CVGI 10-Q Quarterly Report Sept. 30, 2023

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.

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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-34365


1.6

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			41-1990662 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
7800 Walton Parkway New Albany , Ohio (Address of principal executive offices)			43054 (Zip Code)

( 614 ) 289-5360

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	CVGI	The NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☒

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, at November 8, 2023 was 33,707,070 shares.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q



PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS			1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations			1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)			2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets			3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity			5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			6
ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS			21
ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK			29
ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES			29

PART II OTHER INFORMATION			31

ITEM 1 Legal Proceedings			31
ITEM 1A Risk Factors			31
ITEM 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			31
ITEM 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities			31
ITEM 4 Mine Safety Disclosures			31
ITEM 5 Other Information			31
ITEM 6 Exhibits			31

SIGNATURE			32

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	(Unaudited) (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues	$	246,687	$	251,412	$	771,590	$	746,635
Cost of revenues	212,763		224,570		664,056		672,531
Gross profit	33,924		26,842		107,534		74,104
Selling, general and administrative expenses	21,476		17,304		64,498		49,955

Operating income	12,448		9,538		43,036		24,149
Other expense	383		1,924		488		2,798
Interest expense	2,614		2,813		8,308		6,892
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		921
Income before provision for income taxes	9,451		4,801		34,240		13,538
Provision for income taxes	2,161		1,250		8,110		3,520


Net income	$	7,290	$	3,551	$	26,130	$	10,018
Earnings per Common Share:
Basic	$	0.22	$	0.11	$	0.79	$	0.30
Diluted	$	0.22	$	0.11	$	0.78	$	0.30
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	33,100		32,460		33,010		32,950
Diluted	33,350		32,922		33,408		33,645

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	(Unaudited) (In thousands)
Net income	$	7,290	$	3,551	$	26,130	$	10,018
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency exchange translation adjustments	( 3,452 )		( 4,493 )		( 1,946 )		( 9,689 )
Minimum pension liability, net of tax	( 899 )		( 362 )		( 906 )		1,085
Derivative instrument, net of tax	( 869 )		1,838		1,772		4,011
Other comprehensive income (loss)	( 5,220 )		( 3,017 )		( 1,080 )		( 4,593 )


Comprehensive income (loss)	$	2,070	$	534	$	25,050	$	5,425

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
	(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash	$	46,293	$	31,825
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $ 208 and $ 306 , respectively	159,863		152,626
Inventories	128,192		142,542

Other current assets	29,892		12,582
Total current assets	364,240		339,575
Property, plant and equipment, net	71,554		67,805
Intangible assets, net	12,041		14,620
Deferred income taxes	11,181		12,275
Other assets, net	37,026		35,993
Total assets	$	496,042	$	470,268
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	105,110	$	122,091

Accrued liabilities and other	52,999		42,809
Current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt	18,331		10,938
Total current liabilities	176,440		175,838
Long-term debt	135,573		141,499

Pension and other post-retirement benefits	9,325		8,428
Other long-term liabilities	28,150		24,463
Total liabilities	349,488		350,228
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $ 0.01 par value ( 5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding)	$	—	$	—
Common stock, $ 0.01 par value ( 60,000,000 shares authorized; 33,108,989 and 32,826,852 shares issued and outstanding respectively)	330		328
Treasury stock, at cost: 2,014,817 and 1,899,996 shares, respectively	( 15,322 )		( 14,514 )
Additional paid-in capital	263,641		261,371
Retained deficit	( 69,465 )		( 95,595 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	( 32,630 )		( 31,550 )
Total stockholders’ equity	146,554		120,040
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	496,042	$	470,268

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)
	(In thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	26,130	$	10,018
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	13,159		13,606

Noncash amortization of debt financing costs	227		274
Pension cash reversion	2,942		—


Share-based compensation expense	2,270		4,644
Deferred income taxes	24		( 1,118 )
Non-cash loss (income) on derivative contracts	( 695 )		30
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		921
Settlement of derivative contract	—		3,900
Change in other operating items:
Accounts receivable	( 8,069 )		( 9,193 )
Inventories	13,510		( 14,414 )
Prepaid expenses	( 2,312 )		( 1,587 )
Accounts payable	( 15,073 )		23,544
Other operating activities, net	( 2,123 )		3,169
Net cash provided by operating activities	29,990		33,794
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	( 15,196 )		( 12,541 )
Proceeds from disposal/sale of property, plant and equipment	—		16


Net cash used in investing activities	( 15,196 )		( 12,525 )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings under term loan facility	—		30,625
Repayment of term loan facility	( 7,656 )		( 4,063 )

Borrowings under revolving credit facility	25,000		65,200
Repayment of revolving credit facility	( 20,000 )		( 103,013 )


Surrender of shares to pay withholding taxes	( 808 )		( 966 )

Debt issuance and amendment costs	—		( 648 )

Other financing activities	3,995		( 166 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	531		( 13,031 )

EFFECT OF CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH	( 857 )		( 4,483 )

NET INCREASE IN CASH	14,468		3,755

CASH:
Beginning of period	31,825		34,958
End of period	$	46,293	$	38,713

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY


	Common Stock			Treasury Stock		Additional Paid In Capital		Retained Deficit		Accumulated Other Comp. Loss		Total CVG Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
	(Unaudited) (In thousands, except share amounts)
Balance - December 31, 2021	32,034,592	$	321	$	( 13,172 )	$	255,566	$	( 73,624 )	$	( 42,438 )	$	126,653
Share-based compensation expense	122,618	1		( 464 )		1,117		—		—		654
Total comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		3,982		3,112		7,094
Balance - March 31, 2022	32,157,210	$	322	$	( 13,636 )	$	256,683	$	( 69,642 )	$	( 39,326 )	$	134,401
Share-based compensation expense	290,558	3		( 448 )		1,701		—		—		1,256
Total comprehensive income (loss)	—	—		—		—		2,485		( 4,688 )		( 2,203 )
Balance - June 30, 2022	32,447,768	$	325	$	( 14,084 )	$	258,384	$	( 67,157 )	$	( 44,014 )	$	133,454
Share-based compensation expense	103,573	1		( 54 )		1,826		—		—		1,773
Total comprehensive income (loss)	—	—		—		—		3,551		( 3,017 )		534
Balance - September 30, 2022	32,551,341	$	326	$	( 14,138 )	$	260,210	$	( 63,606 )	$	( 47,031 )	$	135,761

Balance - December 31, 2022	32,826,852	$	328	$	( 14,514 )	$	261,371	$	( 95,595 )	$	( 31,550 )	$	120,040
Share-based compensation expense	164,616	2		( 764 )		1,771		—		—		1,009
Total comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		8,700		4,040		12,740
Balance - March 31, 2023	32,991,468	$	330	$	( 15,278 )	$	263,142	$	( 86,895 )	$	( 27,510 )	$	133,789
Share-based compensation expense	101,524	—		( 24 )		( 245 )		—		—		( 269 )
Total comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		10,140		100		10,240
Balance - June 30, 2023	33,092,992	$	330	$	( 15,302 )	$	262,897	$	( 76,755 )	$	( 27,410 )	$	143,760
Share-based compensation expense	15,997	—		( 20 )		744		—		—		724
Total comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		7,290		( 5,220 )		2,070
Balance - September 30, 2023	33,108,989	$	330	$	( 15,322 )	$	263,641	$	( 69,465 )	$	( 32,630 )	$	146,554

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in thousands, except for share and per share amounts and where specifically disclosed)

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market, the electric vehicle market, and the industrial automation markets. References herein to the "Company", "CVG", "we", "our", or "us" refer to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

We have manufacturing operations in the United States, Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Thailand, India, Australia and Morocco. Our products are primarily sold in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customers. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck manufacturers, many construction vehicle original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), parts and service dealers, distributors, as well as top e-commerce retailers.

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Except as disclosed within these condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements, the adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in our annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are based on management's best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. We adjust such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in these estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods.

These condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 Form 10-K"), which includes a complete set of footnote disclosures, including the Company's significant accounting policies.

2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

New accounting pronouncements that have been issued but not yet effective are currently being evaluated and at this time are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

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3. Revenue Recognition

We had outstanding customer accounts receivable, net of allowances, of $ 159.9 million as of September 30, 2023 and $ 152.6 million as of December 31, 2022. We generally do not have material other assets or liabilities associated with customer arrangements.

Revenue Disaggregation - The following is the composition, by product category, of our revenues:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Total
Seats	$	66,862	$	—	$	17,703	$	—	$	84,565
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies	657		53,862		3,273		6,632		64,424
Trim	46,255		—		1,845		—		48,100
Industrial Automation	—		—		—		6,388		6,388
Cab structures	30,158		—		612		—		30,770
Mirrors, wipers and controls	1,461		—		10,979		—		12,440
Total	$	145,393	$	53,862	$	34,412	$	13,020	$	246,687


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Total
Seats	$	77,843	$	—	$	20,080	$	—	$	97,923
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies	45		45,608		2,744		3,416		51,813
Trim	45,980		—		2,623		—		48,603
Industrial Automation	—		521		—		10,700		11,221
Cab structures	28,739		—		497		—		29,236
Mirrors, wipers and controls	1,417		—		11,199		—		12,616
Total	$	154,024	$	46,129	$	37,143	$	14,116	$	251,412


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Total
Seats	$	213,149	$	—	$	55,581	$	—	$	268,730
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies	2,255		172,236		11,042		16,477		202,010
Trim	141,206		—		6,191		—		147,397
Industrial Automation	—		—		—		15,300		15,300
Cab structures	95,876		—		2,177		—		98,053
Mirrors, wipers and controls	6,221		—		33,879		—		40,100
Total	$	458,707	$	172,236	$	108,870	$	31,777	$	771,590

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Total
Seats	$	212,956	$	—	$	56,751	$	—	$	269,707
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies	45		132,830		7,879		10,609		151,363
Trim	138,207		—		3,919		—		142,126
Industrial Automation	—		520		—		66,180		66,700
Cab structures	83,116		—		497		—		83,613
Mirrors, wipers and controls	2,642		—		30,484		—		33,126
Total	$	436,966	$	133,350	$	99,530	$	76,789	$	746,635

4. Debt

Debt consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term loan facility	$	144,844	$	152,500
Revolving credit facility	5,000		—
China credit facility	4,112		—
Unamortized issuance costs	( 52 )		( 63 )
	$	153,904	$	152,437
Less: current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt	( 18,331 )		( 10,938 )
Total long-term debt, net of current portion	$	135,573	$	141,499

Credit Agreement

On April 30, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) between, among others, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”) and other lenders party thereto (the “Lenders”) pursuant to which the Lenders made available a $ 150 million Term Loan Facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a $ 125 million Revolving Credit Facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). Subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Revolving Credit Facility includes a $ 10 million swing line sublimit and a $ 10 million letter of credit sublimit. The Credit Agreement provides for an incremental term facility agreement and/or an increase of the Revolving Credit Facility (together, the “Incremental Facilities”), in a maximum aggregate amount of (a) up to the date of receipt of financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2022, $ 75 million, and (b) thereafter, (i) $ 75 million less the aggregate principal amount of Incremental Facilities incurred before such date, plus (ii) an unlimited amount if the pro forma consolidated total leverage ratio (assuming the Incremental Facilities are fully drawn) is less than 2.50 :1.0.

On May 12, 2022, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement pursuant to which the Lenders upsized the existing Term Loan Facility to $ 175 million in aggregate principal amount and increased the Revolving Credit Facility commitments by $ 25 million to an aggregate of $ 150 million in revolving credit facility commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility includes a $ 10 million swing line sublimit and a $ 10 million letter of credit sublimit. The amended Credit Agreement provides for an incremental term facility agreement and/or an increase of the Revolving Credit Facility (together, the “Incremental Facilities”), in a maximum aggregate amount of (a) up to the date of receipt of financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2022, $ 75 million, and (b) thereafter, (i) $ 75 million less the aggregate principal amount of Incremental Facilities incurred before such date, plus (ii) an unlimited amount if the pro forma consolidated total leverage ratio (assuming the Incremental Facilities are fully drawn) is less than 2.50 :1.0. Further, separate from the Company’s annual $ 35 million capital spending cap, a one-time $ 45 million capital project basket was included in the Amendment. All other key provisions, including the $ 75 million accordion, acquisition holiday, and other baskets remain unchanged. The Credit Facilities mature on May 12, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”).

The Amendment resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $ 0.9 million, including $ 0.6 million non-cash write off relating to deferred financing costs and unamortized discount of the Term Loan Facility and $ 0.3 million of other fees associated with the Amendment, recorded in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022.

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At September 30, 2023, we had $ 5.0 million of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, outstanding letters of credit of $ 1.2 million and availability of $ 143.8 million. Combined with availability under our China Credit Facility (described below) of approximately $ 8.2 million, total consolidated availability was $ 152.0 million at September 30, 2023. The unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the Revolving Credit Facility of $ 1.1 million and $ 1.3 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, are being amortized over the remaining life of the Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2022, we had no borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and we had outstanding letters of credit of $ 1.2 million.

Interest rates and fees

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities and the commitment fee payable in connection with the Credit Facilities accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to (at the Company’s option) the base rate or the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), including a credit spread adjustment, plus a rate which will vary according to the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio as set forth in the most recent compliance certificate received by the Administrative Agent, as set out in the following table:


Pricing Tier	Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio	Commitment Fee	Letter of Credit Fee	Term SOFR Loans	Base Rate Loans
I	> 3.50 to 1.00	0.35 %	2.75 %	2.75 %	1.75 %
II	< 3.50 to 1.00 but > 2.75 to 1.00	0.30 %	2.50 %	2.50 %	1.50 %
III	< 2.75 to 1.00 but > 2.00 to 1.00	0.25 %	2.25 %	2.25 %	1.25 %
IV	< 2.00 to 1.00 but > 1.50 to 1.00	0.20 %	2.00 %	2.00 %	1.00 %
V	< 1.50 to 1.00	0.15 %	1.75 %	1.75 %	0.75 %

Guarantee and Security

All obligations under the Credit Agreement and related documents are unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company’s existing and future direct and indirect wholly owned material domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions (the “Guarantors”). All obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement and the guarantees of those obligations are secured by a first priority pledge of substantially all of the assets of the Company and of the Guarantors, subject to certain exceptions. The property pledged by the Company and the Guarantors includes a first priority pledge of all of the equity interests owned by the Company and the Guarantors in their respective domestic subsidiaries and a first priority pledge of the equity interests owned by the Company and the Guarantors in certain foreign subsidiaries, in each case, subject to certain exceptions.

Covenants and other terms

The Credit Agreement contains customary restrictive covenants, including, without limitation, limitations on the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur additional debt and guarantees; grant certain liens on assets; pay dividends or make certain other distributions; make certain investments or acquisitions; dispose of certain assets; make payments on certain indebtedness; merge, combine with any other person or liquidate; amend organizational documents; make material changes in accounting treatment or reporting practices; enter into certain restrictive agreements; enter into certain hedging agreements; engage in transactions with affiliates; enter into certain employee benefit plans; make acquisitions; and other matters customarily included in senior secured loan agreements.

The Credit Agreement also contains customary reporting and other affirmative covenants, as well as customary events of default, including, without limitation, nonpayment of obligations under the Credit Facilities when due; material inaccuracy of representations and warranties; violation of covenants in the Credit Agreement and certain other documents executed in connection therewith; breach or default of agreements related to material debt; revocation or attempted revocation of guarantees; denial of the validity or enforceability of the loan documents or failure of the loan documents to be in full force and effect; certain material judgments; certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency; certain Employee Retirement Income Securities Act events; and a change in control of the Company. Certain of the defaults are subject to exceptions, materiality qualifiers, grace periods and baskets customary for credit facilities of this type.

The Credit Agreement includes (a) a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20 :1.0, and (b) a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio of 3.75 :1.0 (which was subject to step-down to 3.50 :1.0 at the end of the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023; to 3.25 :1.0 at the end of the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023; and to 3.00 :1.0 for any fiscal quarter ending thereafter, including the quarter ended September 30, 2023).

We were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2023.

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Repayment and prepayment

The Credit Agreement requires the Company to make quarterly amortization payments to the Term Loan Facility at an annualized rate of the loans under the Term Loan Facility for every year as follows: 5.0 %, 7.5 %, 10.0 %, 12.5 % and 15.0 %. The Credit Agreement also requires all outstanding amounts under the Credit Facilities to be repaid in full on the Maturity Date. See Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, for the future minimum principal payments due on long-term debt for the next five years.

The Credit Agreement requires mandatory prepayments from the receipt of proceeds of dispositions or debt issuance, subject to certain exceptions and the Company's ability to re-invest and use proceeds towards acquisitions permitted by the Credit Agreement.

Voluntary prepayments of amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities are permitted at any time, without premium or penalty.

Foreign Facility

In the quarter ended March 31, 2023, we established a credit facility in China with availability of approximately $ 12.3 million (denominated in the local currency) consisting of a line of credit which is subject to annual renewal (the "China Credit Facility"). We utilize the China Credit Facility to meet local working capital demands, fund letters of credit and bank guarantees, and support other short-term cash requirements in our China operations. We had $ 4.1 million and $ 0.0 million outstanding under the China Credit Facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which are included in current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2023, we had $ 8.2 million of availability under the China Credit Facility.

Cash Paid for Interest

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, cash payments for interest were $ 9.9 million and $ 6.2 million, respectively.

5. Intangible Assets

Our definite-lived intangible assets were comprised of the following:


		September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Weighted- Average Amortization Period	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Trademarks/tradenames	22 years	$	11,438	$	( 5,644 )	$	5,794	$	11,487	$	( 5,377 )	$	6,110
Customer relationships	15 years	14,133		( 9,826 )		4,307		14,161		( 9,109 )		5,052
Technical know-how	5 years	9,790		( 7,913 )		1,877		9,790		( 6,445 )		3,345
Covenant not to compete	5 years	330		( 267 )		63		330		( 217 )		113
		$	35,691	$	( 23,650 )	$	12,041	$	35,768	$	( 21,148 )	$	14,620

The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $ 0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and $ 0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $ 2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and $ 2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 .

6. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels, and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

Our financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, pension assets and liabilities. The carrying value of these instruments approximates fair value as a result of the short duration of such instruments or due to the variability of the interest cost associated with such instruments.

Recurring Measurements

Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts. Our derivative assets and liabilities represent foreign exchange contracts that are measured at fair value using observable market inputs such as forward rates, interest rates, our own credit risk and counterparty credit risk. Based on the utilization of these inputs, the derivative assets and liabilities are classified as Level 2. To manage our risk for transactions denominated in Mexican Pesos and Czech Crown, we have entered into forward exchange contracts that are designated as cash flow hedge instruments, which are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The gains and losses as a result of the changes in fair value of the hedge contract for transactions denominated in Mexican Pesos are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized in cost of revenues in the period the related hedge transactions are settled. As of September 30, 2023, hedge contracts for transactions denominated in Czech Crown were not designated as a hedging instruments; therefore, they are marked-to-market and the fair value of agreements is recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with the offsetting gains and losses recognized in other (income) expense and recognized in cost of revenues in the period the related hedge transactions are settled in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Interest Rate Swaps . To manage our exposure to variable interest rates, we have entered into interest rate swaps to exchange, at a specified interval, the difference between fixed and variable interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed upon notional principal amount. The interest rate swaps are intended to mitigate the impact of rising interest rates on the Company and covers approximately 50 % of outstanding debt under the Term Loan Facility. Any changes in fair value are included in earnings or deferred through Accumulated other comprehensive loss, depending on the nature and effectiveness of the offset. Any ineffectiveness in a cash flow hedging relationship is recognized immediately in earnings in the consolidated statements of operations.

The fair values of our derivative assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis are categorized as follows:


	September 30, 2023								December 31, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	1,748	$	—	$	1,748	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swap agreement	$	2,938	$	—	$	2,938	$	—	$	1,849	$	—	$	1,849	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	356	$	—	$	356	$	—

The following table summarizes the notional amount of our open foreign exchange contracts:


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	U.S. $ Equivalent		U.S. $ Equivalent Fair Value		U.S. $ Equivalent		U.S. $ Equivalent Fair Value
Commitments to buy or sell currencies	$	13,367	$	15,121	$	55,220	$	53,847

The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation of derivatives in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	Derivative Asset
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Foreign exchange contracts	Other current assets	$	1,748	$	—

Interest rate swap agreement	Other current assets	$	2,938	$	1,849

Derivative Liability

Balance Sheet
Location

Fair Value

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2022

Foreign exchange contracts

Accrued liabilities and other

—

356

Derivative Equity

Balance Sheet
Location

Fair Value

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2022

Derivative instruments

Accumulated other comprehensive income

6,545

3,777

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2023		2022		2023		2022
	Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income (Loss)	Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income (Loss)				Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income (Loss)
Foreign exchange contracts	Cost of revenues	$	1,973	$	776	$	3,666	$	2,076
Interest rate swap agreement	Interest and other expense	$	604	$	( 67 )	$	1,611	$	( 344 )
Foreign exchange contracts	Other (income) expense	$	( 183 )	$	( 185 )	$	129	$	( 219 )

We consider the impact of our credit risk on the fair value of the contracts, as well as our ability to honor obligations under the contract.

Other Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of long-term debt obligations is based on a fair value model utilizing observable inputs. Based on these inputs, our long-term debt fair value as disclosed is classified as Level 2. The carrying amounts and fair values of our long-term debt obligations are as follows:


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Term loan and security agreement 1	$	144,792	$	141,352	$	152,437	$	143,477
Revolving credit facility	$	5,000	$	5,000	$	—	$	—

1. Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the current portion of long-term debt of $ 14.2 million and long-term debt of $ 135.6 million as of September 30, 2023 and current portion of long-term debt of $ 10.9 million and long-term debt of $ 141.5 million as of December 31, 2022.

7. Leases

The components of lease expense are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,956	$	2,484	$	7,677	$	7,612
Finance lease cost	35		29		123		176
Short-term lease cost	1,324		1,470		5,249		3,908
Total lease expense	$	4,315	$	3,983	$	13,049	$	11,696

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Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:


	Balance Sheet Location	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Operating Leases
Right-of-use assets, net	Other assets, net	$	29,391	$	26,372

Current liabilities	Accrued liabilities and other	6,765		7,421
Non-current liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	23,318		19,422
Total operating lease liabilities		$	30,083	$	26,843

Finance Leases
Right-of-use assets, net	Other assets, net	$	242	$	270

Current liabilities	Accrued liabilities and other	117		131
Non-current liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	131		139
Total finance lease liabilities		$	248	$	270

Cash payments on operating leases were $ 7.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Anticipated future lease costs, which are based in part on certain assumptions to approximate annual rental commitments under non-cancelable leases, are as follows:


	Operating		Financing		Total
Remainder of 2023	$	2,330	$	37	$	2,367
2024	9,400		117		9,517
2025	8,140		78		8,218
2026	6,179		30		6,209
2027	3,292		7		3,299
Thereafter	16,605		—		16,605
Total lease payments	$	45,946	$	269	$	46,215
Less: Imputed interest	( 15,863 )		( 21 )		( 15,884 )
Present value of lease liabilities	$	30,083	$	248	$	30,331

8. Income Taxes

We recorded a $ 2.2 million tax provision, or 23 % effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and $ 8.1 million tax provision, or 24 % effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to a $ 1.3 million and $ 3.5 million tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, or approximately 26 % effective tax rate for each period. Income tax expense is based on an estimated annual effective tax rate, which requires management to make its best estimate of annual pretax income or loss. During the year, management regularly updates forecasted annual pretax results for the various countries in which the Company operates based on changes in factors such as prices, shipments, product mix, material inflation and manufacturing operations. To the extent that actual 2023 pretax results for U.S. and foreign income or loss vary from estimates, the actual income tax expense recognized in 2023 could be different from the forecasted amount used to estimate the income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

We have recorded valuation allowances in prior years related to U.S. deferred tax assets due to multiple year cumulative losses. Given the current earnings and anticipated future earnings of our U.S. jurisdiction,we will continue to assess if there is sufficient positive evidence to allow us to reach a conclusion that the VA on US deferred taxes will no longer be needed. Releasing the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of previously unrecognized deferred tax assets and a decrease

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to income tax expense for the period the release is recorded. However, the exact timing and amount of the valuation allowance release are subject to change on the basis of the level of profitability that we are able to actually achieve.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, cash paid for taxes, net of refunds received, were $ 9.2 million and $ 4.2 million, respectively.

9. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Plans

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost related to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is as follows:


	Non-U.S. Pension Plan
	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2023		2022

Interest cost		$	359	$	187
Expected return on plan assets		( 310 )		( 244 )
Amortization of prior service cost		11		11
Recognized actuarial loss		192		142
Net cost		$	252	$	96


	Non-U.S. Pension Plan
	Nine months ended September 30,
		2023		2022

Interest cost		$	1,064	$	602
Expected return on plan assets		( 912 )		( 777 )
Amortization of prior service cost		36		37
Recognized actuarial loss		569		459
Net cost		$	757	$	321

Net periodic (benefit) cost components, not inclusive of service costs, are recognized in other (income) expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

10. Performance Awards

The following table summarizes performance awards granted in the form of cash awards under the equity incentive plans:


	Amount
Adjusted Award Value at December 31, 2022	$	2,188
New grants	2,180
Forfeitures	( 1,624 )
Adjustments	710
Payments	( 1,159 )
Adjusted Award Value at September 30, 2023	$	2,295

Unrecognized compensation expense was $ 2.8 million and $ 2.0 million as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

11. Share-Based Compensation

The company's outstanding share-based compensation is comprised solely of restricted stock awards and performance stock awards to be settled in stock.

As of September 30, 2023, there was approximately $ 3.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under our equity incentive plans. This expense is subject to future adjustments and forfeitures and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining period listed above for each grant.

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A summary of the status of our restricted stock awards as of September 30, 2023 and changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, are presented below:


	2023
	Shares (in thousands)	Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested - December 31, 2022	383	$	7.68
Granted	660	7.51
Vested	( 397 )	7.09
Forfeited	( 48 )	7.66
Nonvested - September 30, 2023	598	$	7.88

As of September 30, 2023, a total of 2.5 million shares were available for future grants from the shares authorized for award under our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, including cumulative forfeitures.

12. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock — Our authorized capital stock consists of 60,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $ 0.01 per share; of which, 33,108,989 and 32,826,852 shares were issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Preferred Stock — Our authorized capital stock also consists of 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $ 0.01 per share, with no preferred shares outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Basic earnings (loss) per share is determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share presented is determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding during the period as determined by the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when dilutive.

Diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 includes the effect of potential common shares issuable when dilutive, and is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income	$	7,290	$	3,551	$	26,130	$	10,018
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in '000s)	33,100		32,460		33,010		32,950
Dilutive effect of restricted stock grants after application of the Treasury Stock Method (in '000s)	250		462		398		695
Dilutive shares outstanding	33,350		32,922		33,408		33,645
Basic earnings per share	$	0.22	$	0.11	$	0.79	$	0.30
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.22	$	0.11	$	0.78	$	0.30

There were no outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and eight thousand outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2022. There were no outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 10 thousand outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

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13. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), are as follows:


	Foreign currency translation adjustment		Pension and post-retirement benefits plans		Derivative instruments		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance - December 31, 2022	$	( 24,811 )	$	( 11,512 )	$	4,773	$	( 31,550 )
Net current period change	( 1,946 )		( 906 )		—		( 2,852 )
Derivative instruments	—		—		1,772		1,772

Balance - September 30, 2023	$	( 26,757 )	$	( 12,418 )	$	6,545	$	( 32,630 )


	Foreign currency translation adjustment		Pension and post-retirement benefit plans		Derivative instruments		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance - December 31, 2021	$	( 20,445 )	$	( 22,750 )	$	757	$	( 42,438 )
Net current period change	( 9,689 )		1,085		—		( 8,604 )
Derivative instruments	—		—		4,011		4,011

Balance - September 30, 2022	$	( 30,134 )	$	( 21,665 )	$	4,768	$	( 47,031 )

The related tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Before Tax Amount		Tax Expense		After Tax Amount		Before Tax Amount		Tax Expense		After Tax Amount
Cumulative translation adjustment	$	( 3,452 )	$	—	$	( 3,452 )	$	( 1,946 )	$	—	$	( 1,946 )
Amortization of actuarial gain (loss)	( 900 )		1		( 899 )		( 908 )		2		( 906 )
Derivative instruments	( 1,487 )		618		( 869 )		2,199		( 427 )		1,772
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	$	( 5,839 )	$	619	$	( 5,220 )	$	( 655 )	$	( 425 )	$	( 1,080 )


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Before Tax Amount		Tax Expense		After Tax Amount		Before Tax Amount		Tax Expense		After Tax Amount
Cumulative translation adjustment	$	( 4,493 )	$	—	$	( 4,493 )	$	( 9,689 )	$	—	$	( 9,689 )
Amortization of actuarial gain	( 396 )		34		( 362 )		989		96		1,085
Derivative instruments	2,494		( 656 )		1,838		5,460		( 1,449 )		4,011
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	$	( 2,395 )	$	( 622 )	$	( 3,017 )	$	( 3,240 )	$	( 1,353 )	$	( 4,593 )

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14. Cost Reduction and Manufacturing Capacity Rationalization

The Company's restructuring program includes aligning cost structure to support margin expansion. The program includes workforce reductions and footprint optimization across segments.

The changes in accrued restructuring balances are as follows:


	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
December 31, 2022	$	( 5 )	$	—	$	—	$	458	$	—	$	453
New charges	83		8		—		622		—		713
Payments and other adjustments	( 78 )		( 8 )		—		( 369 )		—		( 455 )
March 31, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	711	$	—	$	711
New charges	340		—		—		378		—		718
Payments and other adjustments	( 340 )		—		—		( 391 )		—		( 731 )
June 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	698	$	—	$	698
New charges	—		—		—		70		—		70
Payments and other adjustments	—		—		—		( 70 )		—		( 70 )
September 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	698	$	—	$	698


	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
December 31, 2021	$	230	$	—	$	—	$	417	$	( 161 )	$	486
New charges	204		—		435		350		—		989
Payments and other adjustments	( 309 )		—		( 435 )		( 770 )		422		( 1,092 )
March 31, 2022	$	125	$	—	$	—	$	( 3 )	$	261	$	383
New charges	—		571		560		314		306		1,751
Payments and other adjustments	( 91 )		( 571 )		( 560 )		( 311 )		( 444 )		( 1,977 )
June 30, 2022	$	34	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	123	$	157
New charges	$	66	$	—	$	445	$	136	$	—	$	647
Payments and other adjustments	$	( 90 )			$	( 445 )	$	( 46 )	$	( 123 )	$	( 704 )
September 30, 2022	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	90	$	—	$	100

The $ 0.1 million costs incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2023 primarily related to headcount reductions and were recorded in cost of revenues.

Of the $ 1.5 million costs incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, $ 0.6 million primarily related to headcount reductions and $ 0.9 million related to facility exit and other costs. Substantially all costs incurred were recorded in cost of revenues.

15. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases - As disclosed in Note 7, Leases, we lease office, warehouse and manufacturing space and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements that generally require us to pay maintenance, insurance, taxes and other expenses in addition to annual rental fees. As of September 30, 2023, our equipment leases did not provide for any material guarantee of a specified portion of residual values.

Guarantees - Costs associated with guarantees are accrued when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The most likely cost to be incurred is accrued based on an evaluation of available facts; where no

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amount within a range of estimates is more likely, the minimum is accrued. As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, we had no such guarantees.

Litigation - We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including but not limited to product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses.

Management believes that the Company maintains adequate insurance and that we have established reserves for issues that are probable and estimable in amounts that are adequate to cover reasonable adverse judgments not covered by insurance. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.

Warranty - We are subject to warranty claims for products that fail to perform as expected due to design or manufacturing deficiencies. Depending on the terms under which we supply products to our customers, a customer may hold us responsible for some or all of the repair or replacement costs of defective products when the product supplied did not perform as represented. Our policy is to record provisions for estimated future customer warranty costs based on historical trends and for specific claims. These amounts, as they relate to the periods ended September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are included within accrued liabilities and other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

On July 24, 2023, one of our customers issued a voluntary safety recall related to certain wiper system components supplied by us. To the extent a loss occurs that is attributed to us, we believe that we have reasonable levels of insurance coverage to mitigate recall exposure risk. It is reasonably possible that we will incur additional losses and fees above the amount accrued for warranty claims but we cannot estimate a range of such reasonably possible losses or fees related to these claims at this time. There are no assurances, however, that settlements reached and/or adverse judgments received, if any, will not exceed amounts normally accrued.

The following presents a summary of the warranty provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:


Balance - December 31, 2022	$	1,433
Provision for warranty claims	903
Deduction for payments made and other adjustments	( 763 )
Balance - September 30, 2023	$	1,573

Debt Payments - As disclosed in Note 4, Debt, the Credit Agreement requires the Company to repay a fixed amount of principal on a quarterly basis and make voluntary prepayments that coincide with certain events.

The following table provides future minimum principal payments due on long-term debt for the next five years. The existing long-term debt agreement matures in 2027; no payments are due thereafter:


	Total
Remainder of 2023	$	3,280
2024	$	15,313
2025	$	19,688
2026	$	24,063
2027	$	87,500
Thereafter	$	—

16. Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that are evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), which is our Interim President and Chief Executive Officer. Each of these segments consists of a number of manufacturing facilities. Certain of our facilities manufacture and sell products through multiple segments. Our segments are more specifically described below.

The Vehicle Solutions segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

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• Commercial vehicle seats for the global commercial vehicle markets including heavy duty trucks, medium duty trucks, last mile delivery trucks and vans, construction and agriculture equipment in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. This segment includes a portion of the company’s activities in the electric vehicle market.

• Plastic components ("Trim") primarily for the North America commercial vehicle market and power sports markets; and Cab structures for the North American medium-duty/heavy-duty ("MD/HD") truck market.

The Electrical Systems segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

• Cable and harness assemblies for both high and low voltage applications, control boxes, dashboard assemblies and design and engineering for these applications.

• The end markets for these products are construction, agricultural, warehouse, automotive (both internal combustion and electric vehicles), truck, mining, rail and the military/ defense industries in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.

The Aftermarket & Accessories segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

• Seats and components sold into the commercial vehicle channels that provide repair and refurbishing. These channels include Original Equipment Service ("OES") centers and retail distributors, and are spread across North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.

• Commercial vehicle accessories including wipers, mirrors, and sensors. These products are sold both as Original Equipment and as repair products.

• Office seats primarily sold into the commercial and home office furniture distribution channels in Europe and Asia-Pacific.

The Industrial Automation segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

• Warehouse automation subsystems including control panels, electro-mechanical assemblies, cable assemblies, and power and communication solutions.

• The end markets for these products primarily include e-commerce, warehouse integration, transportation and the military/defense industry.

Corporate expenses consist of certain overhead and shared costs that are not directly attributable to the operations of a segment. For purposes of business segment performance measurement, some of these costs that are for the benefit of the operations are allocated based on a combination of methodologies. The costs that are not allocated to a segment are considered stewardship costs and remain at corporate in our segment reporting.

The following tables present financial information for the Company's reportable segments for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
Revenues	$	145,393	$	53,862	$	34,412	$	13,020	$	—	$	246,687
Gross profit	17,661		7,881		6,605		1,777		—		33,924
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,761		2,018		2,104		1,087		9,506		21,476

Operating income (loss)	$	10,900	$	5,863	$	4,501	$	690	$	( 9,506 )	$	12,448


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
Revenues	$	154,024	$	46,129	$	37,143	$	14,116	$	—	$	251,412
Gross profit	13,839		6,210		6,389		404		—		26,842
Selling, general & administrative expenses	4,279		1,055		1,436		1,371		9,163		17,304

Operating income (loss)	$	9,560	$	5,155	$	4,953	$	( 967 )	$	( 9,163 )	$	9,538

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
Revenues	$	458,707	$	172,236	$	108,870	$	31,777	$	—	$	771,590
Gross profit	58,035		26,524		21,620		1,355		—		107,534
Selling, general & administrative expenses	19,609		6,932		6,017		3,588		28,352		64,498
Operating income (loss)	$	38,426	$	19,592	$	15,603	$	( 2,233 )	$	( 28,352 )	$	43,036


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket and Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
Revenues	$	436,966	$	133,350	$	99,530	$	76,789	$	—	$	746,635
Gross profit	35,657		16,857		13,341		8,249		—		74,104
Selling, general & administrative expenses	18,269		3,998		4,636		4,242		18,810		49,955

Operating income (loss)	$	17,388	$	12,859	$	8,705	$	4,007	$	( 18,810 )	$	24,149

17. Other Financial Information

Items reported in inventories consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials	$	96,630	$	108,417
Work in process	14,208		17,757
Finished goods	17,354		16,368
Inventories	$	128,192	$	142,542

Items reported in property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land and buildings	$	33,645	$	32,267
Machinery and equipment	219,088		212,352
Construction in progress	7,229		7,317
Property, plant, and equipment, gross	259,962		251,936
Less accumulated depreciation	( 188,408 )		( 184,131 )
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	71,554	$	67,805

Items reported in accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following:


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Compensation and benefits	$	26,496	$	13,370
Operating lease liabilities	6,765		7,421
Taxes payable	6,673		5,092
Accrued freight	3,223		4,225
Warranty costs	1,573		1,433
Other	8,269		11,268
Accrued liabilities and other	$	52,999	$	42,809

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ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion and analysis below described material changes in financial condition and results of operations as reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Business Overview

CVG is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market, the electric vehicle market, and the industrial automation markets. We deliver real solutions to complex design, engineering and manufacturing problems while creating positive change for our customers, industries, and communities we serve.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customers. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck markets, many construction vehicle OEMs parts and service dealers distributors, as well as top e-commerce retailers.

Key Developments

During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, we established two new plant locations: one in Tangier, Morocco, and another in Aldama, Mexico. These plants are a cornerstone in our strategy of globally expanding our electrical systems business.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	246,687	$	251,412	$	(4,725)	(1.9)%

Gross profit	33,924		26,842		7,082		26.4
Selling, general and administrative expenses	21,476		17,304		4,172		24.1
Other expense	383		1,924		(1,541)		(80.1)
Interest expense	2,614		2,813		(199)		(7.1)

Provision for income taxes	2,161		1,250		911		72.9
Net income	7,290		3,551		3,739		105.3

Revenues . The decrease in consolidated revenues resulted from:

• a $0.9 million, or 0.4%, decrease in OEM and other revenues;

• a $2.7 million, or 7.4%, decrease in aftermarket and OES sales; and

• a $1.1 million, or 7.8%, decrease in industrial automation sales.

Third quarter 2023 revenues were favorably impacted by foreign currency exchange translation of $2.0 million, which is reflected in the change in revenues above. The decrease in revenues of 1.9% is due primarily to the previous year benefiting from a post-COVID backlog in Asia-Pacific. In addition, Industrial Automation and Aftermarket & Accessories segments experienced lower volumes. These reductions were partially offset by increased pricing and volume from the Electrical Systems business.

Gross Profit . Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which consists primarily of raw materials and purchased components for our products, wages and benefits for our employees and overhead expenses such as manufacturing supplies, facility rent and utilities costs related to our operations. The $7.1 million increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to price increases with customers and cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by volume decreases. Cost of revenues decreased $11.8 million, or 5.3%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $16.1 million, or 10.6%, offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $4.3 million, or 5.8%. As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 13.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 10.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A”) consist primarily of wages and benefits and other expenses such as marketing, travel, legal, audit, rent and utility costs which are not directly associated with the manufacturing of our products. SG&A expenses increased $4.2 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily as a result of increased employee salaries including an increase in incentive compensation expenses and professional service. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense was 8.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 6.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Other Expense. Other expenses decreased $1.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022 due primarily to partial settlement of the Company's U.S. Pension Plan liabilities of $1.1 million completed in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as well as favorable change in foreign currency of $0.5 million.

Interest Expense . Interest associated with our debt was $2.6 million and $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in interest expense primarily related to lower average debt balances during the respective comparative periods, offset by higher interest rates on variable rate debt.

Provision for Income Taxes. An income tax provision of $2.2 million and $1.3 million were recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to a $4.7 million increase in pre-tax income versus the prior year period.

Net Income. Net income was $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in net income is attributable to the factors noted above.

Segment Results

Vehicle Solutions Segment Results

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Vehicle Solutions Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	145,393	$	154,024	$	(8,631)	(5.6)%
Gross profit	17,661		13,839		3,822		27.6
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,761		4,279		2,482		58.0
Operating income	10,900		9,560		1,340		14.0

Revenues. The decrease in Vehicle Solutions Segment revenues was primarily as a result of high APAC sales volume in 2022 generated from COVID backlog production in region.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit was primarily attributable to price increases with customers and cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by volume decreases. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which decreased $12.5 million, or 8.9%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $15.8 million, or 15.8%, offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $3.3 million, or 8.1%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 12.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 9.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, driven by increased pricing and material & freight cost reduction improvements.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to an increase in employee benefit costs and professional service.

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Electrical Systems Segment Results

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Electrical Systems Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	53,862	$	46,129	$	7,733	16.8%
Gross profit	7,881		6,210		1,671		26.9
Selling, general & administrative expenses	2,018		1,055		963		91.3
Operating income	5,863		5,155		708		13.7

Revenues. The increase in Electrical Systems Segment revenues primarily resulted from increased sales volume, pricing and favorable foreign exchange.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to increased sales volume and pricing, partially offset by startup costs related to new facilities. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which increased $6.1 million, or 15.2%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $1.6 million, or 6.7%, and an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $4.5 million, or 27.1%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 14.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 13.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, driven by increased pricing and volume leverage.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by increased employee benefit costs and salaries including an increase in incentive compensation expenses.

Aftermarket & Accessories Segment Results

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Aftermarket & Accessories Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	34,412	$	37,143	$	(2,731)	(7.4)%
Gross profit	6,605		6,389		216		3.4
Selling, general & administrative expenses	2,104		1,436		668		46.5
Operating income	4,501		4,953		(452)		(9.1)

Revenues. The decrease in Aftermarket & Accessories Segment revenues primarily resulted from decreased volume.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to increased pricing and cost reduction. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which decreased $2.9 million, or 9.6%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $1.1 million, or 6.1%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $1.8 million, or 15.1%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 19.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 17.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in gross profit margin is primarily due to increased pricing offsetting moderating cost inflation.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by increased employee benefit costs and salaries including an increase in incentive compensation expenses.

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Industrial Automation Segment Results

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Industrial Automation Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	13,020	$	14,116	$	(1,096)	(7.8)%
Gross profit	1,777		404		1,373		339.9
Selling, general & administrative expenses	1,087		1,371		(284)		(20.7)
Operating income (loss)	690		(967)		1,657		NM 1

1. Not meaningful

Revenues. The decrease in Industrial Automation Segment revenues primarily resulted from lower sales volume due to decreased customer demand.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to profit reported from the liquidation of certain excess inventories. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which decreased $2.5 million, or 18.0%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $0.8 million, or 7.6%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $1.7 million, or 46.1%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 13.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 2.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in gross profit margin is primarily due to the previously noted the liquidation of certain excess inventories. The three months ended September 30, 2023 results include charges of $0.1 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses decreased $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	771,590	$	746,635	$	24,955	3.3%

Gross profit	107,534		74,104		33,430		45.1
Selling, general and administrative expenses	64,498		49,955		14,543		29.1
Other expense	488		2,798		(2,310)		(82.6)
Interest expense	8,308		6,892		1,416		20.5
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		921		(921)		(100.0)
Provision for income taxes	8,110		3,520		4,590		130.4
Net income	26,130		10,018		16,112		160.8

Revenues . The increase in consolidated revenues resulted from:

• a $60.6 million, or 10.6%, increase in OEM and other revenues;

• a $9.3 million, or 9.4%, increase in aftermarket and OES sales; and

• a $45.0 million, or 58.6%, decrease in industrial automation sales.

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Nine months ended 2023 revenues were unfavorably impacted by foreign currency exchange translation of $0.2 million, which is reflected in the change in revenues above. The increase in revenues is primarily driven by increased pricing to offset material cost increases and increased sales volume from the Electrical Systems business, offset by lower sales volume in the Industrial Automation segment and Aftermarket & Accessories.

Gross Profit . The $33.4 million increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to price increases with customers and cost reduction initiatives. Cost of revenues decreased $8.5 million, or 1.3%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $21.9 million, or 4.9%, offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $13.4 million, or 5.9%. As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 13.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 9.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The nine months ended September 30, 2023 results include charges of $1.4 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $14.5 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily as a result of increased employee salaries and professional services. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense was 8.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 6.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Other Expense. Other expenses decreased $2.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022 due primarily to partial settlement of the Company's U.S. Pension Plan liabilities of $1.1 million completed in three months ended September 30, 2022 as well as a favorable change in foreign currency of $1.4 million.

Interest Expense . Interest associated with our debt was $8.3 million and $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in interest expense primarily related to higher interest rates on variable rate debt, offset by lower average debt balances during the respective comparative periods.

Loss on extinguishment of debt. On May 12, 2022, the Company refinanced its long-term debt, which resulted in a loss of $0.9 million, including a $0.6 million non-cash write off relating to deferred financing costs of the Term loan facility due 2026 and $0.3 million of other associated fees.

Provision for Income Taxes. An income tax provision of $8.1 million and $3.5 million were recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to the $20.7 million increase in pre-tax income versus the prior year period.

Net Income. Net income was $26.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $10.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in net income is attributable to the factors noted above.

Segment Results

Vehicle Solutions Segment Results

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Vehicle Solutions Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	458,707	$	436,966	$	21,741	5.0%
Gross profit	58,035		35,657		22,378		62.8
Selling, general & administrative expenses	19,609		18,269		1,340		7.3

Operating income	38,426		17,388		21,038		121.0

Revenues. The increase in Vehicle Solutions Segment revenues primarily resulted from increased sales volume and increased

pricing to offset material cost increases.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit was primarily attributable to price increases with customers and cost reduction initiatives. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which decreased $0.6 million, or 0.2%, as a result of a decrease in raw

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material and purchased component costs of $10.8 million, or 3.9%, offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $10.2 million, or 8.1%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 12.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 8.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, driven by lower startup costs, improved manufacturing efficiencies, increased pricing to offset material cost inflation and freight costs. The nine months ended September 30, 2023 results include charges of $0.4 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to an increase in employee benefit costs and salaries including an increase in incentive compensation expenses.

Electrical Systems Segment Results

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Electrical Systems Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	172,236	$	133,350	$	38,886	29.2%
Gross profit	26,524		16,857		9,667		57.3
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,932		3,998		2,934		73.4

Operating income	19,592		12,859		6,733		52.4

Revenues. The increase in Electrical Systems Segment revenues resulted from sales volume, increased pricing to offset material cost pass-through and other inflationary items.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to volume leverage and increased pricing to offset material cost pass-through and other inflationary items. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which increased $29.2 million, or 25.1%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $16.5 million, or 25.4%, and an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $12.7 million, or 24.7%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 15.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 12.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, driven by volume leverage and increased pricing.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by increased headcount and quarterly incentive adjustments.

Aftermarket & Accessories Segment Results

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Aftermarket & Accessories Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	108,870	$	99,530	$	9,340	9.4%
Gross profit	21,620		13,341		8,279		62.1
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,017		4,636		1,381		29.8

Operating income	15,603		8,705		6,898		79.2

Revenues. The increase in Aftermarket & Accessories Segment revenues primarily resulted from increased pricing to offset material cost pass-through and increased sales volume.

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Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to the increased pricing to offset material cost inflation and freight costs. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which increased $1.1 million, or 1.2%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $1.9 million, or 3.5%, offset by a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $0.8 million, or 2.5%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 19.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 13.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This was primarily due to increased pricing offsetting moderating cost inflation.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses increased $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, consistent with the prior year amount on a percent of sales basis.

Industrial Automation Segment Results

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Industrial Automation Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):


	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	31,777	$	76,789	$	(45,012)	(58.6)%
Gross profit	1,355		8,249		(6,894)		(83.6)
Selling, general & administrative expenses	3,588		4,242		(654)		(15.4)

Operating (loss) income	(2,233)		4,007		(6,240)		NM 1

1. Not meaningful

Revenues. The decrease in Industrial Automation Segment revenues primarily resulted from lower sales volume due to decreased customer demand.

Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit is primarily attributable to lower sales volume. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which decreased $38.1 million, or 55.6%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $29.5 million, or 55.5%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $8.6 million, or 55.8%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 4.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to gross profit margin of 10.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 due to volume reduction and restructuring expenses. The nine months ended September 30, 2023 results include charges of $1.1 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . SG&A expenses decreased $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by overhead reduction.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had total liquidity of $198.3 million, including $46.3 million of cash and $152.0 million of availability from its U.S. and China credit facilities.

Our primary sources of liquidity as of September 30, 2023 were operating income, cash reserves and availability under our credit facilities. We believe that these sources of liquidity will provide adequate funds for our working capital needs, capital expenditures and debt service throughout the next twelve months. However, no assurance can be given that this will be the case.

As of September 30, 2023, cash of $43.5 million was held by foreign subsidiaries. The Company had a $0.9 million deferred tax liability as of September 30, 2023 for the expected future income tax implications of repatriating cash from the foreign subsidiaries for which no indefinite reinvestment assertion has been made.

Covenants and Liquidity

On May 12, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to increase its existing senior secured credit facilities to $325 million from $275 million consisting of a $175 million Term Loan A and a $150 million Revolving Credit Facility. The

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amendment provides the Company with additional capital flexibility to execute upon its transformation and growth initiatives. As part of the amended terms of the agreement, the maturity date of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities has been extended by twelve months to May 12, 2027, the interest rate decreased by 50 bps at various leverage ratios based on SOFR, and the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio increased from 3.25x to 3.75x until December 31, 2022 with a quarterly step down of 25 bps to 3.00x leverage by September 30, 2023 and the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio will remain at this level thereafter. Further, separate from the Company’s annual $35 million capital spending cap, a one-time $45 million capital project basket was included in the amendment. All other key provisions, including the $75 million accordion, acquisition holiday, and other baskets remain unchanged.

Our ability to comply with the covenants in the Credit Agreement, as discussed in Note 4, Debt, may be affected by economic or business conditions beyond our control. Based on our current forecast, we believe that we will be able to maintain compliance with the financial maintenance covenants and the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant and other covenants in the Credit Agreement for the next twelve months; however, no assurances can be given that we will be able to comply. We base our forecasts on historical experience, industry forecasts and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. If actual results are substantially different than our current forecast, we may not be able to comply with our financial covenants.

Sources and Uses of Cash


	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
	(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	29,990	$	33,794
Net cash used in investing activities	(15,196)		(12,525)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	531		(13,031)
Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash	(857)		(4,483)
Net increase in cash	$	14,468	$	3,755

Operating activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $30.0 million compared to $33.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Net cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to a smaller increase in working capital offset by the improved financial results during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Investing activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was mainly due to timing of capital expenditures of $15.2 million compared to $12.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. In 2023, we expect capital expenditures to be in the range of $20 million to $25 million.

Financing activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities was $0.5 million compared to net cash used in financing activities of $13.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is primarily attributable to $11.3 million of net repayments under our credit facilities.

Debt and Credit Facilities

The debt and credit facilities descriptions in Note 4, Debt are incorporated in this section by reference.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). For a comprehensive discussion of our significant accounting policies, see "Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies", to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Critical accounting estimates are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results. These estimates require management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to estimate matters that are inherently uncertain. We review the development, selection, and disclosure of our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Com mittee of our board of directors. For information about critical accounting estimates, see Critical Accounting Estimates in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in

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our 2022 Form 10-K. At September 30, 2023, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarter Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact, including without limitation, certain statements under “Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and located elsewhere herein regarding industry outlook, the Company’s expectations for future periods with respect to its plans to improve financial results, the future of the Company’s end markets, changes in the Class 8 and Class 5-7 North America truck build rates, performance of the global construction equipment business, the Company’s prospects in the wire harness, warehouse automation and electric vehicle markets, the Company’s initiatives to address customer needs, organic growth, the Company’s strategic plans and plans to focus on certain segments, competition faced by the Company, volatility in and disruption to the global economic environment, including inflation and labor shortages, financial covenant compliance, anticipated effects of acquisitions, production of new products, plans for capital expenditures and our results of operations or financial position and liquidity, may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believe”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “expect”, “intend”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “would”, “project”, “continue”, “likely”, and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The important factors discussed in “Item 1A - Risk Factors”, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made herein and presented elsewhere by management from time to time. Such forward-looking statements represent management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. Investors are warned that actual results may differ from management’s expectations. Additionally, various economic and competitive factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, factors which are outside our control.

Any forward-looking statement that we make in this report speaks only as of the date of such statement, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision to any of those statements to reflect future events or developments. Comparisons of results for current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends or indications of future performance, unless specifically expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data.

ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

For information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see the discussion under "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in our 2022 Form 10-K. As of September 30, 2023 , there have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk from those disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.

ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures . Our senior management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

We evaluated, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2023. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2023 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls . Our management, including our Interim President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated,

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can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of error or mistake. Controls also can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1 Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, stockholders' equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.

ITEM 1A Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the information in this Form 10-Q, the risk factors discussed in "Risk Factors" and other risks discussed in our 2022 Form 10-K and our filings with the SEC since December 31, 2022. These risks could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows. Our business also could be affected by risks that we are not presently aware of or that we currently consider immaterial to our operations.

ITEM 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

We did not sell any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We did not repurchase any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

ITEM 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

ITEM 4 Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

ITEM 5 Other Information

Neither the Company nor any of our officers or directors adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement as defined by Item 408(a) and Item 408(d) of Regulation S-K during the last fiscal quarter.

ITEM 6 Exhibits




31.1			302 Certification by Robert C. Griffin, Interim President and Chief Executive Officer.
31.2			302 Certification by Andy Cheung, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
32.1			Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2			Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101			Interactive Data Files

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.

Date:

November 9, 2023

/s/ Andy Cheung

Chung Kin Cheung ("Andy Cheung")

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Date:

November 9, 2023

/s/ Angela M. O'Leary

Angela M. O'Leary

Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

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Part I. Financial Information Item 1 Financial Statements Item 2 Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 4 Controls and Procedures Part II. Other Information Item 1 Legal Proceedings Item 1A Risk Factors Item 2 Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceeds Item 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures Item 5 Other Information Item 6 Exhibits

Exhibits

31.1 302 Certification by Robert C. Griffin, Interim President and Chief Executive Officer. 31.2 302 Certification by Andy Cheung, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. 32.1 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 32.2 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

CVGI 10-Q Quarter ended Sept. 30, 2023

Exhibits