federal taxation of income represented by such distributions at the Company level. REITs are subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, the Company will be subject to U.S. federal and state income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate tax rates and, for tax years beginning before 2018, any applicable alternative minimum tax.

Revenue Base

As of March 31, 2018, we owned 21 properties comprised of 44 office buildings with a total of approximately 4.6 million square feet of net rentable area (“NRA”). As of March 31, 2018, our properties were approximately 88.3% occupied.

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Office Leases

Historically, most leases for our properties were on a full-service gross or net lease basis, and we expect to continue to use such leases in the future. A full-service gross lease generally has a base year expense “stop”, whereby we pay a stated amount of expenses as part of the rent payment while future increases (above the base year stop) in property operating expenses are billed to the tenant based on such tenant’s proportionate square footage in the property. The property operating expenses are reflected in operating expenses; however, only the increased property operating expenses above the base year stop recovered from tenants are reflected as tenant recoveries in our statements of operations. In a triple net lease, the tenant is typically responsible for all property taxes and operating expenses. As such, the base rent payment does not include any operating expenses, but rather all such expenses are billed to or paid by the tenant. The full amount of the expenses for this lease type is reflected in operating expenses, and the reimbursement is reflected in tenant recoveries. All tenants in the Lake Vista Pointe, FRP Ingenuity Drive, Sorrento Mesa and Superior Pointe properties have triple net leases. Certain tenants of AmberGlen, FRP Collection and 2525 McKinnon have leases on a triple net basis. We are also a lessor for a fee simple ground lease at the AmberGlen property. All of our remaining leases are full-service gross leases.

Factors That May Influence Our Operating Results and Financial Condition

Business and Strategy

We focus on owning and acquiring office properties in our target markets. Our target markets generally possess what we believe are favorable economic growth trends, growing populations with above-average employment growth forecasts, a large number of government offices, large international, national and regional employers across diversified industries, are generally low-cost centers for business operations, and exhibit favorable occupancy trends. We utilize our management’s market-specific knowledge and relationships as well as the expertise of local real estate operators and our investment partners to identify acquisition opportunities that we believe will offer cash flow stability and long-term value appreciation. Our target markets are attractive, among other reasons, because we believe that ownership is often concentrated among local real estate operators that typically do not benefit from the same access to capital as public REITs and there is a relatively low level of participation of large institutional investors. We believe that these factors result in attractive pricing levels and risk-adjusted returns.

Rental Revenue and Tenant Recoveries

The amount of net rental revenue generated by our properties will depend principally on our ability to maintain the occupancy rates of currently leased space and to lease currently available space and space that becomes available from lease terminations. As of March 31, 2018, our properties were approximately 88.3% occupied. The amount of rental revenue generated also depends on our ability to maintain or increase rental rates at our properties. We believe that the average rental rates for our portfolio of properties are generally in-line or slightly below the current average quoted market rates. Negative trends in one or more of these factors could adversely affect our rental revenue in future periods. Future economic downturns or regional downturns affecting our markets or submarkets or downturns in our tenants’ industries that impair our ability to renew or re-let space and the ability of our tenants to fulfill their lease commitments, as in the case of tenant bankruptcies, could adversely affect our ability to maintain or increase rental rates at our properties. In addition, growth in rental revenue will also partially depend on our ability to acquire additional properties that meet our investment criteria.

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Our Properties

As of March 31, 2018, we owned 21 office complexes comprised of 44 office buildings with a total of approximately 4.6 million square feet of NRA in the metropolitan areas of Dallas, Denver, Orlando, Phoenix, Portland, San Diego and Tampa. The following table presents an overview of our portfolio as of March 31, 2018 (properties listed by descending NRA by market).

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses generally consist of utilities, property and ad valorem taxes, insurance and site maintenance costs. Increases in these expenses over tenants’ base years (until the base year is reset at expiration) are generally passed along to tenants in our full-service gross leased properties and are generally paid in full by tenants in our net leased properties.

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Conditions in Our Markets

Positive or negative changes in economic or other conditions in the markets we operate in, including state budgetary shortfalls, employment rates, natural hazards and other factors, may impact our overall performance.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements follow the same policies and procedures as outlined in the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 except for the adoption of ASU 2014-09 Revenue From Contracts with Customers, ASU 2016-01 Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, ASU 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments and ASU 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash as outlined in Note 2 of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 to March 31, 2017

Total Revenue. Revenue includes net rental income, including parking, signage and other income, as well as the recovery of operating costs and property taxes from tenants. Total revenues increased $6.1 million, or 24%, to $31.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $25.4 million in the corresponding period in 2017. $0.3 million of this increase was attributed to the acquisition of 2525 McKinnon in January 2017, $2.4 million from the acquisition of Mission City in September 2017, $3.5 million from the acquisition of Sorrento Mesa in September 2017, and $0.9 million from the acquisition of Papago Tech in October 2017. Offsetting these increases AmberGlen decreased by $0.6 million primarily due to the sale of two of the five buildings in the complex in May 2017 and Washington Group Plaza decreased by $0.4 million due to the sale of the property in March 2018. The remaining properties’ revenues were relatively unchanged in comparison to three months ended March 31, 2017.

Rental Income. Rental income includes net rental income and income from a ground lease. Total rental income increased $4.7 million, or 21%, to $27.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $22.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase in rental income was primarily due to the acquisitions described above. The acquisitions of 2525 McKinnon, Mission City, Sorrento Mesa and Papago Tech contributed an additional $0.1 million, $2.0 million, $3.1 million, and $0.9 million in rental income, respectively, to the 2018 period rental income. AmberGlen decreased by $0.5 million primarily due to the sale of two of the five buildings in the complex in May 2017 and Washington Group Plaza decreased by $0.5 million due to the sale of that property in March 2018. FRP Collection decreased by $0.3 million due to a decrease in year-over-year occupancy.

Expense Reimbursement. Total expense reimbursement increased $1.2 million, or 55%, to $3.5 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 compared to $2.3 million for the same period in 2017, primarily due to the acquisition of the 2525 McKinnon, Mission City, Sorrento Mesa and Papago Tech properties described above.

Other. Other revenue includes parking, signage and other miscellaneous income. Total other revenues increased $0.2 million, or 23%, to $1.0 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 compared to $0.8 million for the same period in 2017. The increase can be attributed to the net proceeds of an auction of a former tenant’s equipment at FRP Collection which vacated unexpectedly late in 2017. Nominal other income was also generated by City Center, Central Fairwinds, Logan Tower, DTC Crossroads, 5090 N 40th St, SanTan, 2525 McKinnon, Park Tower, Mission City and Sorrento Mesa with the largest contribution from City Center and Park Tower parking income.

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Operating Expenses

Total Operating Expenses. Total operating expenses consist of property operating expenses, as well as acquisition costs, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization. Total operating expenses increased by $3.2 million, or 14%, to $25.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, from $22.3 million for the same period in 2017, primarily due to acquisitions described above. Total operating expenses increased by $0.1 million, $2.1 million, $2.5 million, and $0.6 million, respectively, from the acquisitions of 2525 McKinnon, Mission City, Sorrento Mesa and Papago Tech properties. Washington Group Plaza operating expenses decreased by $1.3 million due to its sale in March 2018 and the impact of its designation as held for sale which meant the property ceased recording depreciation. AmberGlen decreased by $0.4 million primarily due to the sale of two of the five buildings in the complex in May 2017. The remaining operating expenses aggregated to an overall $0.4 million decrease in comparison to the prior year.

Property Operating Expenses. Property operating expenses are comprised mainly of building common area and maintenance expenses, insurance, property taxes, property management fees, as well as certain expenses that are not recoverable from tenants, the majority of which are related to costs necessary to maintain the appearance and marketability of vacant space. In the normal course of business, property expenses fluctuate and are impacted by various factors including, but not limited to, occupancy levels, weather, utility costs, repairs, maintenance and re-leasing costs. Property operating expenses increased $2.0 million, or 21%, to $11.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 from $9.6 million for the same period in 2017. The increase in property operating expenses was primarily due to the acquisitions described above. The acquisition of the 2525 McKinnon, Mission City, Sorrento Mesa and Papago Tech contributed an additional $0.2 million, $1.0 million, $0.5 million, and $0.3 million in additional property operating expenses, respectively. AmberGlen decreased by $0.3 million primarily due to the sale of two of the five buildings in the complex in May 2017, and Washington Group Plaza decreased by $0.1 million due to the sale of that property in March 2018. The remaining property operating expenses aggregate to an overall $0.4 million increase in comparison to the prior year.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses comprise of public company reporting costs and the compensation of our management team and board of directors as well as non-cash stock-based compensation expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased $0.2 million, or 10%, to $2.0 for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 compared to $2.2 million for the same period in 2017. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower amortization of stock-based compensation expense.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased $1.4 million, or 13%, to $11.9 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2018 compared to $10.5 million for the same period in 2017, primarily due to the addition of the 2525 McKinnon, Mission City, Sorrento Mesa and Papago Tech properties offset by a decrease at Washington Group Plaza and AmberGlen due to the sale of those properties.

Other Expense (Income)

Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense increased $1.4 million, or 32%, to $5.8 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2018, compared to $4.4 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to interest expense related to acquisitions. Interest expense for the 2525 McKinnon and Mission City property level debt increased by $0.2 million, and $0.5 million respectively in 2017 as well as interest on the line of credit which increased by $0.6 million as a result of acquisitions funded by that facility. A new mortgage placed on Central Fairwinds also increased interest expense by a further $0.1 million over the prior year.

Cash Flows

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 to Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash were $38.9 million and $73.2 million as of March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, respectively.

Cash flow from operating activities. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $1.2 million to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $3.0 million for the same period in 2017. The decrease was attributable to changes in working capital predominantly due to the sale of Washington Group Plaza, offset by the earn-out termination payment which occurred in 2017 but not 2018 and increased operating cash flows from acquisitions.

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Cash flow from investing activities. Net cash provided by investing activities increased by $129.3 million to $81.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $48.3 million used in investing activities for the same period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to proceeds from the disposition of the Washington Group Plaza property in March 2018 and acquisitions that occurred in 2017 but not 2018.

Cash flow to financing activities. Net cash used in financing activities increased by $167.8 million to $78.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $88.9 million provided by the same period in 2017. Cash flow used in financing activities increased primarily due to proceeds from a public offering of our common stock and a new mortgage which both occurred in 2017 but not 2018. In addition, we made higher mortgage principal repayments in 2018 as compared to 2017.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Analysis of Liquidity and Capital Resources

We had approximately $18.5 million of cash and cash equivalents and $20.4 million of restricted cash as of March 31, 2018.

On March 15, 2018 the Company entered into a $250 million Unsecured Credit Facility which includes an accordion feature that allows the Company to borrow up to $500 million, subject to customary terms and conditions. The Unsecured Credit Facility matures in March 2022, which may be extended to March 2023 at the Company’s option upon meeting certain conditions. Borrowings under the Unsecured Credit Facility will bear an interest at a rate equal to the LIBOR rate plus a margin of between 140 to 225 basis points depending upon the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.

The Company and the Operating Partnership previously entered into separate equity distribution agreements (the “Sales Agreements”) with each of KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc., Raymond James & Associates, Inc. and BMO Capital Markets Corp. (collectively, the “Sales Agents”), pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell from time to time up to 6,000,000 shares of its common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and up to 1,000,000 shares of its 6.625% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (collectively, the “Shares”), through the Sales Agents, acting as agents or principals (the “ATM Program”). Pursuant to the Sales Agreements, the Shares may be offered and sold through the Sales Agents in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act including sales made directly on the New York Stock Exchange or sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange or, with the prior consent of the Company, in privately negotiated transactions. The Sales Agents will be entitled to compensation of up to 2.0% of the gross proceeds of shares sold through the Sales Agents from time to time under the sales agreements. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the Shares under the Sales Agreements and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under, or terminate, the Sales Agreements. During the three month period ended March 31, 2018, we did not sell any Shares under the ATM Program.

Our short-term liquidity requirements primarily consist of operating expenses and other expenditures associated with our properties, distributions to our limited partners and distributions to our stockholders required to qualify for REIT status, capital expenditures and, potentially, acquisitions. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements through net cash provided by operations, reserves established from existing cash, proceeds from our public offerings, including under our ATM Program, and borrowings under our mortgage loans and Unsecured Credit Facility.

Our long-term liquidity needs consist primarily of funds necessary for the repayment of debt at maturity, property acquisitions and non-recurring capital improvements. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements with net cash from operations, long-term secured and unsecured indebtedness and the issuance of equity and debt securities. We also may fund property acquisitions and non-recurring capital improvements using our Unsecured Credit Facility pending longer term financing.

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We believe we have access to multiple sources of capital to fund our long-term liquidity requirements, including the incurrence of additional debt and the issuance of additional equity securities. However, we cannot assure you that this is or will continue to be the case. Our ability to incur additional debt is dependent on a number of factors, including our degree of leverage, the value of our unencumbered assets and borrowing restrictions that may be imposed by lenders. Our ability to access the equity capital markets is dependent on a number of factors as well, including general market conditions for REITs and market perceptions about us.

Consolidated Indebtedness as of March 31, 2018

As of March 31, 2018, we had approximately $427.8 million of outstanding consolidated indebtedness, 100% of which is fixed rate debt. The following table sets forth information as of March 31, 2018 with respect to our outstanding indebtedness (in thousands).

Contractual Obligations and Other Long-Term Liabilities

The following table provides information with respect to our commitments as of March 31, 2018, including any guaranteed or minimum commitments under contractual obligations. The table does not reflect available debt extension options.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2018, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Inflation

Substantially all of our office leases provide for real estate tax and operating expense escalations. In addition, most of the leases provide for fixed annual rent increases. We believe that inflationary increases may be at least partially offset by these contractual rent increases and expense escalations.

Our future income, cash flows and fair values relevant to financial instruments are dependent upon prevailing market interest rates. Market risk refers to the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. We have used, and will use, derivative financial instruments to manage or hedge interest rate risks related to borrowings. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and only enter into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit rating and other factors. We have entered, and we will only enter into, contracts with major financial institutions based on their credit rating and other factors. As of March 31, 2018, our Company did not have any outstanding derivatives.

The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Our primary interest rate exposure is LIBOR. We primarily use fixed interest rate financing to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. We consider our interest rate exposure to be minimal because as of March 31, 2018, approximately $427.8 million, or 100%, of our debt had fixed interest rates. A 10% increase in LIBOR would not impact our interest costs on debt outstanding as of March 31, 2018 but would decrease the fair value of our outstanding debt, as well as increase interest costs associated with future debt issuances or borrowings under our Unsecured Credit Facility. A 10% decrease in LIBOR would not impact our interest costs on debt outstanding as of March 31, 2018 but would increase the fair value of our outstanding debt, as well as decrease interest costs associated with future debt issuances or borrowings under our Unsecured Credit Facility.

Interest risk amounts are our management’s estimates based on our Company’s capital structure and were determined by considering the effect of hypothetical interest rates on our financial instruments. These analyses do not consider the effect of any change in overall economic activity that could occur in that environment. We may take actions to further mitigate our exposure to changes in interest rates. However, due to the uncertainty of the specific actions that would be taken and their possible effects, these analyses assume no changes in our Company’s financial structure.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

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Based on the most recent evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer determined that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective as of March 31, 2018.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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We and our subsidiaries are, from time to time, parties to litigation arising from the ordinary course of their business. Our management does not believe that any such litigation will materially affect our financial position or operations.

The following risk factor replaces the risk factor disclosed under a similar heading in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Except as presented below, there have been no material changes from the risk factors set forth in such Annual Report.

Covenants in our Credit Agreement may cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT.

In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are generally required under the Code to distribute annually at least 90% of our net taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain. In addition, we will be subject to income tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income, including any net capital gains. Under our Credit Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2018, we are subject to various financial covenants that may inhibit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. If we are unable to make distributions to our stockholders, we will not be able to make sufficient distributions to maintain our REIT status.

None.

None.

Not applicable.

None.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

CITY OFFICE REIT, INC.

Date: May 4, 2018

Date: May 4, 2018

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