FGI 10-Q Quarterly Report Sept. 30, 2025

FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

_____________________________________________

(Mark One)


x			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended:

September 30, 2025


o			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-41207

_____________________________________________

FGI Industries Ltd.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

_____________________________________________


Cayman Islands			98-1603252
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

906 Murray Road

East Hanover , New Jersey 07936

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

( 973 ) 428-0400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Ordinary Shares, $0.0005 par value

FGI

Nasdaq Capital Market

Warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares, $0.0005 par value

FGIWW

Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock on November 7, 2025 was 1,920,140 .

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements		3

General		4

PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION		5

Item 1.	Financial Statements.	5

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2024 (Audited).	6

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30 , 2025 and 2024.	7

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30 , 2025 and 2024.	8

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30 , 2025 and 2024.	10

	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.	11

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.	31

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.	40

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures.	40

PART II- OTHER INFORMATION		41

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings.	41

Item 1A.	Risk Factors.	41

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.	43

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities.	43

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures.	43

Item 5.	Other Information.	43

Item 6.	Exhibits.	44

SIGNATURES		45

_________________________________________________

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are subject to the safe harbor created thereby. All statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q other than statements of historical facts, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “due,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “plan,” “predict,” “positioned,” “potential,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. In addition, statements that “we believe” or similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. We have based these forward- looking statements on our current expectations about future events. While we believe these expectations are reasonable, such forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ from those expressed in, or implied by, our forward- looking statements include, but are not limited to:

• the levels of residential repair and remodel activity, and to a lesser extent, new home construction;

• the effects of inflationary pressures, financial market uncertainty and rising interest rates on the demand for our products, our costs and our ability to access capital;

• our ability to maintain our strong brands and reputation and to develop innovative products;

• our ability to maintain our competitive position in our industries;

• our reliance on key suppliers and customers;

• the occurrence of public health emergencies, including the impact on domestic and international economic activity, consumer confidence, our production capabilities, our employees and our supply chain;

• the cost and availability of materials and the imposition of tariffs;

• risks associated with our international operations and global strategies;

• our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of our strategic initiatives;

• our ability to successfully execute our acquisition strategy and integrate businesses that we may acquire;

• our ability to renew our credit facilities, obtain additional capital to finance our planned operations and to maintain our listing on Nasdaq;

• risks associated with our reliance on information systems and technology, and our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits from our investments in new technology;

• our ability to attract, develop and retain talented and diverse personnel;

• our ability to obtain additional capital to finance our planned operations;

• regulatory developments in the United States and internationally;

• our ability to establish and maintain intellectual property protection for our products, as well as our ability to operate our business without infringing the intellectual property rights of others; and

• other risks and uncertainties, including those listed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as well as subsequent reports we file from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) (available at www.sec.gov).

These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about our business and the industry in which we operate, and management’s beliefs and assumptions are not

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guarantees of future performance or development and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are in some cases beyond our control. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur at all. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference and have filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

GENERAL

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the “Company,” “FGI,” “we,” “us” or “our” refer to FGI Industries Ltd.

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PART I —FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

INDEX TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2024 (Audited)			6

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and n ine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024			7

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024			8

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024			10

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			11 - 29

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FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS
Cash	$	1,875,682	$	4,558,160
Accounts receivable, net	18,134,854		20,293,555
Inventories, net	12,335,902		13,957,867
Prepayments and other current assets	2,607,964		2,091,407
Prepayments and other receivables – related parties	17,735,791		11,996,973
Total current assets	52,690,193		52,897,962

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET	3,960,268		3,634,340

OTHER ASSETS
Intangible assets	1,784,756		1,849,951
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	11,434,340		12,823,747
Deferred tax assets, net	2,024,825		2,665,585
Other noncurrent assets	1,143,633		1,589,830
Total other assets	16,387,554		18,929,113
Total assets	$	73,038,015	$	75,461,415

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES
Short-term loans	$	14,076,346	$	14,502,367
Accounts payable	22,672,622		19,349,529
Accounts payable – related parties	23,711		894,661
Income tax payable	—		23,189
Operating lease liabilities – current	1,676,402		1,867,956
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	5,781,342		5,905,124
Total current liabilities	44,230,423		42,542,826

OTHER LIABILITIES
Operating lease liabilities – noncurrent	10,369,324		11,352,939
Total liabilities	54,599,747		53,895,765

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preference Shares ($ 0.0001 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024) (1)	—		—
Ordinary shares ($ 0.0005 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized, 1,918,311 and 1,912,783 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively) (1)	959		956
Additional paid-in capital	21,594,025		21,279,047
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings	( 299,513 )		3,212,435
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	( 1,553,835 )		( 2,239,560 )
FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders’ equity	19,741,636		22,252,878
Non-controlling interests	( 1,303,368 )		( 687,228 )
Total shareholders’ equity	18,438,268		21,565,650
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	73,038,015	$	75,461,415

(1) Giving retroactive effect to the Reverse Share Split of the Preference Shares and Ordinary Shares at a ratio of 1-for-5 that became effective July 31, 2025. See Note 9 “Shareholders' Equity” for details.

_________________________________________________

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Revenue	$	35,848,861	$	36,099,179	$	100,059,669	$	96,223,647

Cost of revenue	26,350,193		26,790,957		72,954,136		69,538,640

Gross profit	9,498,668		9,308,222		27,105,533		26,685,007

Operating expenses
Selling and distribution	6,060,571		6,284,932		19,433,477		18,676,665
General and administrative	2,784,507		2,637,141		8,330,435		7,542,019
Research and development	283,867		451,975		1,085,095		1,303,445
Total operating expenses	9,128,945		9,374,048		28,849,007		27,522,129

Income (loss) from operations	369,723		( 65,826 )		( 1,743,474 )		( 837,122 )

Other income (expenses)
Interest income	661		584		2,790		5,251
Interest expense	( 402,836 )		( 366,420 )		( 987,787 )		( 893,721 )
Other (expenses) income, net	( 36,015 )		951		( 474,124 )		457,481
Total other expenses, net	( 438,190 )		( 364,885 )		( 1,459,121 )		( 430,989 )

Loss before income taxes	( 68,467 )		( 430,711 )		( 3,202,595 )		( 1,268,111 )

Provision for (benefit of) income taxes
Current	236,226		518,585		284,733		857,293
Deferred	1,643,373		( 251,048 )		640,760		( 865,882 )
Total provision for (benefit of) income taxes	1,879,599		267,537		925,493		( 8,589 )

Net loss	( 1,948,066 )		( 698,248 )		( 4,128,088 )		( 1,259,522 )
Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling shareholders	( 296,734 )		( 148,111 )		( 616,140 )		( 460,761 )
Net loss attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders	( 1,651,332 )		( 550,137 )		( 3,511,948 )		( 798,761 )

Other comprehensive (loss) income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	( 3,742 )		47,269		685,725		( 400,289 )

Comprehensive loss	( 1,951,808 )		( 650,979 )		( 3,442,363 )		( 1,659,811 )
Less: comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling shareholders	( 296,734 )		( 148,111 )		( 616,140 )		( 460,761 )
Comprehensive loss attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders	$	( 1,655,074 )	$	( 502,868 )	$	( 2,826,223 )	$	( 1,199,050 )

Weighted average number of ordinary shares
Basic (1)	1,918,311		1,912,783		1,917,461		1,913,117
Diluted (1)	1,918,311		1,912,783		1,917,461		1,913,117

Loss per share
Basic (1)	$	( 0.86 )	$	( 0.29 )	$	( 1.83 )	$	( 0.42 )
Diluted (1)	$	( 0.86 )	$	( 0.29 )	$	( 1.83 )	$	( 0.42 )

_________________________________________________

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’

EQUITY


	Ordinary Shares (1)		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss				Non- Controlling Interests	Total Shareholders' Equity
		Shares			Amount
Balance at December 31, 2024		1,912,783	$	956		$	21,279,047	$	3,212,435	$	( 2,239,560 )		$	( 687,228 )	$	21,565,650
Share-based compensation		5,118	3			76,303		—		—			—		76,306
Net loss		—	—			—		( 629,092 )		—			( 186,465 )		( 815,557 )
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—	—			—		—		86,432			—		86,432
Balance at March 31, 2025		1,917,901	$	959		$	21,355,350	$	2,583,343	$	( 2,153,128 )		$	( 873,693 )	$	20,912,831
Share-based compensation		410	—			124,623		—		—			—		124,623
Net loss		—	—			—		( 1,231,524 )		—			( 132,941 )		( 1,364,465 )
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—	—			—		—		603,035			—		603,035
Balance at June 30, 2025		1,918,311	$	959		$	21,479,973	$	1,351,819	$	( 1,550,093 )		$	( 1,006,634 )	$	20,276,024
Share-based compensation		—	—			114,052		—		—			—		114,052
Net loss		—	—			—		( 1,651,332 )		—			( 296,734 )		( 1,948,066 )
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—	—			—		—		( 3,742 )			—		( 3,742 )
Balance at September 30, 2025		1,918,311	$	959		$	21,594,025	$	( 299,513 )	$	( 1,553,835 )		$	( 1,303,368 )	$	18,438,268

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	Ordinary Shares (1)		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss				Non- Controlling Interests	Total Shareholders' Equity
		Shares			Amount
Balance at December 31, 2023		1,909,521	$	955		$	20,877,832	$	4,413,524	$	( 1,111,499 )		$	( 154,040 )	$	24,026,772
Share-based compensation		—	—			119,586		—		—			—		119,586
Net loss		—	—			—		( 412,189 )		—			( 125,670 )		( 537,859 )
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—	—			—		—		( 22,578 )			—		( 22,578 )
Balance at March 31, 2024		1,909,521	$	955		$	20,997,418	$	4,001,335	$	( 1,134,077 )		$	( 279,710 )	$	23,585,921
Share-based compensation		3,262	1			208,504		—		—			—		208,505
Net income (loss)		—	—			—		163,565		—			( 186,980 )		( 23,415 )
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—	—			—		—		( 424,980 )			—		( 424,980 )
Balance at June 30, 2024		1,912,783	$	956		$	21,205,922	$	4,164,900	$	( 1,559,057 )		$	( 466,690 )	$	23,346,031
Share-based compensation		—	—			208,506		—		—			—		208,506
Net loss		—	—			—		( 550,137 )		—			( 148,111 )		( 698,248 )
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—	—			—		—		47,269			—		47,269
Balance at September 30, 2024		1,912,783	$	956		$	21,414,428	$	3,614,763	$	( 1,511,788 )		$	( 614,801 )	$	22,903,558

_________________________________________________

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024
	USD		USD
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss	$	( 4,128,088 )	$	( 1,259,522 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Depreciation	493,977		324,683
Amortization	1,662,110		1,818,366
Share-based compensation	314,981		536,597
Provision for credit losses	120,576		79,762
Provision for defective return	307,154		489,975
Foreign exchange transaction (gain) loss	412,060		( 225,317 )
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	640,760		( 850,825 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	1,730,971		( 3,792,409 )
Inventories	1,621,965		( 3,861,657 )
Prepayments and other current assets	( 303,419 )		785,879
Prepayments and other receivables – related parties	( 5,738,818 )		( 5,960,704 )
Other noncurrent assets	446,197		( 627,654 )
Income taxes	( 236,328 )		( 124,369 )
Accounts payable	3,323,093		5,703,521
Accounts payable - related parties	( 870,950 )		( 730,254 )
Operating lease liabilities	( 1,343,196 )		( 1,443,510 )
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	( 123,781 )		1,094,693
Net cash used in operating activities	( 1,670,736 )		( 8,042,745 )

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of property and equipment	( 818,650 )		( 1,374,500 )
Purchase of intangible assets	( 75,196 )		( 669,764 )
Net cash used in investing activities	( 893,846 )		( 2,044,264 )

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net proceeds from (repayments of) revolving credit facility	( 426,021 )		5,526,322
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	( 426,021 )		5,526,322

EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATION ON CASH	308,125		( 171,892 )

NET CHANGES IN CASH	( 2,682,478 )		( 4,732,579 )
CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD	4,558,160		7,777,241
CASH, END OF PERIOD	$	1,875,682	$	3,044,662

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	( 989,844 )	$	( 881,759 )
Cash paid during the period for income taxes	$	( 513,974 )	$	( 961,890 )

NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Lease liability arising from obtaining a right-of-use asset	$	1,150,282	$	( 16,807 )
Derecognition of right-of-use asset and lease liability upon early termination	$	( 1,251,111 )	$	—
Acquisition of intangible asset partially through prior period advanced payment	$	—	$	( 1,241,664 )

_________________________________________________

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FGI INDUSTRIES LTD.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 — Nature of business and organization

FGI Industries Ltd. (“FGI” or the “Company”) is a holding company organized on May 26, 2021, under the laws of the Cayman Islands. The Company has no substantive operations other than holding all of the outstanding equity of its operating subsidiaries as described below. The Company is a supplier of global kitchen and bath products and currently focuses on the following categories: sanitaryware (primarily toilets, sinks, pedestals and toilet seats), bath furniture (vanities, mirrors and cabinets), shower systems, customer kitchen cabinetry and other accessory items. These products are sold primarily for repair and remodeling (“R&R”) activity and, to a lesser extent, new home or commercial construction. The Company sells its products through numerous partners, including mass retail centers, wholesale and commercial distributors, online retailers and independent dealers and distributors.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the activities of FGI and each of the following entities as described below:

Name

Background

Ownership

FGI Industries Inc.
(“FGI Industries”, formerly named Foremost Groups, Inc.)

• A New Jersey corporation

• Incorporated on January 5, 1988

• Sales and distribution in the United States

100 % owned by FGI

FGI Europe Investment Limited
(“FGI Europe”)

• A British Virgin Islands holding company

• Incorporated on January 1, 2007

100 % owned by FGI

FGI International, Limited
(“FGI HK”)

• A Hong Kong company

• Incorporated on June 2, 2021

• Sales, sourcing and product development

100 % owned by FGI

FGI Canada Ltd.
(“FGI Canada”)

• A Canadian company

• Incorporated on October 17, 1997

• Sales and distribution in Canada

100 % owned by FGI Industries Inc.

FGI Germany GmbH & Co. KG
(“FGI Germany”)

• A German company

• Incorporated on January 24, 2013

• Sales and distribution in Germany

100 % owned by FGI Europe Investment Limited

FGI China, Ltd.
(“FGI China”)

• A PRC limited liability company

• Incorporated on August 19, 2021

• Sourcing and product development

100 % owned by FGI International, Limited

FGI United Kingdom Ltd
(“FGI UK”)

• An UK company

• Incorporated on December 10, 2021

• Sales and distribution in UK

100 % owned by FGI Europe Investment Limited

FGI Australasia Pty Ltd
(“FGI AU”)

• An Australian company

• Incorporated on September 8, 2022

• Sales and distribution in Australia

100 % owned by FGI

Covered Bridge Cabinetry Manufacturing Co., Ltd
(“CBM”)

• A Cambodian company

• Incorporated on April 21, 2022

• Manufacturing in Cambodia

100 % owned by FGI

Isla Porter LLC
(“Isla Porter”)

• A New Jersey company

• Formed on June 2, 2023

• Sales and distribution in the United States

60 % owned by FGI Industries Inc.

FGI Industries India Private Limited
(“FGI India”)

• An Indian company

• Incorporated on June 11, 2024

• Sales and distribution in India

100 % owned by FGI

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Note 2 — Summary of significant accounting policies

Liquidity

The Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will continue to operate in the normal course of business and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities as they become due. However, substantial doubt exists about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred net loss of $ 4.1 million and $ 1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, respectively. In addition, the Company had net cash used in operating activities of $ 1.7 million and net cash used in operating activities of $ 7.4 million for the same respective periods. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had approximately $ 1.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and had $ 14.1 million outstanding under its credit facilities, which were used primarily for working capital purposes.

As discussed in Note 8, the Company was not in compliance with certain financial covenants related to its debt coverage ratio as of September 30, 2025. The Company is in discussions with its lenders regarding these covenant breaches.

Additionally, the Company has been facing adverse impacts from elevated tariff costs on imported goods. These increased costs have put pressure on gross margins and have contributed to the overall liquidity challenges.

In response to the conditions that gave rise to the substantial doubt, the Company implemented a number of actions, including:

• Termination of the lease for one of its warehouse facilities in the first quarter of 2025, which resulted in a non-recurring lease exit cost. The facility had idle capacity, and the termination reduced the Company’s ongoing fixed overhead expenses.

• Execution of cost control initiatives across multiple operating departments, targeting to lower recurring operating expenses.

• Commercial launch and promotion of new product lines, including anti-overflow toilets, shower systems, and custom kitchen cabinetry, which began generating increased revenue lately.

• In the event of a requirement for immediate loan repayment, the Company has sufficient accounts receivable available for factoring to meet such obligations.

As a result of these actions, the Company expects to improve its liquidity and reduce its cost structure. The Company’s management is of the opinion that it has sufficient funds to meet the Company’s working capital requirements and debt obligations as they become due over the next twelve (12) months.

Basis of presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commissions (the “SEC”), regarding financial reporting, and include all normal and recurring adjustments that management of the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position and operation results. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

Principles of consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries are eliminated upon consolidation.

Subsidiaries are those entities which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power; or has the power to govern the financial and operating policies, to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, or to cast a majority of votes at a meeting of directors.

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Use of estimates and assumptions

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods presented. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the useful lives of property and equipment, allowance for credit losses, inventory reserve, accrued defective return, provision for contingent liabilities, revenue recognition, deferred taxes and uncertain tax position. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Foreign currency translation and transaction

The functional currencies of the Company and its subsidiaries are the local currency of the country in which the subsidiaries operate, except for FGI International, which is incorporated in Hong Kong and adopted the United States Dollar (“U.S. Dollar” or “USD”) as its functional currency. The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. Dollar. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the applicable rates of exchange in effect at that date. The equity denominated in the functional currencies is translated at the historical rates of exchange at the time of capital contributions. The results of operations and the cash flows denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the average rates of exchange during the reporting period. Because cash flows are translated based on the average translation rates, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

For the purpose of presenting the financial statements of subsidiaries using the Renminbi (“RMB”) as their functional currency, the Company’s assets and liabilities are expressed in U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, which was 7.1274 and 7.3094 as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; shareholders’ equity accounts are translated at historical rates, and income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.

For the purpose of presenting the financial statements of the subsidiary using the Canadian Dollar (“CAD”) as its functional currency, the Company’s assets and liabilities are expressed in U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, which was 1.3841 and 1.4384 as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; shareholders’ equity accounts are translated at historical rates, and income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.

For the purpose of presenting the financial statements of the subsidiary using the Euro (“EUR”) as its functional currency, the Company’s assets and liabilities are expressed in U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, which was 0.8527 and 0.9600 as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; shareholders’ equity accounts are translated at historical rates, and income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.

For the purpose of presenting the financial statements of the subsidiary using the Indian Rupee (“INR”) as its functional currency, the Company’s assets and liabilities are expressed in U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, which was 88.7083 and 85.4912 as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively; shareholders’ equity accounts are translated at historical rates, and income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.

Cash

Cash consists of cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions that have original maturities of three months or less. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

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Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivables include trade accounts due from customers. In establishing the required allowance for expected credit losses, management considers historical collection experience, aging of the receivables, the economic environment, industry trend analysis, and the credit history and financial conditions of the customers. Management reviews its receivables on a regular basis to determine if the expected credit losses are adequate and adjusts the allowance when necessary. Delinquent account balances are written off against allowance for credit losses after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable.

Inventories, net

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost consists of purchase price and related shipping and handling expenses, and is determined using the weighted average cost method, based on individual products. The methods of determining inventory costs are used consistently from year to year. A provision for slow-moving items is calculated based on historical experience. Management reviews this provision quarterly to assess whether, based on economic conditions, it is adequate.

Prepayments

Prepayments are cash deposited or advanced to suppliers for the purchase of goods or services that have not been received or provided. This amount is refundable and bears no interest. Prepayments and deposits are classified as either current or non-current based on the terms of the respective agreements. These advances are unsecured and are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired.

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and impairment. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method from the time the assets are placed in service. Upon retirement or disposal, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Maintenance and repair costs are charged against earnings as incurred. Estimated useful lives are as follows:


			Useful Life
Building			20 years
Leasehold Improvements			Lesser of lease term and expected useful life
Machinery and equipment			3 – 5 years
Furniture and fixtures			3 – 5 years
Vehicles			5 years
Molds			3 – 5 years

Intangible assets, net

The Company’s intangible assets with definite useful lives primarily consist of software acquired for internal use. The Company amortizes its intangible assets with definite useful lives over their estimated useful lives and reviews these assets for impairment. The Company typically amortizes its intangible assets with definite useful lives on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of three to ten years .

Impairment for long-lived assets

Long-lived assets, including property and equipment and intangible assets with definite useful lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever material events or changes in circumstances (such as a significant adverse change to market conditions that will impact the future use of the assets) indicate that the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of an asset group based on the undiscounted future cash flows the asset group is expected to generate and recognize an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset group plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset group, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset group. If an impairment is identified, the Company would reduce the carrying amount of the asset group to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and

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appropriate, to comparable market values. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, no impairment of long-lived assets was recognized.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, net (“ROU assets”), operating lease liabilities — current and operating lease liabilities — noncurrent on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the duration of the lease term while lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments in exchange for the right to use an underlying asset. ROU assets and lease liabilities are measured based on the present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. The ROU asset also includes any lease payments made prior to the commencement date and initial direct costs incurred, and is reduced by any lease incentives received. The Company reviews its ROU assets as material events occur or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount of the ROU assets are not recoverable and exceed their fair values. If the carrying amount of an ROU asset is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows, then the Company would recognize an impairment loss for the difference between the carrying amount and the current fair value.

As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate on the commencement date of the lease as the discount rate in determining the present value of future lease payments. The Company determines the incremental borrowing rate for each lease by using the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when there are relevant economic incentives present that make it reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The Company accounts for any non- lease components separately from lease components.

Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Fair Value Measurement

The accounting standard regarding fair value of financial instruments and related fair value measurements defines financial instruments and requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments held by the Company.

The accounting standards define fair value, establish a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhance disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

• Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

• Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.

• Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.

Financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities are reported in the consolidated balance sheets at face value or cost, which approximate fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rates of interest.

Revenue recognition

The Company recognized revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or performance obligations for services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the goods or services.

The Company generates revenue from sales of kitchen and bath products, and recognizes revenue as control of its products is transferred to its customers, which is generally at the time of shipment or upon delivery based on the

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contractual terms with the Company’s customers. The Company’s customers’ payment terms generally range from 15 to 60 days of fulfilling its performance obligations and recognizing revenue .

The Company provides customer programs and incentive offerings, including co-operative marketing arrangements and volume-based incentives. These customer programs and incentives are considered variable consideration. The Company includes in revenue variable consideration only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the variable consideration is resolved. This determination is made based upon known customer program and incentive offerings at the time of sale, and expected sales volume forecasts as it relates to the Company’s volume- based incentives. This determination is updated on a monthly basis.

Certain product sales include a right of return. The Company estimates future product returns at the time of sale based on historical experience and records a corresponding reduction in accounts receivable.

The Company records receivables related to revenue when it has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment.

The Company’s disaggregated revenue is summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Revenue by product line
Sanitaryware	$	22,945,010	$	21,451,387	$	61,187,767	$	59,303,663
Bath Furniture	3,714,301		4,162,292		11,952,906		11,282,623
Shower System	5,869,423		7,143,283		16,786,602		18,793,999
Others	3,320,127		3,342,217		10,132,394		6,843,362
Total	$	35,848,861	$	36,099,179	$	100,059,669	$	96,223,647


	Total Revenue								Total Assets
	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				As of September 30,		As of December 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD		USD		USD
Revenue/ total assets by geographic location
United States	$	22,493,458	$	22,195,976	$	61,632,691	$	59,833,465	$	49,826,583	$	47,935,433
Canada	9,120,195		9,916,907		26,072,809		26,391,317		13,571,574		15,027,362
Europe	3,666,761		3,418,826		10,407,865		9,273,872		1,953,046		1,625,994
Rest of World	568,447		567,470		1,946,304		724,993		7,686,812		10,872,626
Total	$	35,848,861	$	36,099,179	$	100,059,669	$	96,223,647	$	73,038,015	$	75,461,415

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are included in selling and distribution expenses on the accompanying statement of operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, shipping and handling expense was $ 328,371 and $ 288,657 , respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, shipping and handling expense was $ 1,027,507 and $ 804,388 , respectively.

Share-based compensation

The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). In accordance with ASC 718, the Company determines whether an award should be classified and accounted for as a liability award or an equity award. All the Company’s share-based awards were classified as equity awards and are recognized in the consolidated financial statements based on their grant date fair values.

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The Company has elected to recognize share-based compensation using the straight-line method for all share-based awards granted over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur in accordance with ASC 718. The Company determines the fair value of the stock options granted to employees. The Black Scholes Model is applied in determining the estimated fair value of the options granted to employees and non-employees. The Company recognized share-based compensation of $ 114,052 and $ 208,506 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $ 314,981 and $ 536,597 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Income Taxes

Deferred taxes are recognized based on the future tax consequences of the differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The future realization of deferred tax assets depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income in future periods. Possible sources of taxable income include taxable income in carryback periods, the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences recorded as a deferred tax liability, tax-planning strategies that generate future income or gains in excess of anticipated losses in the carryforward period and projected future taxable income.

If, based upon all available evidence, both positive and negative, it is more likely than not (i.e., more than 50 percent likely) that such deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded. Significant weight is given to positive and negative evidence that is objectively verifiable. A company’s three-year cumulative loss position is significant negative evidence in considering whether deferred tax assets are realizable, and the accounting guidance restricts the amount of reliance we can place on projected taxable income to support the recovery of the deferred tax assets.

The current accounting guidance allows the recognition of only those income tax positions that have a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities. The Company believes that there is an increased potential for volatility in its effective tax rate because this threshold allows for changes in the income tax environment and, to a greater extent, the inherent complexities of income tax law in a substantial number of jurisdictions, which may affect the computation of its liability for uncertain tax positions.

The Company records interest and penalties on our uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.

As of September 30, 2025, the tax years ended December 31, 2022 through December 31, 2024 for FGI Industries remain open for statutory examination by tax authority.

The Company records the tax effects of Foreign Derived Intangible Income (FDII) and Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (GILTI) related to our foreign operations as a component of income tax expense in the period in which the tax arises.

Non-controlling interests

The Company’s non-controlling interests represent the minority shareholders’ ownership interests related to the Company’s subsidiary, including 40 % in Isla Porter LLC. The non-controlling interests are presented in the unaudited consolidated balance sheets, separate from equity attributable to the shareholders of the Company. Non-controlling interests in the results of operations of the Company are presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as allocations of the net income or loss for the period between non-controlling shareholders and the shareholders of the Company.

Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) consists of two components: net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that under U.S. GAAP are recorded as an element of equity but are excluded from net income. Other comprehensive income consists of a foreign currency translation adjustment resulting from the Company not using the U.S. Dollar as its functional currencies.

Earnings (loss) per share

The Company computes earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260 – Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the

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beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 :


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders	$	( 1,651,332 )	$	( 550,137 )	$	( 3,511,948 )	$	( 798,761 )

Denominator:
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding — basic (1)	1,918,311		1,912,783		1,917,461		1,913,117
Potentially dilutive shares from outstanding options/warrants (1)	—		—		—		—
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding — diluted (1)	1,918,311		1,912,783		1,917,461		1,913,117

Earnings (loss) per share — basic (1)	$	( 0.86 )	$	( 0.29 )	$	( 1.83 )	$	( 0.42 )
Earnings (loss) per share — diluted (1)	$	( 0.86 )	$	( 0.29 )	$	( 1.83 )	$	( 0.42 )

Segment reporting

ASC 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in financial statements for detailing the Company’s business segments.

Recently adopted accounting standards

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which requires additional disclosures regarding an entity’s reportable segments, particularly regarding significant segment expenses, as well as information relating to the chief operating decision maker. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has adopted this standard on a retrospective basis since annual periods beginning January 1, 2024. The adoption of this guidance modified our disclosures, but did not have an impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Recently issued accounting standards

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires additional income tax disclosures, particularly regarding the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective on a prospective or retrospective basis for annual period beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company plans to adopt this ASU for its annual period beginning January 1, 2025. The adoption of this guidance will modify the Company’s disclosures, but is not expected to have an impact on its financial position or results of operations.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses,” which requires additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. ASU 2024-03 is effective on a

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prospective or retrospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company plans to adopt this ASU for its annual period beginning January 1, 2027. The adoption of this guidance will modify the Company’s disclosures, but is not expected to have an impact on its financial position or results of operations.

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed above were assessed and determined not to be applicable.

Note 3 — Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Accounts receivable	$	19,658,445	$	21,487,303
Allowance for credit losses	( 214,510 )		( 191,821 )
Accrued defective return and discount	( 1,309,081 )		( 1,001,927 )
Accounts receivable, net	$	18,134,854	$	20,293,555

Movements of allowance for credit losses are as follows:


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,		For the Year Ended December 31,
	2025		2024
	USD		USD

Beginning balance	$	191,821	$	244,879
Provision	120,576		137,592
Write-off	( 97,887 )		( 190,650 )
Ending balance	$	214,510	$	191,821

Movements of accrued defective return and discount accounts are as follows:


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,		For the Year Ended December 31,
	2025		2024
	USD		USD

Beginning balance	$	1,001,927	$	744,284
Provision (recovery)	307,154		257,643
Ending balance	$	1,309,081	$	1,001,927

Note 4 — Inventories, net

Inventories, net consisted of finished goods as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

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Note 5 — Prepayments and other assets

Prepayments and other assets consisted of the following:


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Prepayments	$	1,768,297	$	1,806,555
Others	839,667		284,852
Total prepayments and other assets	$	2,607,964	$	2,091,407

Note 6 — Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consist of the following:


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Building	$	946,066	$	946,066
Leasehold Improvements	2,353,001		1,919,687
Machinery and equipment	3,950,141		3,549,167
Furniture and fixtures	277,268		274,994
Vehicles	147,912		147,912
Molds	26,377		26,377
Subtotal	7,700,765		6,864,203
Less: accumulated depreciation	( 3,753,591 )		( 3,311,647 )
Prepayment for purchase of equipment and construction-in-progress	13,094		81,784
Total	$	3,960,268	$	3,634,340

Depreciation expenses amounted to $ 182,759 and $ 125,244 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 respectively, and $ 493,977 and $ 324,683 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Depreciation expenses were included in general and administrative expenses on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Note 7 — Leases

The Company has operating leases primarily for corporate offices, warehouses and showrooms. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s leases have remaining lease terms up to 8.8 years.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company terminated the lease agreement related to its warehouse facility in Indiana as part of a strategic decision. As a result of the early termination, the Company derecognized the related right-of-use asset and lease liability associated with the Indiana facility. The lease termination did not result in any significant gain or loss for the period. The Company also entered into two new lease agreements for office and warehouse spaces in Portage, Indiana, with lease terms through January 2032.

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, total lease expenses were $ 634,127 and $ 699,646 , respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, total lease expenses were $ 1,938,548 and $ 2,099,500 , respectively.

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The table below presents the operating lease related assets and liabilities recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets:


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	11,434,340	$	12,823,747
Operating lease liabilities – current	$	1,676,402	$	1,867,956
Operating lease liabilities – noncurrent	10,369,324		11,352,939
Total operating lease liabilities	$	12,045,726	$	13,220,895

Information relating to the lease term and discount rate are as follows:


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024

Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases	8.8 years		8.7 years
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases	5.9	%	5.7	%

As of September 30, 2025 , the maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:


For the 12 months ending September 30,
2026	$	2,337,331
2027	2,342,014
2028	2,411,760
2029	1,878,702
2030	1,168,540
Thereafter	4,969,550
Total lease payments	15,107,897
Less: imputed interest	( 3,062,171 )
Present value of lease liabilities	$	12,045,726

Note 8 — Short-term loans

Bank loan

The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, FGI Industries, has a line of credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with East West Bank, which is collateralized by all assets of FGI Industries and personally guaranteed by Liang Chou Chen, who holds approximately 49.91 % of the voting control of Foremost. The current amount of maximum borrowings is $ 18,000,000 and the Credit Agreement had a maturity date of December 21, 2024. East West Bank has agreed to extend the maturity date to December 5, 2025 while efforts regarding a renewal of the facility are ongoing. This is an assets-based line of credit, the borrowing limit is calculated based on certain percentage of accounts receivable and inventory balances.

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shareholders, and affiliates minus intangible assets and accumulated amortization) not to exceed 4.0 to 1, tested at the end of each fiscal quarter, on a consolidated basis. As of September 30, 2025, FGI Industries was not in compliance with certain financial covenants related to its debt coverage ratio. As of the date of this quarterly report, FGI Industries has requested a waiver from the lender, which is being processed by the lender. In the absence of an executed waiver, the Company has classified the outstanding balance of the loan as a current liability on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2025.

The loan bears interest at rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either (i) 0.25 percentage points less than the Prime Rate quoted by the Wall Street Journal or (ii) the SOFR Rate (as administered by CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited and displayed by Bloomberg LP) plus 2.20 % per annum (in either case, subject to a minimum rate of 4.500 % per annum) . The interest rate as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024 was 7.00 % and 7.25 %, respectively.

Each sum of borrowings under the Credit Agreement is deemed due on demand and is classified as a short-term loan. The outstanding balance of such loan was $ 9.7 million and $ 9.6 million as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.

RBC Bank Loan / Foreign Exchange Facility

FGI Canada has a line of credit agreement with Royal Bank of Canada (“RBC”), successor by amalgamation of HSBC Canada (the “Canadian Revolver”). The revolving line of credit with RBC allows for borrowing up to CAD 7.5 million (USD 5.4 million as of September 30, 2025). This is an assets-based line of credit, the borrowing limit is calculated based on certain percentage of accounts receivable and inventory balances. Pursuant to the Canadian Revolver, FGI Canada Ltd. is required to maintain (a) a debt to tangible net worth ratio of no more than 3.00 to 1.00; and (b) a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of at least 1.25 to 1.00. The loan bears interest at a rate of Prime rate plus 0.50 %. As of September 30, 2025, FGI Canada was in compliance with these financial covenants.

Borrowings under this line of credit amounted to $ 1.8 million and $ 2.6 million as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. The facility matures at the discretion of RBC upon 60 days’ notice.

FGI Canada also has a revolving foreign exchange facility with RBC of up to a permitted maximum of USD 3.0 million. The advances are available to purchase foreign exchange forward contracts from time to time up to six months, subject to an overall maximum aggregate USD Equivalent outstanding face value not exceeding USD 3.0 million.

CTBC Credit Facility

On January 25, 2024, FGI International entered into an omnibus credit line (the “CTBC Credit Line”) with CTBC Bank Co., Ltd. (“CTBC”). Under the CTBC Credit Line, FGI International may borrow, from time to time, up to $ 2.3 million, with borrowings limited to 90 % of FGI International’s export “open account” trade receivables. On January 14, 2025, FGI International and CTBC agreed to increase the CTBC Credit Line to $ 3.0 million. The CTBC Credit Line will bear interest at a rate of “Base Rate”, which is based on monthly or quarterly Taipei Interbank Offered in effect from time to time, plus 120 base points and handling fees, unless otherwise agreed to by the parties. The CTBC Credit Line is unsecured and is fully guaranteed by the Company and partially guaranteed by Liang Chou Chen. Borrowings under this line of credit amounted to $ 2.6 million and $ 2.3 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Note 9 — Shareholders’ Equity

FGI was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on May 26, 2021. The Company’s authorized share capital was $ 21,000 divided into (i) 200,000,000 Ordinary Shares of par value of $ 0.0001 each, and (ii) 10,000,000 Preference Shares of par value of $ 0.0001 each.

On July 28, 2025, the Company filed an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Company’s Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association with the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands to effect a 1-for-5 reverse share split (the “Reverse Share Split”) of the Company’s ordinary shares, par value $ 0.0001 per share (“Ordinary Shares”). Pursuant to the Amendment, effective as of 12:01 a.m., Eastern Time, on July 31, 2025 (the “Effective Time”), every 5 Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding, including Ordinary Shares held by the Company as treasury shares, was automatically combined into one Ordinary Share. As a result of the Reverse Share Split, the number of authorized Ordinary Shares was decreased to 40 million and the par value of the Company’s Ordinary Shares went from $ 0.0001 per share to $ 0.0005 per share. The Reverse Share Split affected all record holders of the Ordinary Shares uniformly and did not affect any record holder’s percentage ownership interest in the Company, except for de minimis changes as a result of the elimination of fractional shares.

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Proportional adjustments were made to the number of Ordinary Shares issuable upon the exercise, conversion or

vesting of the Company’s equity awards and warrants, as well as the applicable exercise price.

As of the date of this report, equity-classified warrants exercisable for 575,000 shares were issued and outstanding; and none of the warrants have been exercised.

Note 10 — Share-based compensation

2021 Equity Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On October 7, 2021, the board of directors adopted the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Equity Plan”). The 2021 Equity Plan permits the grant of equity and equity-based incentive awards, including non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, stock unit awards and other stock-based awards. The purpose of the 2021 Equity Plan is to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of responsibility within the Company, to provide additional incentives to them to align their interests with those of the Company’s shareholders and to thereby promote the Company’s long-term business success.

On October 7, 2021, the board approved the adoption of the FGI Industries Ltd. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP was approved by the Company’s shareholders on October 7, 2021, and became effective on the effective date of the Company’s consummation of the IPO of its ordinary shares. The ESPP offers eligible employees the opportunity to acquire a stock ownership interest in the Company through periodic payroll deductions that will be applied towards the purchase of ordinary shares at a discount from the then-current market price.

The board set the maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares reserved and available pursuant to the 2021 Equity Plan at 1,500,000 shares. The number of ordinary shares reserved for issuance under our 2021 Equity Plan will automatically increase on the first day of each year, commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2031, in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) 4.5 % of the total number of ordinary shares outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding calendar year, (b) 600,000 ordinary shares, or (c) such lesser number of shares as determined by the Board. The Equity Plan became effective on September 28, 2021.

The Company believes the options or awards granted contain an explicit service condition and/or performance condition. Under ASC 718-10-55-76, if the vesting (or exercisability) of an award is based on the satisfaction of both a service and performance condition, the entity must initially determine which outcomes are probable and recognize the compensation cost over the longer of the explicit or implicit service period.

The following table summarizes the Company's share option and RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:


	Share Options								RSUs
	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	Average Intrinsic Value		Number of RSUs	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
		USD		USD		Years	USD			USD
Beginning of period	234,283	$	9.10	$	4.81				117,912	$	13.53
Granted	208,640	$	3.79	$	2.75				166,766	$	4.05
Canceled	( 105,927 )	$	7.50	$	4.22				—
Exercised or released	—								( 12,444 )	$	19.40
End of period	336,996	$	6.32	$	3.72	8.64	$	456,328	272,234	$	8.34
Vested and exercisable	105,216	$	11.15	$	5.55	7.03	$	—

The table above gives retroactive effect to the Reverse Share Split of the Preference Shares and Ordinary Shares at a ratio of 1-for-5 that became effective July 31, 2025. See Note 9 “Shareholders' Equity” for details.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the total fair value of options awarded was $ 572,745 and $ 573,163 , respectively.

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The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the difference between the exercise price of the awards and the fair value of the underlying Ordinary Shares at each reporting date, for those awards that had exercise price below the estimated fair value of the relevant Ordinary Shares.

Fair value of options

The Company used the Black-Scholes simplified method for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The assumptions used to value the options granted to employees were as follows:


	April 2025		March 2025		April 2024		March 2024

Risk-free interest rate (%)	4.24		4.05		4.54		4.21
Expected volatility range (%)	83.92		82.15		55.32		55.11
Fair market value per ordinary share as at grant dates	$	2.45	$	4.05	$	6.60	$	7.50

The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for a term consistent with the contractual term of the awards. Expected volatility is estimated based on the volatility of ordinary shares of the Company. The expected exercise multiple is based on management’s estimation, which the Company believes is representative of the future.

The Company has elected to recognize share-based compensation expense using a straight-line method for all the employee equity awards granted with graded vesting based on service conditions, provided that the amount of compensation cost recognized at any date is at least equal to the portion of the grant date fair value of the equity awards that are vested at that date.

The following table sets forth the amount of share-based compensation expense included in each of the relevant financial statement line items:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Selling and distribution expenses	$	17,567	$	42,668	$	71,022	$	116,584
General and administrative expenses	96,485		165,838		243,959		420,013
Total share-based compensation expenses	$	114,052	$	208,506	$	314,981	$	536,597

As of September 30, 2025, there was $ 1,148,381 in total unrecognized employee share-based compensation expense related to unvested options and RSUs, which may be adjusted for actual forfeitures occurring in the future. Total unrecognized compensation cost may be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.80 years.

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Note 11 — Income taxes

The source of pre-tax income and the components of income tax expense are as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Income components
United States	$	( 237,190 )	$	( 1,614,080 )	$	( 3,669,132 )	$	( 3,455,011 )
Outside United States	168,723		1,183,369		466,537		2,186,900
Total pre-tax loss	$	( 68,467 )	$	( 430,711 )	$	( 3,202,595 )	$	( 1,268,111 )
Provision for (benefit of) income taxes
Current
Federal	$	—	$	( 12,757 )	$	—	$	( 12,219 )
State	( 6,388 )		29,128		5,244		37,553
Foreign	242,614		502,214		279,489		831,959
	236,226		518,585		284,733		857,293
Deferred
Federal	1,271,304		( 154,816 )		484,868		( 572,163 )
State	379,362		( 96,232 )		163,185		( 149,646 )
Foreign	( 7,293 )		—		( 7,293 )		( 144,073 )
	1,643,373		( 251,048 )		640,760		( 865,882 )
Total benefit of income taxes	$	1,879,599	$	267,537	$	925,493	$	( 8,589 )

Reconciliations between taxes at the U.S. federal income tax rate and taxes at the Company’s effective income tax rate on earnings before income taxes are as follows:


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025	2024
	%	%
Federal statutory rate	21.0	21.0
Increase (decrease) in tax rate resulting from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit	6.4	6.1
Foreign operations	( 5.2 )	( 16.2 )
Permanent items	( 0.6 )	( 10.8 )
Deferred adjustments	7.1	( 0.1 )
Valuation allowance	( 57.2 )	—
Others	( 0.4 )	0.7
Effective tax rate	( 28.9 )	0.7

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The following is a summary of the components of the net deferred tax assets and liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheets:


	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Deferred tax assets
Allowance for credit losses	$	49,406	$	45,859
Other reserve	133,704		127,515
Accrued expenses	184,570		152,600
Lease liability	1,205,257		1,464,256
Charitable contributions	3,559		331
Business interest limitation	993,061		634,794
Net operating loss – federal	1,518,607		976,500
Net operating loss – state	477,695		328,861
Other	194,996		186,554
Total deferred tax assets	4,760,855		3,917,270
Less: valuation allowance	( 1,831,630 )		—
Net deferred tax assets	2,929,225		3,917,270
Deferred tax liabilities
Fixed assets	1,177,754		1,416,178
Intangibles	( 273,354 )		( 164,493 )
Total deferred tax liabilities	904,400		1,251,685
Deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities	$	2,024,825	$	2,665,585

The deferred tax assets related to the Company’s net operating losses of $ 14,886,529 (Federal $ 7,231,456 and States $ 7,655,073 ) and $ 10,056,026 (Federal $ 4,649,994 and States $ 5,406,032 ) as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The federal net operating losses have no expiration date. The states net operating losses have either 20 years or no expiration date. The Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. The Company has not taken any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase within the next 12 months.

On July 4, 2025, President Trump signed into law the legislation commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”). The OBBBA includes various provisions, such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions. The OBBBA legislation is not expected to have a material impact on our effective tax rate, deferred tax position, or results of operations in 2025.

Note 12 — Related party transactions and balances

Sales to a related party


Name of Related Party	Relationship	Nature of Transactions	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2025		2024		2025		2024
			USD		USD		USD		USD
Foremost Worldwide Co., Ltd.	An entity under common control	Sales	$	300,332	$	408,977	$	1,660,567	$	408,977
			$	300,332	$	408,977	$	1,660,567	$	408,977

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Purchases from related parties


Name of Related Party	Relationship	Nature of Transactions	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2025		2024		2025		2024
			USD		USD		USD		USD
Focal Capital Holding Limited	An entity under common control	Purchases	$	1,063,744	$	1,903,797	$	4,412,916	$	4,658,602
Foremost Worldwide Co., Ltd.	An entity under common control	Purchases	1,461,397		1,883,192		4,116,219		5,837,250
Rizhao Foremost Woodwork Manufacturing Co., Ltd.	An entity under common control	Purchases	27,542		15,874		232,349		39,943
F.P.Z. Furniture (Cambodia) Co., Ltd.	An entity under common control	Purchases	3,617		—		15,376		—
			$	2,556,300	$	3,802,863	$	8,776,860	$	10,535,795

The ending balances of such transactions as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are listed of the following:

Prepayments — related parties


Name of Related Party	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Focal Capital Holding Limited	$	5,550,455	$	9,975,298
Foremost Worldwide Co., Ltd.	9,448,354		—
	$	14,998,809	$	9,975,298

Accounts Payables — related parties


Name of Related Party	As of September 30, 2025		As of December 31, 2024
	USD		USD

Foremost Worldwide Co., Ltd.	$	—	$	718,605
Rizhao Foremost Woodwork Manufacturing Co., Ltd.	23,711		56,389
F.P.Z. Furniture (Cambodia) Co., Ltd.	—		119,667
	$	23,711	$	894,661

Shared Service and Miscellaneous expenses – related party

FGI Industries is party to the FHI Shared Services Agreement with FHI. Total amounts provided to FHI under the FHI Share Services Agreement were $ 167,381 and $ 189,081 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $ 510,917 and $ 552,043 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which were booked under selling and distribution expenses and administration expenses.

FGI is party to the Worldwide Shared Services Agreement with Foremost Worldwide. Total amounts provided from Foremost Worldwide under the Worldwide Shared Services Agreement were $ 76,690 and $ 82,908 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $ 210,261 and $ 217,504 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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Other Receivables (Payables) — related parties

Name of Related Party

Relationship

Nature of
Transactions

As of
September 30,
2025

As of
December 31,
2024

USD

Foremost Home Inc. (“FHI”)

An entity under common control

Shared services and Miscellaneous expenses

3,521,891

2,654,286

Foremost Worldwide Co., Ltd.

An entity under common control

Shared services and Miscellaneous expenses

( 314,014 )

( 340,901 )

Focal Capital Holding Limited

An entity under common control

Miscellaneous expenses

15,257

—

F.P.Z. Furniture (Cambodia) Co., Ltd.

An entity under common control

Miscellaneous expenses

( 486,152 )

( 291,710 )

2,736,982

2,021,675

Loan guarantee by a related party

Liang Chou Chen holds approximately 49.91 % of the voting control of Foremost, the Company’s majority shareholder and is a guarantor of the loans under the Credit Agreement and under the CTBC Credit Line. See Note 8 for details.

Note 13 — Concentrations of risks

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation pays compensation up to a limit of USD250,000 if the bank with which a depositor holds its eligible deposit fails. As of September 30, 2025, a cash balance of USD 623,721 was maintained at financial institutions in the United States, of which USD 111,431 was subject to credit risk. The Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation pays compensation up to a limit of TWD3,000,000 (appro ximately USD98,538) if the bank with which an individual/a company holds its eligible deposit fails. As of September 30, 2025, an aggregated cash balance of USD 711,222 was maintained at financial institutions in Taiwan, of which USD 420,632 was subject to credit risk. The China Deposit Insurance Corporation pays compensation up to a limit of CNY500,000(approximately USD70,152) if the bank with which a depositor holds its eligible deposit fails. As of September 30, 2025, a cash balance of CNY649,817(USD91,172)was maintained at financial institutions in China, of which CNY 149,817 (USD 21,020 ) was subject to credit risk. As of September 30, 2025, cash balance of USD 176,982 was maintained at financial institutions in Kingdom of Cambodia, all of which was subject to credit risk. The European Banking Authority pays compensation up to a limit of EUR100,000 (approximately USD117,275) if the bank with which an individual/a company holds its eligible deposit fails. As of September 30, 2025, cash balance of EUR 188,094 (USD 220,586 ) was maintained at financial institutions in Europe, of which EUR 88,094 (USD 103,312 ) was subject to credit risk. While management believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality, it also continually monitors their credit worthiness.

The Company is also exposed to risk from its accounts receivable and other receivables. These assets are subjected to credit evaluations. An allowance has been made for estimated unrecoverable amounts which have been determined by reference to past default experience and the current economic environment.

Customer concentration risk

For the three months ended September 30, 2025, four customers accounted for 15.3 %, 13.3 %, 10.7 % and 10.1 % of the Company’s total revenue, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, two customers accounted for 19.5 % and 15.1 % of the Company’s total revenue, respectively. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, four customers accounted for 15.2 %, 12.7 %, 10.8 % and 10.0 % of the Company’s total revenue, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, two customers accounted for

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17.5 % and 16.8 % of the Company’s total revenue, respectively. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

As of September 30, 2025, two customers accounted for 26.9 % and 12.5 % of the total balance of accounts receivable, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, two customers accounted for 29.4 % and 11.4 % of the total balance of accounts receivable, respectively. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Vendor concentration risk

For the three months ended September 30, 2025, Tangshan Huida Ceramic Group Co., Ltd (“Huida”) accounted for 60.6 % of the Company’s total purchases, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, Huida accounted for 57.3 % of the Company’s total purchases, respectively. No other supplier accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total purchases for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, Huida accounted for 58.0 % of the Company’s total purchases. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, Huida accounted for 55.6 % of the Company’s total purchases, respectively. No other supplier accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total purchases for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

As of September 30, 2025, Huida accounted for 74.8 % of the total balance of accounts payable. As of December 31, 2024, Huida accounted for 69.6 % of the total balance of accounts payable. No other supplier accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s accounts payable as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Note 14 — Commitments and contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in legal and regulatory proceedings that are incidental to the operation of its businesses. These proceedings may seek remedies relating to matters including environmental, tax, intellectual property, acquisitions or divestitures, product liability, property damage, personal injury, privacy, employment, labor and pension, government contract issues and commercial or contractual disputes. Although the ultimate outcome of any legal matter cannot be predicted with certainty, based on present information, including management’s assessment of the merits of the particular claims, the Company does not believe it is reasonably possible that any asserted or unasserted legal claims or proceedings, individually or in aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations or financial condition.

Note 15 — Segment information

The Company follows ASC 280, “Segment Reporting” and adopted ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”. The Company has one reporting segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the chief executive officer, who reviews consolidated results when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company, and hence the Company has only one reportable segment which derives its revenue from the supply of bath and kitchen products.

The accounting policies of the kitchen and bath segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The measure of segment net income (loss) is reported on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income as net income (loss). The measure of segment total assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total assets.

The Company's segment revenue, segment expenses, segment net income (loss), and a reconciliation of the total reportable segment's net income (loss) to the consolidated net income (loss) are as follows:

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	Kitchen and Bath Segment
	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Revenue	$	35,848,861	$	36,099,179	$	100,059,669	$	96,223,647
Less:
Cost of revenue	26,350,193		26,790,957		72,954,136		69,538,640
Selling and distribution expenses	6,060,571		6,284,932		19,433,477		18,676,665
General and administrative expenses	2,784,507		2,637,141		8,330,435		7,542,019
Research and development expenses	283,867		451,975		1,085,095		1,303,445
Other segment items (1)	438,190		364,885		1,459,121		430,989
Provision for income taxes	1,879,599		267,537		925,493		( 8,589 )
Segment net loss	( 1,948,066 )		( 698,248 )		( 4,128,088 )		( 1,259,522 )

Reconciliation of profit or loss
Adjustments and reconciling items	—		—		—		—
Consolidated net loss	$	( 1,948,066 )	$	( 698,248 )	$	( 4,128,088 )	$	( 1,259,522 )

(1) Other segment items included interest income, interest expense and non-recurring other income and expenses.

Note 16 — Subsequent Events

On October 21, 2025, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with two partners to establish entities in Nigeria, in which the Company will hold a minority ownership interest.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The disclosures in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are complementary to those made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2025 (the “2024 Form 10-K”). You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our financial statements and related notes appearing in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our audited financial statements, notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our 2024 Form 10-K. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and related financing, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, including those factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and of our 2024 Form 10-K, our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. All amounts in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are approximate.

Overview

FGI is a global supplier of kitchen and bath products. Over the course of 30 years, we have built an industry-wide reputation for product innovation, quality, and excellent customer service. We are currently focused on the following product categories: sanitaryware (primarily toilets, sinks, pedestals and toilet seats), bath furniture (vanities, mirrors and cabinets), shower systems, custom kitchen cabinetry and other accessory items. These products are sold primarily for R&R activity and, to a lesser extent, new home or commercial construction. We sell our products through numerous partners, including mass retail centers, wholesale and commercial distributors, online retailers and specialty stores.

Consistent with our long-term strategic plan, we expect to continue to make significant investments across our business in order to continue to attract new customers, expand existing relationships, develop new products and manufacturing capabilities and expand into new jurisdictions, thereby prioritizing long-term growth over short-term profitability. We intend to drive long-term value creation for our shareholders through a balanced focus on product innovation, organic growth, and efficient capital deployment. The following initiatives represent key strategic priorities for us:

• Commitment to product innovation. We have a history of being an innovator in the kitchen and bath markets and developing “on-trend” products and bringing them to market ahead of the competition. We have developed deep marketing skills, leading design capabilities, and product development expertise. A recent example of our innovative product development includes the Jetcoat shower wall systems, which offer a stylized design option without the fuss of messy grout. We expect to continue to invest in research and development to drive product innovation in 2025.

• “BPC” (Brands, Products, Channels) strategy to drive above-market organic growth. We have continued to invest in our BPC strategy despite the market challenges, which is expected to drive improved organic growth in the longer term. We have entered into a 5-year licensing agreement that will provide us access to an industry leading overflow toilet technology. We will continue to market this technology as FLUSH GUARD ® Overflow Technology. In addition, we continue to focus on our initiatives to expand geographically, with recently signed agreements providing entry into India, Eastern Europe and the UK.

• Enhanced margin performance. Our focus on higher-margin products has continued to deliver results, with gross margins reaching 26.9% in 2024 and 27.4% in 2023, a significant rise from 19.5% in 2022. This positive trajectory in margins reflects our commitment to optimizing our product mix and operational efficiency despite recent headwinds from tariffs. Looking ahead, we anticipate gross margins to remain in line with the levels achieved in 2024 and 2023.

• Efficient capital deployment. We will continue to prioritize capital deployment in support of organic growth opportunities, while continuing to evaluate strategic M&A opportunities. With total liquidity of $14.2 million as of September 30, 2025, the Company believes it has sufficient financial flexibility to fund its organic growth strategy.

• Deep manufacturing partners and customer relationships. We have developed strong manufacturing and sourcing partners over the last 30+ years, which we believe will continue to give us a competitive advantage in the markets we serve. We also have deep relationships with an established global customer base, offering end-to-end solutions to support category growth. While recent supply chain and inflation pressures have been a headwind, our durable partnerships with manufacturing and sourcing partners have helped to mitigate these challenges.

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We were incorporated in the Cayman Islands on May 26, 2021 in connection with a reorganization and separation our parent company, Foremost Groups Ltd. (“Foremost”), and its affiliates, pursuant to which, among other actions, Foremost contributed all of its equity interests in FGI Industries Inc. (“FGI Industries”), FGI Europe Investment Limited, an entity formed in the British Virgin Islands, and FGI International, Limited, an entity formed under the laws of Hong Kong, each a wholly-owned subsidiary of Foremost, to the newly formed FGI Industries Ltd. Foremost was established in 1987 and has become a global leader in kitchen and bath design, indoor and outdoor furniture, food service equipment, and manufacturing.

Reverse Stock Split

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of our operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 and provides information regarding the dollar and percentage increase (decrease) during such periods.

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For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2025		2024		Amount		Percentage
					USD		%
Revenue	$	35,848,861	$	36,099,179	$	(250,318)	(0.7)
Cost of revenue	26,350,193		26,790,957		(440,764)		(1.6)
Gross profit	9,498,668		9,308,222		190,446		2.0
Selling and distribution expenses	6,060,571		6,284,932		(224,361)		(3.6)
General and administrative expenses	2,784,507		2,637,141		147,366		5.6
Research and development expenses	283,867		451,975		(168,108)		(37.2)
Income (loss) from operations	369,723		(65,826)		435,549		(661.7)
Operating margins (%)	1.0		(0.2)		120		bps
Total other expenses, net	(438,190)		(364,885)		(73,305)		20.1
Provision for income taxes	1,879,599		267,537		1,612,062		602.6
Net loss	(1,948,066)		(698,248)		(1,249,818)		179.0
Net loss attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders	(1,651,332)		(550,137)		(1,101,195)		200.2
Adjusted income from operations (1)	369,723		55,663		314,060		564.2
Adjusted operating margins (%) (1)	1.0		0.2		80		bps
Adjusted net income (loss) attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders (1)	$	240,591	$	(105,451)	$	346,042	(328.2)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2025		2024		Amount		Percentage
	USD		USD		USD		%
Revenue	$	100,059,669	$	96,223,647	$	3,836,022	4.0
Cost of revenue	72,954,136		69,538,640		3,415,496		4.9
Gross profit	27,105,533		26,685,007		420,526		1.6
Selling and distribution expenses	19,433,477		18,676,665		756,812		4.1
General and administrative expenses	8,330,435		7,542,019		788,416		10.5
Research and development expenses	1,085,095		1,303,445		(218,350)		(16.8)
Loss from operations	(1,743,474)		(837,122)		(906,352)		108.3
Operating margins (%)	(1.7)		(0.9)		(80)		bps
Total other expenses, net	(1,459,121)		(430,989)		(1,028,132)		238.6
provision for (benefit of) income taxes	925,493		(8,589)		934,082		(10875.3)
Net loss	(4,128,088)		(1,259,522)		(2,868,566)		227.8
Net loss attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders	(3,511,948)		(798,761)		(2,713,187)		339.7
Adjusted loss from operations (1)	(1,723,568)		(472,655)		(1,250,913)		264.7
Adjusted operating margins (%) (1)	(1.7)		(0.5)		(120)		bps
Adjusted net loss attributable to FGI Industries Ltd. shareholders (1)	$	(1,993,665)	$	(280,227)	$	(1,713,438)	611.4

_________________________________________________

(1) See “Non-GAAP Measures” below for more information on our use of these adjusted figures and a reconciliation of these financial measures to their closest U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) comparators.

Revenue

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, our revenue increased by $3.8 million, or 4.0%, to $100.1 million from $96.2 million for the same period last year. The increase in our revenue was primarily driven by increases in sales of sanitaryware, bath furniture and custom kitchen cabinetry. Revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $35.8 million, essentially consistent with the prior-year period.

Revenue categories by product are summarized as follow:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						Change
	2025		Percentage	2024		Percentage	Percentage
	USD		%	USD		%	%
Sanitaryware	$	22,945,010	64.0	$	21,451,387	59.4	7.0
Bath Furniture	3,714,301		10.4	4,162,292		11.5	(10.8)
Shower System	5,869,423		16.4	7,143,283		19.8	(17.8)
Others	3,320,127		9.2	3,342,217		9.3	(0.7)
Total	$	35,848,861	100.0	$	36,099,179	100.0	(0.7)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						Change
	2025		Percentage	2024		Percentage	Percentage
	USD		%	USD		%	%
Sanitaryware	$	61,187,767	61.2	$	59,303,663	61.6	3.2
Bath Furniture	11,952,906		11.9	11,282,623		11.7	5.9
Shower System	16,786,602		16.8	18,793,999		19.5	(10.7)
Others	10,132,394		10.1	6,843,362		7.2	48.1
Total	$	100,059,669	100.0	$	96,223,647	100.0	4.0

We derive the majority of our revenue from sales of sanitaryware, which accounted for 64.0% and 61.2% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 59.4% and 61.6% for the comparable periods of 2024. Revenue generated from the sales of sanitaryware increased by 7.0% to $22.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 from $21.5 million for same period of 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, this revenue increased by 3.2% to $61.2 million from $59.3 million for the same period of 2024. Demand for sanitaryware remains subject to uncertainty given ongoing tariff considerations and broader trade conditions, despite easing of certain trade tensions between the U.S. and China.

Our revenue from bath furniture sales accounted for 10.4% and 11.9% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 11.5% and 11.7% for the comparable periods of 2024. Bath furniture sales decreased by 10.8% to $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $4.2 million for the same period of 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from bath furniture sales increased by 5.9% to $12.0 million from $11.3 million for the same period of 2024. Our recently launched mid-tier product lines, launched to better address the current demand environment of trading down to lower priced offerings, is gaining traction.

Revenue from sales of shower systems made up approximately 16.4% and 16.8% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 19.8% and 19.5% for the comparable periods of 2024. Revenue from sales of shower systems decreased by 17.8% to $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $7.1 million for the comparable period of 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from sales of shower systems decreased by 10.7% to $16.8 million from $18.8 million for the same period of 2024. While shower system revenue dropped year-over-year this quarter, our recently launched programs have driven growth in recent periods and we anticipate them continuing to be a positive driver moving forward. Similar to sanitaryware, however, we expect demand to be uncertain due to the current environment as consumers await tariff clarity, which may offset the impact of these programs.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, other revenue increased by 48.1% to $10.1 million from $6.8 million for the same period of 2024. Other revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $3.3 million, essentially consistent with the prior-year period. The increase was primarily driven by volume growth resulting from continued strength in sales of the Covered Bridge custom-kitchen cabinetry businesses.

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Revenue Categories by Geographic Location

We derive our revenue primarily from the United States, Canada and Europe. Revenue categories by geographic location are summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						Change
	2025		Percentage	2024		Percentage	Percentage
	USD		%	USD		%	%
United States	$	22,493,458	62.7	$	22,195,976	61.5	1.3
Canada	9,120,195		25.4	9,916,907		27.5	(8.0)
Europe	3,666,761		10.2	3,418,826		9.5	7.3
Rest of World	568,447		1.7	567,470		1.5	0.2
Total	$	35,848,861	100.0	$	36,099,179	100.0	(0.7)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						Change
	2025		Percentage	2024		Percentage	Percentage
	USD		%	USD		%	%
United States	$	61,632,691	61.6	$	59,833,465	62.2	3.0
Canada	26,072,809		26.1	26,391,317		27.4	(1.2)
Europe	10,407,865		10.4	9,273,872		9.6	12.2
Rest of World	1,946,304		1.9	724,993		0.8	168.5
Total	$	100,059,669	100.0	$	96,223,647	100.0	4.0

We consistently generated the majority of our revenue in the United States market, which amounted to $22.5 million and $22.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, however, revenue from United States market increased by 3.0% to $61.6 million, compared to $59.8 million for the same period of 2024. Such revenue accounted for approximately 62% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, with minor period-to-period variation. The growth during the nine-month period was largely attributable to higher sales of bath furniture and kitchen cabinetry, as previously discussed, partially offset by a decrease due to tariff related uncertainties in the second quarter.

Our second largest market is Canada. Our revenue generated in the Canadian market was $9.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $9.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, representing a 8.0% decrease. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, revenue from Canadian market decreased by 1.2% to $26.1 million, compared to $26.4 million for the same period in 2024. Revenue in the Canadian market remained largely stable for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, with third-quarter sales moderating as retailers slowed purchases following strong activity in the first half of this year. In the wholesale channel, after a slower start to the year, purchasing activity picked up in the third quarter.

We also derive revenue from Europe, which consists primarily of sales in Germany. This amounted to $3.7 million and $10.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $3.4 million and $9.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, representing a 7.3% and 12.2% increase for the three-month and nine-month periods, respectively. We believe this growth reflects continued demand in the European market.

Gross Profit

Gross profit was $9.5 million and $27.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of 2.0% and an increase of 1.6% compared to the same periods of 2024, respectively. Gross profit margin was 26.5% and 27.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, down 70 and 60 basis points from 25.8% and 27.7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Operating Expenses

Selling and distribution expenses primarily consisted of personnel costs, marketing and promotion costs, commission, and freight and leasing charges. Our selling and distribution expenses decreased by $0.2 million, or 3.6%, to $6.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, from $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and

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increased by $0.8 million, or 4.1%, to $19.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, from $18.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The year-to-date increase primarily reflects higher marketing and personnel expenses, as well as a one-time warehouse lease termination cost. In the third quarter, however, selling and distribution expenses declined, reflecting our ongoing efforts to optimize operations and reduce overall operating expenses.

General and administrative expenses primarily consisted of personnel costs, professional service fees, depreciation, travel, and office supply expenses. Our general and administrative expenses increased by $0.1 million, or 5.6%, to $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, from $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and increased by $0.8 million, or 10.5%, to $8.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, from $7.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to inflationary pressures and additional expenditures related to corporate support activities.

Research and development expenses mainly consisted of personnel costs and product development costs. Our research and development activities remained stable and are relatively immaterial to our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Other Income (Expenses)

Other income (expenses) represents interest income and expenses, as well as non-recurring non-operating gains and losses. Interest expense increased due to a higher average loan balance during the period.

Provision for Income Taxes

We recorded $1.8 million and $0.9 million of income tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, compared to an income tax provision of approximately $0.3 million and a minimal income tax benefit for the same periods in 2024. The Company assesses all available positive and negative evidence to evaluate the realizability of its deferred tax assets and whether or not a valuation allowance is necessary. The Company’s three-year cumulative loss position was significant negative evidence in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. The weight given to positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent such evidence may be objectively verified. Given the weight of objectively verifiable historical losses from operations, during the three months ended September 30, 2025, we recorded a $1.8 million valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets. This allowance significantly impacts the effective tax rate for the period. The Company may be able to reverse the valuation allowance when sufficient positive evidence exists to support the reversal of the valuation allowance.

Net Loss

We incurred net loss of $1.9 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and net loss of $4.1 million and $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These changes had resulted from the combination of the changes discussed above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will continue to operate in the normal course of business and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities as they become due. However, substantial doubt exists about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred net loss of $4.1 million and $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, respectively. In addition, the Company had net cash used in operating activities of $1.7 million and net cash used in operating activities of $7.4 million for the same respective periods. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had approximately $1.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and had $14.1 million outstanding under its credit facilities, which were used primarily for working capital purposes.

In response to the conditions that gave rise to the substantial doubt, the Company implemented a number of actions, including:

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• Execution of cost control initiatives across multiple operating departments, targeting to lower recurring operating expenses.

• Commercial launch and promotion of new product lines, including anti-overflow toilets, shower systems, and custom kitchen cabinetry, which have begun generating increased revenue.

• In the event of a requirement for immediate loan repayment, the Company has sufficient accounts receivable available for factoring to meet such obligations.

East West Bank Credit Facility

The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, FGI Industries, has a line of credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with East West Bank, which is collateralized by all assets of FGI Industries and personally guaranteed by Liang Chou Chen, who holds approximately 49.91% of the voting control of Foremost. The current amount of maximum borrowings is $18,000,000 and the Credit Agreement had a maturity date of December 21, 2024. East West Bank has agreed to extend the maturity date to December 5, 2025 while efforts regarding a renewal of the facility are ongoing.

Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, FGI Industries is required to maintain (a) a debt coverage ratio (defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization divided by current portion of long-term debt plus interest expense) of not less than 1.25 to 1, tested at the end of each fiscal quarter; (b) an effective tangible net worth (defined as total book net worth plus minority interest, less amounts due from officers, shareholders and affiliates, minus intangible assets and accumulated amortization, plus debt subordinated to East West Bank) of not less than $10,000,000, tested at the end of each fiscal quarter, on a consolidated basis; and (c) a total debt to tangible net worth ratio (defined as total liabilities divided by tangible net worth, which is defined as total book net worth plus minority interest, less loans to officers, shareholders, and affiliates minus intangible assets and accumulated amortization) not to exceed 4.0 to 1, tested at the end of each fiscal quarter, on a consolidated basis. As of September 30, 2025, FGI Industries was not in compliance with certain financial covenants related to its debt coverage ratio. As of the date of this quarterly report, FGI Industries has requested a waiver from the lender, which is being processed by the lender. In the absence of an executed waiver, the Company has classified the outstanding balance of the loan as a current liability on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2025.

The loan bears interest at a rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either (i) 0.25 percentage points less than the Prime Rate quoted by the Wall Street Journal or (ii) the SOFR Rate (as administered by CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited and displayed by Bloomberg LP) plus 2.20% per annum (in either case, subject to a minimum rate of 4.500% per annum) . The interest rate as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 w as 7.00% and 7.25%, resp ectively.

Each sum of borrowings under the Credit Agreement is deemed due on demand and is classified as a short-term loan. The outstanding balance of such loan was $9.7 million and $9.6 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

RBC Bank Loan

FGI Canada Ltd. (“FGI Canada”) has a line of credit agreement with Royal Bank of Canada (“RBC”), successor by amalgamation of HSBC Canada (the “Canadian Revolver”). The revolving line of credit with RBC allows for borrowing up to CAD7.5 million (USD5.4 million as of September 30, 2025). This is an assets-based line of credit, the borrowing limit is calculated based on certain percentage of accounts receivable and inventory balances. Pursuant to the Canadian Revolver, FGI Canada is required to maintain (a) a debt to tangible net worth ratio of no more than 3.00 to 1.00; and (b) a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of at least 1.25 to 1.00. The loan bears interest at a rate of Prime rate plus 0.50%. As of September 30, 2025, FGI Canada was in compliance with these financial covenants.

Borrowings under this line of credit amounted to $1.8 million and $2.6 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The facility matures at the discretion of RBC upon 60 days’ notice.

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FGI Canada also has a revolving foreign exchange facility with RBC of up to a permitted maximum of USD3.0 million. The advances are available to purchase foreign exchange forward contracts from time to time up to six months, subject to an overall maximum aggregate USD Equivalent outstanding face value not exceeding USD3.0 million.

CTBC Credit Facility

On January 25, 2024, FGI International entered into an omnibus credit line (the “CTBC Credit Line”) with CTBC Bank Co., Ltd. (“CTBC”). Under the CTBC Credit Line, FGI International may borrow, from time to time, up to $2.3 million, with borrowings limited to 90% of FGI International’s export “open account” trade receivables. On January 14, 2025, FGI International and CTBC agreed to increase the CTBC Credit Line to $3.0 million. The CTBC Credit Line will bear interest at a rate of “Base Rate”, which is based on monthly or quarterly Taipei Interbank Offered in effect from time to time, plus 120 base points and handling fees, unless otherwise agreed to by the parties. The CTBC Credit Line is unsecured and is fully guaranteed by the Company and partially guaranteed by Liang Chou Chen. Borrowings under this line of credit amounted to $2.6 million and $2.3 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The following table summarizes the key components of our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024
	USD		USD
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(1,670,736)	$	(8,042,745)
Net cash used in investing activities	(893,846)		(2,044,264)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(426,021)		5,526,322
Effect of exchange rate fluctuation on cash	308,125		(171,892)
Net changes in cash	(2,682,478)		(4,732,579)
Cash, beginning of period	4,558,160		7,777,241
Cash, end of period	$	1,875,682	$	3,044,662

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $8.0 million in the prior-year period. The improvement was primarily driven by favorable movements in liabilities, including a $3.3 million increase in accounts payable, which partially offset cash used for operating losses. These inflows helped mitigate the impact of the $4.1 million net loss, lease payments, and reductions in accrued expenses. Non-cash items such as $1.7 million of amortization, $0.5 million of depreciation, and $0.3 million of share-based compensation narrowed the gap between net loss and operating cash flow. Offsetting these factors were increases in operating assets, including $1.7 million in accounts receivable and $1.6 million in inventory, which used cash during the period.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $2.0 million in the prior-year period, primarily attributable to reduced spending on property, equipment, and intangible assets.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, due to net repayments under the Company’s revolving credit facilities. In contrast, the prior-year period generated $5.5 million in cash from financing activities arising from net borrowings under the same facilities.

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Commitments and Contingencies

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures were incurred primarily in connection with the acquisition of property and equipment. Our capital expenditures amounted to $0.9 million and $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We do not expect to incur significant capital expenditures in the immediate future.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements including arrangements that would affect our liquidity, capital resources, market risk support and credit risk support or other benefits.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Accounting Estimates

A discussion of our critical accounting policies and significant accounting estimates is included in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2024 Form 10-K. The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of some assets and liabilities and, in some instances, the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the applicable reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in results of operations in the period that the events or circumstances giving rise to such changes occur. Within the context of these critical accounting estimates, we are not currently aware of any reasonably likely events or circumstances that would result in different policies or estimates being reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, “Summary of significant accounting policies” in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Non-GAAP Measures

In addition to the measures presented in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, we use the following non-GAAP measures to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business and assist us in making strategic decisions. Our non-GAAP measures are: Adjusted Income from Operations, Adjusted Operating Margins and Adjusted Net Income. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP. They are supplemental financial measures of our performance only, and should not be considered substitutes for net income, income from operations or any other measure derived in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other entities.

We define Adjusted Income from Operations as GAAP income from operations excluding the impact of certain non-recurring expenses, including IPO-related compensation (cash and stock-based), legal fees and business expansion expenses. We define Adjusted Net Income as GAAP income before income taxes excluding the impact of certain non-recurring expenses and income, such as IPO-related compensation, legal fees and business expansion expenses, income taxes at historical average effective rate, as well as net income attributable to non-controlling shareholders. We define Adjusted Operating Margins as adjusted income from operations divided by revenue.

We use these non-GAAP measures, along with GAAP measures, to evaluate our business, measure our financial performance and profitability and our ability to manage expenses, after adjusting for certain one-time expenses, identify trends affecting our business and assist us in making strategic decisions. We believe these non-GAAP measures, when reviewed in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, and not in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results of operations under GAAP, are useful to investors as they are widely used measures of performance and the adjustments we make to these non-GAAP measures provide investors further insight into our profitability and additional perspectives in comparing our performance over time on a consistent basis.

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The following table reconciles Income from Operations to Adjusted Income from Operations and Adjusted Operating Margins, as well as Net income to Adjusted Net Income for the periods presented.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Loss from operations	$	369,723	$	(65,826)	$	(1,743,474)	$	(837,122)
Adjustments:
Non-recurring IPO-related share-based compensation	—		59,719		19,906		179,157
Business expansion expense	—		61,770		—		185,310
Adjusted Operating Income (Loss)	$	369,723	$	55,663	$	(1,723,568)	$	(472,655)
Revenue	$	35,848,861	$	36,099,179	$	100,059,669	$	96,223,647
Adjusted Operating Margins (%)	1.0		0.2		(1.7)		(0.5)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
	USD		USD		USD		USD
Loss before income taxes	$	(68,467)	$	(430,711)	$	(3,202,595)	$	(1,268,111)
Adjustments:
Non-recurring IPO-related share-based compensation	—		59,719		19,906		179,157
Business expansion expense	—		61,770		—		185,310
Adjusted loss before income taxes	(68,467)		(309,222)		(3,182,689)		(903,644)
Less: income taxes at 18% rate	(12,324)		(55,660)		(572,884)		(162,656)
Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling shareholders	(296,734)		(148,111)		(616,140)		(460,761)
Adjusted Net Income (Loss)	$	240,591	$	(105,451)	$	(1,993,665)	$	(280,227)

Beginning in the first quarter of 2025, we have revised the presentation of non-GAAP measures to provide more meaningful insight into the Company's performance. Historical comparative figures have been adjusted to reflect the current presentation format. These changes are intended to better align with how management evaluates results and makes operating decisions. Reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are provided to support transparency and comparability.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by our company in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

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Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of September 30, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2025. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2025 because of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting described below.

Identified Material Weaknesses

During our assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, we identified the following material weaknesses:

• Inadequate segregation of duties related to the initiation and recording of journal entries to the general ledger.

• Inadequate evidence of management review controls regarding the review and approval of certain account reconciliations.

• Inadequate evidence and precision of management review controls regarding loan covenants and covenant calculations.

Management's Remediation Initiatives

We have begun implementing remediation measures to address the reported material weaknesses. Specifically, we have segregated responsibilities for journal entry processing, implementing system supported detection and approval controls to strengthen oversight, standardized the account reconciliation process with documented management review, and introduced a secondary review for loan covenant calculations. Management will continue to evaluate and test the operating effectiveness of these controls to ensure the material weaknesses are fully and effectively remediated.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than as described above, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II- OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. We cannot predict the results of any such disputes, and despite the potential outcomes, the existence thereof may have an adverse material impact on us due to diversion of management time and attention as well as the financial costs related to resolving such disputes.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, includes a detailed discussion of our risk factors. At the time of this filing, except as provided below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors that were included in the Form 10-K.

There can be no assurance that our common stock will maintain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement or other applicable listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC or another national securities exchange.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to meet The Nasdaq Capital Market listing standards. We have in the past, and may in the future, be unable to comply with certain of the listing standards that we are required to

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meet to maintain the listing of our common shares on The Nasdaq Capital Market. If we are unable to maintain compliance with all applicable listing standards, our common stock may no longer be listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market or another national securities exchange and the liquidity and market price of our common stock may be adversely affected.

On September 6, 2024, we received written notice from Nasdaq notifying us that we no longer complied with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. On March 6, 2025, we received written notice from Nasdaq that it had granted the Company a 180-day extension to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. On July 31, 2025, we effected a 1-for-5 reverse stock split and on August 14, 2025, we received written confirmation from Nasdaq notifying us that we had regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, and the matter is now closed.

If in the future we fail to meet Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements and Nasdaq delists our common stock from trading on its exchange and we are not able to list our securities on another national securities exchange, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including, without limitation, a substantial reduction in the liquidity of our common stock, which could limit our access to capital markets for any potential future fundraising.

Increases in tariffs, trade restrictions or taxes on our products could have an adverse impact on our operations.

The commerce we conduct in the international marketplace and our reliance on overseas manufacturing makes us subject to tariffs, trade restrictions and other taxes when the raw materials or components we purchase, and the products we ship, cross international borders. Trade tensions between the United States and China, Canada, Mexico and other countries have been escalating in recent years. In 2025, the U.S. government announced the imposition of additional tariffs and reciprocal tariffs on most goods imported into the United States. Multiple nations, including China, responded with reciprocal tariffs and other trade actions, which triggered the U.S. government to increase the reciprocal tariffs on countries that retaliated against the U.S. enacted trade policy. While the U.S. and China have temporarily agreed to reduce their reciprocal tariffs during trade talks, a number of tariffs remain affecting multiple countries. Our products are manufactured primarily in Asia, including China, Vietnam, Cambodia, and other Asian countries impacted by reciprocal tariffs, which are likely to increase our costs of goods sold and could materially adversely impact our profitability, results of operations and financial condition. Moreover, we will likely need to alter our pricing as a result of such tariffs, which could reduce demand for our products or make our products less competitive than those of our competitors whose inputs are not subject to these tariffs, thereby decreasing our revenues and adversely impacting our results of operations. Products we sell into certain foreign markets could also become subject to similar retaliatory tariffs, making the products we sell uncompetitive compared to similar products not subjected to such import tariffs.

The recent enactment of tariffs by the government of the United States, along with the unpredictability of the tariff rates, poses a significant risk to our business operations and may materially increase our costs and reduce our margins. We are continuing to analyze and enact strategies to moderate or minimize the effects of these trade actions, including evaluating the country of origin for sourcing product into the United States and diversifying our supply chain, negotiating with suppliers, and adjusting our pricing strategies. However, there can be no assurance that these measures will be successful, or that they will offset the negative impact of the tariffs on our business. Given the uncertainty regarding scope and duration of the current and potential tariffs, as well as the potential for additional trade actions by the United States or other countries, the specific impact to our business, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition is uncertain but could be material.

We may not be able to refinance or renew our indebtedness or be able to borrow under our Credit Agreement with East West Bank or other future credit facilities, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

The original maturity date for our Credit Agreement with East West Bank was December 21, 2024. Since that time, East West Bank has extended the maturity date on several occasions while the parties work on a renewal of the facility. The current maturity date is December 5, 2025. While we continue to work closely with East West Bank and believe we have sufficient accounts receivable available for factoring should the loan amounts become due, there can be no assurances that we will negotiate a renewal by such date or that the lender will extend the maturity date again. Moreover, there can be no assurances that we will be able to renew or refinance the Credit Agreement on substantially similar terms, or at all. In recent quarters, we have not been in compliance with the debt coverage ratio in the Credit Agreement, which may require a renewed facility to have different terms or borrowing limits, or there may be additional fees and expenses that we might have to pay, and we may have to agree to terms that could increase the cost of our debt structure. If we are unable to renew or refinance the Credit Agreement or other indebtedness on terms that are substantially similar to the terms currently available to us or obtain alternative or additional financing arrangements, or if such amounts became due, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition.

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There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern due to pressure on our financial covenants arising from the current tariff environment.

The challenging consumer environment, in particular as a result of current tariff implementation in the United States, has adversely impacted and is expected to adversely impact our performance. These factors have placed pressure on our ability to meet the financial covenants in our credit agreements, including the Credit Agreement with East West Bank. Failure to satisfy the debt covenants under our loan facilities, without a timely cure, waiver or amendment, is considered an event of default. If an event of default occurs and is not cured or waived, the lender could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under such agreement immediately due and payable and exercise other remedies as set forth in such agreement. As of June 30, 2025, FGI Industries was not in compliance with certain financial covenants related to its debt coverage ratio in its Credit Agreement with East West Bank. As of the date of this quarterly report, FGI Industries has requested a waiver from the lender, which is being processed by the lender. However, it is possible that the lender could demand repayment of amounts owed or cease to lend to us. This and the other factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months from the date of issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report. Management has implemented plans which are disclosed in Note 2. As a result of these actions, management believes that the substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern has been alleviated.

There is no assurance that we will successfully carry out our plan to generate liquidity as described in Note 2 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report. If our planned operational initiatives are not successful or if we are unable to obtain additional financing or renegotiate the terms of our existing credit facilities or identify and successfully execute on other business opportunities or strategic transactions, we may need to scale back or discontinue certain or all of our initiatives to reduce costs or ultimately seek bankruptcy protection.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Trading Plans

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no director or executive officer adopted , modified or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement", as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits.


Exhibit Number						Description

3.1						Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of FGI Industries Ltd., effective January 27, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2022) .

3.2						Amendment to the Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of FGI Industries Ltd. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 29, 2025).

31.1						Rule 13(a)-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer.

31.2						Rule 13(a)-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer.

32.1						Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer.

101						The following material from FGI Industries Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, formatted in Inline XBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.

_________________________________________________

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: November 14, 2025


FGI Industries Ltd.

By:			/s/ David Bruce
			David Bruce
			Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

By:			/s/ Jae Chung
			Jae Chung
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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Part I Financial Information Item 1. Financial Statements Note 1 Nature Of Business and Organization Note 2 Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies Note 3 Accounts Receivable, Net Note 4 Inventories, Net Note 5 Prepayments and Other Assets Note 6 Property and Equipment, Net Note 7 Leases Note 8 Short-term Loans Note 9 Shareholders Equity Note 10 Share-based Compensation Note 11 Income Taxes Note 12 Related Party Transactions and Balances Note 13 Concentrations Of Risks Note 14 Commitments and Contingencies Note 15 Segment Information Note 16 Subsequent Events Item 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 4. Controls and Procedures Part Ii- Other Information Item 1. Legal Proceedings Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceeds Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Item 5. Other Information Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibits

3.1 Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of FGI Industries Ltd., effective January 27, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2022). 3.2 Amendment to the Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of FGI Industries Ltd. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 29, 2025). 31.1 Rule 13(a)-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer. 31.2 Rule 13(a)-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer. 32.1 Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer.

FGI 10-Q Quarter ended Sept. 30, 2025

Exhibits