SEM 10-Q Quarterly Report June 30, 2022 | Alphaminr
SELECT MEDICAL HOLDINGS CORP
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SEM 10-Q Quarter ended June 30, 2022

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SELECT MEDICAL HOLDINGS CORP
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us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2022-08-02

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2022
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to
Commission file numbers: 001-34465
SELECT MEDICAL HOLDINGS CORP ORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
Delaware 20-1764048
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
4714 Gettysburg Road , P.O. Box 2034
Mechanicsburg , PA 17055
(Address of Principal Executive Offices and Zip code)
( 717 ) 972-1100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share SEM New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods as such Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging Growth Company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐ No ☒
As of July 31, 2022, Select Medical Holdings Corporation had outstanding 125,916,075 shares of common stock.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, any reference in this report to “Holdings” refers to Select Medical Holdings Corporation and any reference to “Select” refers to Select Medical Corporation, the wholly owned operating subsidiary of Holdings, and any of Select’s subsidiaries. Any reference to “Concentra” refers to Concentra Group Holdings Parent, LLC (“Concentra Group Holdings Parent”) and its subsidiaries, including Concentra Inc. References to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer collectively to Holdings, Select, and Concentra.
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Select Medical Holdings Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 74,310 $ 94,669
Accounts receivable 889,303 921,623
Prepaid income taxes 55,620 42,642
Other current assets 120,206 162,114
Total Current Assets 1,139,439 1,221,048
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,078,754 1,136,678
Property and equipment, net 961,467 955,752
Goodwill 3,448,912 3,476,213
Identifiable intangible assets, net 374,879 366,222
Other assets 356,720 395,745
Total Assets $ 7,360,171 $ 7,551,658
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Overdrafts $ 42,353 $ 31,298
Current operating lease liabilities 229,334 233,917
Current portion of long-term debt and notes payable 17,572 44,009
Accounts payable 233,844 231,472
Accrued payroll 247,292 257,612
Accrued vacation 144,048 152,281
Accrued interest 29,002 29,339
Accrued other 244,312 242,980
Government advances 83,790 6,471
Unearned government assistance 93 586
Income taxes payable 1,437 11,774
Total Current Liabilities 1,273,077 1,241,739
Non-current operating lease liabilities 916,540 974,657
Long-term debt, net of current portion 3,556,385 3,723,734
Non-current deferred tax liability 142,792 157,892
Other non-current liabilities 106,442 107,738
Total Liabilities 5,995,236 6,205,760
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Redeemable non-controlling interests 39,033 42,197
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $ 0.001 par value, 700,000,000 shares authorized, 133,884,817 and 126,491,347 shares issued and outstanding at 2021 and 2022, respectively
134 126
Capital in excess of par 504,314 441,769
Retained earnings 593,251 565,556
Accumulated other comprehensive income 12,282 63,962
Total Stockholders’ Equity 1,109,981 1,071,413
Non-controlling interests 215,921 232,288
Total Equity 1,325,902 1,303,701
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 7,360,171 $ 7,551,658
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
Select Medical Holdings Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
Revenue $ 1,564,020 $ 1,584,741 $ 3,110,483 $ 3,184,288
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization 1,291,448 1,390,550 2,584,897 2,797,560
General and administrative 35,737 37,268 71,140 74,781
Depreciation and amortization 50,954 51,081 100,574 102,120
Total costs and expenses 1,378,139 1,478,899 2,756,611 2,974,461
Other operating income 98,087 15,125 132,108 15,125
Income from operations 283,968 120,967 485,980 224,952
Other income and expense:
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 11,809 6,167 21,728 11,564
Interest income — — 4,749 —
Interest expense ( 33,888 ) ( 41,052 ) ( 68,290 ) ( 76,566 )
Income before income taxes 261,889 86,082 444,167 159,950
Income tax expense 65,681 19,820 110,745 37,762
Net income 196,208 66,262 333,422 122,188
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 31,314 11,055 57,982 17,864
Net income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation $ 164,894 $ 55,207 $ 275,440 $ 104,324
Earnings per common share (Note 13):
Basic and diluted $ 1.22 $ 0.43 $ 2.04 $ 0.79
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
Select Medical Holdings Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(unaudited)
(in thousands)

For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
Net income $ 196,208 $ 66,262 $ 333,422 $ 122,188
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Gain (loss) on interest rate cash flow hedge ( 1,403 ) 11,833 6,748 51,647
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income 6 ( 6 ) 6 33
Net change, net of tax benefit (expense) of $ 486 , $( 3,942 ), $( 2,348 ) and $( 17,227 )
( 1,397 ) 11,827 6,754 51,680
Comprehensive income 194,811 78,089 340,176 173,868
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 31,314 11,055 57,982 17,864
Comprehensive income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation $ 163,497 $ 67,034 $ 282,194 $ 156,004

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


5
Select Medical Holdings Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity and Income
(unaudited)
(in thousands)

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Total Stockholders’ Equity
Common
Stock
Issued 		Common
Stock
Par Value 		Capital in
Excess
of Par 		Retained
Earnings 		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Total Stockholders’ Equity Non-controlling
Interests 		Total
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021 133,884 $ 134 $ 504,314 $ 593,251 $ 12,282 $ 1,109,981 $ 215,921 $ 1,325,902
Net income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation 49,117 49,117 49,117
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — 4,891 4,891
Cash dividends declared for common stockholders ($ 0.125 per share)
( 16,691 ) ( 16,691 ) ( 16,691 )
Issuance of restricted stock 13 0 0 — —
Vesting of restricted stock 8,288 8,288 8,288
Repurchase of common shares ( 2,128 ) ( 2 ) ( 23,459 ) ( 28,215 ) ( 51,676 ) ( 51,676 )
Issuance of non-controlling interests 651 651 4,578 5,229
Non-controlling interests acquired in business combination, measurement period adjustment — 12,463 12,463
Distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests — ( 9,097 ) ( 9,097 )
Redemption value adjustment on non-controlling interests ( 1,381 ) ( 1,381 ) ( 1,381 )
Other comprehensive income 39,853 39,853 39,853
Other ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )
Balance at March 31, 2022 131,769 $ 132 $ 489,794 $ 596,079 $ 52,135 $ 1,138,140 $ 228,756 $ 1,366,896
Net income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation 55,207 55,207 55,207
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — 9,155 9,155
Cash dividends declared for common stockholders ($ 0.125 per share)
( 16,108 ) ( 16,108 ) ( 16,108 )
Issuance of restricted stock 211 0 0 — —
Forfeitures of unvested restricted stock ( 6 ) 0 0 3 3 3
Vesting of restricted stock 8,406 8,406 8,406
Repurchase of common shares ( 5,483 ) ( 6 ) ( 56,965 ) ( 69,976 ) ( 126,947 ) ( 126,947 )
Issuance of non-controlling interests — 1,725 1,725
Distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests 534 534 ( 7,348 ) ( 6,814 )
Redemption value adjustment on non-controlling interests 355 355 355
Other comprehensive income 11,827 11,827 11,827
Other ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 )
Balance at June 30, 2022 126,491 $ 126 $ 441,769 $ 565,556 $ 63,962 $ 1,071,413 $ 232,288 $ 1,303,701
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Total Stockholders’ Equity
Common
Stock
Issued 		Common
Stock
Par Value 		Capital in
Excess
of Par 		Retained
Earnings 		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Stockholders’ Equity Non-controlling
Interests 		Total
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2020 134,850 $ 135 $ 509,128 $ 553,244 $ ( 2,027 ) $ 1,060,480 $ 192,493 $ 1,252,973
Net income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation 110,546 110,546 110,546
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — 17,042 17,042
Issuance of restricted stock 2 0 0 — —
Forfeitures of unvested restricted stock ( 14 ) 0 0 — —
Vesting of restricted stock 6,173 6,173 6,173
Non-controlling interests acquired in business combination — 8,193 8,193
Distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests ( 787 ) ( 787 ) ( 13,458 ) ( 14,245 )
Redemption value adjustment on non-controlling interests ( 38,405 ) ( 38,405 ) ( 38,405 )
Other comprehensive income 8,151 8,151 8,151
Other ( 178 ) ( 4 ) ( 182 ) 371 189
Balance at March 31, 2021 134,838 $ 135 $ 514,336 $ 625,381 $ 6,124 $ 1,145,976 $ 204,641 $ 1,350,617
Net income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation 164,894 164,894 164,894
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — 13,241 13,241
Dividends declared for common stockholders ($ 0.125 per share)
( 16,876 ) ( 16,876 ) ( 16,876 )
Issuance of restricted stock 211 0 0 — —
Forfeitures of unvested restricted stock ( 2 ) 0 0 — —
Vesting of restricted stock 6,564 6,564 6,564
Repurchase of common shares ( 42 ) 0 ( 707 ) ( 903 ) ( 1,610 ) ( 1,610 )
Issuance of non-controlling interests ( 1,051 ) ( 1,051 ) 6,739 5,688
Distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests ( 2,970 ) ( 2,970 ) ( 9,324 ) ( 12,294 )
Redemption value adjustment on non-controlling interests ( 59,370 ) ( 59,370 ) ( 59,370 )
Other comprehensive loss ( 1,397 ) ( 1,397 ) ( 1,397 )
Other 65 65 370 435
Balance at June 30, 2021 135,005 $ 135 $ 516,172 $ 713,191 $ 4,727 $ 1,234,225 $ 215,667 $ 1,449,892
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
Select Medical Holdings Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
Operating activities
Net income $ 333,422 $ 122,188
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Distributions from unconsolidated subsidiaries 19,384 11,140
Depreciation and amortization 100,574 102,120
Provision for expected credit losses 212 111
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries ( 21,728 ) ( 11,564 )
Loss (gain) on sale or disposal of assets 494 ( 1,476 )
Stock compensation expense 13,808 17,769
Amortization of debt discount, premium and issuance costs 1,095 1,123
Deferred income taxes ( 8,323 ) ( 1,965 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business combinations:
Accounts receivable ( 31,751 ) ( 32,431 )
Other current assets ( 12,856 ) ( 2,128 )
Other assets ( 11,984 ) 1,275
Accounts payable 18,881 4,879
Accrued expenses 71,034 20,488
Government advances ( 73,703 ) ( 77,319 )
Unearned government assistance ( 78,509 ) 493
Income taxes 42,976 23,315
Net cash provided by operating activities 363,026 178,018
Investing activities
Business combinations, net of cash acquired ( 10,081 ) ( 19,241 )
Purchases of property and equipment ( 76,442 ) ( 93,177 )
Investment in businesses ( 11,185 ) ( 6,990 )
Proceeds from sale of assets 9,463 5,314
Net cash used in investing activities ( 88,245 ) ( 114,094 )
Financing activities
Borrowings on revolving facilities — 565,000
Payments on revolving facilities — ( 375,000 )
Borrowings of other debt 8,915 17,494
Principal payments on other debt ( 15,314 ) ( 16,874 )
Dividends paid to common stockholders ( 16,876 ) ( 32,799 )
Repurchase of common stock ( 1,610 ) ( 178,623 )
Decrease in overdrafts — ( 11,055 )
Proceeds from issuance of non-controlling interests 5,688 6,955
Distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests ( 29,152 ) ( 18,663 )
Net cash used in financing activities ( 48,349 ) ( 43,565 )
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 226,432 20,359
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 577,061 74,310
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 803,493 $ 94,669
Supplemental Information
Cash paid for interest $ 66,955 $ 74,217
Cash paid for taxes 76,094 16,423

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
8
SELECT MEDICAL HOLDINGS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Select Medical Holdings Corporation (“Holdings”) include the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiary, Select Medical Corporation (“Select”). Holdings conducts substantially all of its business through Select and its subsidiaries. Holdings, Select, and Select’s subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company.” The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of June 30, 2022, and for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim reporting and the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Accordingly, certain information and disclosures required by GAAP, which are normally included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations, although the Company believes the disclosure is adequate to make the information presented not misleading. In the opinion of management, such information contains all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flow for such periods. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2021, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022.
2. Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
3. Credit Risk Concentrations
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash balances and accounts receivable. The Company’s excess cash is held with large financial institutions. The Company grants unsecured credit to its patients, most of whom reside in the service area of the Company’s facilities and are insured under third-party payor agreements.
Because of the diversity in the Company’s non-governmental third-party payor base, as well as their geographic dispersion, accounts receivable due from the Medicare program represent the Company’s only significant concentration of credit risk. Approximately 15 % and 17 % of the Company’s accounts receivable is due from Medicare at December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2022, respectively.










9
4. Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests
The ownership interests held by outside parties in subsidiaries, which include limited liability companies and limited partnerships, controlled by the Company are classified as non-controlling interests. Some of the Company’s non-controlling ownership interests consist of outside parties that have certain redemption rights that, if exercised, require the Company to purchase the parties’ ownership interests. These interests are classified and reported as redeemable non-controlling interests and have been adjusted to their approximate redemption values, after the attribution of net income or loss.
The changes in redeemable non-controlling interests are as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
(in thousands)
Balance as of January 1 $ 398,171 $ 39,033
Net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests 9,626 1,918
Distributions to and purchases of redeemable non-controlling interests ( 614 ) ( 1,198 )
Redemption value adjustment on redeemable non-controlling interests 38,405 1,381
Other 343 536
Balance as of March 31 $ 445,931 $ 41,670
Net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests 18,073 1,900
Distributions to and purchases of redeemable non-controlling interests ( 1,987 ) ( 1,553 )
Redemption value adjustment on redeemable non-controlling interests 59,370 ( 355 )
Other 165 535
Balance as of June 30 $ 521,552 $ 42,197
5. Variable Interest Entities
Certain states prohibit the “corporate practice of medicine,” which restricts the Company from owning medical practices which directly employ physicians and from exercising control over medical decisions by physicians. In these states, the Company enters into long-term management agreements with medical practices that are owned by licensed physicians, which, in turn, employ or contract with physicians who provide professional medical services. The management agreements provide for the Company to direct the transfer of ownership of the medical practices to new licensed physicians at any time. Based on the provisions of the management agreements, the medical practices are variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary.
As of December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2022, the total assets of the Company’s variable interest entities were $ 225.1 million and $ 256.9 million, respectively, and are principally comprised of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2022, the total liabilities of the Company’s variable interest entities were $ 74.8 million and $ 85.2 million, respectively, and are principally comprised of accounts payable and accrued expenses. These variable interest entities have obligations payable for services received under their management agreements with the Company of $ 150.3 million and $ 172.7 million as of December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2022, respectively. These intercompany balances are eliminated in consolidation.










10
6. Leases
The Company has operating and finance leases for its facilities. The Company leases its corporate office space from related parties.
The Company’s total lease cost is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total
(in thousands)
Operating lease cost
$ 70,739 $ 1,798 $ 72,537 $ 73,969 $ 1,809 $ 75,778
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets
105 — 105 377 — 377
Interest on lease liabilities
254 — 254 336 — 336
Short-term lease cost — — — 15 — 15
Variable lease cost 13,086 141 13,227 14,407 141 14,548
Sublease income ( 2,229 ) — ( 2,229 ) ( 1,940 ) — ( 1,940 )
Total lease cost $ 81,955 $ 1,939 $ 83,894 $ 87,164 $ 1,950 $ 89,114
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total
(in thousands)
Operating lease cost
$ 140,853 $ 3,597 $ 144,450 $ 147,931 $ 3,618 $ 151,549
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets
140 — 140 724 — 724
Interest on lease liabilities
505 — 505 676 — 676
Short-term lease cost — — — 50 — 50
Variable lease cost 26,095 144 26,239 28,062 180 28,242
Sublease income ( 4,463 ) — ( 4,463 ) ( 3,906 ) — ( 3,906 )
Total lease cost $ 163,130 $ 3,741 $ 166,871 $ 173,537 $ 3,798 $ 177,335
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
(in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$ 145,652 $ 155,160
Operating cash flows for finance leases
505 676
Financing cash flows for finance leases
145 475
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases $ 138,606 $ 185,739
Finance leases 138 312












11
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:

December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total
(in thousands)
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 1,052,603 $ 26,151 $ 1,078,754 $ 1,113,431 $ 23,247 $ 1,136,678
Current operating lease liabilities $ 222,865 $ 6,469 $ 229,334 $ 228,920 $ 4,997 $ 233,917
Non-current operating lease liabilities 894,104 22,436 916,540 953,918 20,739 974,657
Total operating lease liabilities $ 1,116,969 $ 28,905 $ 1,145,874 $ 1,182,838 $ 25,736 $ 1,208,574

December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total Unrelated Parties Related Parties Total
(in thousands)
Finance Leases
Property and equipment, net $ 8,505 $ — $ 8,505 $ 8,125 $ — $ 8,125
Current portion of long-term debt and notes payable $ 1,404 $ — $ 1,404 $ 1,544 $ — $ 1,544
Long-term debt, net of current portion 16,679 — 16,679 16,142 — 16,142
Total finance lease liabilities $ 18,083 $ — $ 18,083 $ 17,686 $ — $ 17,686
The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates are as follows:
December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years):
Operating leases
7.8 7.7
Finance leases
24.7 24.6
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases
5.6 % 5.6 %
Finance leases
7.4 % 7.4 %
As of June 30, 2022, maturities of lease liabilities are approximately as follows:
Operating Leases Finance Leases
(in thousands)
2022 (remainder of year) $ 151,002 $ 1,360
2023 274,735 2,747
2024 235,883 2,384
2025 192,554 2,101
2026 161,205 2,126
Thereafter 558,633 28,181
Total undiscounted cash flows 1,574,012 38,899
Less: Imputed interest 365,438 21,213
Total discounted lease liabilities $ 1,208,574 $ 17,686





12
7. Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The following table shows changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by reporting unit for the six months ended June 30, 2022:
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Total
(in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 1,131,440 $ 442,155 $ 654,125 $ 1,221,192 $ 3,448,912
Acquisition of businesses 6,505 — 3,618 3,927 14,050
Measurement period adjustment 13,251 — — — 13,251
Balance as of June 30, 2022 $ 1,151,196 $ 442,155 $ 657,743 $ 1,225,119 $ 3,476,213
Identifiable Intangible Assets
The following table provides the gross carrying amounts, accumulated amortization, and net carrying amounts for the Company’s identifiable intangible assets:
December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
Gross
Carrying
Amount 		Accumulated
Amortization 		Net
Carrying
Amount 		Gross
Carrying
Amount 		Accumulated
Amortization 		Net
Carrying
Amount
(in thousands)
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trademarks $ 166,698 $ — $ 166,698 $ 166,698 $ — $ 166,698
Certificates of need 21,478 — 21,478 22,966 — 22,966
Accreditations 1,874 — 1,874 1,874 — 1,874
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Trademarks 5,000 ( 5,000 ) — 5,000 ( 5,000 ) —
Customer relationships 304,289 ( 141,111 ) 163,178 309,109 ( 155,537 ) 153,572
Non-compete agreements 36,746 ( 15,095 ) 21,651 38,004 ( 16,892 ) 21,112
Total identifiable intangible assets $ 536,085 $ ( 161,206 ) $ 374,879 $ 543,651 $ ( 177,429 ) $ 366,222
The Company’s accreditations and trademarks have renewal terms, and the costs to renew these intangible assets are expensed as incurred. At June 30, 2022, the accreditations and trademarks have a weighted average time until next renewal of 1.5 years and 7.2 years, respectively.
The Company’s finite-lived intangible assets amortize over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense was $ 7.3 million and $ 7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense was $ 14.4 million and $ 15.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2022, respectively.
8. Long-Term Debt and Notes Payable
As of June 30, 2022, the Company’s long-term debt and notes payable were as follows:
Principal
Outstanding 		Unamortized Premium (Discount) Unamortized
Issuance Costs 		Carrying Value Fair Value
(in thousands)
6.250 % senior notes
$ 1,225,000 $ 24,613 $ ( 12,463 ) $ 1,237,150 $ 1,142,313
Credit facilities:
Revolving facility 350,000 — — 350,000 348,688
Term loan 2,103,437 ( 5,390 ) ( 5,875 ) 2,092,172 2,008,782
Other debt, including finance leases 88,595 — ( 174 ) 88,421 88,421
Total debt $ 3,767,032 $ 19,223 $ ( 18,512 ) $ 3,767,743 $ 3,588,204

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Principal maturities of the Company’s long-term debt and notes payable were approximately as follows:
2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Thereafter Total
(in thousands)
6.250 % senior notes
$ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,225,000 $ — $ 1,225,000
Credit facilities:
Revolving facility — — 350,000 — — — 350,000
Term loan — 4,757 11,150 2,087,530 — — 2,103,437
Other debt, including finance leases 14,264 33,399 26,164 1,920 1,286 11,562 88,595
Total debt $ 14,264 $ 38,156 $ 387,314 $ 2,089,450 $ 1,226,286 $ 11,562 $ 3,767,032
As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s long-term debt and notes payable were as follows:
Principal
Outstanding 		Unamortized Premium (Discount) Unamortized
Issuance Costs 		Carrying Value Fair Value
(in thousands)
6.250 % senior notes
$ 1,225,000 $ 27,635 $ ( 13,951 ) $ 1,238,684 $ 1,297,104
Credit facilities:
Revolving facility 160,000 — — 160,000 159,400
Term loan 2,103,437 ( 6,386 ) ( 6,961 ) 2,090,090 2,087,661
Other debt, including finance leases 85,398 — ( 215 ) 85,183 85,183
Total debt $ 3,573,835 $ 21,249 $ ( 21,127 ) $ 3,573,957 $ 3,629,348
9. Interest Rate Cap
The Company is subject to market risk exposure arising from changes in interest rates on its term loan, which bears interest at a rate that is indexed to one-month LIBOR. The Company’s objective in using an interest rate derivative is to mitigate its exposure to increases in interest rates. The interest rate cap limits the Company’s exposure to increases in the one-month LIBOR rate to 1.0 % on $ 2.0 billion of principal outstanding under the term loan, as the interest rate cap provides for payments from the counterparty when interest rates rise above 1.0 %. The interest rate cap has a $ 2.0 billion notional amount and became effective March 31, 2021, for the monthly periods from and including April 30, 2021, through September 30, 2024. The Company will pay a monthly premium for the interest rate cap over the term of the agreement. The annual premium is equal to 0.0916 % of the notional amount, or approximately $ 1.8 million.
The interest rate cap has been designated as a cash flow hedge and is highly effective at offsetting the changes in cash outflows when one-month LIBOR exceeds 1.0 %. Changes in the fair value of the interest rate cap, net of tax, are recognized in other comprehensive income and are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income and into interest expense when the hedged interest obligations affect earnings.
The following table outlines the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, during the periods presented:
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
(in thousands)
Balance as of January 1 $ ( 2,027 ) $ 12,282
Gain on interest rate cap cash flow hedge
8,151 39,814
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
— 39
Balance as of March 31 $ 6,124 $ 52,135
Gain (loss) on interest rate cap cash flow hedge
( 1,403 ) 11,833
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
6 ( 6 )
Balance as of June 30 $ 4,727 $ 63,962
The Company expects that approximately $ 40.3 million of estimated pre-tax gains will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into interest expense within the next twelve months.
Refer to Note 10 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments for information on the fair value of the Company’s interest rate cap contract and its balance sheet classification.
14
10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Financial instruments which are measured at fair value, or for which a fair value is disclosed, are classified in the fair value hierarchy, as outlined below, on the basis of the observability of the inputs used in the fair value measurement:
• Level 1 – inputs are based upon quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
• Level 2 – inputs are based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data.
• Level 3 – inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the instrument.
The Company’s interest rate cap contract is recorded at its fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis. The fair value of the interest rate cap contract is based upon a model-derived valuation using observable market inputs, such as interest rates and interest rate volatility, and the strike price.
Financial Instrument Balance Sheet Classification Level December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
Asset: (in thousands)
Interest rate cap contract, current portion Other current assets Level 2 $ — $ 39,488
Interest rate cap contract, non-current portion Other assets Level 2 18,055 47,918
Liability:
Interest rate cap contract, current portion Accrued other Level 2 $ 330 $ —
The Company does not measure its indebtedness at fair value in its condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the credit facilities is based on quoted market prices for this debt in the syndicated loan market. The fair value of the senior notes is based on quoted market prices. The carrying value of the Company’s other debt, as disclosed in Note 8 – Long-Term Debt and Notes Payable, approximates fair value.
December 31, 2021 June 30, 2022
Financial Instrument Level Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value
(in thousands)
6.250 % senior notes
Level 2 $ 1,238,684 $ 1,297,104 $ 1,237,150 $ 1,142,313
Credit facilities:
Revolving facility Level 2 160,000 159,400 350,000 348,688
Term loan Level 2 2,090,090 2,087,661 2,092,172 2,008,782
The Company’s other financial instruments, which primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturities of these instruments.
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11. Segment Information
The Company’s reportable segments consist of the critical illness recovery hospital segment, rehabilitation hospital segment, outpatient rehabilitation segment, and Concentra segment. Other activities include the Company’s corporate shared services, certain investments, and employee leasing services with non-consolidating subsidiaries.
The Company evaluates the performance of its segments based on Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain (loss) on early retirement of debt, stock compensation expense, gain (loss) on sale of businesses, and equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated subsidiaries. The Company has provided additional information regarding its reportable segments, such as total assets, which contributes to the understanding of the Company and provides useful information to the users of the consolidated financial statements.
The following tables summarize selected financial data for the Company’s reportable segments.
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Revenue:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 544,059 $ 545,908 $ 1,138,931 $ 1,147,663
Rehabilitation hospital 212,666 228,887 420,470 449,521
Outpatient rehabilitation 280,409 287,258 532,370 559,198
Concentra 456,372 441,357 879,212 864,780
Other 70,514 81,331 139,500 163,126
Total Company $ 1,564,020 $ 1,584,741 $ 3,110,483 $ 3,184,288
Adjusted EBITDA:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 72,904 $ 20,019 $ 186,176 $ 55,986
Rehabilitation hospital 50,768 49,845 101,302 92,224
Outpatient rehabilitation 45,633 33,601 71,962 60,197
Concentra (1)
137,060 92,607 219,075 182,076
Other (2)
35,656 ( 15,078 ) 21,847 ( 45,642 )
Total Company $ 342,021 $ 180,994 $ 600,362 $ 344,841
Total assets:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 2,187,181 $ 2,387,516 $ 2,187,181 $ 2,387,516
Rehabilitation hospital 1,186,886 1,194,739 1,186,886 1,194,739
Outpatient rehabilitation 1,333,661 1,360,600 1,333,661 1,360,600
Concentra 2,518,369 2,301,296 2,518,369 2,301,296
Other 730,282 307,507 730,282 307,507
Total Company $ 7,956,379 $ 7,551,658 $ 7,956,379 $ 7,551,658
Purchases of property and equipment:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 16,499 $ 19,528 $ 30,884 $ 39,097
Rehabilitation hospital 3,257 4,821 3,922 11,095
Outpatient rehabilitation 7,448 9,314 14,783 18,728
Concentra 7,591 8,716 20,271 18,956
Other 1,928 3,953 6,582 5,301
Total Company $ 36,723 $ 46,332 $ 76,442 $ 93,177
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)     For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, Adjusted EBITDA included other operating income of $ 32.3 million related to the recognition of payments received under the Provider Relief Fund for health care related expenses and loss of revenue attributable to the coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”).
(2)    For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, Adjusted EBITDA included other operating income of $ 15.1 million. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, Adjusted EBITDA included other operating income of $ 65.8 million and $ 81.9 million, respectively. The other operating income is related to the recognition of payments received under the Provider Relief Fund for health care related expenses and loss of revenue attributable to COVID-19.



16
A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to income before income taxes is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 72,904 $ 50,768 $ 45,633 $ 137,060 $ 35,656
Depreciation and amortization ( 12,936 ) ( 6,939 ) ( 7,345 ) ( 21,230 ) ( 2,504 )
Stock compensation expense — — — ( 535 ) ( 6,564 )
Income from operations $ 59,968 $ 43,829 $ 38,288 $ 115,295 $ 26,588 $ 283,968
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 11,809
Interest expense ( 33,888 )
Income before income taxes $ 261,889
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 20,019 $ 49,845 $ 33,601 $ 92,607 $ ( 15,078 )
Depreciation and amortization ( 14,603 ) ( 7,175 ) ( 8,130 ) ( 18,730 ) ( 2,443 )
Stock compensation expense — — — ( 536 ) ( 8,410 )
Income (loss) from operations $ 5,416 $ 42,670 $ 25,471 $ 73,341 $ ( 25,931 ) $ 120,967
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 6,167
Interest expense ( 41,052 )
Income before income taxes $ 86,082
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 186,176 $ 101,302 $ 71,962 $ 219,075 $ 21,847
Depreciation and amortization ( 25,986 ) ( 13,999 ) ( 14,536 ) ( 41,128 ) ( 4,925 )
Stock compensation expense — — — ( 1,071 ) ( 12,737 )
Income from operations $ 160,190 $ 87,303 $ 57,426 $ 176,876 $ 4,185 $ 485,980
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 21,728
Interest income 4,749
Interest expense ( 68,290 )
Income before income taxes $ 444,167
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA $ 55,986 $ 92,224 $ 60,197 $ 182,076 $ ( 45,642 )
Depreciation and amortization ( 29,221 ) ( 13,977 ) ( 16,159 ) ( 37,542 ) ( 5,221 )
Stock compensation expense — — — ( 1,071 ) ( 16,698 )
Income (loss) from operations $ 26,765 $ 78,247 $ 44,038 $ 143,463 $ ( 67,561 ) $ 224,952
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 11,564
Interest expense ( 76,566 )
Income before income taxes $ 159,950


17
12. Revenue from Contracts with Customers
The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2022:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Patient service revenue:
Medicare $ 201,198 $ 103,865 $ 45,291 $ 295 $ — $ 350,649
Non-Medicare 340,929 98,443 217,893 454,125 — 1,111,390
Total patient services revenues 542,127 202,308 263,184 454,420 — 1,462,039
Other revenue 1,932 10,358 17,225 1,952 70,514 101,981
Total revenue $ 544,059 $ 212,666 $ 280,409 $ 456,372 $ 70,514 $ 1,564,020
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Patient service revenue:
Medicare $ 213,680 $ 105,030 $ 44,433 $ 195 $ — $ 363,338
Non-Medicare 329,118 113,001 224,957 439,779 — 1,106,855
Total patient services revenues 542,798 218,031 269,390 439,974 — 1,470,193
Other revenue 3,110 10,856 17,868 1,383 81,331 114,548
Total revenue $ 545,908 $ 228,887 $ 287,258 $ 441,357 $ 81,331 $ 1,584,741

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Patient service revenue:
Medicare $ 433,338 $ 206,240 $ 81,582 $ 525 $ — $ 721,685
Non-Medicare 702,081 193,785 418,712 874,779 — 2,189,357
Total patient services revenues 1,135,419 400,025 500,294 875,304 — 2,911,042
Other revenue 3,512 20,445 32,076 3,908 139,500 199,441
Total revenue $ 1,138,931 $ 420,470 $ 532,370 $ 879,212 $ 139,500 $ 3,110,483
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Patient service revenue:
Medicare $ 432,667 $ 208,051 $ 86,337 $ 372 $ — $ 727,427
Non-Medicare 710,104 220,143 439,070 861,825 — 2,231,142
Total patient services revenues 1,142,771 428,194 525,407 862,197 — 2,958,569
Other revenue 4,892 21,327 33,791 2,583 163,126 225,719
Total revenue $ 1,147,663 $ 449,521 $ 559,198 $ 864,780 $ 163,126 $ 3,184,288
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13. Earnings per Share
The Company’s capital structure includes common stock and unvested restricted stock awards. To compute earnings per share (“EPS”), the Company applies the two-class method because the Company’s unvested restricted stock awards are participating securities which are entitled to participate equally with the Company’s common stock in undistributed earnings. Application of the Company’s two-class method is as follows:
(i) Net income attributable to the Company is reduced by the amount of dividends declared and by the contractual amount of dividends that must be paid for the current period for each class of stock. There were no contractual dividends paid for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2022.
(ii) The remaining undistributed net income of the Company is then equally allocated to its common stock and unvested restricted stock awards, as if all of the earnings for the period had been distributed. The total net income allocated to each security is determined by adding both distributed and undistributed net income for the period.
(iii) The net income allocated to each security is then divided by the weighted average number of outstanding shares for the period to determine the EPS for each security considered in the two-class method.
The following table sets forth the net income attributable to the Company, its common shares outstanding, and its participating securities outstanding.
Basic and Diluted EPS Basic and Diluted EPS
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Net income $ 196,208 $ 66,262 $ 333,422 $ 122,188
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests 31,314 11,055 57,982 17,864
Net income attributable to the Company 164,894 55,207 275,440 104,324
Less: Distributed and undistributed income attributable to participating securities 5,560 1,920 9,250 3,558
Distributed and undistributed income attributable to common shares $ 159,334 $ 53,287 $ 266,190 $ 100,766
The following tables set forth the computation of EPS under the two-class method:
Three Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
Net Income Allocation
Shares (1)
Basic and Diluted EPS Net Income Allocation
Shares (1)
Basic and Diluted EPS
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Common shares $ 159,334 130,396 $ 1.22 $ 53,287 124,897 $ 0.43
Participating securities 5,560 4,550 $ 1.22 1,920 4,500 $ 0.43
Total Company $ 164,894 $ 55,207

Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
Net Income Allocation
Shares (1)
Basic and Diluted EPS Net Income Allocation
Shares (1)
Basic and Diluted EPS
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)
Common shares $ 266,190 130,362 $ 2.04 $ 100,766 126,942 $ 0.79
Participating securities 9,250 4,530 $ 2.04 3,558 4,482 $ 0.79
Total Company $ 275,440 $ 104,324
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)    Represents the weighted average share count outstanding during the period.

19
14. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
The Company is a party to various legal actions, proceedings, and claims (some of which are not insured), and regulatory and other governmental audits and investigations in the ordinary course of its business. The Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of pending litigation, proceedings, and regulatory and other governmental audits and investigations. These matters could potentially subject the Company to sanctions, damages, recoupments, fines, and other penalties. The Department of Justice, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”), or other federal and state enforcement and regulatory agencies may conduct additional investigations related to the Company’s businesses in the future that may, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.
To address claims arising out of the Company’s operations, the Company maintains professional malpractice liability insurance and general liability insurance coverages through a number of different programs that are dependent upon such factors as the state where the Company is operating and whether the operations are wholly owned or are operated through a joint venture. For the Company’s wholly owned operations, the Company currently maintains insurance coverages under a combination of policies with a total annual aggregate limit of up to $ 37.0 million for professional malpractice liability insurance and $ 40.0 million for general liability insurance. The Company’s insurance for the professional liability coverage is written on a “claims-made” basis, and its commercial general liability coverage is maintained on an “occurrence” basis. These coverages apply after a self-insured retention limit is exceeded. For the Company’s joint venture operations, the Company has designed a separate insurance program that responds to the risks of specific joint ventures. Most of the Company’s joint ventures are insured under a master program with an annual aggregate limit of up to $ 80.0 million, subject to a sublimit aggregate ranging from $ 23.0 million to $ 33.0 million for most joint ventures. The policies are generally written on a “claims-made” basis. Each of these programs has either a deductible or self-insured retention limit. The Company also maintains additional types of liability insurance covering claims which, due to their nature or amount, are not covered by or not fully covered by the Company’s professional and general liability insurance policies. These insurance policies also do not generally cover punitive damages and are subject to various deductibles and policy limits. The Company reviews its insurance program annually and may make adjustments to the amount of insurance coverage and self-insured retentions in future years. Significant legal actions, as well as the cost and possible lack of available insurance, could subject the Company to substantial uninsured liabilities. In the Company’s opinion, the outcome of these actions, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Healthcare providers are subject to lawsuits under the qui tam provisions of the federal False Claims Act. Qui tam lawsuits typically remain under seal (hence, usually unknown to the defendant) for some time while the government decides whether or not to intervene on behalf of a private qui tam plaintiff (known as a relator) and take the lead in the litigation. These lawsuits can involve significant monetary damages and penalties and award bounties to private plaintiffs who successfully bring the suits. The Company is and has been a defendant in these cases in the past, and may be named as a defendant in similar cases from time to time in the future.
Oklahoma City Subpoena. On August 24, 2020, the Company and Select Specialty Hospital – Oklahoma City, Inc. (“SSH–Oklahoma City”) received Civil Investigative Demands from the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Western District of Oklahoma seeking responses to interrogatories and the production of various documents principally relating to the documentation, billing and reviews of medical services furnished to patients at SSH-Oklahoma City. The government’s investigation appears to be focused on respiratory therapy services and billings. The Company does not know whether the subpoena has been issued in connection with a qui tam lawsuit or in connection with possible civil, criminal or administrative proceedings by the government. The Company is producing documents in response to the subpoena and is fully cooperating with this investigation. At this time, the Company is unable to predict the timing and outcome of this matter.
Physical Therapy Billing . On October 7, 2021, the Company received a letter from a Trial Attorney at the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Division, Commercial Litigation Branch, Fraud Section (“DOJ”) stating that the DOJ, in conjunction with the U.S. Department of health and Human Services, is investigating the Company in connection with potential violations of the False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729, et seq . The letter specified that the investigation relates to the Company’s billing for physical therapy services, and indicated that the DOJ would be requesting certain records from the Company. In October and December 2021, the DOJ requested, and the Company furnished, records relating to six of the Company’s outpatient therapy clinics in Florida. In May and July 2022, the DOJ requested certain data relating to all of the Company’s outpatient therapy clinics nationwide, and sought information about the Company’s ability to produce additional data relating to the physical therapy services furnished by the Company and Concentra. The Company is fully cooperating with the DOJ on this investigation. At this time, the Company is unable to predict the timing and outcome of this matter.

20
15. Subsequent Event
On August 2, 2022, the Company’s board of directors declared a cash dividend of $ 0.125 per share. The dividend will be payable on or about September 2, 2022, to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 16, 2022.

21
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read this discussion together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “may,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “target,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” and similar expressions. These statements include, among others, statements regarding our expected business outlook, anticipated financial and operating results, including the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on those financial and operating results, our business strategy and means to implement our strategy, our objectives, the amount and timing of capital expenditures, the likelihood of our success in expanding our business, financing plans, budgets, working capital needs, and sources of liquidity.
Forward-looking statements are only predictions and are not guarantees of performance. These statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, which in turn are based on currently available information. Important assumptions relating to the forward-looking statements include, among others, assumptions regarding our services, the expansion of our services, competitive conditions, and general economic conditions. These assumptions could prove inaccurate. Forward-looking statements also involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
• developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic including, but not limited to, the duration and severity of the pandemic, additional measures taken by government authorities and the private sector to limit the spread of COVID-19, and further legislative and regulatory actions which impact healthcare providers, including actions that may impact the Medicare program;
• changes in government reimbursement for our services and/or new payment policies may result in a reduction in revenue, an increase in costs, and a reduction in profitability;
• the failure of our Medicare-certified long term care hospitals or inpatient rehabilitation facilities to maintain their Medicare certifications may cause our revenue and profitability to decline;
• the failure of our Medicare-certified long term care hospitals and inpatient rehabilitation facilities operated as “hospitals within hospitals” to qualify as hospitals separate from their host hospitals may cause our revenue and profitability to decline;
• a government investigation or assertion that we have violated applicable regulations may result in sanctions or reputational harm and increased costs;
• acquisitions or joint ventures may prove difficult or unsuccessful, use significant resources, or expose us to unforeseen liabilities;
• our plans and expectations related to our acquisitions and our ability to realize anticipated synergies;
• private third-party payors for our services may adopt payment policies that could limit our future revenue and profitability;
• the failure to maintain established relationships with the physicians in the areas we serve could reduce our revenue and profitability;
• shortages in qualified nurses, therapists, physicians, or other licensed providers, or the inability to attract or retain healthcare professionals due to the heightened risk of infection related to the COVID-19 pandemic, could increase our operating costs significantly or limit our ability to staff our facilities;
• competition may limit our ability to grow and result in a decrease in our revenue and profitability;
• the loss of key members of our management team could significantly disrupt our operations;
• the effect of claims asserted against us could subject us to substantial uninsured liabilities;
• a security breach of our or our third-party vendors’ information technology systems may subject us to potential legal and reputational harm and may result in a violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 or the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act; and
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• other factors discussed from time to time in our filings with the SEC, including factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as such risk factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the SEC.
Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we are under no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of any new information, future events, or otherwise. You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results or performance.
Investors should also be aware that while we do, from time to time, communicate with securities analysts, it is against our policy to disclose to securities analysts any material non-public information or other confidential commercial information. Accordingly, stockholders should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any securities analyst irrespective of the content of the statement or report. Thus, to the extent that reports issued by securities analysts contain any projections, forecasts or opinions, such reports are not the responsibility of the Company.
Overview
We began operations in 1997 and, based on number of facilities, are one of the largest operators of critical illness recovery hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, outpatient rehabilitation clinics, and occupational health centers in the United States. As of June 30, 2022, we had operations in 46 states and the District of Columbia. We operated 105 critical illness recovery hospitals in 28 states, 31 rehabilitation hospitals in 12 states, and 1,920 outpatient rehabilitation clinics in 38 states and the District of Columbia. Concentra operated 518 occupational health centers in 41 states as of June 30, 2022. Concentra also provides contract services at employer worksites.
Our reportable segments include the critical illness recovery hospital segment, the rehabilitation hospital segment, the outpatient rehabilitation segment, and the Concentra segment. We had revenue of $3,184.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022. Of this total, we earned approximately 36% of our revenue from our critical illness recovery hospital segment, approximately 14% from our rehabilitation hospital segment, approximately 18% from our outpatient rehabilitation segment, and approximately 27% from our Concentra segment. Our critical illness recovery hospital segment consists of hospitals designed to serve the needs of patients recovering from critical illnesses, often with complex medical needs, and our rehabilitation hospital segment consists of hospitals designed to serve patients that require intensive physical rehabilitation care. Patients are typically admitted to our critical illness recovery hospitals and rehabilitation hospitals from general acute care hospitals. Our outpatient rehabilitation segment consists of clinics that provide physical, occupational, and speech rehabilitation services. Our Concentra segment consists of occupational health centers that provide workers’ compensation injury care, physical therapy, and consumer health services as well as onsite clinics located at employer worksites that deliver occupational medicine services.
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Non-GAAP Measure
We believe that the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA, as defined below, is important to investors because Adjusted EBITDA is commonly used as an analytical indicator of performance by investors within the healthcare industry. Adjusted EBITDA is used by management to evaluate financial performance and determine resource allocation for each of our segments. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP. Items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing financial performance. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or substitute for, net income, income from operations, cash flows generated by operations, investing or financing activities, or other financial statement data presented in the consolidated financial statements as indicators of financial performance or liquidity. Because Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement determined in accordance with GAAP and is thus susceptible to varying definitions, Adjusted EBITDA as presented may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain (loss) on early retirement of debt, stock compensation expense, gain (loss) on sale of businesses, and equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated subsidiaries. We will refer to Adjusted EBITDA throughout the remainder of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following table reconciles net income and income from operations to Adjusted EBITDA and should be referenced when we discuss Adjusted EBITDA:
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Net income $ 196,208 $ 66,262 $ 333,422 $ 122,188
Income tax expense 65,681 19,820 110,745 37,762
Interest expense 33,888 41,052 68,290 76,566
Interest income — — (4,749) —
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (11,809) (6,167) (21,728) (11,564)
Income from operations 283,968 120,967 485,980 224,952
Stock compensation expense:
Included in general and administrative 5,620 7,046 11,080 13,995
Included in cost of services 1,479 1,900 2,728 3,774
Depreciation and amortization 50,954 51,081 100,574 102,120
Adjusted EBITDA $ 342,021 $ 180,994 $ 600,362 $ 344,841
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Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on our Results of Operations
We have provided revenue and certain operating statistics below for each of our segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, as well as the comparable pre-COVID-19 pandemic period in 2019. We believe this additional data provides insight into how each segment has performed in comparison to the year prior to the widespread emergence of COVID-19 in the United States. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the duration and extent of disruption on our operations, continues to create uncertainties about our future operating results and financial condition. Please refer to the risk factors in Item 1A and the section titled “ Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on our Results of Operations ” in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 for further discussion.
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital
Revenue Patient Days Occupancy Rate
Number of Hospitals (1)
2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31 $ 457,534 $ 594,872 $ 601,755 258,129 293,118 289,217 71 % 75 % 71 % 96 99 105
Three Months Ended June 30 $ 461,143 $ 544,059 $ 545,908 262,860 272,981 273,133 69 % 69 % 67 % 99 99 105
Six Months Ended June 30 $ 918,677 $ 1,138,931 $ 1,147,663 520,989 566,099 562,350 70 % 72 % 69 % 99 99 105
Rehabilitation Hospital
Revenue Patient Days Occupancy Rate
Number of Hospitals (1)
2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31 $ 154,558 $ 207,804 $ 220,634 82,816 102,439 103,802 76 % 84 % 84 % 18 20 20
Three Months Ended June 30 $ 160,374 $ 212,666 $ 228,887 86,525 104,948 108,812 75 % 85 % 86 % 19 20 20
Six Months Ended June 30 $ 314,932 $ 420,470 $ 449,521 169,341 207,387 212,614 76 % 84 % 85 % 19 20 20
Outpatient Rehabilitation
Revenue Visits
Working Days (2)
2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31 $ 246,905 $ 251,961 $ 271,940 2,054,483 2,100,154 2,310,086 63 63 64
Three Months Ended June 30 $ 261,891 $ 280,409 $ 287,258 2,203,505 2,404,861 2,450,912 64 64 64
Six Months Ended June 30 $ 508,796 $ 532,370 $ 559,198 4,257,988 4,505,015 4,760,998 127 127 128
Concentra
Revenue Visits
Working Days (2)
2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022 2019 2021 2022
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31 $ 396,321 $ 422,840 $ 423,423 2,911,607 2,795,574 3,116,898 63 63 64
Three Months Ended June 30 $ 413,451 $ 456,372 $ 441,357 3,103,089 3,030,078 3,214,512 64 64 64
Six Months Ended June 30 $ 809,772 $ 879,212 $ 864,780 6,014,696 5,825,652 6,331,410 127 127 128
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)    Represents the number of hospitals included in our consolidated financial results at the end of each period presented and does not include the managed hospitals in which we have a minority ownership interest.
(2)    Represents the number of days in which normal business operations were conducted during the periods presented.
Please refer to “ Summary Financial Results ” and “ Results of Operations ” for further discussion of our segment performance measures for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2022. Please refer to “ Operating Statistic s” for further discussion regarding the uses and calculations of the metrics provided above, as well as the operating statistics data for each segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2022.
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Other Significant Events
Dividend Payments
On February 17, 2022, and May 5, 2022, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.125 per share. On March 16, 2022, and June 1, 2022, cash dividends totaling $16.7 million and $16.1 million, respectively, were paid.
Summary Financial Results
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
The following tables reconcile our segment performance measures to our consolidated operating results:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Revenue $ 545,908 $ 228,887 $ 287,258 $ 441,357 $ 81,331 $ 1,584,741
Operating expenses (525,889) (179,042) (253,657) (349,267) (119,963) (1,427,818)
Depreciation and amortization (14,603) (7,175) (8,130) (18,730) (2,443) (51,081)
Other operating income (expense) — — — (19) 15,144 15,125
Income (loss) from operations $ 5,416 $ 42,670 $ 25,471 $ 73,341 $ (25,931) $ 120,967
Depreciation and amortization 14,603 7,175 8,130 18,730 2,443 51,081
Stock compensation expense — — — 536 8,410 8,946
Adjusted EBITDA $ 20,019 $ 49,845 $ 33,601 $ 92,607 $ (15,078) $ 180,994
Adjusted EBITDA margin 3.7 % 21.8 % 11.7 % 21.0 % N/M 11.4 %
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Revenue $ 544,059 $ 212,666 $ 280,409 $ 456,372 $ 70,514 $ 1,564,020
Operating expenses (471,155) (161,898) (234,776) (352,163) (107,193) (1,327,185)
Depreciation and amortization (12,936) (6,939) (7,345) (21,230) (2,504) (50,954)
Other operating income — — — 32,316 65,771 98,087
Income from operations $ 59,968 $ 43,829 $ 38,288 $ 115,295 $ 26,588 $ 283,968
Depreciation and amortization 12,936 6,939 7,345 21,230 2,504 50,954
Stock compensation expense — — — 535 6,564 7,099
Adjusted EBITDA $ 72,904 $ 50,768 $ 45,633 $ 137,060 $ 35,656 $ 342,021
Adjusted EBITDA margin 13.4 % 23.9 % 16.3 % 30.0 % N/M 21.9 %
Net income was $66.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $196.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.






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The following table summarizes changes in segment performance measures for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021:
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
Change in revenue 0.3 % 7.6 % 2.4 % (3.3) % 15.3 % 1.3 %
Change in income from operations (91.0) % (2.6) % (33.5) % (36.4) % N/M (57.4) %
Change in Adjusted EBITDA (72.5) % (1.8) % (26.4) % (32.4) % N/M (47.1) %
_______________________________________________________________________________
N/M —     Not meaningful.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
The following tables reconcile our segment performance measures to our consolidated operating results:
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Revenue $ 1,147,663 $ 449,521 $ 559,198 $ 864,780 $ 163,126 $ 3,184,288
Operating expenses (1,091,677) (357,297) (499,001) (683,756) (240,610) (2,872,341)
Depreciation and amortization (29,221) (13,977) (16,159) (37,542) (5,221) (102,120)
Other operating income (expense) — — — (19) 15,144 15,125
Income (loss) from operations $ 26,765 $ 78,247 $ 44,038 $ 143,463 $ (67,561) $ 224,952
Depreciation and amortization 29,221 13,977 16,159 37,542 5,221 102,120
Stock compensation expense — — — 1,071 16,698 17,769
Adjusted EBITDA $ 55,986 $ 92,224 $ 60,197 $ 182,076 $ (45,642) $ 344,841
Adjusted EBITDA margin 4.9 % 20.5 % 10.8 % 21.1 % N/M 10.8 %
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
(in thousands)
Revenue $ 1,138,931 $ 420,470 $ 532,370 $ 879,212 $ 139,500 $ 3,110,483
Operating expenses (970,642) (319,168) (460,408) (693,524) (212,295) (2,656,037)
Depreciation and amortization (25,986) (13,999) (14,536) (41,128) (4,925) (100,574)
Other operating income 17,887 — — 32,316 81,905 132,108
Income from operations $ 160,190 $ 87,303 $ 57,426 $ 176,876 $ 4,185 $ 485,980
Depreciation and amortization 25,986 13,999 14,536 41,128 4,925 100,574
Stock compensation expense — — — 1,071 12,737 13,808
Adjusted EBITDA $ 186,176 $ 101,302 $ 71,962 $ 219,075 $ 21,847 $ 600,362
Adjusted EBITDA margin 16.3 % 24.1 % 13.5 % 24.9 % N/M 19.3 %
Net income was $122.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $333.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.




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The following table summarizes the changes in our segment performance measures for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021:
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Rehabilitation Hospital Outpatient
Rehabilitation 		Concentra Other Total
Change in revenue 0.8 % 6.9 % 5.0 % (1.6) % 16.9 % 2.4 %
Change in income from operations (83.3) % (10.4) % (23.3) % (18.9) % N/M (53.7) %
Change in Adjusted EBITDA (69.9) % (9.0) % (16.3) % (16.9) % N/M (42.6) %
_______________________________________________________________________________
N/M —     Not meaningful.
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Regulatory Changes
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022, contains a detailed discussion of the regulations that affect our business in Part I — Business — Government Regulations. The following is a discussion of some of the more significant healthcare regulatory changes that have affected our financial performance in the periods covered by this report, or are likely to affect our financial performance and financial condition in the future. The information below should be read in conjunction with the more detailed discussion of regulations contained in our Form 10-K.
Medicare Reimbursement
The Medicare program reimburses healthcare providers for services furnished to Medicare beneficiaries, which are generally persons age 65 and older, those who are chronically disabled, and those suffering from end stage renal disease. The program is governed by the Social Security Act of 1965 and is administered primarily by the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) and CMS. Revenue generated directly from the Medicare program represented approximately 23% of our revenue for both the six months ended June 30, 2022, and for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Federal Health Care Program Changes in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
On January 31, 2020, HHS declared a public health emergency under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. § 247d, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States. The HHS Secretary renewed the public health emergency determination for 90-day periods effective on April 26, 2020, July 25, 2020, October 23, 2020, January 21, 2021, April 21, 2021, July 20, 2021, October 18, 2021, January 16, 2022, April 16, 2022, and July 15, 2022. On March 13, 2020, President Trump declared a national emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the HHS Secretary authorized the waiver or modification of certain requirements under Medicare, Medicaid, and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (“CHIP”) pursuant to section 1135 of the Social Security Act. Under this authority, CMS issued a number of blanket waivers that excuse health care providers or suppliers from specific program requirements. The following blanket waivers, while in effect, may impact our results of operations:
i. Inpatient rehabilitation facilities (“IRFs”), IRF units, and hospitals and units applying to be classified as IRFs, can exclude patients admitted solely to respond to the emergency from the calculation of the “60 percent rule” thresholds to receive payment as an IRF.
ii. Long-term care hospitals (“LTCHs”) are exempt from the greater-than-25-day average length of stay requirement for all cost reporting periods that include the COVID-19 public health emergency period. Hospitals seeking LTCH classification can exclude patient stays from the greater-than-25-day average length of stay requirement where the patient was admitted or discharged to meet the demands of the COVID-19 public health emergency.
iii. Medicare expanded the types of health care professionals who can furnish telehealth services to include all those who are eligible to bill Medicare for their professional services. This allows health care professionals who were previously ineligible to furnish and bill for Medicare telehealth services, including physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech language pathologists, and others, to receive payment for Medicare telehealth services.
iv. Medicare will not require out-of-state physician and non-physician practitioners to be licensed in the state where they are providing services when they are licensed in another state, subject to certain conditions and state or local licensure requirements.
v. Many requirements under the hospital conditions of participation (“CoPs”) are waived during the emergency period to give hospitals more flexibility in treating COVID-19 patients.
vi. Hospitals can operate temporary expansion locations without meeting the provider-based entity requirements or certain requirements in the physical environment CoP for hospitals during the emergency. This waiver also allows hospitals to change the status of their current provider-based department locations to meet patient needs as part of the state or local pandemic plan.
vii. The HHS Secretary waived sanctions under the physician self-referral law ( i.e. , Stark law) for certain types of remuneration and referral arrangements that are related to a COVID-19 purpose. The Office of the Inspector General (“OIG”) will also exercise enforcement discretion to not impose administrative sanctions under the federal anti-kickback statute for many payments covered by the Stark law waivers.

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Pursuant to the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, Public Law 116-123, CMS has waived Medicare telehealth payment requirements during the emergency so that beneficiaries in all areas of the country (not just rural areas) can receive telehealth services, including in their homes, beginning on March 6, 2020. CMS issued additional waivers to permit more than 160 additional services to be furnished by telehealth, allow physicians to monitor patient services remotely, and fulfill face-to-face requirements in IRFs.
In addition to these agency actions, the CARES Act was enacted on March 27, 2020. It provides additional waivers, reimbursement, grants and other funds to assist health care providers during the COVID-19 public health emergency. Some of the CARES Act provisions that may impact our operations include:
i. $100 billion in appropriations for the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund to be used for preventing, preparing, and responding to COVID-19 and for reimbursing “eligible health care providers for health care related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to coronavirus.” The Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act, Public Law 116-139, added $75 billion to this fund. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, added another $3 billion to this fund. HHS began distributing these funds to providers in April 2020. HHS initially allocated funds for a general distribution to providers that received Medicare fee-for-service payments in 2019. Later general distributions required providers to submit an application to HHS. Other funding was allocated for targeted distributions for specific provider types. Recipients of payments must report data to HHS on the use of the funds via an online portal by specific deadlines established by HHS based on the date of the payment. Any funds that a provider does not apply towards expenses or lost revenue attributable to COVID-19 must be returned to HHS within 30 calendar days after the end of the applicable reporting period. All recipients of funds are subject to audit by HHS, the HHS OIG, or the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee. Audits may include examination of the accuracy of the data providers submitted to HHS in their applications for payments.
ii. Expansion of the Accelerated and Advance Payment Program to advance three months of payments to Medicare providers. CMS has the ability to recoup the advanced payments through future Medicare claims. Section 2501 of the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act, Public Law 116-159, modified the terms of repayment so that a provider can request no recoupment for one year after the advanced payment was issued, followed by a 25% offset the next 11 months, and a 50% offset the last 6 months. Any amounts that remain unpaid after 29 months will be subject to a 4% interest rate (instead of 10.25%). CMS began recouping advance payments on March 30, 2021, but the actual date for each provider is based on the first anniversary of when the provider received the first payment. CMS publishes repayment data every six months.
iii. Temporary suspension of the 2% cut to Medicare payments due to sequestration so that, for the period of May 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, the Medicare program would be exempt from any sequestration order. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, extended this temporary suspension of the 2% sequestration cut through March 31, 2021. The Medicare sequester relief bill, which became Public Law 117-7, extended the temporary suspension of the sequestration cut again, through December 31, 2021. To pay for the continued suspension of the sequestration cuts through December 31, 2021, Congress increased the sequestration cut that will apply in fiscal year 2030. The Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act, signed into law by President Biden on December 10, 2021, further extended the suspension of the sequestration cut through March 31, 2022, and reduces the sequestration cut to 1% from April 1, 2022, through June 30, 2022. The full 2% sequestration cut resumed on July 1, 2022. To pay for this relief, Congress increased the sequestration cut to Medicare payments to 2.25% for the first six months of fiscal year 2030 and to 3% for the final six months of fiscal year 2030. The same legislation defers an across-the-board 4% payment cut due to the American Rescue Plan from the FY 2022 Statutory Pay-As-You-Go (“PAYGO”) scorecard to the FY 2023 PAYGO scorecard.
iv. Two waivers of Medicare statutory requirements regarding site neutral payment to LTCHs. The first waives the LTCH discharge payment percentage requirement (i.e., 50% rule) for the cost reporting period(s) that include the emergency period. The second waives application of the site neutral payment rate so that all LTCH cases admitted during the emergency period will be paid the LTCH-PPS standard federal rate.
v. Waiver of the IRF 3-hour rule so that IRF services provided during the public health emergency period do not need to meet the coverage requirement that patients receive at least 3 hours of therapy a day or 15 hours of therapy per week.
vi. Broader waiver authority for HHS under section 1135 of the Social Security Act to issue additional telehealth waivers.


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Medicare Reimbursement of LTCH Services
The following is a summary of significant regulatory changes to the Medicare prospective payment system for our critical illness recovery hospitals, which are certified by Medicare as LTCHs, which have affected our results of operations, as well as the policies and payment rates that may affect our future results of operations. Medicare payments to our critical illness recovery hospitals are made in accordance with the long-term care hospital prospective payment system (“LTCH-PPS”).
Fiscal Year 2021. On September 18, 2020, CMS published the final rule updating policies and payment rates for the LTCH-PPS for fiscal year 2021 (affecting discharges and cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2020, through September 30, 2021). Certain errors in the final rule were corrected in a document published December 7, 2020. The standard federal rate was set at $43,755, an increase from the standard federal rate applicable during fiscal year 2020 of $42,678. The update to the standard federal rate for fiscal year 2021 included a market basket increase of 2.3% with no productivity adjustment. The standard federal rate also included an area wage budget neutrality factor of 1.0016837. The fixed-loss amount for high cost outlier cases paid under LTCH-PPS was set at $27,195, an increase from the fixed-loss amount in the 2020 fiscal year of $26,778. The fixed-loss amount for high cost outlier cases paid under the site-neutral payment rate was set at $29,064, an increase from the fixed-loss amount in the 2020 fiscal year of $26,552.
Fiscal Year 2022. On August 13, 2021, CMS published the final rule updating policies and payment rates for the LTCH-PPS for fiscal year 2022 (affecting discharges and cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2021, through September 30, 2022). The standard federal rate was set at $44,714, an increase from the standard federal rate applicable during fiscal year 2021 of $43,755. The update to the standard federal rate for fiscal year 2022 included a market basket increase of 2.6%, less a productivity adjustment of 0.7%. The standard federal rate also included an area wage budget neutrality factor of 1.002848. As a result of the CARES Act, all LTCH cases are paid at the standard federal rate during the public health emergency. If the public health emergency ends during fiscal year 2022, then CMS will return to using the site-neutral payment rate for reimbursement of cases that do not meet the LTCH patient criteria. The fixed-loss amount for high cost outlier cases paid under LTCH-PPS was set at $33,015, an increase from the fixed-loss amount in the 2021 fiscal year of $27,195. The fixed-loss amount for high cost outlier cases paid under the site-neutral payment rate was set at $30,988, an increase from the fixed-loss amount in the 2021 fiscal year of $29,064.
Fiscal Year 2023 . On August 1, 2022, CMS released a display copy of the final rule to update policies and payment rates for the LTCH-PPS for fiscal year 2023 (affecting discharges and cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2022, through September 30, 2023). The standard federal rate for fiscal year 2023 is $46,433, an increase from the standard federal rate applicable during fiscal year 2022 of $44,714. The update to the standard federal rate for fiscal year 2023 includes a market basket increase of 4.1%, less a productivity adjustment of 0.3%. The standard federal rate also includes an area wage budget neutrality factor of 1.0004304. As a result of the CARES Act, all LTCH cases are paid at the standard federal rate during the public health emergency. If the public health emergency ends before or during fiscal year 2023, then CMS will return to using the site-neutral payment rate for reimbursement of cases that do not meet the LTCH patient criteria. The fixed-loss amount for high cost outlier cases paid under LTCH-PPS is $38,518, an increase from the fixed-loss amount in the 2022 fiscal year of $33,015. The fixed-loss amount for high cost outlier cases paid under the site-neutral payment rate is $38,859, an increase from the fixed-loss amount in the 2022 fiscal year of $30,988.
Medicare Reimbursement of IRF Services
The following is a summary of significant regulatory changes to the Medicare prospective payment system for our rehabilitation hospitals, which are certified by Medicare as IRFs, which have affected our results of operations, as well as the policies and payment rates that may affect our future results of operations. Medicare payments to our rehabilitation hospitals are made in accordance with the inpatient rehabilitation facility prospective payment system (“IRF-PPS”).
Fiscal Year 2021. On August 10, 2020, CMS published the final rule updating policies and payment rates for the IRF-PPS for fiscal year 2021 (affecting discharges and cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2020, through September 30, 2021). The standard payment conversion factor for discharges for fiscal year 2021 was set at $16,856, an increase from the standard payment conversion factor applicable during fiscal year 2020 of $16,489. The update to the standard payment conversion factor for fiscal year 2021 included a market basket increase of 2.4% with no productivity adjustment. CMS decreased the outlier threshold amount for fiscal year 2021 to $7,906 from $9,300 established in the final rule for fiscal year 2020.


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Fiscal Year 2022. On August 4, 2021, CMS published the final rule updating policies and payment rates for the IRF-PPS for fiscal year 2022 (affecting discharges and cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2021, through September 30, 2022). The standard payment conversion factor for discharges for fiscal year 2022 was set at $17,240, an increase from the standard payment conversion factor applicable during fiscal year 2021 of $16,856. The update to the standard payment conversion factor for fiscal year 2022 included a market basket increase of 2.6%, less a productivity adjustment of 0.7%. CMS increased the outlier threshold amount for fiscal year 2022 to $9,491 from $7,906 established in the final rule for fiscal year 2021.
Fiscal Year 2023. On August 1, 2022, CMS published the final rule updating policies and payment rates for the IRF-PPS for fiscal year 2023 (affecting discharges and cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2022, through September 30, 2023). The standard payment conversion factor for discharges for fiscal year 2023 was set at $17,878, an increase from the standard payment conversion factor applicable during fiscal year 2022 of $17,240. The update to the standard payment conversion factor for fiscal year 2023 included a market basket increase of 4.2%, less a productivity adjustment of 0.3%. CMS increased the outlier threshold amount for fiscal year 2023 to $12,526 from $9,491 established in the final rule for fiscal year 2022.
Medicare Reimbursement of Outpatient Rehabilitation Clinic Services
Outpatient rehabilitation providers enroll in Medicare as a rehabilitation agency, a clinic, or a public health agency. The Medicare program reimburses outpatient rehabilitation providers based on the Medicare physician fee schedule. For services provided in 2017 through 2019, a 0.5% update was applied each year to the fee schedule payment rates, subject to an adjustment beginning in 2019 under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (“MIPS”). In 2019, CMS added physical and occupational therapists to the list of MIPS eligible clinicians. For these therapists in private practice, payments under the fee schedule are subject to adjustment in a later year based on their performance in MIPS according to established performance standards. Calendar year 2021 is the first year that payments were adjusted, based upon t he therapist’s performance under MIPS in 2019. Providers in facility-based outpatient therapy settings are excluded from MIPS eligibility and therefore not subject to this payment adjustment. For services provided in 2020 through 2025, a 0.0% percent update will be applied each year to the fee schedule payment rates, subject to adjustments under MIPS and the alternative payment models (“APMs”). In 2026 and subsequent years, eligible professionals participating in APMs who meet certain criteria would receive annual updates of 0.75%, while all other professionals would receive annual updates of 0.25%.
Each year from 2019 through 2024 eligible clinicians who receive a significant share of their revenues through an advanced APM (such as accountable care organizations or bundled payment arrangements) that involves risk of financial losses and a quality measurement component will receive a 5% bonus. The bonus payment for APM participation is intended to encourage participation and testing of new APMs and to promote the alignment of incentives across payors.
In the 2020 Medicare physician fee schedule final rule, CMS revised coding, documentation guidelines, and increased the valuation for evaluation and management (“E/M”) office visit codes, beginning in 2021. Because the Medicare physician fee schedule is budget-neutral, any revaluation of E/M services that will increase spending by more than $20 million requires a budget neutrality adjustment. To increase values for the E/M codes while maintaining budget neutrality under the fee schedule, CMS cut the values of other codes to make up the difference, beginning in 2021.
In the 2021 Medicare physician fee schedule final rule, CMS increased the values for the E/M office visit codes and cuts to other specialty codes to maintain budget neutrality. As a result, therapy services provided in our outpatient rehabilitation clinics received an estimated 3.6% decrease in payment from Medicare in calendar year 2021. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, provided relief in the form of a one-time 3.75% increase in payments in calendar year 2021 for therapy services and other services paid under the physician fee schedule.
In the calendar year 2022 physician fee schedule final rule, CMS announced that Medicare payments for the therapy specialty are expected to decrease 1% in 2022. After CMS issued the final rule, Congress passed the Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act, which provided in Section 3 a one-time 3% increase in payments in calendar year 2022 to offset most of the 3.75% cut to payments for therapy services and other services paid under the physician fee schedule. In the final rule, CMS also adopted its plan to transition the MIPS program to MIPS Value Pathways (“MVPs”). CMS will begin the transition to MVPs in 2023 with an initial set of MVPs in which reporting is voluntary. Beginning in 2026, multispecialty groups must form subgroups to report MVPs. CMS plans to develop more MVPs from 2024 to 2027 and is considering that MVP reporting would become mandatory in 2028. Each MVP would include population health claims-based measures and require clinicians to report on the Promoting Interoperability performance category measures. In addition, MVP participants would select certain quality measures and improvement activities and then report data for such measures and activities.
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In the display copy of the calendar year 2023 physician fee schedule proposed rule, CMS announced that it calculated the proposed payment rates for the physician fee schedule as if the 3% payment increase in calendar year 2022 from the Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act was never applied. The statute stated that the 3% payment increase for 2022 shall not be taken into account in determining the payment rates for subsequent years. As a result, physician fee schedule payments are expected to decrease in 2023, unless Congress provides additional funding for a payment increase as it has done the prior two years. CMS stated in the proposed rule that it expects that its proposed policies for 2023 would result in a 1% decrease in Medicare payments for the therapy specialty. The calendar year 2023 proposed rule also includes further development of MVPs. First, CMS proposed revisions to the first set of seven MVPs that it adopted in the calendar year 2022 final rule. CMS would remove certain improvement activities from these seven MVPs and add other quality measures that participants in these MVPs could choose to report data on. In addition, CMS proposed to add five new MVPs. If finalized, these new MVPs would be available for voluntary reporting for the calendar year 2023 performance period.
Modifiers to Identify Services of Physical Therapy Assistants or Occupational Therapy Assistants
In the Medicare physician fee schedule final rule for calendar year 2019, CMS established two new modifiers (CQ and CO) to identify services furnished in whole or in part by physical therapy assistants (“PTAs”) or occupational therapy assistants (“OTAs”). These modifiers were mandated by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, which requires that claims for outpatient therapy services furnished in whole or part by therapy assistants on or after January 1, 2020, include the appropriate modifier. In the final 2020 Medicare physician fee schedule rule, CMS clarified that when the physical therapist is involved for the entire duration of the service and the PTA provides skilled therapy alongside the physical therapist, the CQ modifier is not required. Also, when the same service (code) is furnished separately by the physical therapist and PTA, CMS will apply the de minimis standard to each 15-minute unit of codes, not on the total physical therapist and PTA time of the service, allowing the separate reporting, on two different claim lines, of the number of units to which the new modifiers apply and the number of units to which the modifiers do not apply. In the calendar year 2022 physician fee schedule final rule, CMS implemented the final part of the requirements in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 regarding PTA and OTA services. For dates of service on and after January 1, 2022, CMS pays for physical therapy and occupational therapy services provided by PTAs and OTAs at 85% of the otherwise applicable Part B payment amount. CMS modified the de minimis standard in the calendar year 2022 final rule to allow a timed service to be billed without the CQ or CO modifier when a PTA or OTA participates in providing care, but the physical therapist or occupational therapist meets the Medicare billing requirements without including the PTA’s or OTA’s minutes. This occurs when the physical therapist or occupational therapist provides more minutes than the 15-minute midpoint.

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Operating Statistics
The following table sets forth operating statistics for each of our reportable segments for the periods presented. The operating statistics reflect data for the period of time we managed these operations. Our operating statistics include metrics we believe provide relevant insight about the number of facilities we operate, volume of services we provide to our patients, and average payment rates for services we provide. These metrics are utilized by management to monitor trends and performance in our businesses and therefore may be important to investors because management may assess our performance based in part on such metrics. Other healthcare providers may present similar statistics, and these statistics are susceptible to varying definitions. Our statistics as presented may not be comparable to other similarly titled statistics of other companies.
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
Critical illness recovery hospital data:
Number of consolidated hospitals—start of period 99 105 99 104
Number of hospitals acquired — 2 — 2
Number of hospital start-ups — — — 1
Number of hospitals closed/sold — (2) — (2)
Number of consolidated hospitals—end of period (1)
99 105 99 105
Available licensed beds (3)
4,322 4,509 4,322 4,509
Admissions (3)(4)
9,026 8,806 18,885 18,263
Patient days (3)(5)
272,981 273,133 566,099 562,350
Average length of stay (days) (3)(6)
29 30 30 30
Revenue per patient day (3)(7)
$ 1,986 $ 1,987 $ 2,006 $ 2,032
Occupancy rate (3)(8)
69 % 67 % 72 % 69 %
Percent patient days—Medicare (3)(9)
38 % 41 % 39 % 39 %
Rehabilitation hospital data:
Number of consolidated hospitals—start of period 20 20 19 20
Number of hospitals acquired — — 1 —
Number of hospital start-ups — — — —
Number of hospitals closed/sold — — — —
Number of consolidated hospitals—end of period (1)
20 20 20 20
Number of unconsolidated hospitals managed—end of period (2)
10 11 10 11
Total number of hospitals (all)—end of period 30 31 30 31
Available licensed beds (3)
1,361 1,391 1,361 1,391
Admissions (3)(4)
7,360 7,450 14,491 14,632
Patient days (3)(5)
104,948 108,812 207,387 212,614
Average length of stay (days) (3)(6)
14 15 14 15
Revenue per patient day (3)(7)
$ 1,849 $ 1,928 $ 1,851 $ 1,935
Occupancy rate (3)(8)
85 % 86 % 84 % 85 %
Percent patient days—Medicare (3)(9)
49 % 47 % 49 % 47 %
Outpatient rehabilitation data:
Number of consolidated clinics—start of period 1,517 1,584 1,503 1,572
Number of clinics acquired 4 8 12 10
Number of clinic start-ups 12 13 22 25
Number of clinics closed/sold (5) (6) (9) (8)
Number of consolidated clinics—end of period 1,528 1,599 1,528 1,599
Number of unconsolidated clinics managed—end of period 305 321 305 321
Total number of clinics (all)—end of period 1,833 1,920 1,833 1,920
Number of visits (3)(10)
2,404,861 2,450,912 4,505,015 4,760,998
Revenue per visit (3)(11)
$ 102 $ 103 $ 103 $ 103
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Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
Concentra data:
Number of consolidated centers—start of period 519 518 517 518
Number of centers acquired — 2 3 3
Number of center start-ups — — — —
Number of centers closed/sold (1) (2) (2) (3)
Number of consolidated centers—end of period 518 518 518 518
Number of onsite clinics operated—end of period 131 148 131 148
Number of visits (3)(10)
3,030,078 3,214,512 5,825,652 6,331,410
Revenue per visit (3)(11)
$ 125 $ 127 $ 125 $ 126
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Represents the number of hospitals included in our consolidated financial results at the end of each period presented.
(2) Represents the number of hospitals which are managed by us at the end of each period presented. We have minority ownership interests in these businesses.
(3) Data excludes locations managed by the Company. For purposes of our Concentra segment, onsite clinics are excluded.
(4) Represents the number of patients admitted to our hospitals during the periods presented.
(5) Each patient day represents one patient occupying one bed for one day during the periods presented.
(6) Represents the average number of days in which patients were admitted to our hospitals. Average length of stay is calculated by dividing the number of patient days, as presented above, by the number of patients discharged from our hospitals during the periods presented.
(7) Represents the average amount of revenue recognized for each patient day. Revenue per patient day is calculated by dividing patient service revenues, excluding revenues from certain other ancillary and outpatient services provided at our hospitals, by the total number of patient days.
(8) Represents the portion of our hospitals being utilized for patient care during the periods presented. Occupancy rate is calculated using the number of patient days, as presented above, divided by the total number of bed days available during the period. Bed days available is derived by adding the daily number of available licensed beds for each of the periods presented.
(9) Represents the portion of our patient days which are paid by Medicare. The Medicare patient day percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of patient days which are paid by Medicare by the total number of patient days, as presented above.
(10) Represents the number of visits in which patients were treated at our outpatient rehabilitation clinics and Concentra centers during the periods presented.
(11) Represents the average amount of revenue recognized for each patient visit. Revenue per visit is calculated by dividing patient service revenue, excluding revenues from certain other ancillary services, by the total number of visits. For purposes of this computation for our Concentra segment, patient service revenue does not include onsite clinics.
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Results of Operations
The following table outlines selected operating data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 2021 2022
Revenue 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services, exclusive of depreciation and amortization (1)
82.6 87.7 83.1 87.9
General and administrative 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3
Depreciation and amortization 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2
Total costs and expenses 88.1 93.4 88.6 93.4
Other operating income 6.3 1.0 4.2 0.5
Income from operations 18.2 7.6 15.6 7.1
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.4
Interest income — — 0.2 —
Interest expense (2.3) (2.6) (2.2) (2.5)
Income before income taxes 16.7 5.4 14.3 5.0
Income tax expense 4.2 1.2 3.6 1.2
Net income 12.5 4.2 10.7 3.8
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 2.0 0.7 1.8 0.5
Net income attributable to Select Medical Holdings Corporation 10.5 % 3.5 % 8.9 % 3.3 %
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Cost of services includes salaries, wages and benefits, operating supplies, lease and rent expense, and other operating costs.

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The following table summarizes selected financial data by segment for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022 % Change 2021 2022 % Change
(in thousands, except percentages)
Revenue:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 544,059 $ 545,908 0.3 % $ 1,138,931 $ 1,147,663 0.8 %
Rehabilitation hospital 212,666 228,887 7.6 420,470 449,521 6.9
Outpatient rehabilitation 280,409 287,258 2.4 532,370 559,198 5.0
Concentra 456,372 441,357 (3.3) 879,212 864,780 (1.6)
Other (1)
70,514 81,331 15.3 139,500 163,126 16.9
Total Company $ 1,564,020 $ 1,584,741 1.3 % $ 3,110,483 $ 3,184,288 2.4 %
Income (loss) from operations:
Critical illness recovery hospital (2)
$ 59,968 $ 5,416 (91.0) % $ 160,190 $ 26,765 (83.3) %
Rehabilitation hospital 43,829 42,670 (2.6) 87,303 78,247 (10.4)
Outpatient rehabilitation 38,288 25,471 (33.5) 57,426 44,038 (23.3)
Concentra (2)
115,295 73,341 (36.4) 176,876 143,463 (18.9)
Other (1)(2)
26,588 (25,931) N/M 4,185 (67,561) N/M
Total Company $ 283,968 $ 120,967 (57.4) % $ 485,980 $ 224,952 (53.7) %
Adjusted EBITDA:
Critical illness recovery hospital (2)
$ 72,904 $ 20,019 (72.5) % $ 186,176 $ 55,986 (69.9) %
Rehabilitation hospital 50,768 49,845 (1.8) 101,302 92,224 (9.0)
Outpatient rehabilitation 45,633 33,601 (26.4) 71,962 60,197 (16.3)
Concentra (2)
137,060 92,607 (32.4) 219,075 182,076 (16.9)
Other (1)(2)
35,656 (15,078) N/M 21,847 (45,642) N/M
Total Company $ 342,021 $ 180,994 (47.1) % $ 600,362 $ 344,841 (42.6) %
Adjusted EBITDA margins:
Critical illness recovery hospital (2)
13.4 % 3.7 % 16.3 % 4.9 %
Rehabilitation hospital 23.9 21.8 24.1 20.5
Outpatient rehabilitation 16.3 11.7 13.5 10.8
Concentra (2)
30.0 21.0 24.9 21.1
Other (1)(2)
N/M N/M N/M N/M
Total Company 21.9 % 11.4 % 19.3 % 10.8 %
Total assets:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 2,187,181 $ 2,387,516 $ 2,187,181 $ 2,387,516
Rehabilitation hospital 1,186,886 1,194,739 1,186,886 1,194,739
Outpatient rehabilitation 1,333,661 1,360,600 1,333,661 1,360,600
Concentra 2,518,369 2,301,296 2,518,369 2,301,296
Other (1)
730,282 307,507 730,282 307,507
Total Company $ 7,956,379 $ 7,551,658 $ 7,956,379 $ 7,551,658
Purchases of property and equipment:
Critical illness recovery hospital $ 16,499 $ 19,528 $ 30,884 $ 39,097
Rehabilitation hospital 3,257 4,821 3,922 11,095
Outpatient rehabilitation 7,448 9,314 14,783 18,728
Concentra 7,591 8,716 20,271 18,956
Other (1)
1,928 3,953 6,582 5,301
Total Company $ 36,723 $ 46,332 $ 76,442 $ 93,177
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)    Other includes our corporate administration and shared services, as well as employee leasing services with our non-consolidating subsidiaries. Total assets include certain non-consolidating joint ventures and minority investments in other healthcare related businesses.
(2)    During the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized other operating income of $15.1 million and $98.1 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recognized other operating income of $15.1 million and $132.1 million, respectively. The impact of this income on the operating results of our critical illness recovery hospital segment, Concentra segment, and other activities is outlined within the tables presented under “ Summary Financial Results ” for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
N/M — Not meaningful.
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Three Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
In the following, we discuss our results of operations related to revenue, operating expenses, other operating income, Adjusted EBITDA, depreciation and amortization, income from operations, equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, interest, income taxes, and net income attributable to non-controlling interests.
Please refer to “ Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on our Results of Operation s” above for further discussion.
Revenue
Our revenue increased 1.3% to $1,584.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,564.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Segment. Revenue was $545.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $544.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Revenue per patient day was $1,987 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,986 for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our patient days were 273,133 days for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 272,981 days for the three months ended June 30, 2021, and 262,860 days for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Occupancy in our critical illness recovery hospitals was 67%, 69%, and 69% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, 2021, and 2019, respectively.
Rehabilitation Hospital Segment. Revenue increased 7.6% to $228.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $212.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in revenue was principally due to an increase in revenue per patient day. Revenue per patient day increased 4.3% to $1,928 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,849 for the three months ended June 30, 2021. We experienced increases in both our non-Medicare and Medicare revenue per patient day during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our patient days increased 3.7% to 108,812 days for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 104,948 days for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Occupancy in our rehabilitation hospitals was 86%, 85%, and 75% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, 2021, and 2019, respectively.
Outpatient Rehabilitation Segment. Revenue increased 2.4% to $287.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $280.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in revenue was attributable to patient visits, which increased 1.9% to 2,450,912 visits for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 2,404,861 visits for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Patient visits for the three months ended June 30, 2022, increased 11.2% compared to 2,203,505 visits for the three months ended June 30, 2019 ( the comparable pre-COVID-19 pandemic period) . The increase in visits was attributable to outpatient rehabilitation clinics we have acquired and developed since June 30, 2021. Our revenue per visit was $103 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $102 for the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Concentra Segment. Revenue was $441.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $456.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decline in revenue generated from COVID-19 screening and testing services. These services contributed $7.7 million of revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $55.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021. This was offset by an increase in our patient visits of 6.1% to 3,214,512 visits for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 3,030,078 visits for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Patient visits for the three months ended June 30, 2022, increased 3.6% compared to 3,103,089 visits for the three months ended June 30, 2019 ( the comparable pre-COVID-19 pandemic period). During the three months ended June 30, 2022, our revenue per visit increased to $127, compared to $125 for the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist principally of cost of services and general and administrative expenses. Our operating expenses were $1,427.8 million, or 90.1% of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,327.2 million, or 84.9% of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our cost of services, a major component of which is labor expense, was $1,390.6 million, or 87.7% of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,291.4 million, or 82.6% of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in our operating expenses relative to our revenue was principally attributable to the incurrence of additional operating expenses within our critical illness recovery hospital and rehabilitation hospital segments, as explained further within the “ Adjusted EBITDA ” discussion. General and administrative expenses were $37.3 million, or 2.4% of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $35.7 million, or 2.3% of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2021.


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Other Operating Income
For the three months ended June 30, 2022, we had other operating income of $15.1 million, compared to $98.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The other operating income is primarily related to the recognition of payments received under the Provider Relief Fund for health care related expenses and lost revenues attributable to COVID-19.
For the three months ended June 30, 2022, $15.1 million of other operating income is included within the operating results of our other activities. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, $65.8 million of other operating income is included within the operating results of our other activities and $32.3 million of other operating income is included within the operating results of our Concentra segment.
Adjusted EBITDA
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $20.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $72.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the critical illness recovery hospital segment was 3.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 13.4% for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were adversely affected by a shortage of healthcare workers, which has led to the incurrence of additional labor costs, comprised of contract labor, sign-on and retention bonuses, and orientation costs, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our increased contract labor costs are due to higher utilization and increased rates. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we have hired more full-time nursing staff in an effort to reduce our agency costs, which has led to an increase in administrative nursing hours during the onboarding process. For the three months ended June 30, 2022 , our contracted registered nurses represented approximately 32.9% of our total registered nursing hours, compared to approximately 32.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2021 . Additionally, the cost of contract registered nurses has risen due to the demand for healthcare professionals. These costs were approximately 3.1% higher during the three months ended June 30, 2022 , as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021 .
Rehabilitation Hospital Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $49.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $50.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the rehabilitation hospital segment was 21.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 23.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the three months ended June 30, 2022, were adversely affected by the incurrence of additional labor costs. Constrained staffing due to a shortage of healthcare workers has led to increases in incentive and retention pay for our employees and greater dependence on higher cost contract clinical workers. The increase in contracted clinical labor costs occurred predominantly within our hospitals operating in California and New Jersey.
Outpatient Rehabilitation Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $33.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $45.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the outpatient rehabilitation segment was 11.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 16.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the three months ended June 30, 2022, were affected by increases in both labor costs and other operating expenses compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Concentra Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $92.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $137.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the Concentra segment was 21.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 30.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the three months ended June 30, 2022, were affected by a decline in revenue generated from COVID-19 screening and testing services, as discussed in the “ Revenue ” section above. Our Concentra segment also recognized $32.3 million of Provider Relief Funds during the three months ended June 30, 2021, as described further above under “ Other Operating Income .”
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense was $51.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $51.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.




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Income from Operations
For the three months ended June 30, 2022, we had income from operations of $121.0 million, compared to $284.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in labor costs experienced within our critical illness recovery hospital and rehabilitation hospital segments was the primary cause of the decrease in income from operations, as discussed above under “ Adjusted EBITDA .” Additionally, we recognized other operating income of $15.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $98.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021, as described further under “ Other Operating Income .”
Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries
For the three months ended June 30, 2022, we had equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries of $6.2 million, compared to $11.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in equity in earnings is due in part to an increase in labor costs incurred by the rehabilitation businesses in which we are a minority owner.
Interest
Interest expense was $41.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $33.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in interest expense was attributable to an increase in the LIBOR rate, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, and borrowings made under our revolving facility during the three months ended June 30, 2022.
Income Taxes
We recorded income tax expense of $19.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, which represented an effective tax rate of 23.0%. We recorded income tax expense of $65.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, which represented an effective tax rate of 25.1%. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the lower effective tax rate resulted primarily from an increase in income before income taxes generated from our consolidated subsidiaries which are taxable as partnerships. For these subsidiaries, we only incur income tax expense on our share of their earnings.
Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests was $11.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $31.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The reduction in net income attributable to non-controlling interests was principally due to a change in our ownership interest of Concentra Group Holdings Parent. Since June 30, 2021, we have acquired substantially all of the outstanding membership interests of Concentra Group Holdings Parent. The reduction in net income attributable to non-controlling interests was also due to a decline in the net income of our less than wholly owned subsidiaries. Many of these subsidiaries were impacted by increased labor costs during the three months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
In the following, we discuss our results of operations related to revenue, operating expenses, other operating income, Adjusted EBITDA, depreciation and amortization, income from operations, equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, interest, income taxes, and net income attributable to non-controlling interests.
Please refer to “ Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on our Results of Operations ” above for further discussion.
Revenue
Our revenue increased 2.4% to $3,184.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $3,110.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Segment. Revenue increased to $1,147.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,138.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in revenue was due to an increase in revenue per patient day. Revenue per patient day increased 1.3% to $2,032 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $2,006 for the six months ended June 30, 2021. We experienced increases in both our non-Medicare and Medicare revenue per patient day during the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our patient days were 562,350 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 566,099 days for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Occupanc y in our critical illness recovery hospitals was 69%, 72%, and 70% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, 2021, and 2019, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, our patient days and occupancy percentage benefited from an increase in referrals from general acute care hospitals, which was due in part to an increase in volume in the intensive care units in those hospitals, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. As COVID-19 cases which require hospitalization have declined compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021 , the patient volume experienced in intensive care units has also declined. This reduced the volume of referrals we received during the six months ended June 30, 2022.
Rehabilitation Hospital Segment. Revenue increased 6.9% to $449.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $420.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in revenue was principally due to an increase in revenue per patient day. Our revenue per patient day increased 4.5% to $1,935 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,851 for the six months ended June 30, 2021. We experienced increases in both our Medicare and non-Medicare revenue per patient day during the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our patient days increased 2.5% to 212,614 days for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 207,387 days for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Occupancy in our rehabilitation hospitals was 85%, 84%, and 76% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, 2021, and 2019, respectively.
Outpatient Rehabilitation Segment. Revenue increased 5.0% to $559.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, co mpared to $532.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in revenue was principally due to patient visits, which increased 5.7% to 4,760,998 visits for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 4,505,015 visits for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Patient visits for the six months ended June 30, 2022, increased 11.8% compared to 4,257,988 visits for the six months ended June 30, 2019 ( the comparable pre-COVID-19 pandemic period) . The increase in visits was attributable to outpatient reh abilitation clinics which we have acquired and developed since June 30, 2021, as well as improvement in volume in our clinics which operated during both the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Our revenue per visit was $103 for both the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
Concentra Segment. Revenue was $864.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $879.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decline in revenue generated from COVID-19 screening and testing services. These services contributed $16.7 million of revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $106.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. This was offset by an increase in our patient visits of 8.7% to 6,331,410 visits for the six months ended June 30, 2022, com pared to 5,825,652 visits for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Patient visits for the six months ended June 30, 2022, increased 5.3% compared to 6,014,696 visits for the six months ended June 30, 2019 ( the comparable pre-COVID-19 pandemic period) . Our revenue per visit was $126 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $125 for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Additionally, our revenue was negatively affected by a greater percentage of employer services visits during the six months ended June 30, 2022, which yield lower per visit rates.




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Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist principally of cost of services and general and administrative expenses. Our operating expenses were $2,872.3 million, or 90.2% of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $2,656.0 million, or 85.4% of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our cost of services, a major component of which is labor expense, was $2,797.6 million, or 87.9% of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $2,584.9 million, or 83.1% of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in our operating expenses relative to our revenue was principally due to increased labor costs within our critical illness recovery hospital and rehabilitation hospital segments, as discussed further below under “ Adjusted EBITDA. ” General and administrative expenses were $74.8 million, or 2.3% of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $71.1 million, or 2.3% of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Other Operating Income
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we had other operating income of $15.1 million, compared to $132.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the other operating income is related to the recognition of payments received under the Provider Relief Fund for health care related expenses and lost revenues attributable to COVID-19, and is included within the operating results of our other activities.
For the six months ended June 30, 2021, $114.1 million of other operating income is related to the recognition of payments received under the Provider Relief Fund for health care related expenses and lost revenues attributable to COVID-19. $81.9 million and $32.3 million of other operating income is included within the operating results of our other activities and Concentra segment, respectively. The remaining $17.9 million of other operating income is related to the outcome of litigation with CMS and is included in the operating results of our critical illness recovery hospital segment.
Adjusted EBITDA
Critical Illness Recovery Hospital Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $56.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $186.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the critical illness recovery hospital segment was 4.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 16.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were adversely affected by a shortage of healthcare workers, which has led to the incurrence of additional labor costs, comprised of contract labor, sign-on and retention bonuses, and orientation costs, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021 . Our increased contract labor costs are due to higher utilization and increased rates. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we have hired more full-time nursing staff in an effort to reduce our agency costs, which has led to an increase in administrative nursing hours during the onboarding process. Our use of contract registered nurses increased by approximately 14.7% during the six months ended June 30, 2022 , as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021 . For the six months ended June 30, 2022 , our contracted registered nurses represented approximately 35.3% of our total registered nursing hours, compared to approximately 30.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2021 . Contract registered nursing hours as a percentage of our total registered nursing hours were 37.5%, 37.5%, and 32.9% for the three months ended December 31, 2021, March 31, 2022, and June 30, 2022, respectively . Additionally, the cost of contract registered nurses has risen significantly due to the demand for healthcare professionals. These costs were approximately 14.0% higher during the six months ended June 30, 2022 , as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021 . During the six months ended June 30, 2021, our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin also benefited from the recognition of $17.9 million in other operating income related to the outcome of litigation with CMS .
Rehabilitation Hospital Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $92.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $101.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the rehabilitation hospital segment was 20.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 24.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022, were adversely affected by the incurrence of additional labor costs. Constrained staffing due to a shortage of healthcare workers has led to increases in incentive and retention pay for our employees and greater dependence on higher cost contract clinical workers. Additionally, the cost of contract clinical labor for the six months ended June 30, 2022, has risen due to the demand for healthcare professionals, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in contracted clinical labor costs occurred predominantly within our hospitals operating in California and New Jersey.


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Outpatient Rehabilitation Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $60.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $72.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the outpatient rehabilitation segment was 10.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 13.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2021. O ur Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022, were affected by increases in both labor costs and other operating expenses compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Concentra Segment. Adjusted EBITDA was $182.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $219.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA margin for the Concentra segment was 21.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to 24.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were affected by the decline in revenue generated from COVID-19 screening and testing services, as discussed in the “ Revenue ” section above. Our Concentra segment also recognized $32.3 million of Provider Relief Funds during the six months ended June 30, 2021, as described further above under “ Other Operating Income .”
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense was $102.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $100.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Income from Operations
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we had income from operations of $225.0 million, compared to $486.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in labor costs experienced within our critical illness recovery hospital and rehabilitation hospital segments was the primary cause of the decrease in income from operations, as discussed above under “ Adjusted EBITDA. ” Additionally, we recognized other operating income of $15.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $132.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021, as described further under “ Other Operating Income .”
Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we had equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries of $11.6 million, compared to $21.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in equity in earnings is due in part to an increase in labor costs incurred by the rehabilitation businesses in which we are a minority owner. Additionally, certain of these rehabilitation businesses recognized income during the six months ended June 30, 2021 for the payments they received under the Provider Relief Fund for health care related expenses and lost revenues attributable to COVID-19.
Interest
Interest expense was $76.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $68.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in interest expense was primarily attributable to borrowings made under our revolving facility during the six months ended June 30, 2022. The increase in interest expense was also attributable to increases in the LIBOR rate during the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.
For the six months ended June 30, 2021, we recognized interest income of $4.7 million. The interest income was related to the outcome of litigation with CMS.
Income Taxes
We recorded income tax expense of $37.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, which represented an effective tax rate of 23.6%. We recorded income tax expense of $110.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, which represented an effective tax rate of 24.9%. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the lower effective tax rate resulted primarily from an increase in income before income taxes generated from our consolidated subsidiaries which are taxable as partnerships. For these subsidiaries, we only incur income tax expense on our share of their earnings.





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Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests was $17.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $58.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The reduction in net income attributable to non-controlling interests was principally due to a change in our ownership interest of Concentra Group Holdings Parent. Since June 30, 2021, we have acquired substantially all of the outstanding membership interests of Concentra Group Holdings Parent. The reduction in net income attributable to non-controlling interests was also due to a decline in the net income of our less than wholly owned subsidiaries. Many of these subsidiaries were impacted by increases in labor costs during the six months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
In the following, we discuss cash flows from operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.
Six Months Ended June 30,
2021 2022
(in thousands)
Cash flows provided by operating activities $ 363,026 $ 178,018
Cash flows used in investing activities (88,245) (114,094)
Cash flows used in financing activities (48,349) (43,565)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 226,432 20,359
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 577,061 74,310
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 803,493 $ 94,669
Operating activities provided $178.0 million of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $363.0 million of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in cash flows from operating activities was primarily due to a reduction in our operating income.
Our days sales outstanding was 53 days at June 30, 2022, compared to 52 days at December 31, 2021. Our days sales outstanding was 54 days at June 30, 2021, compared to 56 days at December 31, 2020. Our days sales outstanding will fluctuate based upon variability in our collection cycles and patient volumes.
Investing activities used $114.1 million of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The principal uses of cash were $93.2 million for purchases of property and equipment and $26.2 million for investments in and acquisitions of businesses. The cash outflows were offset in part by proceeds received from the sale of assets of $5.3 million. Investing activities used $88.2 million of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The principal uses of cash were $76.4 million for purchases of property and equipment and $21.3 million for investments in and acquisitions of businesses. The cash outflows were offset in part by proceeds received from the sale of assets of $9.5 million.
Financing activities used $43.6 million of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The principal uses of cash were $178.6 million for repurchases of common stock, $32.8 million of dividend payments to common stockholders, and $18.7 million for distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests. The cash outflows were offset in part by net borrowings under our revolving facility of $190.0 million. Financing activities used $48.3 million of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The principal uses of cash were $29.2 million for distributions to and purchases of non-controlling interests and $16.9 million of dividend payments to common stockholders.


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Capital Resources
Working capital. We had a net working capital deficit of $20.7 million at June 30, 2022, compared to a net working capital deficit of $133.6 million at December 31, 2021. The reduction of the working capital deficit was primarily due to increases in our cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable, as well as a reduction in our liability related to the payments we received under the Accelerated and Advance Payment Program.
Credit facilities. At June 30, 2022, Select had outstanding borrowings under its credit facilities consisting of a $2,103.4 million term loan (excluding unamortized original issue discounts and debt issuance costs of $11.3 million) and borrowings of $350.0 million under its revolving facility. At June 30, 2022, Select had $243.1 million of availability under its revolving facility after giving effect to $56.9 million of outstanding letters of credit.
Stock Repurchase Program. Holdings’ board of directors has authorized a common stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.0 billion worth of shares of its common stock. The common stock repurchase program will remain in effect until December 31, 2023, unless further extended or earlier terminated by the board of directors. Stock repurchases under this program may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, and at times and in such amounts as Holdings deems appropriate. Holdings funds this program with cash on hand and borrowings under its revolving facility. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Holdings repurchased 7,567,433 shares at a cost of approximately $177.6 million, or $23.47 per share, which includes transaction costs. Since the inception of the program through June 30, 2022, Holdings has repurchased 47,919,061 shares at a cost of approximately $592.8 million, or $12.37 per share, which includes transaction costs.
Use of Capital Resources. We may from time to time pursue opportunities to develop new joint venture relationships with large, regional health systems and other healthcare providers. We also intend to open new outpatient rehabilitation clinics and occupational health centers in local areas that we currently serve where we can benefit from existing referral relationships and brand awareness to produce incremental growth. In addition to our development activities, we may grow through opportunistic acquisitions.
Liquidity
The duration and extent of the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations and liquidity depends on future developments that cannot be accurately predicted at this time; however, we believe our internally generated cash flows and borrowing capacity under our revolving facility will allow us to finance our operations in both the short and long term. As of June 30, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $94.7 million and $243.1 million of availability under the revolving facility after giving effect to $350.0 million of outstanding borrowings and $56.9 million of letters of credit.
We may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity securities, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, tender offers or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, may be funded from operating cash flows or other sources and will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.
Dividend
On August 2, 2022, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.125 per share. The dividend will be payable on or about September 2, 2022 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 16, 2022.
There is no assurance that future dividends will be declared. The declaration and payment of dividends in the future are at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account various factors, including, but not limited to, our financial condition, operating results, available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, the terms of our indebtedness, and other factors our board of directors may deem to be relevant.
Effects of Inflation
The healthcare industry is labor intensive and the Company’s largest expenses are labor related costs. Wage and other expenses increase during periods of inflation and when labor shortages occur in the marketplace. We have recently experienced higher labor costs related to the current inflationary environment and competitive labor market. In addition, suppliers have passed along rising costs to us in the form of higher prices. We cannot predict our ability to pass along cost increases to our customers.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There were no new accounting standards issued between December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2022, which will have a material effect on the financial statements upon adoption.
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ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our variable rate long-term indebtedness. Our principal interest rate exposure relates to the loans outstanding under our credit facilities, which generally bear interest rates that are indexed against LIBOR.
At June 30, 2022, Select had outstanding borrowings under its credit facilities consisting of a $2,103.4 million term loan (excluding unamortized original issue discounts and debt issuance costs of $11.3 million) and $350.0 million of borrowings under its revolving facility.
In order to mitigate our exposure to rising interest rates, we entered into an interest rate cap transaction to limit our 1-month LIBOR rate to 1.0% on $2.0 billion of principal outstanding under our term loan. The agreement applies to interest payments through September 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2022, the 1-month LIBOR rate was 1.79%. As of June 30, 2022, $103.4 million of our term loan borrowings are subject to variable interest rates.
As of June 30, 2022, each 0.25% increase in market interest rates will impact the interest expense on our variable rate debt by $1.1 million.
ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered in this report. Based on this evaluation, as of June 30, 2022, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, including the accumulation and communication of disclosure to our principal executive officer and principal financial officer as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure, are effective to provide reasonable assurance that material information required to be included in our periodic SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the relevant SEC rules and forms.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that occurred during the second quarter ended June 30, 2022, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, there is only reasonable assurance that our controls will succeed in achieving their goals under all potential future conditions.
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PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Refer to the “ Litigation ” section contained within Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The risk factor set forth in this report updates, and should be read together with, the risk factors discussed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Inflation in the economy could negatively impact our business and results of operations.
Recently, inflation has increased throughout the U.S. economy. In an inflationary environment, we may experience increases in the prices of labor and other costs of doing business. Additionally, cost increases may outpace our expectations, causing us to use our cash and other liquid assets faster than forecasted. If we are unable to successfully manage the effects of inflation, our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition may be adversely affected.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
Holdings’ board of directors authorized a common stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.0 billion worth of shares of its common stock. The program will remain in effect until December 31, 2023, unless further extended or earlier terminated by the board of directors. Stock repurchases under this program may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, and at times and in such amounts as Holdings deems appropriate.
The following table provides information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2022.
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under Plans or Programs
April 1 - April 30, 2022 1,137,963 $ 23.04 1,137,963 $ 506,903,203
May 1 - May 31, 2022 2,376,593 22.89 2,332,964 453,480,845
June 1 - June 30, 2022 1,968,012 23.54 1,968,012 407,160,219
Total 5,482,568 $ 23.15 5,438,939 $ 407,160,219
_____________________________________________________________________________
(1)    Includes share repurchases under our common stock repurchase program and common stock surrendered to us to satisfy tax withholding obligations associated with the vesting of restricted shares issued to employees, pursuant to the provisions of our equity incentive plans.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.




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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Number Description
31.1
31.2
32.1
101.INS XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SELECT MEDICAL HOLDINGS CORPORATION
By: /s/ Martin F. Jackson
Martin F. Jackson
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer)
By: /s/  Scott A. Romberger
Scott A. Romberger
Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Dated:  August 4, 2022
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TABLE OF CONTENTS