F 10-Q Quarterly Report March 31, 2016

FORD MOTOR CO

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10-Q 1 f0331201610-q.htm 10-Q 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q



(Mark One)
R	Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

	For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016

	or

o	Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

	For the transition period from __________ to __________

	Commission file number 1-3950

Ford Motor Company

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware	38-0549190
(State of incorporation)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One American Road, Dearborn, Michigan	48126
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

313-322-3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes R No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes R No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer R Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No R

As of April 21 2016, Ford had outstanding 3,901,983,082 shares of Common Stock and 70,852,076 shares of Class B Stock.

Exhibit Index begins on page

FORD MOTOR COMPANY

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2016



	Table of Contents	Page
	Part I - Financial Information
Item 1	Financial Statements	1
	Consolidated Income Statement	1
	Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income	1
	Sector Income Statement	2
	Consolidated Balance Sheet	3
	Sector Balance Sheet	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows	5
	Condensed Sector Statement of Cash Flows	6
	Consolidated Statement of Equity	7
	Notes to the Financial Statements	8
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	26
Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
	Results of Operations	27
	Automotive Sector	30
	Financial Services Sector	42
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	46
	Production Volumes	54
	Outlook	55
	Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted	59
	Other Financial Information	59
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	59
	Automotive Sector	59
	Financial Services Sector	59
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	60

	Part II - Other Information
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	61
Item 6	Exhibits	61
	Signature	62
	Exhibit Index	63

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements.

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

(in millions, except per share amounts)



	For the periods ended March 31,
	2016		2015
	First Quarter
	(unaudited)
Revenues
Automotive	$	35,257	$	31,800
Financial Services	2,461		2,100
Total revenues	37,718		33,900

Costs and expenses
Automotive cost of sales	30,281		28,472
Selling, administrative, and other expenses	3,823		3,465
Financial Services interest expense	658		647
Financial Services provision for credit and insurance losses	141		73
Total costs and expenses	34,903		32,657

Automotive interest expense	200		165

Automotive interest income and other income/(loss), net (Note 12)	404		190
Financial Services other income/(loss), net (Note 12)	91		74
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	541		437
Income before income taxes	3,651		1,779
Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes	1,196		625
Net income	2,455		1,154
Less: Income/(Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	3		1
Net income attributable to Ford Motor Company	$	2,452	$	1,153

EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO FORD MOTOR COMPANY COMMON AND CLASS B STOCK (Note 14)
Basic income	$	0.62	$	0.29
Diluted income	0.61		0.29

Cash dividends declared	0.40		0.15

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in millions)



	For the periods ended March 31,
	2016			2015
	First Quarter
	(unaudited)
Net income	$	2,455		$	1,154
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax (Note 11)
Foreign currency translation	(64		)	103
Marketable securities	6			—
Derivative instruments	246			(90		)
Pension and other postretirement benefits	22			(148		)
Total other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	210			(135		)
Comprehensive income	2,665			1,019
Less: Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	2			1
Comprehensive income attributable to Ford Motor Company	$	2,663		$	1,018

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

SECTOR INCOME STATEMENT

(in millions)



	For the periods ended March 31,
	2016		2015
	First Quarter
	(unaudited)
AUTOMOTIVE
Revenues	$	35,257	$	31,800
Costs and expenses
Cost of sales	30,281		28,472
Selling, administrative, and other expenses	2,562		2,472
Total costs and expenses	32,843		30,944

Interest expense	200		165

Interest income and other income/(loss), net (Note 12)	404		190
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	534		429
Income before income taxes — Automotive	3,152		1,310

FINANCIAL SERVICES
Revenues	2,461		2,100
Costs and expenses
Interest expense	658		647
Depreciation on vehicles subject to operating leases	1,014		816
Operating and other expenses	247		177
Provision for credit and insurance losses	141		73
Total costs and expenses	2,060		1,713

Other income/(loss), net (Note 12)	91		74
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	7		8
Income before income taxes — Financial Services	499		469

TOTAL COMPANY
Income before income taxes	3,651		1,779
Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes	1,196		625
Net income	2,455		1,154
Less: Income/(Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	3		1
Net income attributable to Ford Motor Company	$	2,452	$	1,153

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

(in millions)



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 3)	$	15,917		$	14,272
Marketable securities (Note 3)	23,556			20,904
Finance receivables, net (Note 4)	94,280			90,691
Other receivables, net	11,252			11,284
Net investment in operating leases	28,234			27,093
Inventories (Note 6)	9,770			8,319
Equity in net assets of affiliated companies	3,820			3,224
Net property	31,164			30,163
Deferred income taxes	10,579			11,509
Other assets	8,716			7,466
Total assets	$	237,288		$	224,925

LIABILITIES
Payables	$	22,072		$	20,272
Other liabilities and deferred revenue (Note 7)	43,949			42,546
Automotive debt (Note 9)	13,022			12,839
Financial Services debt (Note 9)	127,973			120,015
Deferred income taxes	556			502
Total liabilities	207,572			196,174

Redeemable noncontrolling interest	95			94

EQUITY
Capital stock
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (3,974 million shares issued of 6 billion authorized)	40			40
Class B Stock, par value $.01 per share (71 million shares issued of 530 million authorized)	1			1
Capital in excess of par value of stock	21,454			21,421
Retained earnings	15,278			14,414
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (Note 11)	(6,046		)	(6,257		)
Treasury stock	(1,122		)	(977		)
Total equity attributable to Ford Motor Company	29,605			28,642
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests	16			15
Total equity	29,621			28,657
Total liabilities and equity	$	237,288		$	224,925

The following table includes assets to be used to settle liabilities of the consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”). These assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated balance sheet above.



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,602	$	3,949
Finance receivables, net	50,035		45,902
Net investment in operating leases	13,273		13,309
Other assets	51		85
LIABILITIES
Other liabilities and deferred revenue	$	26	$	19
Debt	43,258		43,086

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

SECTOR BALANCE SHEET (in millions)



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
ASSETS	(unaudited)
Automotive
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 3)	$	5,567		$	5,386
Marketable securities (Note 3)	18,684			18,181
Total cash and marketable securities	24,251			23,567
Receivables, less allowances of $366 and $372	5,423			5,173
Inventories (Note 6)	9,770			8,319
Deferred income taxes	2,443			3,664
Other current assets	1,791			1,851
Total current assets	43,678			42,574
Equity in net assets of affiliated companies	3,682			3,091
Net property	31,014			30,021
Net investment in operating leases	2,346			2,014
Deferred income taxes	11,409			10,687
Other assets	4,134			3,572
Total Automotive assets	96,263			91,959
Financial Services
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 3)	10,350			8,886
Marketable securities (Note 3)	4,872			2,723
Finance receivables, net (Note 4)	99,369			96,063
Net investment in operating leases	25,888			25,079
Equity in net assets of affiliated companies	138			133
Other assets	3,823			3,059
Receivable from Automotive	1,480			1,083
Total Financial Services assets	145,920			137,026
Intersector elimination	(1,480		)	(1,083		)
Total assets	$	240,703		$	227,902
LIABILITIES
Automotive
Payables	$	20,887		$	19,168
Other liabilities and deferred revenue (Note 7)	19,307			17,992
Deferred income taxes	130			13
Debt payable within one year (Note 9)	1,941			1,779
Current payable to Financial Services	874			694
Total current liabilities	43,139			39,646
Long-term debt (Note 9)	11,081			11,060
Other liabilities and deferred revenue (Note 7)	22,841			22,732
Deferred income taxes	302			287
Non-current payable to Financial Services	606			389
Total Automotive liabilities	77,969			74,114
Financial Services
Payables	1,185			1,104
Debt (Note 9)	127,973			120,015
Deferred income taxes	3,539			3,179
Other liabilities and deferred income (Note 7)	1,801			1,822
Total Financial Services liabilities	134,498			126,120
Intersector elimination	(1,480		)	(1,083		)
Total liabilities	210,987			199,151

Redeemable noncontrolling interest	95			94

EQUITY
Capital stock
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (3,974 million shares issued of 6 billion authorized)	40			40
Class B Stock, par value $.01 per share (71 million shares issued of 530 million authorized)	1			1
Capital in excess of par value of stock	21,454			21,421
Retained earnings	15,278			14,414
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (Note 11)	(6,046		)	(6,257		)
Treasury stock	(1,122		)	(977		)
Total equity attributable to Ford Motor Company	29,605			28,642
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests	16			15
Total equity	29,621			28,657
Total liabilities and equity	$	240,703		$	227,902

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)



	For the periods ended March 31,
	2016			2015
	First Quarter
	(unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities	$	4,092		$	2,413

Cash flows from investing activities
Capital spending	(1,511		)	(1,800		)
Acquisitions of finance receivables and operating leases	(12,677		)	(12,257		)
Collections of finance receivables and operating leases	9,674			9,251
Purchases of marketable securities	(8,231		)	(11,711		)
Sales and maturities of marketable securities	5,679			11,327
Settlements of derivatives	104			113
Other	(13		)	117
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities	(6,975		)	(4,960		)

Cash flows from financing activities
Cash dividends	(1,588		)	(593		)
Purchases of Common Stock	(145		)	—
Net changes in short-term debt	(121		)	488
Proceeds from issuance of other debt	15,623			13,624
Principal payments on other debt	(9,431		)	(8,686		)
Other	(2		)	(249		)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	4,336			4,584

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	192			(426		)

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	1,645		$	1,611

Cash and cash equivalents at January 1	$	14,272		$	10,757
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	1,645			1,611
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31	$	15,917		$	12,368

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED SECTOR STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)



	For the periods ended March 31,
	2016						2015
	First Quarter
	Automotive			Financial Services			Automotive			Financial Services
	(unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities (a)	$	3,567		$	1,611		$	1,006		$	1,724

Cash flows from investing activities
Capital spending	(1,497		)	(14		)	(1,786		)	(14		)
Acquisitions of finance receivables and operating leases (excluding wholesale and other)	—			(12,677		)	—			(12,257		)
Collections of finance receivables and operating leases (excluding wholesale and other)	—			9,674			—			9,251
Net change in wholesale and other receivables (b)	—			(1,962		)	—			(973		)
Purchases of marketable securities	(5,649		)	(2,582		)	(7,161		)	(4,550		)
Sales and maturities of marketable securities	5,226			453			9,785			1,542
Settlements of derivatives	117			(13		)	70			43
Other	4			(17		)	44			73
Investing activity (to)/from Financial Services (c)	124			—			39			—
Interest supplements and residual value support from Automotive (a)	—			876			—			656
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities	(1,675		)	(6,262		)	991			(6,229		)

Cash flows from financing activities
Cash dividends	(1,588		)	—			(593		)	—
Purchases of Common Stock	(145		)	—			—			—
Net changes in short-term debt	113			(234		)	49			439
Proceeds from issuance of other debt	13			15,610			172			13,452
Principal payments on other debt	(215		)	(9,216		)	(778		)	(7,908		)
Other	42			(44		)	(213		)	(36		)
Financing activity to/(from) Automotive (c)	—			(124		)	—			(39		)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	(1,780		)	5,992			(1,363		)	5,908

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	69			123			(127		)	(299		)

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	181		$	1,464		$	507		$	1,104

Cash and cash equivalents at January 1	$	5,386		$	8,886		$	4,567		$	6,190
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	181			1,464			507			1,104
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31	$	5,567		$	10,350		$	5,074		$	7,294

_________


(a)	Operating activities include outflows of $876 million and $656 million for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, of interest supplements and residual value support to Financial Services. Interest supplements and residual value support from Automotive to Financial Services are eliminated in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.


(b)	Reclassified to operating activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.


(c)	Eliminated in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY

(in millions, unaudited)



	Equity Attributable to Ford Motor Company
	Capital Stock		Cap. in Excess of Par Value of Stock		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) (Note 11)			Treasury Stock			Total			Equity Attributable to Non-controlling Interests			Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	41	$	21,421	$	14,414		$	(6,257	)	$	(977	)	$	28,642		$	15		$	28,657
Net income	—		—		2,452			—			—			2,452			3			2,455
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	—		—		—			211			—			211			(1		)	210
Common stock issued (including share-based compensation impacts)	—		33		—			—			—			33			—			33
Treasury stock/other	—		—		—			—			(145		)	(145		)	(1		)	(146		)
Cash dividends declared	—		—		(1,588		)	—			—			(1,588		)	—			(1,588		)
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	41	$	21,454	$	15,278		$	(6,046	)	$	(1,122	)	$	29,605		$	16		$	29,621

Balance at December 31, 2014	$	40	$	21,089	$	9,422		$	(5,265	)	$	(848	)	$	24,438		$	27		$	24,465
Net income	—		—		1,153			—			—			1,153			1			1,154
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	—		—		—			(135		)	—			(135		)	—			(135		)
Common stock issued (including share-based compensation impacts)	1		184		—			—			—			185			—			185
Treasury stock/other	—		—		—			—			—			—			(1		)	(1		)
Cash dividends declared	—		—		(593		)	—			—			(593		)	—			(593		)
Balance at March 31, 2015	$	41	$	21,273	$	9,982		$	(5,400	)	$	(848	)	$	25,048		$	27		$	25,075

The accompanying notes are part of the financial statements.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Table of Contents



Footnote		Page
Note 1	Presentation	9
Note 2	New Accounting Standards	10
Note 3	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities	11
Note 4	Financial Services Sector Finance Receivables	12
Note 5	Financial Services Sector Allowance for Credit Losses	15
Note 6	Inventories	16
Note 7	Other Liabilities and Deferred Revenue	16
Note 8	Retirement Benefits	17
Note 9	Debt	18
Note 10	Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities	19
Note 11	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)	21
Note 12	Other Income/(Loss)	22
Note 13	Income Taxes	22
Note 14	Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share	22
Note 15	Segment Information	23
Note 16	Commitments and Contingencies	23

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. PRESENTATION

Our financial statements are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. We show certain of our financial statements on both a consolidated and a sector basis for our Automotive and Financial Services sectors. Intercompany items have been eliminated in both the consolidated and sector balance sheets. Where the presentation of these intercompany eliminations or consolidated adjustments differs between the consolidated and sector financial statements, reconciliations of certain line items are explained below in this Note or in the related financial statements and footnotes.

In the opinion of management, these unaudited financial statements reflect a fair statement of the results of operations and financial condition of Ford Motor Company, its consolidated subsidiaries, and consolidated VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary for the periods and at the dates presented. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. Reference should be made to the financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (“ 2015 Form 10-K Report”). For purposes of this report, “Ford,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or similar references mean Ford Motor Company, our consolidated subsidiaries, and our consolidated VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary, unless the context requires otherwise.

We reclassified certain prior year amounts in our consolidated financial statements to conform to current year presentation.

Reconciliations between Consolidated and Sector Financial Statements

Sector to Consolidated Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities. The difference between the total assets and total liabilities as presented on our sector balance sheet and consolidated balance sheet is the result of netting deferred income tax assets and liabilities. The reconciliation between the totals for the sector and consolidated balance sheets was as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
Sector balance sheet presentation of deferred income tax assets
Automotive sector current deferred income tax assets	$	2,443		$	3,664
Automotive sector non-current deferred income tax assets	11,409			10,687
Financial Services sector deferred income tax assets (a)	142			135
Total	13,994			14,486
Reclassification for netting of deferred income taxes	(3,415		)	(2,977		)
Consolidated balance sheet presentation of deferred income tax assets	$	10,579		$	11,509

Sector balance sheet presentation of deferred income tax liabilities
Automotive sector current deferred income tax liabilities	$	130		$	13
Automotive sector non-current deferred income tax liabilities	302			287
Financial Services sector deferred income tax liabilities	3,539			3,179
Total	3,971			3,479
Reclassification for netting of deferred income taxes	(3,415		)	(2,977		)
Consolidated balance sheet presentation of deferred income tax liabilities	$	556		$	502

__________


(a)	Included in Financial Services Other assets on our sector balance sheet.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 2. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

We adopted the following standards during 2016 , none of which have a material impact to our financial statements or financial statement disclosures:



Standard		Effective Date
2015-16	Business Combinations - Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments	January 1, 2016
2015-09	Insurance - Disclosures about Short-Duration Contracts	January 1, 2016
2015-05	Internal-Use Software - Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement	January 1, 2016
2015-02	Consolidation - Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis	January 1, 2016
2015-01	Extraordinary and Unusual Items - Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items	January 1, 2016
2014-12	Stock Compensation - Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period	January 1, 2016

Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-09, Stock Compensation - Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting . In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a new accounting standard which simplifies accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences and the classification of the tax impact on the statement of cash flows . The new standard is effective as of January 1, 2017, and early adoption is permitted. We are assessing the potential impact to our financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2016-02, Leases . In February 2016, the FASB issued a new accounting standard which provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leases. The new standard supersedes present U.S. GAAP guidance on leases and requires substantially all leases to be reported on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, as well as additional disclosures. The new standard is effective as of January 1, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. We are assessing the potential impact to our financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2014-09, Revenue - Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In May 2014, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that requires recognition of revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard supersedes U.S. GAAP guidance on revenue recognition and requires the use of more estimates and judgments than the present standards, as well as additional disclosures. The FASB has issued several updates to the standard which i) defer the original effective date from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2018, while allowing for early adoption as of January 1, 2017 (ASU 2015-14); ii) clarify the application of the principal versus agent guidance (ASU 2016-08); and iii) clarify the guidance on inconsequential and perfunctory promises and licensing (ASU 2016-10). The new accounting standard will impact the timing of when certain arrangements are recognized as revenue as we move from a risk and rewards model to a control model. The new standard will also require a change in classification between revenue and costs relating to certain performance obligations within our sales arrangements. We are reviewing the method of adoption.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 3. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES

The following tables categorize the fair values of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis on our balance sheet (in millions):



	Fair Value Level	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Automotive Sector
Cash and cash equivalents
U.S. government	1	$	—	$	115
U.S. government agencies	2	109		22
Non-U.S. government and agencies	2	77		173
Corporate debt	2	130		20
Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents		316		330
Cash, time deposits, and money market funds		5,251		5,056
Total cash and cash equivalents		$	5,567	$	5,386

Marketable securities
U.S. government	1	$	3,088	$	1,623
U.S. government agencies	2	4,752		5,240
Non-U.S. government and agencies	2	6,917		7,451
Corporate debt	2	3,323		3,279
Equities	1	257		240
Other marketable securities	2	347		348
Total marketable securities		$	18,684	$	18,181

Financial Services Sector
Cash and cash equivalents
U.S. government	1	$	450	$	—
U.S. government agencies	2	25		—
Non-U.S. government and agencies	2	500		266
Corporate debt	2	50		—
Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents		1,025		266
Cash, time deposits, and money market funds		9,325		8,620
Total cash and cash equivalents		$	10,350	$	8,886

Marketable securities
U.S. government	1	$	1,594	$	298
U.S. government agencies	2	1,746		1,169
Non-U.S. government and agencies	2	1,194		832
Corporate debt	2	294		384
Other marketable securities	2	44		40
Total marketable securities		$	4,872	$	2,723

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 4. FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR FINANCE RECEIVABLES

Our Financial Services sector, primarily Ford Credit, manages finance receivables as “consumer” and “non-consumer” portfolios. The receivables are generally secured by the vehicles, inventory, or other property being financed.

Finance receivables, net were as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
Consumer
Retail financing, gross	$	63,185		$	62,068
Unearned interest supplements	(2,231		)	(2,119		)
Consumer finance receivables	60,954			59,949
Non-Consumer
Dealer financing	37,791			35,529
Other financing	1,034			958
Non-Consumer finance receivables	38,825			36,487
Total recorded investment	$	99,779		$	96,436

Recorded investment in finance receivables	$	99,779		$	96,436
Allowance for credit losses	(410		)	(373		)
Finance receivables, net (a)	$	99,369		$	96,063

Net finance receivables subject to fair value (b)	$	97,379		$	94,248
Fair value	98,771			95,420

__________


(a)	On the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , $5.1 billion and $5.4 billion , respectively, are reclassified to Other receivables, net, resulting in Finance receivables, net of $94.3 billion and $90.7 billion , respectively.


(b)	At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , excludes $2 billion and $1.8 billion , respectively, of certain receivables (primarily direct financing leases) that are not subject to fair value disclosure requirements. The fair value of finance receivables is categorized within Level 3 of the hierarchy.

Excluded from finance receivables at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , was $219 million and $209 million , respectively, of accrued uncollected interest, which we report in Other assets on the balance sheet.

Included in the recorded investment in finance receivables at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were consumer receivables of $30.7 billion and $27.6 billion , respectively, and non-consumer receivables of $26.8 billion and $26.1 billion , respectively, that have been sold for legal purposes in securitization transactions but continue to be reported in our consolidated financial statements. The receivables are available only for payment of the debt issued by, and other obligations of, the securitization entities that are parties to those securitization transactions; they are not available to pay the other obligations or the claims of Ford Credit’s other creditors. Ford Credit holds the right to receive the excess cash flows not needed to pay the debt issued by, and other obligations of, the securitization entities that are parties to those securitization transactions.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 4. FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR FINANCE RECEIVABLES (Continued)

Aging

For all finance receivables, we define “past due” as any payment, including principal and interest, that is at least 31 days past the contractual due date. The recorded investment of consumer receivables greater than 90 days past due and still accruing interest was $16 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . The recorded investment of non-consumer receivables greater than 90 days past due and still accruing interest was $1 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 .

The aging analysis of our finance receivables balances were as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Consumer
31-60 days past due	$	611	$	708
61-90 days past due	81		108
91-120 days past due	27		27
Greater than 120 days past due	40		38
Total past due	759		881
Current	60,195		59,068
Consumer finance receivables	60,954		59,949

Non-Consumer
Total past due	104		117
Current	38,721		36,370
Non-Consumer finance receivables	38,825		36,487
Total recorded investment	$	99,779	$	96,436

Credit Quality

Consumer Portfolio. Credit quality ratings for consumer receivables are based on aging. Refer to the aging table above.

Consumer receivables credit quality ratings are as follows:


•	Pass – current to 60 days past due


•	Special Mention – 61 to 120 days past due and in intensified collection status


•	Substandard – greater than 120 days past due and for which the uncollectible portion of the receivables has already been charged off, as measured using the fair value of collateral less costs to sell

Non-Consumer Portfolio. Dealers are assigned to one of four groups according to risk ratings as follows:


•	Group I – strong to superior financial metrics


•	Group II – fair to favorable financial metrics


•	Group III – marginal to weak financial metrics


•	Group IV – poor financial metrics, including dealers classified as uncollectible

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 4. FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR FINANCE RECEIVABLES (Continued)

The credit quality analysis of our dealer financing receivables was as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Dealer Financing
Group I	$	28,606	$	26,560
Group II	7,204		7,175
Group III	1,853		1,683
Group IV	128		111
Total recorded investment	$	37,791	$	35,529

Impaired Receivables

Impaired consumer receivables include accounts that have been rewritten or modified in reorganization proceedings pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code that are considered to be troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”), as well as all accounts greater than 120 days past due. Impaired non-consumer receivables represent accounts with dealers that have weak or poor financial metrics or dealer financing that has been modified in TDRs. The recorded investment of consumer receivables that were impaired at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $373 million , or 0.6% of consumer receivables, and $375 million , or 0.6% of consumer receivables, respectively. The recorded investment of non-consumer receivables that were impaired at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $149 million , or 0.4% of non-consumer receivables, and $134 million , or 0.4% of non-consumer receivables, respectively. Impaired finance receivables are evaluated both collectively and specifically.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 5. FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

An analysis of the allowance for credit losses related to finance receivables for the periods ended March 31 was as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter 2016
	Consumer			Non-Consumer		Total
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance	$	357		$	16	$	373
Charge-offs	(102		)	1		(101		)
Recoveries	29			1		30
Provision for credit losses	102			1		103
Other (a)	4			1		5
Ending balance (b)	$	390		$	20	$	410

Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses
Collective impairment allowance	$	371		$	13	$	384
Specific impairment allowance	19			7		26
Ending balance (b)	390			20		410

Analysis of ending balance of finance receivables
Collectively evaluated for impairment	60,581			38,676		99,257
Specifically evaluated for impairment	373			149		522
Recorded investment	60,954			38,825		99,779

Ending balance, net of allowance for credit losses	$	60,564		$	38,805	$	99,369

__________


(a)	Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments.


(b)	Total allowance, including reserves for operating leases, was $463 million .



	First Quarter 2015
	Consumer			Non-Consumer			Total
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance	$	305		$	16		$	321
Charge-offs	(80		)	1			(79		)
Recoveries	30			2			32
Provision for credit losses	53			(4		)	49
Other (a)	(7		)	(2		)	(9		)
Ending balance (b)	$	301		$	13		$	314

Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses
Collective impairment allowance	$	280		$	12		$	292
Specific impairment allowance	21			1			22
Ending balance (b)	301			13			314

Analysis of ending balance of finance receivables
Collectively evaluated for impairment	53,135			32,356			85,491
Specifically evaluated for impairment	396			126			522
Recorded investment	53,531			32,482			86,013

Ending balance, net of allowance for credit losses	$	53,230		$	32,469		$	85,699

__________


(a)	Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments.


(b)	Total allowance, including reserves for operating leases, was $355 million .

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 6. INVENTORIES

All inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost for a substantial portion of U.S. inventories is determined on a last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) basis. LIFO was used for 31% and 27% of total inventories at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. Cost of other inventories is determined by costing methods that approximate a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis.

Inventories were as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
Raw materials, work-in-process, and supplies	$	4,356		$	4,005
Finished products	6,367			5,254
Total inventories under FIFO	10,723			9,259
LIFO adjustment	(953		)	(940		)
Total inventories	$	9,770		$	8,319

NOTE 7. OTHER LIABILITIES AND DEFERRED REVENUE

Other liabilities and deferred revenue were as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Automotive Sector
Current
Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims	$	9,013	$	8,122
Deferred revenue	5,020		4,559
Employee benefit plans	1,526		1,528
Accrued interest	233		255
Other postretirement employee benefits (“OPEB”)	358		354
Pension (a)	266		248
Other	2,891		2,926
Total Automotive other liabilities and deferred revenue	19,307		17,992
Non-current
Pension (a)	9,483		9,541
OPEB	5,411		5,347
Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims	2,734		2,731
Deferred revenue	2,989		2,833
Employee benefit plans	1,043		1,041
Other	1,181		1,239
Total Automotive other liabilities and deferred revenue	22,841		22,732
Total Automotive sector	42,148		40,724
Financial Services Sector	1,801		1,822
Total Company	$	43,949	$	42,546

__________


(a)	Balances at March 31, 2016 reflect net pension liabilities at December 31, 2015 , updated for service and interest cost, expected return on assets, separation expense, actual benefit payments, and cash contributions. The discount rate and rate of expected return assumptions are unchanged from year-end 2015 .

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 8. RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Defined Benefit Plans - Expense

The pre-tax expense for our defined benefit pension and OPEB plans for the periods ended March 31 was as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter
	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans						Worldwide OPEB
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016			2015
Service cost	$	128		$	147		$	118		$	135		$	12		$	15
Interest cost	381			454			195			239			48			60
Expected return on assets	(673		)	(732		)	(339		)	(375		)	—			—
Amortization of prior service costs/(credits)	42			39			10			12			(35		)	(51		)
Net remeasurement (gain)/loss	—			—			—			—			—			—
Separation programs/other	—			2			7			7			—			—
Settlements and curtailments	—			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic benefit cost/(income)	$	(122	)	$	(90	)	$	(9	)	$	18		$	25		$	24

Beginning in 2016, we changed the method used to estimate the service and interest costs for pension and OPEB plans that utilize a yield curve approach. We now apply the specific spot rates along the yield curve to the relevant cash flows instead of using a single effective discount rate. Service and interest costs in the first quarter were about $145 million lower with the new method than they would have been under the prior method.

Pension Plan Contributions

During 2016 , we expect to contribute about $1.5 billion from Automotive cash and cash equivalents to our worldwide funded pension plans (including discretionary contributions of about $400 million ), and to make about $300 million of benefit payments to participants in unfunded plans, for a total of about $1.8 billion . In the first three months of 2016 , we contributed about $400 million to our worldwide funded pension plans and made about $100 million of benefit payments to participants in unfunded plans.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 9. DEBT

The carrying value of Automotive sector and Financial Services sector debt was as follows (in millions):



Automotive Sector	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
Debt payable within one year
Short-term	$	977		$	818
Long-term payable within one year
U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (“ATVM”) Incentive Program	591			591
Other debt	373			370
Total debt payable within one year	1,941			1,779
Long-term debt payable after one year
Public unsecured debt securities	6,594			6,594
DOE ATVM Incentive Program	3,095			3,242
Other debt	1,868			1,696
Adjustments
Unamortized (discount)/premium	(417		)	(412		)
Unamortized issuance costs	(59		)	(60		)
Total long-term debt payable after one year	11,081			11,060
Total Automotive sector	$	13,022		$	12,839

Fair value of Automotive sector debt (a)	$	14,669		$	14,199

Financial Services Sector
Short-term debt
Unsecured debt	$	10,850		$	10,268
Asset-backed debt	1,064			1,855
Total short-term debt	11,914			12,123
Long-term debt
Unsecured debt
Notes payable within one year	13,655			10,241
Notes payable after one year	52,756			49,193
Asset-backed debt
Notes payable within one year	20,231			18,855
Notes payable after one year	28,638			29,390
Adjustments
Unamortized (discount)/premium	(27		)	(29		)
Unamortized issuance costs	(240		)	(216		)
Fair value adjustments (b)	1,046			458
Total long-term debt	116,059			107,892
Total Financial Services sector	$	127,973		$	120,015

Fair value of Financial Services sector debt (a)	$	129,429		$	121,170

__________


(a)	The fair value of debt includes $676 million and $560 million of Automotive sector short-term debt and $10.8 billion and $10.3 billion of Financial Services sector short-term debt at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, carried at cost, which approximates fair value. All other debt is categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.


(b)	Adjustments related to designated fair value hedges of unsecured debt.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 10. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, certain commodity prices, and interest rates. To manage these risks, we enter into highly effective derivative contracts. We have elected to apply hedge accounting to certain derivatives. Derivatives that are designated in hedging relationships are evaluated for effectiveness using regression analysis at the time they are designated and throughout the hedge period. Some derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting; for others, we elect not to apply hedge accounting.

Income Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments

The gains/(losses), by hedge designation, recorded in income for the periods ended March 31 were as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Automotive Sector
Cash flow hedges (a)
Reclassified from AOCI to net income	$	87		$	(46	)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency exchange contracts	(172		)	261
Commodity contracts	(5		)	(10		)
Total	$	(90	)	$	205

Financial Services Sector
Fair value hedges
Interest rate contracts
Net interest settlements and accruals excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness	$	99		$	88
Ineffectiveness (b)	17			6
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts	(48		)	(43		)
Foreign currency exchange contracts	33			65
Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	195			89
Total	$	296		$	205

__________


(a)	For the first quarter of 2016 and 2015 , a $363 million gain and a $150 million loss , respectively, were recorded in Other comprehensive income.


(b)	For the first quarter of 2016 and 2015 , hedge ineffectiveness reflects the net change in fair value on derivatives of $610 million gain and $221 million gain , respectively, and a change in value on hedged debt attributable to the change in benchmark interest rates of $593 million loss and $215 million loss , respectively.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 10. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)

Balance Sheet Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative assets and liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and are presented on a gross basis. The notional amounts of the derivative instruments do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by the parties and are not a direct measure of our financial exposure. We also enter into master agreements with counterparties that may allow for netting of exposures in the event of default or breach of the counterparty agreement.

The fair value of our derivative instruments and the associated notional amounts, presented gross, were as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016								December 31, 2015
	Notional		Fair Value of Assets			Fair Value of Liabilities			Notional		Fair Value of Assets			Fair Value of Liabilities
Automotive Sector
Cash flow hedges
Foreign currency exchange and commodity contracts	$	16,076	$	666		$	235		$	12,593	$	522		$	366

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency exchange contracts	18,152		280			331			19,395		404			238
Commodity contracts	643		4			17			643		2			26
Total derivative financial instruments, gross (a)	$	34,871	950			583			$	32,631	928			630
Counterparty netting and collateral (b)			(552		)	(552		)			(567		)	(567		)
Total derivative financial instruments, net			$	398		$	31				$	361		$	63

Financial Services Sector
Fair value hedges
Interest rate contracts	$	32,843	$	1,184		$	—		$	28,964	$	670		$	16

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts	65,538		182			159			62,638		159			112
Foreign currency exchange contracts	2,138		49			8			1,713		22			4
Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	3,701		195			37			3,137		73			111
Total derivative financial instruments, gross (a)	$	104,220	1,610			204			$	96,452	924			243
Counterparty netting and collateral (b)			(155		)	(155		)			(166		)	(166		)
Total derivative financial instruments, net			$	1,455		$	49				$	758		$	77

__________


(a)	All derivatives are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.


(b)	At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , we did not receive or pledge any cash collateral.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 11. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS)

The changes in the balances for each component of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Ford Motor Company for the periods ended March 31 were as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Foreign currency translation
Beginning balance	$	(3,570	)	$	(2,438	)
Gains/(Losses) on foreign currency translation	(30		)	103
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	—			—
Net gains/(losses) on foreign currency translation	(30		)	103
(Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (a)	(33		)	—
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(63		)	103
Ending balance	$	(3,633	)	$	(2,335	)

Marketable securities
Beginning balance	$	(6	)	$	—
Gains/(Losses) on available for sale securities	11			—
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	—			—
Net gains/(losses) on available for sale securities	11			—
(Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income	(1		)	—
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	4			—
Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income	(5		)	—
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	6			—
Ending balance	$	—		$	—

Derivative instruments
Beginning balance	$	64		$	(163	)
Gains/(Losses) on derivative instruments	363			(150		)
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	59			(32		)
Net gains/(losses) on derivative instruments	304			(118		)
(Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income	(87		)	46
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	(29		)	18
Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (b)	(58		)	28
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	246			(90		)
Ending balance	$	310		$	(253	)

Pension and other postretirement benefits
Beginning balance	$	(2,745	)	$	(2,664	)
Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) (c)	17			—
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	3			79
Net prior service costs/(credits) reclassified from AOCI to net income	14			(79		)
Translation impact on non-U.S. plans	8			(69		)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	22			(148		)
Ending balance	$	(2,723	)	$	(2,812	)

Total AOCI ending balance at March 31	$	(6,046	)	$	(5,400	)

__________


(a)	Reclassified to Automotive interest income and other income/(loss), net.


(b)	Reclassified to Automotive cost of sales . During the next twelve months we expect to reclassify existing net gains on cash flow hedges of $363 million . See Note 10 for additional information.


(c)	Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. See Note 8 for additional information.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 12. OTHER INCOME/(LOSS)

Automotive Sector

The amounts included in Automotive interest income and other income/(loss), net for the periods ended March 31 were as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Investment-related interest income	$	61		$	45
Interest income/(expense) on income taxes	(2		)	(9		)
Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on cash equivalents and marketable securities	72			(27		)
Royalty income	183			142
Other	90			39
Total	$	404		$	190

Financial Services Sector

The amounts included in Financial Services other income/(loss), net for the periods ended March 31 were as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Investment-related interest income	$	19		$	19
Interest income/(expense) on income taxes	(2		)	(3		)
Insurance premiums earned	39			31
Other	35			27
Total	$	91		$	74

NOTE 13. INCOME TAXES

For interim tax reporting we estimate one single effective tax rate for tax jurisdictions not subject to a valuation allowance, which is applied to the year-to-date ordinary income/(loss). Tax effects of significant unusual or infrequently occurring items are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate calculation and recognized in the interim period in which they occur.

NOTE 14. CAPITAL STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings Per Share Attributable to Ford Motor Company Common and Class B Stock

Basic and diluted income per share were calculated using the following (in millions):



	First Quarter
	2016		2015
Basic and Diluted Income Attributable to Ford Motor Company
Basic income	$	2,452	$	1,153
Diluted income	2,452		1,153

Basic and Diluted Shares
Basic shares (average shares outstanding)	3,970		3,963
Net dilutive options and unvested restricted stock units	26		38
Diluted shares	3,996		4,001

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 15. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Our operating activity consists of two operating sectors, Automotive and Financial Services. Our Automotive sector includes the sale of Ford and Lincoln brand vehicles and related service parts and accessories. The Financial Services sector primarily includes our vehicle-related financing and leasing activities at Ford Credit.

Key operating data for our business segments for the periods ended or at March 31 were as follows (in millions):



	Automotive Sector
	Operating Segments													Reconciling Items
	North America		South America			Europe			Middle East & Africa			Asia Pacific		Other Automotive			Special Items			Total
First Quarter 2016
Revenues	$	23,888	$	841		$	6,888		$	961		$	2,679	$	—		$	—		$	35,257
Income/(Loss) before income taxes	3,080		(256		)	434			(14		)	220		(126		)	(186		)	3,152
Total assets at March 31	64,960		4,703			15,906			1,389			9,305		—			—			96,263

First Quarter 2015
Revenues	$	20,040	$	1,513		$	6,918		$	1,057		$	2,272	$	—		$	—		$	31,800
Income/(Loss) before income taxes	1,569		(189		)	(42		)	79			105		(212		)	—			1,310
Total assets at March 31	59,842		4,922			14,961			1,209			9,119		—			—			90,053



	Financial Services Sector										Total Company
	Operating Segment		Reconciling Items
	Ford Credit		Other			Elims			Total		Elims (a)			Total
First Quarter 2016
Revenues	$	2,506	$	—		$	(45	)	$	2,461	$	—		$	37,718
Income/(Loss) before income taxes	514		(14		)	(1		)	499		—			3,651
Total assets at March 31	146,174		—			(254		)	145,920		(4,895		)	237,288

First Quarter 2015
Revenues	$	2,197	$	—		$	(97	)	$	2,100	$	—		$	33,900
Income/(Loss) before income taxes	483		(14		)	—			469		—			1,779
Total assets at March 31	126,375		2			(1,195		)	125,182		(2,786		)	212,449

__________


(a)	Includes intersector transactions occurring in the ordinary course of business and deferred tax netting.

NOTE 16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Commitments and contingencies primarily consist of guarantees and indemnifications, litigation and claims, and warranty.

Guarantees and Indemnifications

Guarantees and indemnifications are recorded at fair value at their inception. We regularly review our performance risk under these arrangements, and in the event it becomes probable we will be required to perform under guarantee or indemnity, the amount of probable payment is recorded.

We guarantee debt and lease obligations of certain joint ventures, as well as certain financial obligations of outside third parties, including suppliers, to support our business and economic growth. Expiration dates vary through 2033 , and guarantees will terminate on payment and/or cancellation of the underlying obligation. A payment by us would be triggered by failure of the joint venture or other third party to fulfill its obligation covered by the guarantee. In some circumstances, we are entitled to recover from a third party amounts paid by us under the guarantee. However, our ability to enforce these rights is sometimes stayed until the guaranteed party is paid in full, and may be limited in the event of insolvency of the third party or other circumstances.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued)

In the ordinary course of business, we execute contracts involving indemnifications standard in the industry and indemnifications specific to a transaction, such as the sale of a business. These indemnifications might include and are not limited to claims relating to any of the following: environmental, tax, and shareholder matters; intellectual property rights; power generation contracts; governmental regulations and employment-related matters; dealer, supplier, and other commercial contractual relationships; and financial matters, such as securitizations. Performance under these indemnities generally would be triggered by a breach of terms of the contract or by a third-party claim. While some of these indemnifications are limited in nature, many of them do not limit potential payment. Therefore, we are unable to estimate a maximum amount of future payments that could result from claims made under these unlimited indemnities.

The maximum potential payments and the carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities were as follows (in millions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Maximum potential payments	$	240	$	284
Carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities	23		23

Litigation and Claims

Various legal actions, proceedings, and claims (generally, “matters”) are pending or may be instituted or asserted against us. These include but are not limited to matters arising out of alleged defects in our products; product warranties; governmental regulations relating to safety, emissions, and fuel economy or other matters; government incentives; tax matters; alleged illegal acts resulting in fines or penalties; financial services; employment-related matters; dealer, supplier, and other contractual relationships; intellectual property rights; environmental matters; shareholder or investor matters; and financial reporting matters. Certain of the pending legal actions are, or purport to be, class actions. Some of the matters involve or may involve claims for compensatory, punitive, or antitrust or other treble damages in very large amounts, or demands for field service actions, environmental remediation programs, sanctions, loss of government incentives, assessments, or other relief, which, if granted, would require very large expenditures.

The extent of our financial exposure to these matters is difficult to estimate. Many matters do not specify a dollar amount for damages, and many others specify only a jurisdictional minimum. To the extent an amount is asserted, our historical experience suggests that in most instances the amount asserted is not a reliable indicator of the ultimate outcome.

We accrue for matters when losses are deemed probable and reasonably estimable. In evaluating matters for accrual and disclosure purposes, we take into consideration factors such as our historical experience with matters of a similar nature, the specific facts and circumstances asserted, the likelihood that we will prevail, and the severity of any potential loss. We reevaluate and update our accruals as matters progress over time.

For the majority of matters, which generally arise out of alleged defects in our products, we establish an accrual based on our extensive historical experience with similar matters. We do not believe there is a reasonably possible outcome materially in excess of our accrual for these matters.

For the remaining matters, where our historical experience with similar matters is of more limited value (i.e., “non-pattern matters”), we evaluate the matters primarily based on the individual facts and circumstances. For non-pattern matters, we evaluate whether there is a reasonable possibility of a material loss in excess of any accrual that can be estimated. Our estimate of reasonably possible loss in excess of our accruals for all material matters currently reflects indirect tax and customs matters, for which we estimate the aggregate risk to be a range of up to a bout $2.4 billion .

As noted, the litigation process is subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of individual matters is not predictable with assurance. Our assessments are based on our knowledge and experience, but the ultimate outcome of any matter could require payment substantially in excess of the amount that we have accrued and/or disclosed.

Item 1. Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued)

Warranty and Field Service Actions

We accrue obligations for warranty costs and field service actions (i.e., safety recalls, emission recalls, and other product campaigns) at the time of sale using a patterned estimation model that includes historical information regarding the nature, frequency, and average cost of claims for each vehicle line by model year. Warranty and field service action obligations are reported in Other liabilities and deferred revenue . We reevaluate the adequacy of our accruals on a regular basis.

We recognize the benefit from a recovery of the costs associated with our warranty and field service actions when specifics of the recovery have been agreed with our supplier and the amount of the recovery is virtually certain. Recoveries are reported in Receivables and Other assets.

The estimate of our future warranty and field service action costs, net of supplier recoveries, for the periods ended March 31 were as follows (in millions):



	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	4,558		$	4,785
Payments made during the period	(797		)	(576		)
Changes in accrual related to warranties issued during the period	612			463
Changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties	59			173
Foreign currency translation and other	52			(145		)
Ending balance	$	4,484		$	4,700

Revisions to our estimated costs are reported as Changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties in the table above.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Ford Motor Company:

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Ford Motor Company and its subsidiaries as of March 31, 2016 , and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 and the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows and the consolidated statement of equity for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 . These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

The accompanying sector balance sheets and the related sector statements of income and of cash flows are presented for purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. Such information has been subjected to the review procedures applied in the review of the basic financial statements.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 , and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 11, 2016 (which included an explanatory paragraph with respect to the Company’s change in the manner in which it accounts for defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans), we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 , is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Detroit, Michigan

April 28, 2016

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Our first quarter 2016 pre-tax results and net income were as follows:



	First Quarter
	2016			Better/(Worse) 2015			Memo: Full Year 2015
	(Mils.)			(Mils.)			(Mils.)
Pre-tax results
Automotive sector pre-tax results (excl. special items)	$	3,338		$	2,028		$	8,772
Financial Services sector pre-tax results	499			30			2,028
Total Company pre-tax results (excl. special items)	3,837			2,058			10,800
Special items - Automotive sector	(186		)	(186		)	(548		)
Total Company pre-tax results (incl. special items)	3,651			1,872			10,252
(Provision for)/Benefit from income taxes	(1,196		)	(571		)	(2,881		)
Net income	2,455			1,301			7,371
Less: Income/(Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	3			2			(2		)
Net income attributable to Ford	$	2,452		$	1,299		$	7,373

Discussion of Automotive sector, Financial Services sector, and Company results of operations below is on a pre-tax basis and excludes special items unless otherwise specifically noted.

In the first quarter of 2016, the Company’s pre-tax profit of $3.8 billion was a record for any quarter.

As detailed in Note 15 of the Notes to the Financial Statements, we allocate special items to a separate reconciling item, as opposed to allocating them among the Automotive sector operating segments and Other Automotive, reflecting the fact that management excludes these items from its review of operating segment results for purposes of measuring segment profitability and allocating resources among the segments.

We group special items into three categories to provide useful information to investors about the nature of the special items: “Pension and OPEB Remeasurements,” “Personnel and Dealer-Related Items,” and “Other Items.” The first category includes pension and OPEB remeasurement gains and losses. These gains and losses, generally recognized in the fourth quarter, are not reflective of our underlying Automotive business results. The second category includes items related to our efforts to match production capacity and cost structure to market demand and changing model mix and therefore helps investors track amounts related to those activities. The third category includes other items that we do not generally consider to be indicative of our ongoing operating activities, and therefore allows investors analyzing our pre-tax results to identify certain infrequent significant items that they may wish to exclude when considering the trend of ongoing operating results.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

The following table details Automotive sector pre-tax special items in each category for the first quarter of 2016 and full year 2015:



	First quarter			Memo: Full Year 2015
	2016			Memo: Full Year 2015
	(Mils.)			(Mils.)
Pension and OPEB Remeasurements	$	—		$	(698	)
Personnel and Dealer-Related Items
Separation-related actions	(174		)	—
Other Items
Japan and Indonesia Market Closure	(12		)	—
Nemak IPO	—			150
Total Other Items	(12		)	150
Total Special Items	$	(186	)	$	(548	)

Tax Special Items	$	(66	)	$	205

We had no special items for the first quarter 2015.

The tax special items above consist of the tax effects of pre-tax special items and the impact of restructuring on deferred tax balances.

The following table details our earnings per share on a diluted basis:



	First Quarter 2016				Memo: Full Year 2015
	Net Income Attributable to Ford		After-Tax Operating Results Excluding Special Items		Net Income Attributable to Ford		After-Tax Operating Results Excluding Special Items
	Net Income Attributable to Ford		After-Tax Operating Results Excluding Special Items		Net Income Attributable to Ford		After-Tax Operating Results Excluding Special Items
After-Tax Results (Mils.)
Diluted after-tax results	$	2,452	$	2,704	$	7,373	$	7,716
Basic and Diluted Shares (Mils.)
Basic shares (averages shares outstanding)	3,970		3,970		3,969		3,969
Net dilutive options and contingently issuable shares	26		26		33		33
Diluted shares	3,996		3,996		4,002		4,002

Diluted Earnings Per Share	$	0.61	$	0.68	$	1.84	$	1.93

References to Automotive records for operating-related cash flow, operating margin, and business units are since at least 2000.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Results by Segment. The chart below shows our first quarter 2016 Company pre-tax results by Automotive business unit, along with Other Automotive which is mainly net interest expense, and our Financial Services sector.

Automotive results were driven by North America’s quarterly record of $3.1 billion in pre-tax profit, as well as Europe’s best quarterly profit since 2008, and continued strong performance in Asia Pacific. In total, our automotive operations outside of North America delivered a profit of almost $400 million, which was more than $400 million higher than a year ago.

Financial Services pre-tax profit of $499 million reflects continued strong performance at Ford Credit.

Compared with the first quarter of 2015, the Company’s pre-tax profit in the first quarter of 2016 improved by 116%, driven by sharply higher automotive results.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR

Definitions and calculations used in this report include:

•

Wholesales and Revenue – wholesale unit volumes include all Ford and Lincoln badged units (whether produced by Ford or by an unconsolidated affiliate) that are sold to dealerships, units manufactured by Ford that are sold to other manufacturers, units distributed by Ford for other manufacturers, and local brand units produced by our China joint venture, Jiangling Motors Corporation, Ltd. (“JMC”), that are sold to dealerships. Vehicles sold to daily rental car companies that are subject to a guaranteed repurchase option (i.e., rental repurchase), as well as other sales of finished vehicles for which the recognition of revenue is deferred (e.g., consignments), also are included in wholesale unit volumes. Revenue from certain vehicles in wholesale unit volumes (specifically, Ford badged vehicles produced and distributed by our unconsolidated affiliates, as well as JMC brand vehicles) are not included in our revenue


•	Automotive Operating Margin – defined as Automotive pre-tax results, excluding special items and Other Automotive, divided by Automotive revenue


•	Industry Volume and Market Share – based, in part, on estimated vehicle registrations; includes medium and heavy duty trucks


•	SAAR – seasonally adjusted annual rate


•	A utomotive Cash – includes cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities

In general, we measure year-over-year change in Automotive pre-tax operating profit for our total Automotive sector and reportable segments using the causal factors listed below, with net pricing and cost variances calculated at present-year volume and mix and exchange:


•	Market Factors :


◦	Volume and Mix – primarily measures profit variance from changes in wholesale volumes (at prior-year average margin per unit) driven by changes in industry volume, market share, and dealer stocks, as well as the profit variance resulting from changes in product mix, including mix among vehicle lines and mix of trim levels and options within a vehicle line


◦	Net Pricing - primarily measures profit variance driven by changes in wholesale prices to dealers and marketing incentive programs such as rebate programs, low-rate financing offers, and special lease offers


•	Contribution Costs – primarily measures profit variance driven by per-unit changes in cost categories that typically vary with volume, such as material costs (including commodity and component costs), warranty expense, and freight and duty costs


•	Structural Costs – primarily measures profit variance driven by absolute change in cost categories that typically do not have a directly proportionate relationship to production volume. Structural costs include the following cost categories:


◦	Manufacturing, Including Volume Related – consists primarily of costs for hourly and salaried manufacturing personnel, plant overhead (such as utilities and taxes), and new product launch expense. These costs could be affected by volume for operating pattern actions such as overtime, line-speed, and shift schedules


◦	Engineering – consists primarily of costs for engineering personnel, prototype materials, testing, and outside engineering services


◦	Spending-Related – consists primarily of depreciation and amortization of our manufacturing and engineering assets, but also includes asset retirements and operating leases


◦	Advertising and Sales Promotions – includes costs for advertising, marketing programs, brand promotions, customer mailings and promotional events, and auto shows


◦	Administrative and Selling – includes primarily costs for salaried personnel and purchased services related to our staff activities and selling functions, as well as associated information technology costs


◦	Pension and OPEB – consists primarily of past service pension costs and other postretirement employee benefit costs

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

•

Exchange – primarily measures profit variance driven by one or more of the following: (i) transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of the relevant entities, (ii) effects of converting functional currency income to U.S. dollars, (iii) effects of remeasuring monetary assets and liabilities of the relevant entities in currencies other than their functional currency, or (iv) results of our foreign currency hedging


•	Net Interest and Other


◦	Net Interest – primarily measures profit variance driven by changes in our Automotive sector’s centrally-managed net interest, which consists of interest expense, interest income, fair market value adjustments on our cash equivalents and marketable securities portfolio (excluding strategic equity investments held in marketable securities), and other adjustments


◦	Other – items not included in the causal factors defined above

The charts on the following pages detail first quarter 2016 key metrics and the change in first quarter 2016 pre-tax results compared with the first quarter of 2015 by causal factor for our Automotive sector and its segments.

The key market factors and financial metrics for our Automotive business in the first quarter of 2016 are shown above. All metrics were strong and improved compared with the first quarter of 2015. We grew the top line, with wholesale volumes up 10% and automotive revenue up 11%, or 15% at constant exchange.

Our global market share at 7.1% improved two-tenths of a percentage point driven by gains in North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific.

Global SAAR, estimated at 90.1 million units, was up 2.6 million units or 3% compared with the first quarter of 2015.

Our Automotive operating margin and pre-tax profit at 9.8% and $3.3 billion, respectively, were both records and more than double 2015 levels.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

As shown above, the $2 billion improvement in Automotive pre-tax profit in the first quarter of 2016 was driven by higher volume, favorable mix, and lower costs. Volume and mix was favorable in all regions, except South America, reflecting the strength of our portfolio and the success of new product introductions. Stock changes are more than explained by North America, primarily reflecting the non-repeat of our F-150 launch in Kansas City in first quarter of 2015. Lower net pricing was a partial offset. This mainly reflected a one-time stock accrual effect in North America.

Total costs and expenses. In the first quarter of 2016 and 2015, total costs and expenses, including special items, for our Automotive sector were $32.8 billion and $30.9 billion, respectively, a difference of $1.9 billion. The detail for the change is shown below (in billions):



	First Quarter
Explanation of change:	2016 Lower/(Higher) 2015
Volume and mix, exchange, and other	$	(2.3	)
Contribution costs
Material excluding commodities	0.4
Commodities	0.5
Warranty, freight, and other	0.1
Structural costs	(0.4		)
Special items	(0.2		)
Total	$	(1.9	)

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Shown above are the first quarter 2016 key metrics for the North America region, where we expect to have another outstanding year. A major factor in the quarter was the full deployment of our F-150 strategy, which is delivering great results for our business. In the first quarter of 2016, wholesale volume and revenue both increased sharply.

Our North America market share improved, with U.S. share increasing by eight-tenths of a percentage point to 15.5%. The improvement was driven by strong fleet performance, mainly SUVs, Transit, which now has a leadership position in the commercial van segment, and F-Series.

North America’s SAAR, at 21.3 million units, was up 700,000 units compared with the first quarter of 2015. U.S. SAAR, at 17.5 million units, was up 400,000 units compared with the first quarter of 2015.

Our operating margin at 12.9% and pre-tax profits of $3.1 billion were both records.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

The $1.5 billion improvement in North America’s first quarter 2016 pre-tax profit was driven by favorable volume and mix and lower contribution costs. Lower net pricing and structural cost increases, to support a continued strong product line-up and future growth, were partial offsets.

The favorable change in stocks and about 40% of the increase in incentives was caused by normalization of the volume of F-150, which was being launched in Kansas City a year ago.

Although net pricing was lower in the first quarter of 2016, average U.S. retail transaction prices increased compared to year-ago levels, reflecting improved mix.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

In South America, results were impacted negatively by the very difficult external conditions, particularly in Brazil where the economy continues to contract and industry volumes in the first quarter of 2016 declined by more than a quarter compared to prior year. In Argentina, our business was negatively impacted by the devaluation of the Peso, however, we are encouraged by actions taken by the new government which have the potential to improve future market conditions.

All of our key metrics deteriorated in the first quarter of 2016 compared with the first quarter of 2015. The top line was down sharply with wholesales lower by 38% and revenue lower by 44%.

Our market share for the region, at 8.4%, was down by 1.2 percentage points, as we focused on profitable share amid high industry discounting.

Industry SAAR for the region, at 3.7 million units, was 900,000 units lower than in the first quarter of 2015.

In the first quarter of 2016, operating margin and pre-tax results for the region were both lower than prior year.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

As shown above, the higher loss in South America in the first quarter of 2016 was more than explained by lower industry volumes – primarily the result of the 29% reduction in Brazil. This was offset partially by our continued drive to reduce costs as we realized the benefits of actions taken in 2015, including a 10% reduction in our salaried personnel and overhead and a 20% reduction in labor costs. We also eliminated the third crew at our Camacari plant in the first quarter of 2016.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Shown above are the key metrics for Europe, where our Transformation Strategy is building momentum. All metrics improved in the first quarter of 2016. We grew the top line with wholesale volume and revenue at constant exchange, both growing by 6%.

Our market share in Europe improved three-tenths of a percentage point to 8.0%, reflecting the strong performance of commercial and SUV vehicles, including Ranger, Transit, Kuga, and EcoSport. Ford remained Europe’s best-selling commercial vehicle brand in the first quarter of 2016.

Europe SAAR, at 20.1 million units, was 5% higher in the first quarter of 2016 compared with the first quarter of 2015.

Our operating margin at 6.3% and pre-tax profit of $434 million both improved significantly from last year’s loss.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

As shown above, every aspect of the business contributed to the nearly half-billion dollar improvement in Europe’s pre-tax results in the first quarter of 2016. Favorable market factors were driven by improved product and series mix with strong consumer acceptance of our new products and increasing demand for higher series vehicles. Higher industry volumes also contributed. Contribution and structural costs were both lower in the first quarter of 2016 compared with the first quarter of 2015.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Shown above are key metrics for the Middle East & Africa region, where the business was adversely impacted by weak local currencies, low oil prices, and political strife. Wholesale volume and revenue both declined in the first quarter of 2016.

Our market share for the region was unchanged at 4.3%. SAAR for the region, at 4.0 million units, was down 300,000 units compared with the first quarter of 2015.

Our financial results, which deteriorated to a loss of $14 million in the first quarter of 2016, reflect exchange impacts, primarily the South African Rand, and higher cost.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

In Asia Pacific region, we had another strong quarter, driven by our great new products. All key metrics improved in the first quarter of 2016. Wholesale volumes increased by 9% and revenue from consolidated operations improved by 18%, or 25% at constant exchange.

Asia Pacific’s market share was 3.6% in the first quarter of 2016, up three-tenths of a percentage point and a record for the first quarter. China’s market share was 4.5%, up two-tenths of a percentage point compared with the first quarter of 2015 driven by SUVs. Sales in the region and China were a record for the first quarter.

Asia Pacific’s first quarter 2016 SAAR was 40.9 million units, up 2 million units from the first quarter of 2015, more than explained by a 2.4 million unit increase in China industry SAAR which is estimated at 26.2 million units for the first quarter.

Asia Pacific’s operating margin was 8.2%, up 3.6 percentage points from 2015, and pre-tax results of $220 million more than doubled compared with the first quarter of 2015. Our China joint ventures contributed $443 million to pre-tax profit in the first quarter of 2016, reflecting our equity share of their after-tax earnings which was $83 million higher compared with the first quarter of 2015. The net income margin at our China joint ventures was 16.4%.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Shown above are the factors driving our higher first quarter 2016 pre-tax results in Asia Pacific. Favorable volume was driven by a strong industry in China, where we continue to leverage the government incentive program with our strong line-up of vehicles with 1.6L or smaller engines. Higher market share and favorable mix reflect the strength of our new products, including the Edge, Ranger, and Lincoln.

Higher structural costs to support future growth and lower net pricing in China were partial offsets. In the first quarter of 2016, the rate of decline in pricing in China slowed compared with the fourth quarter of 2015. We continue to expect full-year negative pricing in China in the 5-6 percent range.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR

Ford Credit has two operations, North America and International. In general, we measure year-over-year changes in Ford Credit’s pre-tax results using the causal factors listed below:


◦	Volume and Mix:

◦

Volume primarily measures changes in net financing margin driven by changes in average finance receivables and net investment in operating leases at prior period financing margin yield (defined below in financing margin) at prior period exchange rates. Volume changes are primarily driven by the volume of new and used vehicle sales and leases, the extent to which Ford Credit purchases retail installment sale and lease contracts, the extent to which Ford Credit provides wholesale financing, the sales price of the vehicles financed, the level of dealer inventories, Ford-sponsored special financing programs available exclusively through Ford Credit, and the availability of cost-effective funding for the purchase of retail installment sale and lease contracts and to provide wholesale financing


◦	Mix primarily measures changes in net financing margin driven by period over period changes in the composition of Ford Credit’s average managed receivables by product and by country or region

◦ Financing Margin:

◦

Financing margin variance is the period-to-period change in financing margin yield multiplied by the present period average receivables at prior period exchange rates. This calculation is performed at the product and country level and then aggregated. Financing margin yield equals revenue, less interest expense and scheduled depreciation for the period, divided by average receivables for the same period


◦	Financing margin changes are driven by changes in revenue and interest expense. Changes in revenue are primarily driven by the level of market interest rates, cost assumptions in pricing, mix of business, and competitive environment. Changes in interest expense are primarily driven by the level of market interest rates, borrowing spreads, and asset-liability management


•	Credit Loss:


◦	Credit loss is the change in the provision for credit losses at prior period exchange rates. For analysis purposes, management splits the provision for credit losses primarily into net charge-offs and the change in the allowance for credit losses

◦

Net charge-off changes are primarily driven by the number of repossessions, severity per repossession, and recoveries. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are primarily driven by changes in historical trends in credit losses and recoveries, changes in the composition and size of Ford Credit’s present portfolio, changes in trends in historical used vehicle values, and changes in economic conditions. For additional information on the allowance for credit losses, refer to the “Critical Accounting Estimates - Allowance for Credit Losses” section of Item 7 of Part II of our 2015 Form 10-K Report


•	Lease Residual:


◦	Lease residual measures changes to residual performance at prior period exchange rates. For analysis purposes, management splits residual performance primarily into residual gains and losses, and the change in accumulated supplemental depreciation

◦

Residual gain and loss changes are primarily driven by the number of vehicles returned to Ford Credit and sold, and the difference between the auction value and the depreciated value of the vehicles sold. Changes in accumulated supplemental depreciation are primarily driven by changes in Ford Credit’s estimate of the number of vehicles that will be returned to it and sold, and changes in the estimate of the expected auction value at the end of the lease term. For additional information on accumulated supplemental depreciation, refer to the “Critical Accounting Estimates - Accumulated Depreciation on Vehicles Subject to Operating Leases” section of Item 7 of Part II of our 2015 Form 10-K Report


•	Exchange:


◦	Reflects changes in pre-tax results driven by the effects of converting functional currency income to U.S. dollars


•	Other:


◦	Primarily includes operating expenses, other revenue, and insurance expenses at prior period exchange rates


◦	Changes in operating expenses are primarily driven by salaried personnel costs, facilities costs, and costs associated with the origination and servicing of customer contracts


◦	In general, other revenue changes are primarily driven by changes in earnings related to market valuation adjustments to derivatives (primarily related to movements in interest rates), and other miscellaneous items

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Ford Credit. The chart below details the key metrics for Ford Credit for first quarter of 2016.

In the first quarter of 2016, Ford Credit continued to grow, while remaining strongly profitable. Contract volumes were largely unchanged with lower volume in the United States and growth in all other markets.

Managed receivables were $132 billion at March 31, 2016, up 17% from the first quarter of 2015, as the portfolio continues to grow in line with Ford’s growth. Managed receivables equal net finance receivables of $100.3 billion and $86.5 billion and net investment in operating leases of $25.9 billion and $22.0 billion reported on Ford Credit’s balance sheet at March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, respectively, excluding unearned interest supplements and residual support of $4.6 billion and $3.8 billion, allowance for credit losses of $500 million and $400 million, and other (primarily accumulated supplemental depreciation) of $500 million and $200 million at March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, respectively.

Portfolio performance remains robust. The over-60-day delinquency ratio, at 14 basis points in the first quarter of 2016, remains at the low end of Ford Credit’s historical experience. The loss-to-receivables ratio in the first quarter of 2016 was 44 basis points, up 11 basis points compared with the first quarter of 2015. U.S. retail and lease credit losses have been better than Ford Credit’s expectations for an extended time period. Credit losses have been trending higher for the last few quarters, as they continue to normalize toward Ford Credit’s expectations.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

The improvement of $31 million in pre-tax profit in the first quarter of 2016 compared with the first quarter of 2015 is more than explained by favorable volume and mix, driven by increases in consumer and non-consumer finance receivables globally, as well as an increase in operating leases in North America.

Credit losses were $65 million higher, as Ford Credit increased the reserve and had higher charge-offs in North America, primarily reflecting higher severity.

Unfavorable lease residual performance of $61 million in the first quarter of 2016 primarily reflects higher depreciation on Ford Credit’s North America lease portfolio, as Ford Credit expects lower auction values in the future.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Industry leasing continues to grow. Ford’s lease share of retail sales was 26% in the first quarter of 2016 but remains below the industry. Ford Credit and Ford work together under a One Ford Lease Strategy that considers share, term, model mix, geography, and other factors. Full year lease share is expected to be lower than the first quarter of 2016, reflecting the parameters of our strategy.

Ford Credit’s used vehicle auction prices in the first quarter of 2016 were lower than a year ago but up from the fourth quarter of 2015, although not as high as expected.

Ford Credit’s average retail term has remained largely consistent and lower than the industry. Retail contracts of 73 months and longer remain a relatively small part of Ford Credit’s business.

The average FICO score in the first quarter of 2016 reflected the mix of customers attracted by Ford’s marketing programs. These levels are consistent with Ford Credit’s experience over the last five years and reflect normal quarterly variances. Ford Credit uses proprietary credit scoring models, and its underwriting practices have been consistent for years. Ford Credit’s higher risk business, as classified at contract inception, consistently represents 5%-6% of its portfolio and has been stable for over 10 years.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Automotive Sector

Our Automotive liquidity strategy includes ensuring that we have sufficient liquidity available with a high degree of certainty throughout the business cycle by generating cash from operations and maintaining access to other sources of funding. We target to have an average ongoing Automotive cash balance of about $20 billion. We expect to have periods when we will be above or below this amount due to (i) future cash flow expectations such as for pension contributions, debt maturities, capital investments, or restructuring requirements, (ii) short-term timing differences, and (iii) changes in the global economic environment. In addition, we also target to maintain a revolving credit facility for our Automotive business of about $10 billion to protect against exogenous shocks. Our revolving credit facility is discussed below.

We assess the appropriate long-term target for total Automotive liquidity, comprised of Automotive cash and the revolving credit facility, to be about $30 billion, which is an amount we believe is sufficient to support our business priorities and to protect our business. Our Automotive cash and Automotive liquidity targets could be reduced over time based on improved operating performance and changes in our risk profile.

For a discussion of risks to our liquidity, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” in our 2015 Form 10-K Report, as well as Note 16 of the Notes to the Financial Statements, regarding commitments and contingencies that could impact our liquidity.

Our key liquidity metrics are Automotive cash, Automotive liquidity, and operating-related cash flow (which best represents the ability of our Automotive operations to generate cash).

Automotive cash is detailed below as of the dates shown (in billions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015		March 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents	$	5.6	$	5.4	$	5.1
Marketable securities	18.7		18.2		14.4
Automotive cash	$	24.3	$	23.6	$	19.5

Our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities are held primarily in highly liquid investments, which provide for anticipated and unanticipated cash needs. Our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities primarily include U.S. Department of Treasury obligations, federal agency securities, bank time deposits with investment-grade institutions, corporate investment-grade securities, commercial paper rated A-1/P-1 or higher, and debt obligations of a select group of non-U.S. governments, non-U.S. governmental agencies, and supranational institutions. The average maturity of these investments ranges from about 90 days to up to about one year, and is adjusted based on market conditions and liquidity needs. We monitor our cash levels and average maturity on a daily basis. At March 31, 2016, consolidated entities domiciled in the United States held 85% of our total Automotive cash.

Automotive cash and liquidity as of the dates shown were as follows (in billions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015		March 31, 2015
Automotive cash	$	24.3	$	23.6	$	19.5
Available credit lines
Revolving credit facility, unutilized portion	10.3		10.3		10.1
Local lines available to foreign affiliates, unutilized portion	0.6		0.6		0.6
Automotive liquidity	$	35.2	$	34.5	$	30.2

In managing our business, we classify changes in Automotive cash into operating-related and other items (which includes the impact of certain special items, contributions to funded pension plans, certain tax-related transactions, acquisitions and divestitures, capital transactions with the Financial Services sector, dividends paid to shareholders, and other—primarily financing-related).

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

We believe the cash flow analysis reflected in the table below is useful to investors because it includes in operating-related cash flow elements that we consider to be related to our Automotive operating activities (e.g., capital spending) and excludes cash flow elements that we do not consider to be related to the ability of our operations to generate cash. This differs from a cash flow statement prepared in accordance with GAAP and differs from Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities , the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

Changes in Automotive cash are summarized below (in billions):



	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Automotive cash at end of period	$	24.3		$	19.5
Automotive cash at beginning of period	23.6			21.7
Change in Automotive cash	$	0.7		$	(2.2	)

Automotive pre-tax profits (excluding special items)	$	3.3		$	0.9
Capital spending	(1.5		)	(1.8		)
Depreciation and tooling amortization	1.1			1.1
Changes in working capital (a)	—			0.8
Other/Timing differences (b)	(0.2		)	(0.5		)
Automotive operating-related cash flows	2.7			0.5

Separation payments	—			(0.4		)
Net receipts from Financial Services sector (c)	—			—
Other	0.2			(0.3		)
Cash flow before other actions	2.9			(0.2		)

Changes in debt	(0.1		)	(0.6		)
Funded pension contributions	(0.4		)	(0.8		)
Dividends/Other items	(1.7		)	(0.6		)
Change in Automotive cash	$	0.7		$	(2.2	)

_________


(a)	Working capital is comprised of changes in receivables, inventory, and trade payables.


(b)	Primarily expense and payment timing differences for items such as pension and OPEB, compensation, marketing, warranty, and timing differences between unconsolidated affiliate profits and dividends received. Also includes other factors, such as the impact of tax payments and vehicle financing activities between Automotive and Financial Services sectors.


(c)	Primarily distributions from Ford Holdings (Ford Credit’s parent) and tax payments received from Ford Credit.

With respect to “Changes in working capital,” in general we carry relatively low Automotive sector trade receivables compared with our trade payables because the majority of our Automotive wholesales are financed (primarily by Ford Credit) immediately upon sale of vehicles to dealers, which generally occurs at the time the vehicles are gate-released shortly after being produced. In addition, our inventories are lean because we build to order, not for inventory. In contrast, our Automotive trade payables are based primarily on industry-standard production supplier payment terms generally ranging between 30 days to 45 days. As a result, our cash flow tends to improve as wholesale volumes increase, but can deteriorate significantly when wholesale volumes drop sharply. These working capital balances generally are subject to seasonal changes that can impact cash flow. For example, we typically experience cash flow timing differences associated with inventories and payables due to our annual summer and December shutdown periods, when production, and therefore inventories and wholesale volumes, are usually at their lowest levels, while payables continue to come due and be paid. The net impact of this typically results in cash outflows from changes in our working capital balances during these shutdown periods.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Shown below is a reconciliation between financial statement Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities and operating-related cash flows (calculated as shown in the table above), as of the dates shown (in billions):



							Memo: Full Year 2015
	First Quarter
	2016			2015
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities	$	3.6		$	1.0		$	12.3
Items included in operating-related cash flows
Capital spending	(1.5		)	(1.8		)	(7.1		)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	—			0.1			0.2
Net cash flows from non-designated derivatives	0.1			0.1			(0.1		)
Items not included in operating-related cash flows
Separation payments	—			0.4			0.6
Funded pension contributions	0.4			0.8			1.1
Tax refunds, tax payments, and tax receipts from affiliates	—			—			—
Other	0.1			(0.1		)	0.3
Operating-related cash flows	$	2.7		$	0.5		$	7.3

Credit Agreement . Lenders under our Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 30, 2015 and as further amended (the “revolving credit facility”) have commitments to us totaling $13.4 billion, with 75% of the commitments maturing on April 30, 2020 and 25% of the commitments maturing on April 30, 2018. We have allocated$3 billion of commitments to Ford Credit on an irrevocable and exclusive basis to support its growth and liquidity. Any borrowings by Ford Credit under the revolving credit facility would be guaranteed by us.

The revolving credit facility is unsecured and free of material adverse change conditions to borrowing, restrictive financial covenants (for example, interest or fixed charge coverage ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and minimum net worth requirements), and credit rating triggers that could limit our ability to obtain funding. The revolving credit facility contains a liquidity covenant that requires us to maintain a minimum of $4 billion in aggregate of domestic cash, cash equivalents, and loaned and marketable securities and/or availability under the revolving credit facility. If our senior, unsecured, long-term debt does not maintain at least two investment grade ratings from Fitch, Moody’s, and S&P (each as defined under “Total Company” below), the guarantees of certain subsidiaries will be required.

At March 31, 2016, the utilized portion of the revolving credit facility was $45 million, representing amounts utilized for letters of credit.

Although not yet complete, we are in the process of amending our revolving credit facility. When complete, we expect to maintain total commitments of $13.4 billion, extend the respective maturity dates by one year, and maintain the $3 billion allocation to Ford Credit. The closing will occur during the second quarter of 2016.

Other Automotive Credit Facilities. At March 31, 2016, we had about $1.4 billion of local credit facilities available to non-U.S. Automotive affiliates, of which $807 million had been utilized.

Net Cash. Our Automotive sector net cash calculation as of the dates shown was as follows (in billions):



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Automotive cash	$	24.3	$	23.6
Less:
Long-term debt	11.1		11.0
Debt payable within one year	1.9		1.8
Total debt	13.0		12.8
Net cash	$	11.3	$	10.8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Total Automotive debt at March 31, 2016 was about $200 million higher than it was at December 31, 2015. The increase primarily reflects local funding in international markets and foreign currency exchange, offset partially by debt repayments.

Leverage. We manage Automotive debt levels with a leverage framework to maintain strong, investment grade credit ratings through a normal business cycle. The leverage framework includes a ratio of Automotive debt, underfunded pension liabilities, operating leases, and other adjustments, divided by Automotive income before income tax, adjusted for depreciation, amortization, Automotive interest, and other adjustments. Ford Credit’s leverage is calculated as a separate business as described in the Liquidity - Financial Services section of Item 2. Ford Credit is self-funding and its debt, which is used to fund its operations, is separate from our Automotive debt.

Liquidity Sufficiency . One of our key priorities is to finance our plan and maintain a strong balance sheet, while at the same time having resources available to grow our business. Based on our planning assumptions, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources to continue to invest in new products and services that customers want and value, transform and grow our business, pay our debts and obligations as and when they come due, pay a sustainable dividend, and provide protection within an uncertain global economic environment.

Based on expected cash flows and the identification of additional opportunities for profitable growth, the ongoing amount of capital spending to support product development, growth, restructuring, and infrastructure is expected to increase to about $9 billion annually by 2020. Our capital spending was $7.1 billion and $7.4 billion in 2015 and 2014, respectively, and is expected to be about $7.7 billion in 2016.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Financial Services Sector

Ford Credit

Funding Overview. Ford Credit’s primary funding and liquidity objective is to maintain a strong investment grade balance sheet with ample liquidity to support its financing activities and growth under a variety of market conditions, including short-term and long-term market disruptions. Ford Credit’s funding strategy remains focused on diversification, and it plans to continue accessing a variety of markets, channels, and investors.

Ford Credit’s liquidity profile continues to be diverse, robust, and focused on maintaining liquidity levels that meet its business and funding requirements. Ford Credit regularly stress tests its balance sheet and liquidity to ensure that it continues to meet its financial obligations through economic cycles.

The chart below shows the trends in funding for Ford Credit’s managed receivables:

Ford Credit’s higher cash balance at the end of the first quarter of 2016 reflects pre-funding of near-term debt maturities.

Ford Credit projects year-end 2016 managed receivables to be in the range of $134 billion to $139 billion and securitized funding as a percent of managed receivables to be between 36% and 39%. Ford Credit expects the percentage of securitization to trend lower over time. The calendarization of the funding plan may result in quarterly fluctuations of the securitization percentage.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Public Term Funding Plan. The following table shows Ford Credit’s planned issuances for full-year 2016 and its global public term funding issuances through April 27, 2016, full-year 2015, and full-year 2014 (in billions), excluding short-term funding programs:



	Public Term Funding Plan
	2016
	Full-Year Forecast	Through April 27		Full-Year 2015		Full-Year 2014
Unsecured	$ 14-19	$	7	$	17	$	13
Securitizations (a)	12-15	7		13		15
Total	$ 26-34	$	14	$	30	$	28

__________


(a)	Includes Rule 144A offerings.

For 2016, Ford Credit projects full-year public term funding in the range of $26 billion to $34 billion. Both the amount and composition of their full-year funding plan are consistent with their issuance in 2015. Through April 27, 2016, Ford Credit has completed $14 billion of public term issuance, representing about half of their full-year public term funding plan.

Liquidity. The following chart shows Ford Credit’s liquidity sources and utilization:

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Ford Credit targets liquidity of at least $25 billion. As of March 31, 2016, Ford Credit’s liquidity available for use was up $11.6 billion from year-end 2015, reflecting new committed ABS facilities and higher cash balances to meet their near-term maturities.

As of March 31, 2016, Ford Credit’s liquidity remained strong at $35.1 billion. Its sources of liquidity include cash, committed asset-backed facilities, unsecured credit facilities, and the corporate revolver allocation. As of March 31, Ford Credit’s liquidity sources including cash totaled $56.8 billion, up $7.1 billion from year-end.

Leverage. Ford Credit uses leverage, or the debt-to-equity ratio, to make various business decisions, including evaluating and establishing pricing for finance receivable and operating lease financing, and assessing its capital structure.

The following chart shows the calculation of Ford Credit’s financial statement leverage and managed leverage (in billions, except for ratios):

Ford Credit plans its managed leverage by considering prevailing market conditions and the risk characteristics of its business. Ford Credit targets managed leverage in the range of 8:1 to 9:1. Managed leverage at March 31, 2016 was above the targeted range, reflecting growth in managed receivables and the impact of a strong U.S. dollar.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Total Company

Equity. At March 31, 2016 , Total equity attributable to Ford Motor Company was $29.6 billion, an increase of $963 million compared with December 31, 2015 . The increase primarily reflects favorable changes in Retained earnings of $864 million related to Net income attributable to Ford Motor Company of $2.5 billion in the first three months of 2016, net of cash dividends declared of $1.6 billion; favorable changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) of $211 million; offset partially by increases in Treasury Stock of $145 million related to stock repurchases.

Credit Ratings. Our short-term and long-term debt is rated by four credit rating agencies designated as nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission:


•	DBRS Limited (“DBRS”);


•	Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”);


•	Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”); and


•	Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of McGraw Hill Financial (“S&P”).

In several markets, locally-recognized rating agencies also rate us. A credit rating reflects an assessment by the rating agency of the credit risk associated with a corporate entity or particular securities issued by that entity. Rating agencies’ ratings of us are based on information provided by us and other sources. Credit ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell, or hold securities, and are subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency. Each rating agency may have different criteria for evaluating company risk and, therefore, ratings should be evaluated independently for each rating agency.

The following rating actions have been taken by these NRSROs since the filing of our 2015 Form 10-K Report:


•	On February 16, 2016, Moody’s upgraded Ford and Ford Credit’s long-term ratings to Baa2 from Baa3 with a stable outlook.


•	On February 17, 2016, DBRS upgraded Ford and Ford Credit’s long-term ratings to BBB from BBB (low) with a stable trend.


•	On March 11, 2016, S&P upgraded Ford and Ford Credit’s long-term ratings to BBB from BBB- with a stable outlook.

The following chart summarizes certain of the credit ratings and outlook presently assigned by these four NRSROs:

NRSRO RATINGS

Ford

Ford Credit

NRSROs

Issuer

Default /

Corporate /

Issuer Rating

Long-Term Senior Unsecured

Outlook / Trend

Long-Term Senior Unsecured

Short-Term

Unsecured

Outlook / Trend

Minimum Long-Term Investment Grade Rating

DBRS

BBB

Stable

BBB

R-2M

Stable

BBB (low)

Fitch

BBB-

Positive

BBB-

Positive

BBB-

Moody’s

N/A

Baa2

Stable

Baa2

P-2

Stable

Baa3

S&P

BBB

Stable

BBB

A-2

Stable

BBB-

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

PRODUCTION VOLUMES (a)

Our first quarter 2016 production volumes and second quarter 2016 projected production volumes are as follows (in thousands):



	2016
	First Quarter Actual			Second Quarter Forecast
	Units	O/(U) 2015		Units	O/(U) 2015
North America	854	131		850	35
South America	65	(37	)	75	(19	)
Europe	425	(11	)	440	37
Middle East & Africa	21	—		24	1
Asia Pacific	424	51		345	(17	)
Total	1,789	134		1,734	37

_________


(a)	Includes Ford brand and JMC brand vehicles produced by our unconsolidated affiliates.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

OUTLOOK

Business Environment

We continue to expect the external environment this year to be one of growth globally with GDP expanding in the 3.1% to 3.5% range. This will be driven by the United States, a continued modest recovery in the Euro Area, growth in the United Kingdom despite increased volatility ahead of the June 2016 Brexit referendum, and continued growth in China, although at a slower pace than in recent years.

The U.S. dollar is expected to remain strong against most major currencies, and commodity prices, including oil, are expected to remain at low levels. We expect conditions in Brazil and Russia to remain difficult through 2016.

2016 Planning Assumptions and Key Metrics

Based on the current economic environment, our industry and GDP planning assumptions for 2016 include the following:

All in all, we see conditions as being supportive of growth in automotive industry sales globally and for the major markets shown above. We expect full-year industry sales by market to be unchanged from our prior guidance.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Our 2016 guidance for each of our business units is unchanged.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Our 2016 Company guidance is unchanged.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Risk Factors

Statements included or incorporated by reference herein may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are based on expectations, forecasts, and assumptions by our management and involve a number of risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those stated, including, without limitation:


•	Decline in industry sales volume, particularly in the United States, Europe, or China, due to financial crisis, recession, geopolitical events, or other factors;


•	Decline in Ford’s market share or failure to achieve growth;


•	Lower-than-anticipated market acceptance of Ford’s new or existing products or services;


•	Market shift away from sales of larger, more profitable vehicles beyond Ford’s current planning assumption, particularly in the United States;


•	An increase in or continued volatility of fuel prices, or reduced availability of fuel;


•	Continued or increased price competition resulting from industry excess capacity, currency fluctuations, or other factors;


•	Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and interest rates;


•	Adverse effects resulting from economic, geopolitical, or other events;


•	Economic distress of suppliers that may require Ford to provide substantial financial support or take other measures to ensure supplies of components or materials and could increase costs, affect liquidity, or cause production constraints or disruptions;


•	Work stoppages at Ford or supplier facilities or other limitations on production (whether as a result of labor disputes, natural or man-made disasters, tight credit markets or other financial distress, production constraints or difficulties, or other factors);


•	Single-source supply of components or materials;


•	Labor or other constraints on Ford’s ability to maintain competitive cost structure;


•	Substantial pension and postretirement health care and life insurance liabilities impairing liquidity or financial condition;


•	Worse-than-assumed economic and demographic experience for postretirement benefit plans (e.g., discount rates or investment returns);


•	Restriction on use of tax attributes from tax law “ownership change;”


•	The discovery of defects in vehicles resulting in delays in new model launches, recall campaigns, or increased warranty costs;


•	Increased safety, emissions, fuel economy, or other regulations resulting in higher costs, cash expenditures, and/or sales restrictions;


•	Unusual or significant litigation, governmental investigations, or adverse publicity arising out of alleged defects in products, perceived environmental impacts, or otherwise;


•	A change in requirements under long-term supply arrangements committing Ford to purchase minimum or fixed quantities of certain parts, or to pay a minimum amount to the seller (“take-or-pay” contracts);


•	Adverse effects on results from a decrease in or cessation or clawback of government incentives related to investments;


•	Inherent limitations of internal controls impacting financial statements and safeguarding of assets;


•	Cybersecurity risks to operational systems, security systems, or infrastructure owned by Ford, Ford Credit, or a third-party vendor or supplier;


•	Failure of financial institutions to fulfill commitments under committed credit and liquidity facilities;


•	Inability of Ford Credit to access debt, securitization, or derivative markets around the world at competitive rates or in sufficient amounts, due to credit rating downgrades, market volatility, market disruption, regulatory requirements, or other factors;


•	Higher-than-expected credit losses, lower-than-anticipated residual values, or higher-than-expected return volumes for leased vehicles;


•	Increased competition from banks, financial institutions, or other third parties seeking to increase their share of financing Ford vehicles; and


•	New or increased credit regulations, consumer, or data protection regulations, or other regulations resulting in higher costs and/or additional financing restrictions.

We cannot be certain that any expectation, forecast, or assumption made in preparing forward-looking statements will prove accurate, or that any projection will be realized. It is to be expected that there may be differences between projected and actual results. Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of their initial issuance, and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. For additional discussion, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2015 Form 10-K Report, as updated by our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS ISSUED BUT NOT YET ADOPTED

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) has issued the following standards, which are not expected to have a material impact (with the exception of standards 2014-09, 2016-02, and 2016-09) to our financial statements or financial statement disclosures:



Standard		Effective Date (a)
2014-15	Going Concern - Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern	December 31, 2016
2016-09	Stock Compensation - Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting	January 1, 2017 (b)
2016-07	Equity Method and Joint Ventures - Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting	January 1, 2017
2016-06	Derivatives and Hedging - Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments	January 1, 2017
2016-05	Derivatives and Hedging - Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships	January 1, 2017
2015-17	Income Taxes - Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes	January 1, 2017
2016-04	Extinguishments of Liabilities - Recognition of Breakage for Certain Prepaid Stored-Value Products	January 1, 2018
2016-01	Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities	January 1, 2018
2014-09	Revenue - Revenue from Contracts with Customers	January 1, 2018 (b) (c)
2016-02	Leases	January 1, 2019 (b)

__________

(a) Early adoption for each of the standards, except standard 2016-01, is permitted.

(b) For additional information, see Note 2 of the Notes to the Financial Statements.


(c)	The FASB has issued the following updates to the Revenue standard: Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2015-14 (Deferral of the Effective Date), ASU 2016-08 (Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)), ASU 2016-10 (Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing).

OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The interim financial information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the periods ended

March 31, 2016 and 2015 has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”). In reviewing such information, PwC has applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for reviews of interim financial information. Readers should restrict reliance on PwC’s reports on such information accordingly. PwC is not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 for its reports on interim financial information, because such reports do not constitute “reports” or “parts” of registration statements prepared or certified by PwC within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act of 1933.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Automotive Sector

Foreign Currency Risk. The net fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts (including adjustments for credit risk), as of March 31, 2016 , was an asset of $380 million compared with an asset of $322 million as of December 31, 2015 . The potential decrease in fair value from a 10% adverse change in the underlying exchange rates, in U.S. dollar terms, would be $2.5 billion at March 31, 2016 , compared with $2.2 billion at December 31, 2015 .

Commodity Price Risk. The net fair value of commodity forward contracts (including adjustments for credit risk) as of March 31, 2016 was a liability of $13 million, compared with a liability of $24 million as of December 31, 2015 . The potential decrease in fair value from a 10% adverse change in the underlying commodity prices, in U.S. dollar terms, would be $63 million at March 31, 2016 , compared with $62 million at December 31, 2015 .

Financial Services Sector

Interest Rate Risk . To provide a quantitative measure of the sensitivity of its pre-tax cash flow to changes in interest rates, Ford Credit uses interest rate scenarios that assume a hypothetical, instantaneous increase or decrease of one percentage point in all interest rates across all maturities (a “parallel shift”), as well as a base case that assumes that all interest rates remain constant at existing levels. The differences in pre-tax cash flow between these scenarios and the base case over a 12-month period represent an estimate of the sensitivity of Ford Credit’s pre-tax cash flow . Under this model, Ford Credit estimates that at March 31, 2016 , all else constant, such an increase in interest rates would decrease its pre-tax cash flow by $7 million over the next 12 months, compared with an increase of $7 million at December 31, 2015 . In reality, interest rate changes are rarely instantaneous or parallel and rates could move more or less than the one percentage point assumed in Ford Credit’s analysis. As a result, the actual impact to pre-tax cash flow could be higher or lower than the results detailed above.

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Mark Fields, our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), and Bob Shanks, our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), have performed an evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), as of March 31, 2016 , and each has concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified by SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the CEO and CFO to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

In the first quarter of 2016, we repurchased shares of Ford Common Stock from our employees or directors related to certain exercises of stock options, in accordance with our various compensation plans. We also completed a modest anti-dilutive share repurchase program to offset the dilutive effect of share-based compensation granted during 2016. The plan authorized repurchases of up to 10.7 million shares of Ford Common Stock.



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly- Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1, 2016 through January 31, 2016	1,323	$	13.11	—	—
February 1, 2016 through February 29, 2016	4,361	12.56		—	—
March 1, 2016 through March 31, 2016	10,700,000	13.50		—	—
Total/Average	10,705,684	$	13.50

ITEM 6. Exhibits.

Please see exhibit index below.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

FORD MOTOR COMPANY



By:	/s/ Stuart Rowley
	Stuart Rowley, Vice President and Controller
	(principal accounting officer)

Date:	April 28, 2016

EXHIBIT INDEX



Designation	Description	Method of Filing
Exhibit 12	Calculation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.	Filed with this Report.
Exhibit 15	Letter of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, dated April 28, 2016, relating to financial information.	Filed with this Report.
Exhibit 31.1	Rule 15d-14(a) Certification of CEO.	Filed with this Report.
Exhibit 31.2	Rule 15d-14(a) Certification of CFO.	Filed with this Report.
Exhibit 32.1	Section 1350 Certification of CEO.	Furnished with this Report.
Exhibit 32.2	Section 1350 Certification of CFO.	Furnished with this Report.
Exhibit 101.INS	XBRL Instance Document.	*
Exhibit 101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.	*
Exhibit 101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.	*
Exhibit 101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.	*
Exhibit 101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.	*
Exhibit 101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.	*

__________

* Submitted electronically with this Report in accordance with the provisions of Regulation S-T.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I. Financial Information Item 1. Financial Statements Item 1. Financial Statements (continued)Item 1. Financial Statements (continued) Ford Motor Company and Subsidiaries Notes To The Financial Statements Note 1. Presentation Note 2. New Accounting Standards Note 3. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities Note 4. Financial Services Sector Finance Receivables Note 4. Financial Services Sector Finance Receivables (continued)Note 5. Financial Services Sector Allowance For Credit Losses Note 6. Inventories Note 7. Other Liabilities and Deferred Revenue Note 8. Retirement Benefits Note 9. Debt Note 10. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities Note 10. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities (continued)Note 11. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(loss)Note 12. Other Income/(loss)Note 13. Income Taxes Note 14. Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share Note 15. Segment Information Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)Item 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations Item 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations (continued)Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 4. Controls and Procedures Part II. Other Information Item 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceeds Item 6. Exhibits

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F 10-Q Quarter ended March 31, 2016