PBSV 10-Q Quarterly Report April 30, 2020

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

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10-Q 1 pbsv_10q.htm QUARTERLY REPORT pbsv_10q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended April 30, 2020

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to ______________

Commission File No. 000-50956

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	20-0653570
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

Pharma-Bio Serv # 6 Road 696 Dorado, Puerto Rico	00646 (Zip Code)
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code 787-278-2709

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

	Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐
	Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
		Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of June 12, 2020 was 23,001,627.

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED APRIL 30, 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 – Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019 (unaudited)		1

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		6

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)		8

Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		15

Item 4 – Controls and Procedures		19

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 – Legal Proceedings		20

Item 1 A – Risk Factors		20

Item 6 – Exhibits		21

SIGNATURES		22

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated B alance Sheets

(Unaudited)

ASSETS	April 30, 2020*	October 31, 2019**
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 15,581,997	$ 15,490,174
Accounts receivable	9,976,981	8,781,026
Current portion - promissory note receivable due from sale of assets from discontinued operations	1,250,000	1,250,000
Prepaids and other assets	332,722	453,780
Total current assets	27,141,700	25,974,980
Property and equipment, net	250,752	290,658
Operating lease right-of-use	874,840	-
Other assets	368,631	367,437
Total assets	$ 28,635,923	$ 26,633,075
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities
Current portion-obligations under finance leases	$ 11,331	$ 11,030
Loans short term portion	643,900	-
Current operating lease liabilities	156,496	-
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	1,423,139	1,590,172
Dividend payable to stockholders	-	1,725,295
Current portion of US Tax Reform Transition Tax and income taxes payable	476,881	344,043
Total current liabilities	2,711,747	3,670,540
US Tax Reform Transition Tax payable	2,058,512	2,270,000
Loans-long term portion	1,287,800	-
Obligations under finance leases	61,337	67,079
Long-term operating lease liabilities	696,916	-
Other liabilities	17,950	17,950
Total liabilities	6,834,262	6,025,569
Stockholders' equity
Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value; authorized 10,000,000 shares; none outstanding	-	-
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares; 23,405,753 and 23,397,707 shares issued, and 23,001,627 and 22,995,881 shares outstanding at April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019, respectively	2,341	2,340
Additional paid-in capital	1,403,936	1,381,076
Retained earnings	20,687,529	19,473,069
Accumulated other comprehensive income	102,133	143,600
	21,195,939	21,000,085
Treasury stock, at cost; 404,126 and 401,826 common shares held at April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019, respectively	(394,278 )	(392,579 )
Total stockholders' equity	21,801,661	20,607,506
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 28,635,923	$ 26,633,075

*	Unaudited.
**	Condensed from audited financial statements.

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

-1-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of O perations

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended April 30,		Six months ended April 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
REVENUES	$ 5,647,767	$ 5,150,344	$ 10,260,934	$ 9,716,541

COST OF SERVICES	3,778,867	3,556,942	6,806,142	6,644,079

GROSS PROFIT	1,868,900	1,593,402	3,454,792	3,072,462

SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES	1,148,516	1,116,474	2,197,649	2,163,033

INCOME FROM OPERATIONS	720,384	476,928	1,257,143	909,429

OTHER INCOME, NET	48,584	305,813	94,020	387,287

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX	768,968	782,741	1,351,163	1,296,716

INCOME TAX EXPENSE	81,407	75,258	136,702	118,213

NET INCOME	$ 687,561	$ 707,483	$ 1,214,461	$ 1,178,503


BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE	$ 0.030	$ 0.031	$ 0.053	$ 0.051

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING – BASIC	23,001,627	23,002,903	23,002,745	23,032,107

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING - DILUTED	23,029,203	23,068,923	23,025,958	23,105,166

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

-2-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive I ncome

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended April 30,		Six months ended April 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
NET INCOME	$ 687,561	$ 707,483	$ 1,214,461	$ 1,178,503

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF RECLASSIFICATION ADJUSTMENTS AND TAXES:
Foreign currency translation loss	(29,733 )	(23,267 )	(41,467 )	(10,950 )
Available-for-sale securities o ther-than-temporary impairment included in net income	-	-	-	(4,475 )

TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS	(29,733 )	(23,267 )	(41,467 )	(15,425 )

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$ 657,828	$ 684,216	$ 1,172,994	$ 1,163,078

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

-3-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' E quity

(Unaudited)

							Accumulated
					Additional		Other
FISCAL YEAR 2019	Common Stock		Preferred Stock		Paid-in	Retained	Comprehensive	Treasury
	Shares	Amount	Shares	Amount	Capital	Earnings	Income (Loss)	Stock	Total
BALANCE AT NOVEMBER 1, 2018	23,373,817	$ 2,337	-	$ -	$ 1,346,956	$ 19,111,111	$ 107,947	$ (304,688 )	$ 20,263,663

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION	-	-	-	-	9,000	-	-	-	9,000

ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK PURSUANT TO THE CASHLESS EXERCISE OF STOCK OPTIONS	3,442	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	1

PURCHASE OF TREASURY STOCK (65,772 SHARES)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	(65,755 )	(65,755 )

NET INCOME	-	-	-	-	-	471,020	-	-	471,020

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET OF TAX	-	-	-	-	-	-	7,842	-	7,842

BALANCE AT JANUARY 31, 2019	23,377,259	2,338	-	-	1,355,956	19,582,131	115,789	(370,443 )	20,685,771

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION	-	-	-	-	9,000	-	-	-	9,000

ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK PURSUANT TO THE CASHLESS EXERCISE OF STOCK OPTIONS	20,448	2	-	-	-	(3 )	-	-	(1 )

PURCHASE OF TREASURY STOCK (20,050 SHARES)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	(21,564 )	(21,564 )

NET INCOME	-	-	-	-	-	707,483	-	-	707,483

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF TAX	-	-	-	-	-	-	(23,267 )	-	(23,267 )

BALANCE AT APRIL 30, 2019	23,397,707	$ 2,340	-	$ -	$ 1,364,956	$ 20,289,611	$ 92,522	$ (392,007 )	$ 21,357,422

-4-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' E quity (Continued)

(Unaudited)

							Accumulated
					Additional		Other
FISCAL YEAR 2020	Common Stock		Preferred Stock		Paid-in	Retained	Comprehensive	Treasury
	Shares	Amount	Shares	Amount	Capital	Earnings	Income (Loss)	Stock	Total
BALANCE AT NOVEMBER 1, 2019	23,397,707	$ 2,340	-	$ -	$ 1,381,076	$ 19,473,069	$ 143,600	$ (392,579 )	$ 20,607,506

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION	-	-	-	-	11,430	-	-	-	11,430

ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK PURSUANT TO THE CASHLESS EXERCISE OF STOCK OPTIONS	8,046	1	-	-	-	(1 )	-	-	-

PURCHASE OF TREASURY STOCK (2,300 SHARES)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	(1,699 )	(1,699 )

NET INCOME	-	-	-	-	-	526,900	-	-	526,900

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF TAX		-	-	-	-	-	(11,734 )	-	(11,734 )

BALANCE AT JANUARY 31, 2020	23,405,753	2,341	-	-	1,392,506	19,999,968	131,866	(394,278 )	21,132,403

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION		-	-	-	11,430	-	-	-	11,430

NET INCOME		-	-	-	-	687,561	-	-	687,561

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF TAX		-	-	-	-	-	(29,733 )	-	(29,733 )

BALANCE AT APRIL 30, 2020	23,405,753	$ 2,341	-	$ -	$ 1,403,936	$ 20,687,529	$ 102,133	$ (394,278 )	$ 21,801,661

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

-5-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash F lows

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended April 30,		Six months ended April 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 687,561	$ 707,483	$ 1,214,461	$ 1,178,503
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Gain on disposition of property and equipment	(4,918 )	(47,392 )	(4,918 )	(47,392 )
Stock-based compensation	11,430	9,000	22,860	18,000
Depreciation and amortization	21,579	21,844	42,611	48,682
Other-than-temporary impairment on available-for-sale securities	-	-	-	(4,475 )
Increase in accounts receivable	(2,262,929 )	(1,212,558 )	(1,200,788 )	(1,473,845 )
(Increase) decrease in other assets	111,919	23,593	(725,524 )	80,329
Increase (decrease) in liabilities	(121,349 )	(324,887 )	609,610	(840,431 )
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES	(1,556,707 )	(822,917 )	(41,688 )	(1,040,629 )
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Disposal of marketable securities	-	-	-	44,475
Acquisition of property and equipment	(27,548 )	(35,761 )	(38,874 )	(38,844 )
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	12,000	99,038	12,000	99,038
Collection from promissory note receivable	-	500,000	-	500,000
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES	(15,548 )	563,277	(26,874 )	604,669
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from loans	1,931,700	-	1,931,700	-
Repurchase of common stock	-	(21,564 )	(1,699 )	(87,319 )
Payments on obligations under finance lease	(2,739 )	(58,993 )	(5,441 )	(62,390 )
Cash dividends paid to shareholders	-	-	(1,725,295 )	-
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES	1,928,961	(80,557 )	199,265	(149,709 )
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH	(29,461 )	(25,218 )	(38,880 )	(11,140 )
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	327,245	(365,415 )	91,823	(596,809 )
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - BEGINNING OF PERIOD	15,254,752	15,798,526	15,490,174	16,029,920
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – END OF PERIOD	$ 15,581,997	$ 15,433,111	$ 15,581,997	$ 15,433,111

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

-6-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended April 30,		Six months ended April 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOURES OF CASH FLOWS INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes	$ 211,763	$ 326,898	$ 211,763	$ 326,898
Interest	$ 988	$ 1,425	$ 2,004	$ 1,904

SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULES OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Income tax withheld by clients to be used as a credit in the Company’s income tax return	$ -	$ 17,411	$ 3,649	$ 24,000
Conversion of cashless exercise of options to shares of common stock and shares issued under restricted stock unit agreements	$ -	$ 2	$ 1	$ 3
Obligations under capital lease incurred for the acquisition of a vehicle	$ -	$ 86,000	$ -	$ 86,000
Disposed property and equipment with accumulated depreciation of $17,913 for the three and six months ended April 30, 2020 and $86,773 for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019	$ 24,995	$ 138,419	$ 24,995	$ 138,419

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

-7-

PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC.

Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial S tatements

April 30, 2020

(Unaudited)

NOTE A - ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

ORGANIZATION

Pharma-Bio Serv, Inc. (“Pharma-Bio”) is a Delaware corporation organized on January 14, 2004. Pharma-Bio is the parent company of Pharma-Bio Serv PR, Inc. (“Pharma-PR”), Pharma Serv, Inc. (“Pharma-Serv”), and Scienza Labs, Inc. (“Scienza Labs”), each a Puerto Rico corporation, Pharma-Bio Serv US, Inc. (“Pharma-US”), a Delaware corporation, Pharma-Bio Serv Validation & Compliance Limited (“Pharma-IR”), an Irish corporation currently inactive, Pharma-Bio Serv SL (“Pharma-Spain”), a Spanish limited liability company, and Pharma-Bio Serv Brasil Servicos de Consultoria Ltda. (“Pharma-Brazil”), a Brazilian limited liability company. Pharma-Bio, Pharma-PR, Pharma-Serv, Scienza Labs, Pharma-US, Pharma-IR, Pharma-Spain and Pharma-Brazil are collectively referred to as the “Company.” The Company operates in Puerto Rico, the United States, Ireland, Spain and Brazil under the name of Pharma-Bio Serv and is engaged in providing technical compliance consulting service.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The condensed consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of October 31, 2019 is derived from audited consolidated financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. The results of operations for the six months ended April 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of expected results for the full 2020 fiscal year.

The accompanying financial data as of April 30, 2020, and for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 has been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally contained in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019.

Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Segments

The Company operates in three reportable business segments: (i) Puerto Rico technical compliance consulting, (ii) United States technical compliance consulting, and (iii) Europe technical compliance consulting. Accordingly, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are presented to show these three reportable segments.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

-8-

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Accounting standards have established a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting standards have established three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 :	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2:	Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 :	Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).

The carrying value of the Company's financial instruments (excluding obligations under finance leases), cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, are considered reasonable estimates of fair value due to their liquidity or short-term nature. Management believes, based on current rates, that the fair value of its obligations under finance leases approximates the carrying amount.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a new accounting standard that amends the guidance for the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers to transfer goods and services. The FASB subsequently issued additional, clarifying standards to address issues arising from implementation of the new revenue recognition standard. The new revenue recognition standard and clarifying standards require an entity to recognize revenue when control of promised goods or services is transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We adopted this new standard as of November 1, 2018, by applying the modified-retrospective method to those contracts that were not completed as of that date. The results for reporting periods beginning after November 1, 2018, are presented in accordance with the new standard, although comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards and policies in effect for those periods. The adoption of this new standard had an immaterial impact on our reported total revenues and operating income as compared to what reported amounts would have been under the prior standard.

Revenue is primarily derived from: (1) time and materials contracts (representing approximately 99% of total revenues), which is recognized by applying the proportional performance model, whereby revenue is recognized as performance occurs, and (2) short-term fixed-fee contracts or "not to exceed" contracts (representing approximately 1% of total revenues), which revenue is recognized similarly, except that certain milestones also have to be reached before revenue is recognized. If the Company determines that a contract will result in a loss, the Company recognizes the estimated loss in the period in which such determination is made.

Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash equivalents include investments in a money market obligations trust that is registered under the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at their estimated realizable value. Accounts are deemed past due when payment has not been received within the stated time period. The Company's policy is to review individual past due amounts periodically and write off amounts for which all collection efforts are deemed to have been exhausted. Due to the nature of the Company’s customers, bad debts are mainly accounted for using the direct write-off method whereby an expense is recognized only when a specific account is determined to be uncollectible. The effect of using this method approximates that of the allowance method.

Income Taxes

The Company follows an asset and liability approach method of accounting for income taxes. This method measures deferred income taxes by applying enacted statutory rates in effect at the balance sheet date to the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts on the financial statements. The resulting deferred tax assets or liabilities are adjusted to reflect changes in tax laws as they occur. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized.

-9-

The Company follows guidance from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) related to Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, which includes a two-step approach to recognizing, de-recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. As of April 30, 2020, the Company had no significant uncertain tax positions that would be reduced as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations.

Property and Equipment

Owned property and equipment are stated at cost. Vehicles under finance leases are stated at the lower of fair market value or net present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the leases.

Depreciation of owned assets are provided for, when placed in service, in amounts sufficient to relate the cost of depreciable assets to operations over their estimated service lives, using straight-line basis. Assets under finance leases are amortized over the lease term. While expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed when incurred. As of April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019, the accumulated depreciation amounted to $481,325 and $509,275, respectively.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates for impairment its long-lived assets to be held and used, and long-lived assets to be disposed of, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Based on management estimates, no impairment of the long-lived assets was present as of April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019.

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the consolidated financial statements based on the fair value of the awards granted. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which generally represents the vesting period, and includes an estimate of awards that will be forfeited. The Company calculates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model at the grant date, while for restricted stock units the fair market value of the units is determined by Company’s share market value at grant date. Excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation are reflected as cash flows from financing activities rather than cash flows from operating activities. The Company has not recognized such cash flows from financing activities since there has been no tax benefit related to the stock-based compensation.

Earnings Per Share of Common Stock

Basic earnings per share of common stock is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share includes the dilution of common stock equivalents, which include principally shares that may be issued upon the exercise of warrants, stock option and restricted stock unit awards.

The diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding were calculated using the treasury stock method for the respective periods.

Foreign Operations

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is its local currency. The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the period. The cumulative translation effect for subsidiaries using a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar is included as a cumulative translation adjustment in stockholders’ equity and as a component of comprehensive income.

The Company’s intercompany accounts are typically denominated in the functional currency of the foreign subsidiary. Gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of intercompany receivables that the Company considers to be of a long-term investment nature are recorded as a cumulative translation adjustment in stockholders’ equity and as a component of comprehensive income, while gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of intercompany receivables from those international subsidiaries for which the Company anticipates settlement in the foreseeable future are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations.

Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the filing date of this report. The Company has determined that there are no events occurring in this period that required disclosure or adjustment.

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Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the April 30, 2019 condensed consolidated financial statements to conform them to the April 30, 2020 condensed consolidated financial statements presentation. Such reclassifications do not affect net income as previously reported.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 is intended to increase transparency and comparability of accounting for lease transactions. For all leases with terms greater than twelve months, the new guidance will require lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet and to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about lease transactions. The new standard maintains a distinction between finance leases and operating leases. As a result, the effect of leases in the statement of operations and statement of cash flows is largely unchanged. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases - Targeted Improvements, to allow a company to elect an optional modified retrospective transition method that applies the new lease requirements through a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption.

Effective November 1, 2019, the Company adopted the new lease accounting standard using the modified retrospective transition option of applying the new standard at the adoption date. We categorize leases at their inception as either operating or finance leases. The Company leases include an operational lease for office space and a finance lease agreement for a vehicle. The adoption of the new standard resulted in the operating lease being included in operating lease right-of-use assets, current operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, but did not have an impact on the Company’s beginning balance of retained earnings, consolidated statement of operations or statement of cash flows. Finance leases are included in net property and equipment, current installments of long-term debt, and long-term debt in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The most significant impact was the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on account of the Company’s operating leases. The Company recognized $941,009 of right-of-use assets and $911,922 in operating lease liabilities at November 1, 2019. As of April 30, 2020, the total right-of-use assets related to the Company’s operating leases was $874,840 and operating lease liabilities current and non-current were approximately $156,496 and $696,916, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent accounting pronouncements pending adoption not discussed above or in the 2019 Form 10-K are either not applicable or will not have or are not expected to have a material impact on us.

NOTE B – PROMISSORY NOTE

On September 17, 2018 (the “Sales Closing Date”), the Company sold substantially all of its Lab business assets (the “Laboratory Assets”). Upon the completion of the Laboratory Assets sale, the Company received, as partial payment, a $3 million Promissory Note from the purchaser. The Promissory Note is composed of two tranches; (i) Tranche A for $2 million and secured with lab equipment and (ii) Tranche B for $1 million which is unsecured. The interest rate accrual is 3% for Tranche A and 5% for Tranche B. As of April 30, 2020, pursuant to the terms of the Promissory Note, the Company has collected $1,750,000. The Promissory Note final installment of $1,250,000 from Tranche A is due September 17, 2020.

NOTE C – LOANS

On April 23, 2020, Pharma-PR, Pharma-Serv, and Pharma-US (collectively, the “ Borrowers ”) entered into loan agreements and related promissory notes (the “ SBA Loan Documents ”) to receive U.S. Small Business Administration Loans (the “ SBA Loans ”). These loans were originated pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “ PPP ”) established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “ CARES Act ”), and in the aggregate amount of $1,931,700 (the “ Loan Proceeds ”). The Borrowers received the Loan Proceeds on April 23, 2020. In accordance with the SBA Loan Documents, the SBA Loans (i) have a fixed interest rate of 1%, (ii) begin repayment six months from the date of disbursement of each SBA Loan, and (iii) mature two years from the date of first disbursement. These SBA Loans have no prepayment penalty.

NOTE D - INCOME TAXES

On December 22, 2017, Public Law 115-97, commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Reform”), was enacted. The Tax Reform is applicable to the Company commencing with its fiscal year 2018. The Tax Reform imposed a mandatory one-time transition tax (the “Transition Tax”) over foreign subsidiaries undistributed earnings and profits (“E&Ps”) earned prior to a date set by the statute. Based on the Company’s E&Ps, the Transition Tax is estimated to be approximately $2.7 million. The Company elected to pay the Transition Tax liability over an eight year period starting with the Company’s fiscal year 2019. In the past, most of these E&Ps’ were not repatriated and, considered to be reinvested indefinitely in the foreign location. Therefore no US tax liability was incurred with respect to these E&Ps, unless the E&Ps were repatriated as a dividend. After December 31, 2017, the Tax Reform established a 100% tax exemption on the foreign-source portion of dividends which are received attributable to E&Ps, with certain limitations.

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In June 2011, Pharma-Bio, Pharma-PR and Pharma-Serv obtained a Grant of Industrial Tax Exemption pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in Act No. 73 of May 28, 2008 (“the Grant”) issued by the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company (“PRIDCO”). The Grant was effective as of November 1, 2009 and covers a fifteen-year period. The Grant provides relief on various Puerto Rico taxes, including income tax, with certain limitations, for most of the activities carried on within Puerto Rico, including services to parties located outside of Puerto Rico. Industrial Development Income (“IDI”) covered under the Grant are subject to a fixed income tax rate of 4%. In addition, IDI earnings distributions accumulated since November 1, 2009 are totally exempt from Puerto Rico earnings distribution tax.

Puerto Rico operations not covered in the exempt activities of the Grant are subject to Puerto Rico income tax at a maximum tax rate of 37.5% as provided by the 1994 Puerto Rico Internal Revenue Code, as amended. The operations carried out in the United States by the Company’s subsidiaries, is taxed in the United States at a maximum regular federal income tax rate of 21%.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the consolidated financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.

Pharma-Spain, Pharma-IR and Pharma-Bio/Pharma-US have unused operating losses which result in a potential deferred tax asset. However, an allowance has been provided covering the total amount of such balance since it is uncertain whether the net operating losses can be used to offset future taxable income before their expiration dates. Realization of future tax benefits related to a deferred tax asset is dependent on many factors, including the company’s ability to generate taxable income. Accordingly, the income tax benefit will be recognized when realization is determined to be more probable than not. These net operating losses are available to offset future taxable income through 2034 for Pharma-Spain; indefinitely for Pharma-IR; until 2039 for Pharma-Bio/Pharma-US.

The Company files income tax returns in the United States (federal and various states jurisdictions), Puerto Rico, Ireland, Spain and Brazil. The 2015 (2014 for Puerto Rico) through 2018 tax years are open and may be subject to potential examination in one or more jurisdictions. Currently, the Company has no federal, state, Puerto Rico or foreign income tax examination.

NOTE E – WARRANTS

On December 2014, the Company entered into a stock warrant agreement with a firm in exchange for providing (i) business development and (ii) mergers and acquisition services to the Company. The Company warrants for the purchase of 1,000,000 common shares issued to this firm expired on December 1, 2019 without being exercised.

NOTE F – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following data shows the amounts used in the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per share.

	Three months ended April 30,		Six months ended April 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
Net income available to common equity holders - used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share	$ 687,561	$ 707,483	$ 1,214,461	$ 1,178,503

Weighted average number of common shares - used to compute basic earnings per share	23,001,627	23,002,903	23,002,745	23,032,107
Effect of options to purchase common stock	27,576	66,020	23,213	73,059
Weighted average number of shares - used to compute diluted earnings per share	23,029,203	23,068,923	23,025,958	23,105,166

For the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020, options for the purchase of shares of 340,000 common stock were not considered in computing diluted earnings per share because the effect was antidilutive. In addition, warrants and options for the purchase of 1,000,000 and 80,000 shares of common stock, respectively, for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2019, were not included in computing diluted earnings per share because their effects were also antidilutive.

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NOTE G – EQUITY TRANSACTIONS

On June 13, 2014, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the Company to repurchase up to two million shares of its outstanding common stock (the “Repurchase Program”). The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases under the Repurchase Program will be at the discretion of the Company, subject to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and related rules. The Repurchase Program does not oblige the Company to repurchase any shares and it may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time and for any reason. No shares will be repurchased under the Repurchase Program directly from directors or officers of the Company. As of April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019, a total of 341,154 and 338,854 shares of the Company’s common stock were purchased under the Repurchase Program for an aggregate amount of $331,306 and $329,607, respectively. During April 2020, the Company suspended purchases under the Repurchase Program to conserve cash due to the economic uncertainty caused by the coronavirus pandemic. Also, on November 26, 2018, the Company repurchased 62,972 shares of common stock, outside of the Repurchase Program, from the Company’s Chief Executive Officer at $1.00 per share. These shares were repurchased at a discount to market to provide for an orderly disposition of the shares.

NOTE H - CONCENTRATIONS OF RISK

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company’s domestic cash and cash equivalents consist of cash deposits in FDIC insured banks (substantially covered by FDIC insurance by the spread of deposits in multiple FDIC insured banks), a money market obligations trust registered under the US Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and U.S. Treasury securities with maturities of three months or less. In the foreign markets we serve, we also maintain cash deposits in foreign banks, which have no specific insurance. No losses have been experienced or are expected on these accounts.

Accounts receivable and revenues

Management deems all of its accounts receivable to be fully collectible, and, as such, does not maintain any allowances for uncollectible receivables.

The Company's revenues, and the related receivables, are concentrated in the pharmaceutical industry in Puerto Rico, the United States, Ireland, Spain and Brazil. Although a few customers represent a significant source of revenue, the Company’s functions are not a continuous process, accordingly, the client base for which the services are typically rendered, on a project-by-project basis, changes regularly.

The Company provided a substantial portion of its services to five customers, which accounted for 10% or more of its revenues in either of the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019. During the three months ended April 30, 2020, revenues from these customers were 24.9%, 9.3%, 14.6%, 11.8% and 7.6%, or a total of 68.2%, as compared to the same period last year of 0.0%, 11.1%, 9.9%, 12.2% and 26.6%, or a total of 59.8%, respectively. During the six months ended April 30, 2020, revenues from these customers were 21.3%, 12.1%, 14.6%, 10.6% and 10.1%, or a total of 68.7%, as compared to the same period last year of 0.0%, 7.3%, 10.5%, 11.6% and 22.2%, or a total of 51.6%, respectively. At April 30, 2020, amounts due from these customers represented 85.2% of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance. This customer information is based on revenues earned from said customers at the segment level because in management’s opinion contracts by segments are totally independent of each other, and therefore such information is more meaningful to the reader.

At the global level, five global groups of affiliated companies accounted for 10% or more of its revenues in either of the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019. During the three months ended April 30, 2020, aggregate revenues from these global groups of affiliated companies were 24.9%, 11.9%, 14.6%, 11.8%, and 7.6%, or a total of 70.8%, as compared to the same period last year for 0.0%, 14.2%, 9.9%, 12.2%, and 26.6%, or a total of 62.9%, respectively. During the six months ended April 30, 2020, aggregate revenues from these global group of affiliated companies were 21.3%, 14.9%, 14.6%, 10.6% and 10.1%, or a total of 71.5%, as compared to the same period last year for 0.0%, 10.7%, 10.5%, 11.6% and 22.2%, or a total of 55.0%, respectively. At April 30, 2020, amounts due from these global groups of affiliated companies represented 86.1% of total accounts receivable balance.

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As of April 30, 2020, one of the Company’s customers (representing 10.2% of revenues during the six months ended April 30, 2020) owes the Company approximately $5.3 million (including $1.25 million from a Promissory Note due September 2020). This outstanding obligation represents approximately 21.6% of the Company’s total working capital. The Company is providing multiple services to this customer related to their construction and validation of a manufacturing facility in Puerto Rico. A significant portion of the customer’s funding comes from different financing sources. Management estimates that collectability of the account is reasonably assured, accordingly, no provision for losses, if any, have been recorded in the financial statements.

NOTE I - SEGMENT DISCLOSURES

The Company’s segments are based on the organizational structure for which financial results are regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to determine resource allocation and assess performance. Each reportable segment is managed by its own management team and reports to executive management. The Company has three reportable segments: (i) Puerto Rico technical compliance consulting, (ii) United States technical compliance consulting, and (iii) Europe technical compliance consulting. These reportable segments provide services primarily to the pharmaceutical, chemical, medical device and biotechnology industries in their respective markets.

The following table presents information about the reported revenue from services and earnings from operations of the Company for the three-month and six-month periods ended in April 30, 2020 and 2019. There is no intersegment revenue for the mentioned periods. Corporate expenses that support the operating units have been allocated to the segments. Asset information by reportable segment is not presented, since the Company does not produce such information internally, nor does it use such data to manage its business.

	Three months ended April 30,		Six months ended April 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
REVENUES:
Puerto Rico consulting	$ 5,116,682	$ 4,293,041	$ 9,297,592	$ 8,181,595
United States consulting	394,991	661,356	784,353	1,188,001
Europe consulting	133,762	141,500	155,950	233,231
Other segments¹	2,332	54,447	23,039	113,714
Total consolidated revenues	$ 5,647,767	$ 5,150,344	$ 10,260,934	$ 9,716,541

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TAXES:
Puerto Rico consulting	$ 633,633	$ 581,019	$ 1,150,772	$ 956,289
United States consulting	(41,887 )	14,230	(61,930 )	2,320
Europe consulting	7,489	(8,014 )	(61,684 )	(57,925 )
Other segments¹	169,733	195,506	324,005	396,032
Total consolidated income before taxes	$ 768,968	$ 782,741	$ 1,351,163	$ 1,296,716

¹	Other segments represent activities that fall below the reportable threshold and are carried out in Puerto Rico and Brazil. These activities include a Brazilian compliance consulting division and corporate headquarters, as applicable.

Long lived assets (property and equipment) as of April 30, 2020 and October 31, 2019, and related depreciation and amortization expense for the three and six months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, were concentrated in the corporate headquarters in Puerto Rico. Accordingly, depreciation expense and acquisition of property and equipment, as presented in the statements of cash flows are mainly related to the corporate headquarters.

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ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The f ollowing discussion of our results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the related notes included under Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, reference should be made to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto, and related Management’s Discussion and Analysis appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2019. The following discussion includes forward-looking statements. For a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ from results discussed in the forward-looking statements, see “Forward Looking Statements” below and the “Risk Factors” section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2019 and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

We are a compliance and technology transfer services consulting firm with headquarters in Puerto Rico, servicing the Puerto Rico, United States, Europe and Latin American markets. The compliance consulting service sector in those markets consists of local compliance and validation consulting firms, United States dedicated validation and compliance consulting firms and large publicly traded and private domestic and foreign engineering and consulting firms. We provide a broad range of compliance related consulting services. We market our services to pharmaceutical, chemical, biotechnology, medical devices, cosmetics and food industries, and allied products companies in Puerto Rico, the United States, Europe and Latin America. Our consulting team includes experienced engineering and life science professionals, former quality assurance managers and directors, and professionals with bachelors, masters and doctorate degrees in health sciences and engineering.

We actively operate in Puerto Rico, the United States, Europe and Latin America and pursue to further expand these markets by strengthening our business development infrastructure and by constantly realigning our business strategies as new opportunities and challenges arise.

We consider our core business to be Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and international agencies regulatory compliance consulting related services.

In line with the strategy to further penetrate the United States and Puerto Rico markets, we submit annually for renewal the certification as a "minority-controlled company" as defined by the National Minority Supplier Development Council and Growth Initiative ("NMSDC"). This certification, which has been held by us since July 2008, allows us to participate in corporate diversity programs available from various potential customers in the United States and Puerto Rico.

The Company holds a tax grant issued by the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company (“PRIDCO”), which provides relief on various Puerto Rico taxes, including income tax, with certain limitations, for most of the activities carried on within Puerto Rico, including those that are for services to parties located outside of Puerto Rico.

The following table sets forth information as to our revenue for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, by geographic regions (dollars in thousands).

	Three months ended April 30,				Six months ended April 30,
Revenues by Region:	2020		2019		2020		2019
Puerto Rico	$ 5,117	90.6 %	$ 4,293	83.3 %	$ 9,298	90.6 %	$ 8,182	84.2 %
United States	395	7.0 %	661	12.8 %	784	7.7 %	1,188	12.2 %
Europe	134	2.4 %	142	2.8 %	156	1.5 %	233	2.4 %
Other	2	0.0 %	54	1.1 %	23	0.2 %	113	1.2 %
	$ 5,648	100.0 %	$ 5,150	100.0 %	$ 10,261	100.0 %	$ 9,716	100.0 %

For the six-month period ended April 30, 2020, the Company’s total revenues were $10,261,000, a net increase of approximately $545,000 when compared to the same period last year. The Puerto Rico consulting market had a revenue increase in projects for approximately $1,116,000, while the US, Europe and Latin America markets had an aggregate decrease in revenue for approximately $571,000. When compared to the same period last year, gross margin increased 2.1 percentage points. The net increase in gross margin is mainly attributable to favorable consulting projects in the Puerto Rico consulting market. Selling, general and administrative expenses were approximately $2,198,000, a slight increase of $35,000 when compared to the same period last year. These factors resulted in a net income of approximately $1,214,000 for the six-month period ended April 30, 2020.

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While we have not identified any material adverse effect on our reported results for the second quarter resulting from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, we continue to actively monitor the pandemic and any potential impacts it may have on our business and results of operations for the third quarter and potentially beyond. The extent to which our operations will be impacted by the pandemic will depend largely on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the pandemic and actions by government authorities to contain the outbreak or treat its impact, among other things.

The coronavirus pandemic, the Puerto Rico government financial crisis, the Tax Reform, other tax reforms on the markets where we do business, bio-pharmaceutical industry consolidations, trends on managing contract resources, and Puerto Rico Act 154-2010, all pose current and future challenges which may adversely affect our future performance. We believe that our future profitability and liquidity will be dependent on the effect the local and global economy, including any impacts of the coronavirus pandemic, changes in tax laws, worldwide life science manufacturing industry consolidations, operational constraints imposed by our customers due to the coronavirus pandemic and resources management trends will have on our operations, and our ability to seek service opportunities and adapt to industry trends.

Results of Operations

The following table that sets forth our statements of operations for the three-month and six-month periods ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in thousands, and as a percentage of revenues) :

	Three months ended April 30,				Six months ended April 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenues	$ 5,648	100.0 %	$ 5,150	100.0 %	$ 10,261	100.0 %	$ 9,716	100.0 %
Cost of services	3,779	66.9 %	3,557	69.1 %	6,806	66.3 %	6,644	68.4 %
Gross profit	1,869	33.1 %	1,593	30.9 %	3,455	33.7 %	3,072	31.6 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,149	20.3 %	1,117	21.6 %	2,198	21.4 %	2,163	22.3 %
Other income, net	49	0.8 %	306	5.9 %	94	0.9 %	387	4.0 %
Income before income taxes	769	13.6 %	782	15.2 %	1,351	13.2 %	1,296	13.3 %
Income tax expense	81	1.4 %	75	1.5 %	137	1.4 %	118	1.2 %
Net income	688	12.2 %	707	13.7 %	1,214	11.8 %	1,178	12.1 %

Revenues . Revenues for the three and six months ended April 30, 2020 were $5,648,000 and $10,261,000, respectively, an increase of approximately $498,000 and $545,000, or 9.7% and 5.6%, respectively, when compared to the same periods last year.

The increase for the three months ended April 30, 2020, when compared to the same period last year, is mainly attributable to the increase in projects in the Puerto Rico market of approximately $824,000, partially offset by decreases in project revenue in US, Latin America and Europe of approximately $266,000, $52,000 and $8,000, respectively.

The increase for the six months ended in April 30, 2020, when compared to the same period last year, is mainly attributable to increases in projects in the Puerto Rico market of approximately $1,116,000, partially offset by decreases in project revenue in US, Latin America and Europe of approximately $404,000, $90,000 and $77,000, respectively.

Cost of Services; gross margin . Gross margin for the three and six months ended April 30, 2020 increased by 2.2 and 2.1 percentage points when compared to the same periods last year. The net increase in gross margin is mainly attributable to favorable consulting projects in the Puerto Rico consulting market.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended April 30, 2020 were approximately $1,149,000 and $2,198,000, a slight increase of approximately $32,000 and $35,000 when compared to the same periods last year, respectively. The slight increase is mainly attributable to expenses geared to increase sales volume, either by promotions or operational support.

Other Income, net . Other income for the three and six-months periods ended on April 30, 2020 decreased by approximately $257,000 and $293,000, respectively, when compared to the same periods last year. The decrease is mainly attributable to proceeds from the 2017 Puerto Rico hurricanes insurance claim for business interruption losses and additional expenses incurred of approximately $200,000 collected during April 2019. Additionally, the Company experienced a fiscal 2020 decline of (i) interest income and (ii) gain on disposition of fixed assets.

Net Income . Net income for the three and six months ended April 30, 2019 was approximately $0.7 and $1.2 million, respectively, reflecting no significant change when compared to the same periods last year, after considering the effects of the revenue increase and the decrease in other income as discussed above.

For the three and six months ended April 30, 2020, net income per common share for both basic and diluted were $0.030 and $0.053, a decline of $0.001 and an improvement of $0.002 per share, respectively, when compared to the same periods last year.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including planned capital expenditures. As of April 30, 2020, the Company had approximately $24.4 million in working capital.

On June 13, 2014, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the Company to repurchase up to two million shares of its common stock (the "Repurchase Program"). During the first quarter of Fiscal Year 2020, the Company repurchased an aggregate of 2,300 shares of its common stock pursuant to the Repurchase Program, while in the second quarter of Fiscal Year 2020 no shares were repurchased. During April 2020, the Company suspended purchases under the Repurchase Program to conserve cash due to the economic uncertainty caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

Our primary cash needs consist of the payment of compensation to our consulting team, overhead expenses, and statutory taxes. Additionally, we may use cash for the repurchase of our common stock under the Repurchase Program, capital expenditures and business development expenses. Management believes that based on the current level of working capital, operations and cash flows from operations, funds from the SBA Loans, and the collectability of high-quality customer receivables are sufficient to fund anticipated expenses and satisfy other possible long-term contractual commitments.

To the extent that we pursue possible opportunities to expand our operations, either by acquisition or by the establishment of operations in a new market, we will incur additional overhead, and there may be a delay between the period we commence operations and our generation of net cash flow from operations.

While uncertainties relating to the current local and global economic condition, including any impacts of the coronavirus pandemic, competition, the industries and geographical regions served by us and other regulatory matters exist within the consulting services industry, as described above, management is not aware of any other trends or events likely to have a material adverse effect on liquidity or the Company's financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We were not involved in any significant off-balance sheet arrangement during the six months ended April 30, 2020.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There were no material changes during the six months ended April 30, 2020 to the critical accounting policies reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019.

New Accounting Pronouncements

There were no new accounting standards issued since our filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019, which could have a significant effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Forward-Looking Statements

Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects, and the prevailing market price and performance of our common stock, may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the matters discussed below. Certain statements and information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as other written or oral statements made from time to time by us or by our authorized executive officers on our behalf, constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include all statements other than those made solely with respect to historical fact and identified by words such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “expects”, “intends” and similar expressions, but such words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. We intend for our forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and we set forth this statement and these risk factors in order to comply with such safe harbor provisions. You should note that our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or when made and we undertake no duty or obligation to update or revise our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Although we believe that the expectations, plans, intentions and projections reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The risks, uncertainties and other factors that our stockholders and prospective investors should consider include the following:

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Because our business is concentrated in the lifescience and medical devices industries in Puerto Rico, the United States, Europe and Brazil, any changes in those industries or in those markets could impair our ability to generate revenue and realize a profit.

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Puerto Rico’s economy, including its governmental financial crisis and the impact of Hurricanes Irma and Maria, or any other natural disaster, including the recent earthquakes, may affect the willingness of businesses to commence or expand operations in Puerto Rico, or may also consider closing operations located in Puerto Rico.

●

Puerto Rico government enacted ACT 154-2010 may adversely affect the willingness of our customers to do business in Puerto Rico and consequently adversely affect our business.

●

US Federal Tax Reform may affect the willingness of companies to continue or expand their operations in Puerto Rico.

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Further changes in tax laws in Puerto Rico or in other jurisdictions may adversely impact the willingness of our customers to continue or expand their Puerto Rico operations.

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Our business and operating results may be adversely impacted if we are unable to maintain our certification as a minority-controlled company.

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Because our business is dependent upon a small number of clients, the loss of a major client could impair our ability to operate profitably.

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Customer procurement and sourcing practices intended to reduce costs could have an adverse effect on our margins and profitability.

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We may be unable to pass on increased labor costs to our clients.

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Consolidation in the pharmaceutical industry may have a harmful effect on our business.

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Because the pharmaceutical industry is subject to government regulations, changes in government regulations relating to this industry may affect the need for our services.

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Since our business is dependent upon the development and enhancement of patented pharmaceutical products or processes by our clients, the failure of our clients to obtain and maintain patents could impair our ability to operate profitably.

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If we are unable to protect our clients’ intellectual property, our ability to generate business will be impaired.

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We may be subject to liability if our services or solutions for our clients infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others.

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We may be held liable for the actions of our employees or contractors when on assignment.

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To the extent that we perform services pursuant to fixed-price or incentive-based contracts, our cost of services may exceed our revenue on the contract.

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Because most of our contracts may be terminated on little or no advance notice, our failure to generate new business could impair our ability to operate profitably.

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Because we are dependent upon our management and technical personnel, our ability to develop our business may be impaired if we are not able to engage skilled personnel.

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Our cash could be adversely affected if the financial institutions in which we hold our cash fail.

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Our growth strategy may be harmed if we do not penetrate markets and grow our current business operations.

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Any outbreak of contagious diseases, or other adverse public health developments, could have a material and adverse effect on our business operations, financial condition and results of operations

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Because there is a limited market in our common stock, stockholders may have difficulty selling our common stock and our common stock may be subject to significant price swings.

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Our revenues, operating results and profitability will vary from quarter to quarter, which may result in increased volatility of our stock price.

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The Repurchase Program could affect the market price of our common stock and increase its volatility.

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The issuance of securities, whether in connection with an acquisition or otherwise, may result in significant dilution to our stockholders.

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I TEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Based on an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our last fiscal quarter identified in connection with that evaluation that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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P ART II– OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL P ROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may be a party to legal proceedings incidental to our business. We do not believe that there are any proceedings threatened or pending against us, which, if determined adversely to us, would have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations and cash flows.

ITEM 1A. RISK F ACTORS.

Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors included in our Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2019.

Any outbreak of contagious diseases, or other adverse public health developments, could have a material and adverse effect on our business operations, financial condition and results of operations.

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and has since spread to a number of other countries, including the United States. Any outbreak of contagious diseases, or other adverse public health developments, could have a material and adverse effect on businesses, including ours. For example, the coronavirus may negatively affect various aspects of our business, including our workforce and demand for our services. An impact to our workforce could impact our ability to deliver our services to our customers and make it more difficult to meet our expectations and obligations. The extent to which our operations will be impacted by the pandemic will depend largely on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the pandemic and actions by government authorities to contain the outbreak or treat its impact, among other things. A health epidemic or other outbreak could materially and adversely affect the global economy, and consequently our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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ITEM 6. E XHIBITS.

(a) Exhibits:

10.1	Loan Agreement of Pharma-Bio Serv PR, Inc. for Paycheck Protection Program Loan, dated April 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.2	Loan Agreement of Pharma Serv, Inc. for Paycheck Protection Program Loan, dated April 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.3	Loan Agreement of Pharma-Bio Serv US, Inc. for Paycheck Protection Program Loan, dated April 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.4	Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020, executed by Pharma-Bio Serv PR, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.5	Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020, executed by Pharma Serv, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
10.6	Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020, executed by Pharma-Bio Serv US, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
31.1	Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 *	Certification of the chief executive officer and chief financial officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS	XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

———————

*	Furnished herewith.

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S IGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	PHARMA-BIO SERV, INC .

	/s/ Victor Sanchez
	Victor Sanchez
	Chief Executive Officer and President Europe Operations
	(Principal Executive Officer)

	/s/ Pedro J. Lasanta
	Pedro J. Lasanta
	Chief Financial Officer and Vice President Finance and Administration
	(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

Dated: June 15, 2020

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I Financial Information Item 1. Financial Statements Item 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations Item 4. Controls and Procedures Part II Other Information Item 1. Legal Proceedings Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibits

10.1 Loan Agreement of Pharma-Bio Serv PR, Inc. for Paycheck Protection Program Loan, dated April 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference). 10.2 Loan Agreement of Pharma Serv, Inc. for Paycheck Protection Program Loan, dated April 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference). 10.3 Loan Agreement of Pharma-Bio Serv US, Inc. for Paycheck Protection Program Loan, dated April 23, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference). 10.4 Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020, executed by Pharma-Bio Serv PR, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference). 10.5 Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020, executed by Pharma Serv, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference). 10.6 Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020, executed by Pharma-Bio Serv US, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference). 31.1 Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 31.2 Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 32.1* Certification of the chief executive officer and chief financial officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

PBSV 10-Q Quarter ended April 30, 2020

Exhibits