IQV 10-Q Quarter ended March 31, 2014

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014

or

For the transition period from            to            .

Commission File Number: 001-35907

QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

4820 Emperor Blvd., Durham, North Carolina 27703

(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)

(919) 998-2000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ¨ No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of Common Stock, as of the latest practicable date.

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QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC.

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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QUINTILES TRANSNATIONAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Quintiles Transnational Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations have been included. Operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2014. As such, the information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. The balance sheet at December 31, 2013 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company but does not include all the disclosures required by GAAP.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. These changes had no effect on previously reported total revenues, net income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ deficit or cash flows.

2. Employee Stock Compensation

The Company granted the following share-based awards:

The Company had the following share-based awards outstanding:

The Company used the following assumptions when estimating the value of the share-based compensation for stock options and stock appreciation rights issued as follows:

In November 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) which, subject to shareholder approval at the 2014 annual meeting, allows eligible employees to authorize payroll deductions of up to 10% of their base salary to be applied toward the purchase of full shares of the Company’s common stock on the last day of the offering period. Offering periods under the ESPP are six months in duration and will begin on each March 1 and September 1. The first offering period for the ESPP began March 1, 2014. Under the ESPP, shares will be purchased on the last day of each offering period at a discount of 15% of the closing price of the common stock on such date as reported on the New York Stock Exchange. As of March 31, 2014, there have been aggregate payroll contributions of approximately $407,000 related to the ESPP.

The Company recognized share-based compensation expense of $7.2 million and $4.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

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3. Concentration of Credit Risk

No customer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2014 or 2013.

4. Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Services

Accounts receivable and unbilled services consist of the following (in thousands):

5. Goodwill

The following is a summary of goodwill by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2014 (in thousands):

6. Derivatives

As of March 31, 2014, the Company held the following derivative positions: (i) freestanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock of third parties, (ii) forward exchange contracts to protect against foreign exchange movements for certain forecasted foreign currency cash flows related to service contracts and (iii) interest rate swaps to hedge the exposure to variability in interest payments on variable interest rate debt. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.

As of March 31, 2014, the Company had freestanding warrants to purchase shares of third parties’ common stock. No quoted price is available for the warrants. Accordingly, the Company uses various valuation techniques to value the warrants, including the present value of estimated expected future cash flows, option-pricing models and fundamental analysis. Factors affecting the valuation include the current price of the underlying common stock, the exercise price of the warrants, the expected time to exercise the warrants, the estimated price volatility of the underlying common stock over the life of the warrants and the restrictions on the transferability of or ability to exercise the warrants. The Company did not sell any warrants during the three months ended March 31, 2014 or 2013.

As of March 31, 2014, the Company had 14 open foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge certain forecasted foreign currency cash flow transactions occurring in 2014 with notional amounts totaling $70.6 million. As these contracts were executed to hedge the risk of the potential volatility in the cash flows resulting from fluctuations in currency exchange rates during the last nine months of 2014, these transactions are accounted for as cash flow hedges. As such, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the contracts is recorded as unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives included in the accumulated other comprehensive loss component of shareholders’ deficit. These hedges are highly effective. Upon expiration of the hedge instruments in 2014, the Company will reclassify the unrealized holding gains and losses on the derivative instruments included in accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings.

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On June 9, 2011, the Company entered into six interest rate swaps effective September 28, 2012 and expiring between September 30, 2013 and March 31, 2016 in an effort to limit its exposure to changes in the variable interest rate on its senior secured credit facilities. The critical terms of the interest rate swaps were substantially the same as those of the Company’s senior secured credit facilities, including quarterly interest settlements. These interest rate swaps are being accounted for as cash flow hedges as these transactions were executed to hedge the Company’s interest payments, and these hedges are deemed to be highly effective. As such, changes in the fair value of these derivative instruments are recorded as unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives included in the accumulated other comprehensive loss component of shareholders’ deficit. The fair value of these interest rate swaps represents the present value of the anticipated net payments the Company will make to the counterparty, which, when they occur, are reflected as interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of income. These payments, together with the variable rate of interest incurred on the underlying debt, result in a fixed rate of interest of 2.55% plus the applicable margin on the affected borrowings ($945.0 million or 45.9% of the Company’s variable rate debt at March 31, 2014). The Company expects that $12.4 million of unrealized losses will be reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss and will form the interest rate swap component of the 2.55% fixed rate of interest incurred over the next 12 months as the underlying net payments are settled.

The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments and the line items on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets to which they were recorded are summarized in the following table (in thousands):

The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments and the line items on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets to which they were recorded are summarized in the following table (in thousands):

The effect of the Company’s cash flow hedging instruments on other comprehensive income (loss) is summarized in the following table (in thousands):

Gains from derivative instruments not designated as hedges impacting the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income are summarized below (in thousands):

7. Fair Value Measurements

The Company records certain assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value is described below. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

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Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2014 (in thousands):

Below is a summary of the valuation techniques used in determining fair value:

Marketable equity securities — The Company values marketable equity securities utilizing quoted market prices.

Warrants — The Company values warrants utilizing the Black-Scholes-Merton model.

Foreign exchange forward contracts — The Company values foreign exchange forward contracts using quoted market prices for identical instruments in less active markets or using other observable inputs.

Interest rate swaps — The Company values interest rate swaps using market inputs with mid-market pricing as a practical expedient for bid-ask spread.

Contingent consideration — The Company values contingent consideration related to business combinations using a weighted probability calculation of potential payment scenarios discounted at rates reflective of the risks associated with the expected future cash flows. Key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration include revenue, net new business and operating forecasts and the probability of achieving the specific targets.

The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis for the three months ended March 31 (in thousands):

The revaluations for the warrants and the contingent consideration are recognized in other income, net on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets are carried on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at cost and are not remeasured to fair value on a recurring basis. These assets include cost and equity method investments and loans that are written down to fair value for declines which are deemed to be other-than-temporary, definite-lived intangible assets which are tested for impairment annually and when a triggering event occurs, and goodwill and identifiable indefinite-lived intangible assets which are tested for impairment annually and when a triggering event occurs.

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As of March 31, 2014, assets carried on the balance sheet and not remeasured to fair value on a recurring basis totaling approximately $760.4 million were identified as Level 3. These assets are comprised of cost and equity method investments of $61.8 million, goodwill of $409.5 million and other identifiable intangibles, net of $289.1 million.

The Company has unfunded cash commitments totaling approximately $33.0 million related to its cost and equity method investments as of March 31, 2014.

Other

The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, which is primarily based on rates in which the debt is traded among banks, was approximately $2.1 billion at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

8. Noncontrolling Interests

Below is a summary of noncontrolling interests for the three months ended March 31 (in thousands):

9. Restructuring

In February 2014, the Board approved a restructuring plan of up to $13.0 million to better align resources with the Company’s strategic direction. These actions are expected to occur throughout 2014 and are expected to result in severance for approximately 400 positions, primarily in the Product Development segment. Since February 2014, the Company has recognized approximately $1.5 million of restructuring costs related to this plan, all of which were for activities in the Product Development segment. All of the restructuring costs are related to severance costs. Restructuring costs are not allocated to the Company’s reportable segments as they are not part of the segment performance measures regularly reviewed by management.

The following amounts were recorded for the February 2014 restructuring plan and the restructuring plans initiated in prior years (in thousands):

The Company expects the majority of the remaining restructuring accruals to be paid in 2014.

10. Employee Benefit Plans

Defined Benefit Plans

The following table summarizes the components of pension expense related to the Company’s defined benefit plans (in thousands):

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Other

As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company has a severance accrual included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets of $10.9 million and $14.1 million, respectively. The Company recognizes obligations associated with severance related to contractual termination benefits at fair value on the date that it is probable that the affected employees will be entitled to the benefit and the amount can reasonably be estimated. The severance accrual is related to cost reduction programs that will result in severance for approximately 270 positions, which are expected to lower operating costs and improve profitability by reducing excess capacity. These actions are expected to occur and be paid during 2014 and 2015. During the first quarter of 2014, the Company has recognized approximately $2.2 million of net reversals related to these cost reduction programs, primarily as a result of affected individuals transferring into other positions within the Company. Of the $2.2 million decrease from net reversals recognized for these cost reduction programs, approximately ($2.2) million, $131,000 and ($55,000) were related to activities in the Product Development segment, Integrated Healthcare Services segment and corporate activities, respectively.

The following amounts were recorded for the severance associated with cost reduction programs (in thousands):

11. Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 30.5% and 39.2% for the first quarter of 2014 and 2013 respectively. The effective income tax rate for the first quarter of 2014 was positively impacted by the Company’s change in the assertion regarding the undistributed earnings of most of its foreign subsidiaries that are considered to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Prior to June 2013, the Company had not considered the majority of the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, the first quarter of 2013 was negatively impacted by income taxes imposed on most of the earnings of the foreign subsidiaries, as a deferred income tax liability was recorded for the anticipated income tax costs of repatriating those earnings in the future. The Company reevaluated this assertion following its initial public offering (“IPO”) in May 2013 as a portion of the IPO proceeds were used to pay down debt held in the United States as well as the fact the Company does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future, which had been significant in the past. With this reduction of debt and related interest expense and the change in approach relating to payment of dividends, the Company expects to be able to support the cash needs of its domestic subsidiaries without repatriating cash from the affected foreign subsidiaries. The Company expects to utilize the cash generated outside of the United States to fund growth outside of the United States.

12. Comprehensive Income

Below is a summary of the components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands):

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Below is a summary of the reclassification adjustments from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income into net income for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands):

Amortization of prior service costs and actuarial losses are included in the computation of pension expense for the Company’s defined benefit plans. See Note 10 for additional information.

13. Segments

The following table presents the Company’s operations by reportable segment. The Company is managed through two reportable segments, Product Development and Integrated Healthcare Services. Product Development, which primarily serves biopharmaceutical customers engaged in research and development, provides clinical research and clinical trial services. Integrated Healthcare Services provides commercialization services to biopharmaceutical customers and research, analytics, real-world and late phase research, and other services to both biopharmaceutical customers and the broader healthcare market.

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Certain costs are not allocated to the Company’s segments and are reported as general corporate and unallocated expenses. These costs primarily consist of share-based compensation and expenses for corporate overhead functions such as finance, human resources, information technology, facilities and legal. The Company does not allocate restructuring or impairment charges to its segments. Information presented below is in thousands:

14. Earnings Per Share

The following table shows the weighted average number of outstanding share-based awards not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect of including such share-based awards in the computation would be anti-dilutive (in thousands):

Share-based awards will have a dilutive effect under the treasury method only when the respective period’s average market value of the Company’s common stock exceeds the exercise proceeds.

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Cautionary Statement for Forward-Looking Information

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

In addition to historical condensed consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect, among other things, our current expectations and anticipated results of operations, all of which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, market trends, or industry results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Therefore, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements and should be evaluated as such. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “should,” “targets,” “will” and the negative thereof and similar words and expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Unless legally required, we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking information to reflect actual results or changes in the factors affecting such forward-looking information.

We caution you that any such forward-looking statements are further qualified by important factors that could cause our actual operating results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including without limitation, that most of our contracts may be terminated on short notice, and we may be unable to maintain large customer contracts or to enter into new contracts; our financial results may be adversely affected if we underprice our contracts, overrun our cost estimates or fail to receive approval for or experience delays in documenting change orders; the historical indications of the relationship of our backlog to revenues may not be indicative of their future relationship; we may be unable to maintain our information systems or effectively update them; customer or therapeutic concentration could harm our business; our business is subject to risks associated with international operations, including economic, political and other risks, such as compliance with a myriad of laws and regulations, complications from conducting clinical trials in multiple countries simultaneously and changes in exchange rates; the market for our services may not grow as we expect; government regulators or our customers may limit the scope of prescription or withdraw products from the market, and government regulators may impose new regulatory requirements or may adopt new regulations affecting the biopharmaceutical industry; we may be unable to successfully develop and market new services or enter new markets; our failure to perform services in accordance with contractual requirements, regulatory standards and ethical considerations may subject us to significant costs or liability, which could also damage our reputation and cause us to lose existing business or not receive new business; our services are related to treatment of human patients, and we could face liability if a patient is harmed; we may be unable to successfully identify, acquire and integrate businesses, services and technologies; and we have substantial indebtedness and may incur additional indebtedness in the future, which could adversely affect our financial condition. For a further discussion of the risks relating to our business, see “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

Overview

We are the world’s largest provider of biopharmaceutical development services and commercial outsourcing services. We are positioned at the intersection of business services and healthcare and generated $1.0 billion of service revenues in the first quarter of 2014, conduct business in approximately 100 countries and have approximately 29,000 employees. We use the breadth and depth of our service offerings, our global footprint and our therapeutic, scientific and analytics expertise to help our biopharmaceutical customers, as well as other healthcare customers, to be more successful in an increasingly complex healthcare environment. Our business is currently organized in two reportable segments, Product Development and Integrated Healthcare Services.

Product Development

Product Development provides services and expertise that allow biopharmaceutical companies to outsource the clinical development process from first-in-man trials to post-launch monitoring. Our comprehensive service offerings provide the support and functional expertise necessary at each stage of development, as well as the systems and analytical capabilities to help our customers improve product development efficiency and effectiveness. Product Development is comprised of clinical solutions and services and consulting. Clinical solutions and services provides services necessary to develop biopharmaceutical products. These services include project management and clinical monitoring functions for conducting multi-site trials (generally Phase II-IV) (collectively “core clinical”). These also include clinical trial support services that improve clinical trial decision-making, such as global laboratories, data management, biostatistical, safety and pharmacovigilance, early clinical development trials (generally Phase I), and strategic planning and design services, which help improve decisions and performance. Consulting provides strategy and management consulting services based on life science expertise and advanced analytics, as well as regulatory and compliance consulting services.

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Integrated Healthcare Services

Integrated Healthcare Services provides the healthcare industry with both broad geographic presence and commercial capabilities. Our customized commercialization services are designed to accelerate the commercial success of biopharmaceutical and other health-related products. Integrated Healthcare Services provides a broad array of services including commercial services, such as providing contract pharmaceutical sales forces in key geographic markets, as well as a growing number of healthcare business services for the broader healthcare sector. Service offerings include commercial services (sales representatives, strategy, marketing communications and other areas related to commercialization), real-world and late phase research (drug therapy analysis, real-world research and evidence-based medicine, including research studies to prove a drug’s value) and other healthcare services (comparative and cost-effectiveness research capabilities, clinical management analytics, decision support services, medication adherence and health outcome optimization services, and web-based systems for measuring quality improvement).

Reimbursed Expenses

Reimbursed expenses may fluctuate from period-to-period due, in part, to where we are in the lifecycle of the many contracts that are in progress at a particular point in time. For instance, these pass-through costs tend to be higher during the early phases of clinical trials as a result of patient recruitment efforts. As reimbursed expenses are pass-through costs to our customers with little to no profit to us, we believe that the fluctuations in reimbursed expenses from period to period are not meaningful to our underlying performance, we do not provide analysis of the fluctuations in these items or their impact on our financial results.

Foreign Currency Fluctuations

The impact from foreign currency fluctuations and constant currency information assumes constant foreign currency exchange rates based on the rates in effect for the comparable prior-year period were used in translation. We believe that providing the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency rates on certain financial results can facilitate analysis of period-to-period comparisons of business performance.

Results of Operations

Backlog and Net New Business

We began 2014 with backlog (as defined under “Net New Business Reporting and Backlog” below) of $9,855 million, which was 13% higher than at the beginning of 2013. Backlog at March 31, 2014 was $10,066 million.

Net new business grew 2% in the first quarter of 2014 to $1,274 million from $1,245 million in first quarter of 2013, driven by growth in Integrated Healthcare Services, partially offset by a decline in Product Development. Integrated Healthcare Services’ net new business increased 58% to $269 million in the first quarter of 2014 as compared to $170 million for the same period in 2013, related to growth in commercial services in North America as well as an increase in new business from real-world and late phase research services. Product Development’s net new business decreased 6% to $1,005 million in the first quarter of 2014 as compared to $1,075 million for the same period in 2013, which was as a result of lower net new business from core clinical services, partially offset by net new business from a business combination completed in the third quarter of 2013. We experienced higher growth in net new business for functional resourcing business in core clinical services in the 2014 quarter.

Service Revenues

For the three months ended March 31, 2014, our service revenues increased $77.9 million, or 8.4%, as compared to the same period in 2013. This increase is comprised of constant currency service revenue growth of approximately $78.4 million, or 8.4%, partially offset by a negative impact of approximately $466,000 from the effects of foreign currency fluctuations. The constant currency service revenue growth, which includes the impact from a business combination completed in the third quarter of 2013, is comprised of a $60.8 million increase in Product Development and a $17.6 million increase in Integrated Healthcare Services.

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Costs of Revenue, Service Costs

When compared to the same period in 2013, service costs in the first quarter of 2014 increased $32.6 million. The increase included a constant currency increase in expenses of approximately $41.4 million, or 6.8%, partially offset by a positive impact of approximately $8.8 million from the effects of foreign currency fluctuations. The constant currency service costs growth was due to incremental costs resulting from the business combination completed in the third quarter of 2013 and increases in compensation and related expenses due to (1) annual merit increases, (2) an increase in billable headcount needed to support our higher volume of revenue, and (3) a reduction of an accrual for statutory profit sharing of approximately $5.4 million in 2013 as a result of guidance handed down by an administrative court in France. These increases in compensation and related expenses were partially offset by efficiencies gained from restructuring activities taken in prior years.

Selling, General and Administrative

The $19.9 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in the first quarter of 2014 was caused by a constant currency increase of $21.8 million, or 11.0%, partially offset by a decrease of $1.9 million from a positive foreign currency impact. The constant currency increase was primarily due to (1) incremental costs from the business combination completed in the third quarter of 2013, (2) an increase in share-based compensation, (3) increases in compensation and related expenses resulting primarily from annual merit increases and an increase in headcount, and (4) an increase in marketing and information technology, or IT, costs.

Restructuring Costs

In February 2014, our Board of Directors, or our Board, approved a restructuring plan of up to $13.0 million to better align our resources with our strategic direction. We recognized $1.0 million of restructuring charges, net of reversals for changes in estimates, in the first quarter of 2014, which was primarily related to the February 2014 restructuring plan. These actions are expected to occur throughout 2014 and are expected to result in severance for approximately 400 positions, primarily in the Product Development segment. We believe that this plan will result in annual cost savings of approximately $20.0 to $25.0 million.

Interest Income and Interest Expense

Interest income includes interest received from bank balances and investments.

Interest expense for the first quarter of 2014 was lower than the same period in 2013 primarily due to a decrease in the average debt outstanding as a result of (1) the repayment of the $300.0 million term loan, which Quintiles Transnational Holdings Inc. obtained in February 2012 and paid in full in May 2013, (2) the pay down of $50.0 million of outstanding indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities in May 2013, and (3) the mandatory prepayment of $33.8 million of outstanding indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities in the first quarter of 2013. In addition, the average rate of interest on the term loan under our senior secured credit facility in the first quarter of 2014 was 75 basis points lower than it was in the first quarter of 2013 due to the reduction in the interest rate pursuant to the terms and conditions in the credit agreement as well as from the refinancing transaction we completed in the fourth quarter of 2013.

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Other Income, Net

Included in other income, net for the first quarter of 2014 were approximately $529,000 of foreign currency net losses as compared to $1.8 million of foreign currency net gains during the same period in 2013. In addition, the first quarter of 2014 included a gain from the sale of marketable equity securities of approximately $5.0 million.

Income Tax Expense

The effective income tax rate for the first quarter of 2014 was positively impacted by our change in the assertion regarding the undistributed earnings of most of our foreign subsidiaries that are considered to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Prior to June 2013, we had not considered the majority of the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, the first quarter of 2013 was negatively impacted by income taxes imposed on most of the earnings of the foreign subsidiaries, as a deferred income tax liability was recorded each quarter for the anticipated income tax costs of repatriating those earnings in the future. We reevaluated this assertion following our initial public offering, or IPO, in May 2013 as a portion of the IPO proceeds were used to pay down debt held in the United States as well as the fact we do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future, which had been significant in the past. With this reduction of debt and related interest expense and the change in approach relating to payment of dividends, we expect to be able to support the cash needs of our domestic subsidiaries without repatriating cash from the affected foreign subsidiaries. We expect to utilize the cash generated outside of the United States to fund growth outside of the United States.

Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated affiliates reflected earnings of $4.9 million during the first quarter of 2014 as compared to a loss of $1.7 million for the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to gains in our NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund investment.

Segments

Service revenues and income from operations by segment are as follows (dollars in millions):

Certain costs are not allocated to our segments and are reported as general corporate and unallocated expenses. These costs primarily consist of share-based compensation and expenses for corporate office functions such as senior leadership, finance, human resources, IT, facilities and legal.

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Product Development

Service Revenues

Product Development’s service revenues were $770.8 million in the first quarter of 2014, an increase of $64.5 million, or 9.1%, over the same period in 2013. This increase was comprised of constant currency service revenue growth of $60.8 million, or 8.6%, and approximately $3.7 million due to the effect of foreign currency fluctuations. The constant currency service revenue growth was primarily a result of a volume-related increase of $29.5 million in clinical solutions and services and $32.7 million from a business acquired in the third quarter of 2013, which were partially offset by a decrease of $1.4 million from consulting services.

Our clinical solutions and services growth for the first quarter of 2014 was primarily related to core clinical in North America, an increase in global laboratories services as well as growth in clinical trial support services. This growth was due largely to execution on the higher backlog in place as we entered the quarter as a result of a consistent history of year-over-year growth in net new business. This growth was tempered by a decrease in service revenues from a large clinical solutions project which wound down in 2013.

Costs of Revenue, Service Costs

Product Development’s service costs increased approximately $21.5 million in the first quarter of 2014 over the same period in 2013. This increase was comprised of a $27.1 million constant currency increase, or 6.3%, partially offset by a reduction of $5.6 million from the positive effect of foreign currency fluctuations. The constant currency service costs growth was due to incremental costs resulting from the business combination completed in the third quarter of 2013 and increases in compensation and related expenses due to (1) annual merit increases, (2) an increase in billable headcount needed to support our higher volume of revenue, and (3) a reduction of an accrual for statutory profit sharing of approximately $5.4 million in 2013 as a result of guidance handed down by an administrative court in France. These increases in compensation and related expenses were partially offset by efficiencies gained from restructuring activities taken in prior years. As a percent of service revenues, Product Development’s service costs were 58.4% and 60.7% in the first quarter of 2014 and 2013, respectively. The decrease in service costs as a percentage of service revenues was primarily a result of a closer alignment of resources with project requirements.

Selling, General and Administrative

As a percent of service revenues, Product Development’s selling, general and administrative expenses were 20.8% and 20.5% in the first quarter of 2014 and 2013, respectively. Product Development’s selling, general and administrative expenses increased approximately $15.1 million in the first quarter of 2014 as compared to the same period in 2013. This increase was primarily caused by the impact from the business combination completed in the third quarter of 2013, increases in compensation and related expenses resulting from annual merit increases and an increase in headcount, and a growth related increase in IT costs. These increases were partially offset by a positive foreign currency impact of approximately $1.7 million.

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Integrated Healthcare Services

Service Revenues

Integrated Healthcare Services’ service revenues were $234.5 million in the first quarter of 2014, an increase of $13.4 million, or 6.0%, over the same period in 2013. This increase is comprised of constant currency service revenue growth of $17.6 million, or 7.9%, partially offset by a negative impact of approximately $4.2 million due to the effect of foreign currency fluctuations. The increase in constant currency service revenues was driven by an increase in commercial services in Japan and North America as well as growth in real-world and late phase research services.

Costs of Revenue, Service Costs

Integrated Healthcare Services’ service costs increased approximately $11.1 million in the first quarter of 2014. This increase was comprised of a $14.3 million constant currency increase, or 7.9%, partially offset by a reduction of $3.2 million from the positive effect of foreign currency fluctuations. The constant currency increase was primarily due to increases in compensation and related expenses resulting from an increase in billable headcount needed to support the higher volume of revenue as well as annual merit increases in compensation.

Selling, General and Administrative

Integrated Healthcare Services’ selling, general and administrative expenses in the first quarter of 2014 were slightly lower as compared to the same period in 2013 due to lower compensation and related expenses primarily as a result of lower headcount.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our operating, investing and financing activities. Our principal source of liquidity is operating cash flows. In addition to operating cash flows, other significant factors that affect our overall management of liquidity include: capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, dividends, equity repurchases, adequacy of our revolving credit facility, and access to the capital markets.

We manage our worldwide cash requirements by monitoring the funds available among our subsidiaries and determining the extent to which those funds can be accessed on a cost effective basis. The repatriation of cash balances from certain of our subsidiaries could have adverse income tax consequences. During the second quarter of 2013, we changed our assertion regarding the earnings of most of our foreign subsidiaries and now consider them indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Making this assertion limits our ability to repatriate cash from our foreign subsidiaries for the foreseeable future. In making this assertion, we determined that the cash flows expected to be generated in the United States should be sufficient to fund our operating requirements and debt service obligations in the United States and that we intend to use the cash generated by the affected foreign subsidiaries to fund growth outside of the United States. A future distribution or change in this assertion could result in additional tax liability.

We had a cash balance of $741.4 million at March 31, 2014 ($289.9 million of which was in the United States), a decrease from $778.1 million at December 31, 2013.

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On October 30, 2013, our Board approved an equity repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to $125.0 million of either our common stock or vested in-the-money employee stock options, or a combination thereof. We used $65.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2013 to purchase $59.1 million of stock options and $6.4 million of common stock. We have used and intend to continue to use cash on hand to fund the equity repurchase program. The equity repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any particular amount of common stock or vested in-the-money employee stock options, and it could be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. Repurchases of vested in-the-money employee stock options were made through transactions between us and our employees (other than our executive officers, who were not eligible to participate in the program), and this aspect of the equity repurchase program expired in November 2013. The equity repurchase program for common stock does not have an end date. Additional information regarding our equity repurchase program is presented in Part II, Item 2 “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Based on our current operating plan, we believe that our available cash and cash equivalents, future cash flows from operations and our ability to access funds under our revolving credit facility, will enable us to fund our operating requirements and capital expenditures and meet debt obligations for at least the next 12 months. We regularly evaluate our debt arrangements, as well as market conditions, and from time to time we may explore opportunities to modify our existing debt arrangements or pursue additional financing arrangements that could result in the issuance of new debt securities by us or our affiliates. We may use our existing cash, cash generated from operations or dispositions of assets or businesses and/or proceeds from any new financing arrangements or issuances of debt or equity securities to repay or reduce some of our outstanding obligations, to repurchase shares from our shareholders or for other purposes. While our Board will review our dividend policy from time to time, we currently do not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. As part of our ongoing business strategy, we also are continually evaluating new acquisition, expansion and investment possibilities or other strategic growth opportunities, as well as potential dispositions of assets or businesses, as appropriate, including dispositions that may cause us to recognize a loss on certain assets. Should we elect to pursue any such transaction, we may seek to obtain debt or equity financing to facilitate those activities. Our ability to enter into any such potential transactions and our use of cash or proceeds is limited to varying degrees by the terms and restrictions contained in our senior secured credit facilities. We cannot provide assurances that we will be able to complete any such alternative financing arrangements or other transactions on favorable terms or at all.

As of March 31, 2014, we had $2.05 billion of total indebtedness. Additionally, our senior secured credit agreement provides for a $300 million revolving credit facility. There were no amounts drawn on this revolving credit facility in the first quarter of 2014. Our long-term debt arrangements contain usual and customary restrictive covenants, and as of March 31, 2014, we believe we were in compliance with these covenants.

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis – Liquidity and Capital Resources” and Note 10 to our audited consolidated financial statements, each included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, for additional details regarding our credit arrangements.

Three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013

Cash Flow from Operating Activities

Cash used in operating activities increased by $7.0 million during the first three months of 2014 as compared to the same period in 2013. This increase in cash used in operations was primarily as a result of higher cash used in days sales outstanding, or DSO ($11.4 million), higher payments for income taxes ($12.3 million), and higher cash used for incentive compensation. This higher cash used reflects a five-day increase in DSO in the first three months of 2014 compared to a three-day increase in the first three months of 2013. The net impact on cash from the increase in DSO resulted from a trend we continue to experience toward longer payment terms on our contracts. DSO can shift significantly at each reporting period depending on the timing of cash receipts under contractual payment terms relative to the recognition of revenue over a project lifecycle. These higher uses in cash from operations were partially offset by the increase in net income and lower payments for interest ($9.0 million) in the first three months of 2014 as compared to the same period in 2013.

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Cash Flow from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities decreased by $22.2 million during the first three months of 2014 as compared to the same period in 2013. This decline in the use of cash in the first three months of 2014 was primarily related to lower cash used for the acquisition of property, equipment and software and an increase in proceeds from the sale of third-party securities.

Cash Flow from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities increased by $37.0 million to $3.0 million during the first three months of 2014, as compared to cash used of $34.0 million during the same period in 2013. The cash provided by financing activities in the first three months of 2014 was primarily related to the exercise of stock options and the excess income tax benefits on stock option exercises, partially offset by the remittance of payroll tax withheld on stock options repurchased in the fourth quarter of 2013. The cash used in financing activities in the first three months of 2013 was primarily a result of a mandatory prepayment of $33.8 million on our senior secured credit facilities as a result of excess cash flow (as defined in the credit agreement).

Net New Business Reporting and Backlog

Net new business is the value of services awarded during the period from projects under signed contracts, letters of intent and, in some cases, pre-contract commitments, which are supported by written communications and adjusted for contracts that were modified or canceled during the period. Net new business under sole provider arrangements is recorded over the life of the arrangement as projects are awarded. Under sole provider arrangements, we are considered the exclusive provider for the contracted service or services.

Consistent with our methodology for calculating net new business during a particular period, backlog represents, at a particular point in time, future service revenues from work not yet completed or performed under signed contracts, letters of intent and, in some cases, pre-contract commitments that are supported by written communications. Once work begins on a project, service revenues are recognized over the duration of the project. Included within backlog at March 31, 2014 is approximately $6,607 million of backlog that we do not expect to generate revenue in the next 12 months.

Backlog was as follows: