TFC 10-Q Quarterly Report Sept. 30, 2024 | Alphaminr
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORP
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TFC 10-Q Quarter ended Sept. 30, 2024

Balance Sheet
Cash Flow
Income Statement
Debt
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORP
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_________________________________________________________________

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended: September 30, 2024
Commission File Number: 1-10853

TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_________________________________________________________________
North Carolina 56-0939887
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
214 North Tryon Street
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (844) 487-8478
_________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $5 par value TFC New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares each representing 1/4,000th interest in a share of Series I Perpetual Preferred Stock TFC.PI New York Stock Exchange
5.853% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Normal Preferred Purchase Securities each representing 1/100th interest in a share of Series J Perpetual Preferred Stock TFC.PJ New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares each representing 1/1,000th interest in a share of Series O Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock TFC.PO New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares each representing 1/1,000th interest in a share of Series R Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock TFC.PR New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

At September 30, 2024, 1,327,520,624 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $5 par value, were outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
September 30, 2024
Page No.
PART I - Financial Information
Glossary of Defined Terms
Forward-Looking Statements and Other Terms
Item 1. Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
Note 2. Discontinued Operations
Note 3. Securities Financing Activities
Note 4. Investment Securities
Note 5. Loans and ACL
Note 6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Note 7. Loan Servicing
Note 8. Other Assets and Liabilities
Note 9. Borrowings
Note 10. Shareholders’ Equity
Note 11. AOCI
Note 12. Income Taxes
Note 13. Benefit Plans
Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies
Note 15. Fair Value Disclosures
Note 16. Derivative Financial Instruments
Note 17. Computation of EPS
Note 18. Operating Segments
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Regulatory and Supervisory Considerations
Executive Overview
Analysis of Results of Operations
Analysis of Financial Condition
Risk Management
Liquidity
Capital
Critical Accounting Policies
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (see Market Risk in MD&A)
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
PART II - Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities - (none)
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures - (not applicable)
Item 5. Other Information
Item 6. Exhibits



Glossary of Defined Terms
The following terms may be used throughout this report, including the consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Term Definition
ACL
Allowance for credit losses
AD and CL Acquisition and development and commercial land
AFS
Available-for-sale
Agency MBS
Mortgage-backed securities issued by a U.S. government agency or GSE
ALCO Asset and Liability Committee
ALLL
Allowance for loan and lease losses
AOCI
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
BHC
Bank holding company
Board Board of Directors of Truist Financial Corporation
BRC Joint Risk Committee of the Boards of Directors of Truist Financial Corporation and Truist Bank
C&CB
Corporate and Commercial Banking, an operating segment prior to the Company’s realignment as of January 1, 2024
CB&W
Consumer Banking and Wealth, an operating segment prior to the Company’s realignment as of January 1, 2024
CCAR
Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review
CD
Certificate of deposit
CDI
Core deposit intangible
CEO
Chief Executive Officer of Truist Financial Corporation
CET1
Common equity tier 1
CFO
Chief Financial Officer of Truist Financial Corporation
CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission
CIO Chief Information Officer of Truist Financial Corporation
Company
Truist Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries (interchangeable with “Truist” below)
CP Construction and permanent
CRE
Commercial real estate
CSBB Consumer and Small Business Banking, an operating segment after the Company’s realignment as of January 1, 2024
DIF
Deposit Insurance Fund administered by the FDIC
EPS
Earnings per common share
Exchange Act
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
EVE Economic value of equity
FDIC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHLB
Federal Home Loan Bank
FHLMC
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
FNMA
Federal National Mortgage Association
FRB
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FTE
Full-time equivalent employee
GAAP
Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GSE
U.S. government-sponsored enterprise
HFI
Held for investment
HQLA
High-quality liquid assets
HTM
Held-to-maturity
IH
Insurance Holdings, a discontinued operating segment following the announcement of the sale of TIH
IPV
Independent price verification
IRR Interest rate risk
LCR
Liquidity Coverage Ratio
LHFS
Loans held for sale
LOCOM Lower of cost or market
Market Risk Rule Market risk capital requirements issued jointly by the OCC, U.S. Treasury, FRB, and FDIC
MBS
Mortgage-backed securities
MD&A Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MRO
Model Risk Oversight
MSR
Mortgage servicing rights
NA
Not applicable
NII
Net interest income
NIM
Net interest margin, computed on a TE basis
NM
Not meaningful
NPA
Nonperforming asset
NPL
Nonperforming loan
NSFR
Net stable funding ratio
OAS
Option adjusted spread
OCC Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
OCI
Other comprehensive income (loss)
OPEB
Other post-employment benefit
OREO
Other real estate owned
OT&C
Other, Treasury, and Corporate
Parent Company
Truist Financial Corporation, the parent company of Truist Bank and other subsidiaries
PCD
Purchased credit deteriorated loans
ROU assets
Right-of-use assets
Truist Financial Corporation 1

Term Definition
RUFC
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
SBIC
Small Business Investment Company
SCB Stress Capital Buffer
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
TBVPS
Tangible book value per common share
TE
Taxable-equivalent
TIH Truist Insurance Holdings, LLC, an entity sold on May 6, 2024
TRS Total Return Swap
Truist
Truist Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries (interchangeable with the “Company” above)
Truist Bank Truist Bank, a North Carolina-chartered bank
U.S.
United States of America
U.S. DOJ United States Department of Justice
U.S. Treasury
United States Department of the Treasury
UPB
Unpaid principal balance
VaR
Value-at-risk
VIE
Variable interest entity
WB Wholesale Banking, an operating segment after the Company’s realignment as of January 1, 2024
2 Truist Financial Corporation

Forward-Looking Statements and Other Terms

From time to time we have made, and in the future will make, forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements often use words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “pursue,” “seek,” “continue,” “estimate,” “project,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “potential,” “target,” “objective,” “trend,” “plan,” “goal,” “initiative,” “priorities,” or other words of comparable meaning or future-tense or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” or “could.” Forward-looking statements convey our expectations, intentions, or forecasts about future events, circumstances, or results.

This report, including any information incorporated by reference in this report, contains forward-looking statements. We also may make forward-looking statements in other documents that are filed or furnished with the SEC. In addition, we may make forward-looking statements orally or in writing to investors, analysts, members of the media, and others. All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to assumptions, risks, and uncertainties, which may change over time and many of which are beyond our control. You should not rely on any forward-looking statement as a prediction or guarantee about the future. Actual future objectives, strategies, plans, prospects, performance, conditions, and results may differ materially from those set forth in any forward-looking statement. While no list of assumptions, risks, and uncertainties could be complete, some of the factors that may cause actual results or other future events or circumstances to differ from those in forward-looking statements include:

• evolving political, business, economic, and market conditions at local, regional, national, and international levels;
• monetary, fiscal, and trade laws or policies, including as a result of actions by governmental agencies, central banks, or supranational authorities;
• the legal, regulatory, and supervisory environment, including changes in financial-services legislation, regulation, policies, or government officials or other personnel;
• our ability to address heightened scrutiny and expectations from supervisory or other governmental authorities and to timely and credibly remediate related concerns or deficiencies;
• judicial, regulatory, and administrative inquiries, examinations, investigations, proceedings, disputes, or rulings that create uncertainty for or are adverse to us or the financial-services industry;
• the outcomes of judicial, regulatory, and administrative inquiries, examinations, investigations, proceedings, disputes, or rulings to which we are or may be subject (either directly or indirectly through our ownership interests in joint ventures or other legal entities) and our ability to absorb and address any damages or other remedies that are sought or awarded and any collateral consequences;
• evolving accounting standards and policies;
• the adequacy of our corporate governance, risk-management framework, compliance programs, and internal controls over financial reporting, including our ability to control lapses or deficiencies in financial reporting, to make appropriate estimates, or to effectively mitigate or manage operational risk;
• any instability or breakdown in the financial system, including as a result of the actual or perceived soundness of another financial institution or another participant in the financial system;
• disruptions and shifts in investor sentiment or behavior in the securities, capital, or other financial markets, including financial or systemic shocks and volatility or changes in market liquidity, interest or currency rates, or valuations;
• our ability to cost-effectively fund our businesses and operations, including by accessing long- and short-term funding and liquidity and by retaining and growing client deposits;
• changes in any of our credit ratings;
• our ability to manage any unexpected outflows of uninsured deposits and avoid selling investment securities or other assets at an unfavorable time or at a loss;
• negative market perceptions of our investment portfolio or its value;
• adverse publicity or other reputational harm to us, our service providers, or our senior officers;
• business and consumer sentiment, preferences, or behavior, including spending, borrowing, or saving by businesses or households;
• our ability to execute on strategic and operational plans, including accelerating growth, improving profitability, and returning capital to shareholders;
• changes in our corporate and business strategies, the composition of our assets, or the way in which we fund those assets;
• our ability to successfully make and integrate acquisitions and to effect divestitures, including the ability to perform our obligations under the transition services arrangements supporting TIH in a cost-effective and efficient manner;
• our ability to develop, maintain, and market our products or services or to absorb unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with those products or services;
• our ability to innovate, to anticipate the needs of current or future clients, to successfully compete, to increase or hold market share in changing competitive environments, or to deal with pricing or other competitive pressures;
• our ability to maintain secure and functional financial, accounting, technology, data processing, or other operating systems or infrastructure, including those that safeguard personal and other sensitive information;
• our ability to appropriately underwrite loans that we originate or purchase and to otherwise manage credit risk;
• our ability to satisfactorily and profitably perform loan servicing and similar obligations;
• the credit, liquidity, or other financial condition of our clients, counterparties, service providers, or competitors;
• our ability to effectively deal with economic, business, or market slowdowns or disruptions;
• the efficacy of our methods or models in assessing business strategies or opportunities or in valuing, measuring, estimating, monitoring, or managing positions or risk;
• our ability to keep pace with changes in technology that affect us or our clients, counterparties, service providers, or competitors or to maintain rights or interests in associated intellectual property;
• our ability to attract, hire, and retain key teammates and to engage in adequate succession planning;
• the performance and availability of third-party service providers on whom we rely in delivering products and services to our clients and otherwise in conducting our business and operations;
• our ability to detect, prevent, mitigate, and otherwise manage the risk of fraud or misconduct by internal or external parties; our ability to manage and mitigate physical-security and cybersecurity risks, including denial-of-service attacks, hacking, phishing, social-engineering attacks, malware intrusion, data-corruption attempts, system breaches, identity theft, ransomware attacks, environmental conditions, and intentional acts of destruction;
• natural or other disasters, calamities, and conflicts, including terrorist events, cyber-warfare, and pandemics;
• widespread outages of operational, communication, and other systems;
• our ability to maintain appropriate corporate responsibility practices, oversight, and disclosures;
• policies and other actions of governments to manage and mitigate climate and related environmental risks, and the effects of climate change or the transition to a lower-carbon economy on our business, operations, and reputation; and
• other assumptions, risks, or uncertainties described in the Risk Factors (Item 1A), Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Item 7), or the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Item 8) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K or described in any of the Company’s subsequent quarterly or current reports.

Any forward-looking statement made by us or on our behalf speaks only as of the date that it was made. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement to reflect the impact of events, circumstances, or results that arise after the date that the statement was made, except as required by applicable securities laws. You, however, should consult further disclosures (including disclosures of a forward-looking nature) that we may make in any subsequent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Current Report on Form 8-K.

Unless the context otherwise requires, “sale of TIH” and similar phrases refer to the sale of our majority stake in TIH on May 6, 2024.
Truist Financial Corporation 3

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions, except per share data, shares in thousands) 		Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and due from banks $ 5,229 $ 5,000
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 34,411 25,230
Securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell 2,973 2,378
Trading assets at fair value 5,209 4,332
AFS securities at fair value 64,111 67,366
HTM securities (fair value of $ 43,229 and $ 44,630 , respectively)
51,495 54,107
LHFS (including $ 1,028 and $ 852 at fair value, respectively)
1,278 1,280
Loans and leases (including $ 13 and $ 15 at fair value, respectively)
303,084 312,061
ALLL ( 4,842 ) ( 4,798 )
Loans and leases, net of ALLL 298,242 307,263
Premises and equipment 3,251 3,298
Goodwill 17,125 17,156
CDI and other intangible assets 1,635 1,909
Loan servicing rights at fair value 3,499 3,378
Other assets (including $ 1,624 and $ 1,311 at fair value, respectively)
34,976 34,997
Assets of discontinued operations — 7,655
Total assets $ 523,434 $ 535,349
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits $ 105,984 $ 111,624
Interest-bearing deposits (including $ 99 and $ — at fair value, respectively)
281,794 284,241
Short-term borrowings (including $ 2,545 and $ 1,625 at fair value, respectively)
20,859 24,828
Long-term debt 36,770 38,918
Other liabilities (including $ 1,912 and $ 2,597 at fair value, respectively)
12,331 12,946
Liabilities of discontinued operations — 3,539
Total liabilities 457,738 476,096
Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock 6,673 6,673
Common stock, $ 5 par value
6,638 6,669
Additional paid-in capital 36,020 36,177
Retained earnings 23,248 22,088
AOCI, net of deferred income taxes ( 6,883 ) ( 12,506 )
Noncontrolling interests — 152
Total shareholders’ equity 65,696 59,253
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 523,434 $ 535,349
Common shares outstanding 1,327,521 1,333,743
Common shares authorized 2,000,000 2,000,000
Preferred shares outstanding 223 223
Preferred shares authorized 5,000 5,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4 Truist Financial Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions, except per share data, shares in thousands) 		Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Interest Income
Interest and fees on loans and leases $ 4,852 $ 4,976 $ 14,596 $ 14,547
Interest on securities 869 763 2,512 2,264
Interest on other earning assets 631 488 1,779 1,375
Total interest income 6,352 6,227 18,887 18,186
Interest Expense
Interest on deposits 2,014 1,858 5,994 4,510
Interest on long-term debt 454 491 1,382 1,739
Interest on other borrowings 282 343 1,010 932
Total interest expense 2,750 2,692 8,386 7,181
Net Interest Income 3,602 3,535 10,501 11,005
Provision for credit losses 448 497 1,399 1,537
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 3,154 3,038 9,102 9,468
Noninterest Income
Wealth management income 350 343 1,067 1,012
Investment banking and trading income 332 185 941 657
Card and payment related fees 222 238 676 704
Service charges on deposits 221 154 678 644
Mortgage banking income 106 102 315 343
Lending related fees 88 102 273 294
Operating lease income 49 63 158 194
Securities gains (losses) — — ( 6,650 ) —
Other income 115 147 259 287
Total noninterest income 1,483 1,334 ( 2,283 ) 4,135
Noninterest Expense
Personnel expense 1,628 1,669 4,919 5,042
Professional fees and outside processing 336 289 922 887
Software expense 222 222 664 645
Net occupancy expense 157 164 477 499
Amortization of intangibles 84 98 261 297
Equipment expense 84 89 261 278
Marketing and customer development 75 70 194 207
Operating lease depreciation 34 43 108 133
Regulatory costs 51 77 288 225
Restructuring charges
25 61 109 165
Other expense 231 278 771 743
Total noninterest expense 2,927 3,060 8,974 9,121
Earnings
Income (loss) before income taxes 1,710 1,312 ( 2,155 ) 4,482
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 271 203 ( 821 ) 794
Net income (loss) from continuing operations 1,439 1,109 ( 1,334 ) 3,688
Net income from discontinued operations 3 74 4,898 355
Net income 1,442 1,183 3,564 4,043
Noncontrolling interests from discontinued operations — 6 22 44
Preferred stock dividends and other 106 106 289 284
Net income available to common shareholders $ 1,336 $ 1,071 $ 3,253 $ 3,715
Basic earnings from continuing operations $ 1.00 $ 0.75 $ ( 1.21 ) $ 2.56
Basic EPS 1.00 0.80 2.44 2.79
Diluted earnings from continuing operations 0.99 0.75 ( 1.21 ) 2.54
Diluted EPS 0.99 0.80 2.44 2.77
Basic weighted average shares outstanding 1,334,212 1,333,522 1,335,812 1,331,377
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding 1,349,129 1,340,574 1,335,812 1,339,041

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Truist Financial Corporation 5

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions) 		Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Net income $ 1,442 $ 1,183 $ 3,564 $ 4,043
OCI, net of tax:
Net change in net pension and postretirement costs ( 14 ) 23 21 17
Net change in cash flow hedges 508 ( 255 ) 280 ( 447 )
Net change in AFS securities 1,067 ( 2,015 ) 5,155 ( 1,712 )
Net change in HTM securities 59 63 167 183
Other, net 1 ( 1 ) — 1
Total OCI, net of tax 1,621 ( 2,185 ) 5,623 ( 1,958 )
Total comprehensive income (loss) $ 3,063 $ ( 1,002 ) $ 9,187 $ 2,085
Income Tax Effect of Items Included in OCI:
Net change in net pension and postretirement costs $ ( 4 ) $ — $ 7 $ —
Net change in cash flow hedges 157 ( 79 ) 87 ( 138 )
Net change in AFS securities 330 ( 618 ) 1,592 ( 543 )
Net change in HTM securities 18 19 51 51
Total income taxes related to OCI $ 501 $ ( 678 ) $ 1,737 $ ( 630 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6 Truist Financial Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions, shares in thousands) 		Shares of Common Stock Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings AOCI Noncontrolling Interests Total Shareholders’ Equity
Balance, July 1, 2023 1,331,976 $ 6,673 $ 6,660 $ 35,990 $ 27,577 $ ( 13,374 ) $ 155 $ 63,681
Net income — — — — 1,177 — 6 1,183
OCI — — — — — ( 2,185 ) — ( 2,185 )
Issued in connection with equity awards, net 1,692 — 8 43 ( 4 ) — — 47
Cash dividends declared on common stock — — — — ( 693 ) — — ( 693 )
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock — — — — ( 106 ) — — ( 106 )
Equity-based compensation expense — — — 78 — — — 78
Other, net — — — 3 ( 7 ) — 6 2
Balance, September 30, 2023 1,333,668 $ 6,673 $ 6,668 $ 36,114 $ 27,944 $ ( 15,559 ) $ 167 $ 62,007
Balance, July 1, 2024 1,338,223 $ 6,673 $ 6,691 $ 36,364 $ 22,603 $ ( 8,504 ) $ — $ 63,827
Net income — — — — 1,442 — — 1,442
OCI — — — — — 1,621 — 1,621
Issued in connection with equity awards, net 983 — 5 29 ( 3 ) — — 31
Repurchase of common stock, including excise tax ( 11,685 ) — ( 58 ) ( 445 ) — — — ( 503 )
Cash dividends declared on common stock — — — — ( 695 ) — — ( 695 )
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock — — — — ( 106 ) — — ( 106 )
Equity-based compensation expense — — — 71 — — — 71
Sale of remaining stake in TIH — — — — — — 7 7
Other, net — — — 1 7 — ( 7 ) 1
Balance, September 30, 2024 1,327,521 $ 6,673 $ 6,638 $ 36,020 $ 23,248 $ ( 6,883 ) $ — $ 65,696
Balance, January 1, 2023 1,326,829 $ 6,673 $ 6,634 $ 34,544 $ 26,264 $ ( 13,601 ) $ 23 $ 60,537
Net income — — — — 3,999 — 44 4,043
OCI — — — — — ( 1,958 ) — ( 1,958 )
Received in connection with TIH minority stake sale, net — — — 1,317 — — 96 1,413
Issued in connection with equity awards, net 6,839 — 34 ( 1 ) ( 7 ) — — 26
Cash dividends declared on common stock — — — — ( 2,077 ) — — ( 2,077 )
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock — — — — ( 284 ) — — ( 284 )
Equity-based compensation expense — — — 251 — — — 251
Other, net — — — 3 49 — 4 56
Balance, September 30, 2023 1,333,668 $ 6,673 $ 6,668 $ 36,114 $ 27,944 $ ( 15,559 ) $ 167 $ 62,007
Balance, January 1, 2024 1,333,743 $ 6,673 $ 6,669 $ 36,177 $ 22,088 $ ( 12,506 ) $ 152 $ 59,253
Net income — — — — 3,542 — 22 3,564
OCI — — — — — 5,623 — 5,623
Issued in connection with equity awards, net 5,463 — 27 ( 26 ) ( 8 ) — — ( 7 )
Repurchase of common stock, including excise tax ( 11,685 ) — ( 58 ) ( 445 ) — — — ( 503 )
Cash dividends declared on common stock — — — — ( 2,085 ) — — ( 2,085 )
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock — — — — ( 289 ) — — ( 289 )
Equity-based compensation expense — — — 237 — — — 237
Sale of remaining stake in TIH — — — — — — ( 190 ) ( 190 )
Other, net — — — 77 — — 16 93
Balance, September 30, 2024 1,327,521 $ 6,673 $ 6,638 $ 36,020 $ 23,248 $ ( 6,883 ) $ — $ 65,696

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Truist Financial Corporation 7

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (1)
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions) 		Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income $ 3,564 $ 4,043
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Provision for credit losses 1,399 1,537
Depreciation 460 522
Amortization of intangibles 282 397
Securities (gains) losses 6,650 —
Gain on sale of TIH, net of tax ( 4,830 ) —
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
LHFS ( 176 ) ( 204 )
Pension asset ( 144 ) ( 1,425 )
Derivative assets and liabilities ( 1,463 ) 852
Trading assets ( 877 ) 521
Other assets and other liabilities ( 4,110 ) 75
Other, net 634 ( 63 )
Net cash from operating activities 1,389 6,255
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sales of AFS securities 27,611 15
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns of AFS securities 11,131 6,340
Purchases of AFS securities ( 35,323 ) ( 2,261 )
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns of HTM securities 2,844 3,023
Originations and purchases of loans and leases, net of sales and principal collected 7,829 9,332
Net cash received (paid) for FHLB stock 418 ( 5 )
Net cash received (paid) for securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell ( 595 ) 1,163
Net cash received (paid) for asset acquisitions, business combinations, and divestitures 12,164 ( 15 )
Other, net 479 273
Net cash from investing activities 26,558 17,865
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Net change in deposits ( 9,629 ) ( 13,471 )
Net change in short-term borrowings ( 3,973 ) 47
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 14,375 48,172
Repayment of long-term debt ( 16,748 ) ( 49,609 )
Repurchase of common stock ( 500 ) —
Cash dividends paid on common stock ( 2,085 ) ( 2,077 )
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock ( 289 ) ( 284 )
Net cash received (paid) for hedge unwinds ( 80 ) ( 424 )
Net cash from TIH minority stake sale — 1,922
Other, net ( 22 ) 15
Net cash from financing activities ( 18,951 ) ( 15,709 )
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents 8,996 8,411
Cash and Cash Equivalents of Continuing and Discontinued Operations, January 1 30,644 21,421
Cash and Cash Equivalents of Continuing and Discontinued Operations, September 30 $ 39,640 $ 29,832
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
Net cash paid (received) during the period for:
Interest expense $ 8,664 $ 6,430
Income taxes 762 785
(1) Cash flows of discontinued operations are reflected within operating, investing, and financing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The cash balances of these operations were reported as assets of discontinued operations on the Consolidated Balance Sheets prior to the sale of TIH. Refer to “Note 2. Discontinued Operations” for additional information related to discontinued operations.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 1. Basis of Presentation

General

See the Glossary of Defined Terms at the beginning of this Report for terms used herein. These consolidated financial statements and notes are presented in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q, and, therefore, do not include all information and notes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flow activity required in accordance with GAAP. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations have been made. The year-end consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements. The information contained in the financial statements and notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 should be referred to in connection with these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements. The Company updated its accounting policies in connection with recently adopted accounting standards, as applicable, which are described in this footnote. There were no other significant changes to the Company’s accounting policies from those disclosed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Discontinued Operations

The Company classifies assets and liabilities as held for sale when management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the disposal group, the sale is probable to occur within one year, and the disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition. The Company also considers whether an active program to locate a buyer has been initiated, whether the disposal group is marketed actively for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value, and whether actions required to complete the plan indicate it is unlikely significant changes to the plan will be made or the plan will be withdrawn. An asset or business that meets the criteria for held for sale classification is reported as discontinued operations when the disposal represents a strategic shift that has had or will have a major effect on the Company’s operating results.

Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations are presented separately in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for prior periods commencing in the period in which the asset or business meets all of the held for sale criteria described above. Net income from discontinued operations, net of tax, is separately reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income for current and prior periods commencing in the period in which the asset or business meets all of the held for sale criteria described above, including any gain or loss recognized on the sale or adjustment of the carrying amount to fair value less cost to sell.

Certain activity of TIH impacting the Company's footnote disclosures has been removed or revised. The footnote disclosures included herein are presented on a continuing operations basis, unless otherwise noted.

Refer to “Note 2. Discontinued Operations” for additional information.

Segment Realignment

Effective January 1, 2024, several business activities were realigned reflecting updates to the Company’s operating structure. First, the CB&W segment was renamed CSBB and the C&CB segment was renamed WB. Second, the Wealth business was realigned into the WB segment from the CSBB segment, representing a separate reporting unit in that segment. Third, the small business banking client segmentation was realigned into the CSBB segment from the WB segment. Further, TIH was the principal legal entity of the IH segment. As the operations of TIH were included in discontinued operations prior to the sale of TIH, the Company no longer presents the IH segment as one of its reportable segments. The segment disclosures have been revised to reflect the new structure. Refer to “Note 18. Operating Segments” for additional information.

Reclassifications

In addition to the reclassifications discussed above in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Income, and certain footnotes for discontinued operations and the segment realignment, as applicable, certain other amounts reported in prior periods’ consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

In the third quarter of 2024, the Company’s corporate expense allocation methodology was enhanced to allocate certain overhead or functional expenses based on actual OT&C noninterest expense performance. Prior period results have been revised for the CSBB, WB, and OT&C segments to conform to the current allocation methodology.

Truist Financial Corporation 9

As a result of the methodology change, CSBB noninterest expense increased $ 43 million and $ 195 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with an off-setting decrease in OT&C noninterest expense. For the same reason, WB noninterest expense increased $ 76 million and $ 234 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with an off-setting decrease in OT&C noninterest expense.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change include the determination of the ACL; determination of fair value for securities, MSRs, LHFS, trading loans, and derivative assets and liabilities; goodwill and other intangible assets; income taxes; and pension and postretirement benefit obligations.

Changes in Accounting Principles and Effects of New Accounting Pronouncements

Standard / Adoption Date Description Effects on the Financial Statements
Standards Not Yet Adopted
Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
December 31, 2024
Improves reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses.
Truist is actively engaged in establishing enhanced disclosures of significant segment expenses consistent with the requirements of this standard. This standard relates to footnote disclosures only.
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
December 31, 2025
Improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures.
Truist is evaluating the impact of this standard on its disclosures. This standard relates to footnote disclosures only.

10 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 2. Discontinued Operations

On February 20, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the remaining stake of the common equity in TIH to an investor group led by Stone Point Capital LLC and Clayton, Dubilier & Rice for a purchase price that implied an enterprise value for TIH of $ 15.5 billion. The divestiture of TIH represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on our operations and financial results. The Company reclassified all of the assets and liabilities of TIH to discontinued operations in connection with the announcement of the disposition of the business. As such, financial information attributed to TIH has been recast to reflect discontinued operations for the periods presented herein. The following footnotes reflect impacts of discontinued operations: “Note 1. Basis of Presentation,” “Note 2. Discontinued Operations,” “Note 6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” “Note 8. Other Assets and Liabilities,” “Note 12. Income Taxes,” “Note 13. Benefit Plans,” “Note 17. Computation of EPS,” and “Note 18. Operating Segments.”

The following is a summary of the assets and liabilities of discontinued operations:
(Dollars in millions) Dec 31, 2023
Assets of discontinued operations:
Cash and due from banks $ 72
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 342
Premises and equipment 72
Goodwill 3,745
CDI and other intangible assets 1,251
Other assets 2,173
Total assets of discontinued operations $ 7,655
Liabilities of discontinued operations:
Other liabilities $ 3,539
Total liabilities of discontinued operations $ 3,539

The following presents operating results of TIH classified as discontinued operations:
(Dollars in millions) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Interest Income
Interest on other earning assets $ — $ 26 $ 31 $ 47
Total interest income — 26 31 47
Noninterest income
Insurance income — 795 1,319 2,548
Other income — 5 9 13
Total noninterest income — 800 1,328 2,561
Expenses
Personnel expense — 531 885 1,595
Professional fees and outside processing 10 28 95 96
Software expense — 16 25 44
Net occupancy expense — 16 20 44
Amortization of intangibles — 32 21 100
Equipment expense — 8 11 21
Marketing and customer development — 8 15 28
Restructuring charges — 14 82 27
Other expense 5 57 89 166
Total noninterest expense 15 710 1,243 2,121
Earnings
Gain on sale of TIH 36 — 6,939 —
Income before income taxes from discontinued operations 21 116 7,055 487
Provision for income taxes 18 42 2,157 132
Net income from discontinued operations 3 74 4,898 355
Noncontrolling interests — 6 22 44
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to controlling interest $ 3 $ 68 $ 4,876 $ 311

Truist Financial Corporation 11

The components of net cash provided by operating, investing, and financing activities of discontinued operations included in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows are as follows:
(Dollars in millions) Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023
Net cash from operating activities $ 64 $ 524
Net cash from investing activities 12,099 ( 33 )
Net cash from financing activities ( 41 ) ( 478 )

On May 6, 2024, the Company completed the sale. The transaction improved Truist’s relative capital position while allowing Truist to maintain strategic flexibility. Upon closing, the transaction resulted in the deconsolidation of the TIH subsidiary from Truist. The following is a summary of the transaction, including post-closing and tax impact adjustments:
(Dollars in millions) May 6, 2024
Cash received $ 12,605
Assets of discontinued operations:
Cash and due from banks 93
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 1,952
Premises and equipment 58
Goodwill 3,743
CDI and other intangible assets 1,227
Other assets 2,873
Total assets of discontinued operations 9,946
Liabilities of discontinued operations:
Other liabilities 4,090
Total liabilities of discontinued operations 4,090
Net assets of discontinued operations 5,856
Noncontrolling interest 190
Pre-tax gain 6,939
Current and deferred tax impact ( 2,109 )
After-tax gain $ 4,830

In connection with the sale of TIH, the Company has entered into various agreements with entities controlled by the buyers and TIH, including a transition services agreement and several commercial agreements, ranging from one to seven years. The transition services agreement includes the following support services: information technology, finance and accounting, human resources, marketing and communications, procurement, and real estate. The Company is compensated for such services on a monthly basis. The commercial agreements represent arrangements for both the Company and TIH to continue engaging in certain business activities after the completion of the sale. Such activities include referral services and certain insurance brokerage and administration services. In addition, TIH retained its depository relationship with Truist Bank after completion of the sale. As of May 6, 2024, TIH held $ 1.5 billion of deposits at Truist Bank, which are no longer eliminated as a result of the deconsolidation of the TIH subsidiary from Truist effective with completion of the sale. Prior to the sale of TIH, such deposits were not presented in assets of discontinued operations as they were eliminated upon consolidation.

12 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 3. Securities Financing Activities

Securities purchased under agreements to resell are primarily collateralized by U.S. government or agency securities and are carried at the amounts at which the securities will be subsequently sold, plus accrued interest. Securities borrowed are primarily collateralized by corporate securities. The Company borrows securities and purchases securities under agreements to resell as part of its securities financing activities. On the acquisition date of these securities, the Company and the related counterparty agree on the amount of collateral required to secure the principal amount loaned under these arrangements. The Company monitors collateral values daily and calls for additional collateral to be provided as warranted under the respective agreements. The following table presents securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Securities purchased under agreements to resell $ 1,014 $ 1,168
Securities borrowed 1,959 1,210
Total securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell $ 2,973 $ 2,378
Fair value of collateral permitted to be resold or repledged $ 2,398 $ 2,175
Fair value of securities repledged — 12

For securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company would be obligated to provide additional collateral in the event of a significant decline in fair value of the collateral pledged. This risk is managed by monitoring the liquidity and credit quality of the collateral, as well as the maturity profile of the transactions. Refer to “Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies” for additional information related to pledged securities. The following table presents the Company’s related activity, by collateral type and remaining contractual maturity:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) Overnight and Continuous Up to 30 days Total Overnight and Continuous Up to 30 days Total
U.S. Treasury $ — $ 750 $ 750 $ 12 $ — $ 12
State and Municipal
300 100 400 415 — 415
Agency MBS – residential
— 2,200 2,200 — 1,500 1,500
Corporate and other debt securities 450 155 605 420 80 500
Total securities sold under agreements to repurchase $ 750 $ 3,205 $ 3,955 $ 847 $ 1,580 $ 2,427

There were no securities financing transactions subject to legally enforceable master netting arrangements that were eligible for balance sheet netting for the periods presented.

Truist Financial Corporation 13

NOTE 4. Investment Securities

The following tables summarize the Company’s AFS and HTM securities:
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Net unrealized gains (losses) Fair Value
Gains Losses
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury $ 13,328 $ 166 $ ( 19 ) $ 147 $ 13,475
GSE 387 5 ( 27 ) ( 22 ) 365
Agency MBS – residential 51,452 218 ( 4,204 ) ( 3,986 ) 47,466
Agency MBS – commercial 2,917 3 ( 549 ) ( 546 ) 2,371
States and political subdivisions 416 15 ( 13 ) 2 418
Other 16 — — — 16
Total AFS securities, excluding portfolio level basis adjustments 68,516 407 ( 4,812 ) ( 4,405 ) 64,111
Portfolio level basis adjustments (1)
331 ( 331 ) —
Total AFS securities $ 68,847 $ 407 $ ( 4,812 ) $ ( 4,736 ) $ 64,111
HTM securities:
Agency MBS – residential $ 51,495 $ — $ ( 8,266 ) $ ( 8,266 ) $ 43,229
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Net unrealized gains (losses) Fair Value
Gains Losses
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury $ 10,511 $ 2 $ ( 472 ) $ ( 470 ) $ 10,041
GSE 393 3 ( 34 ) ( 31 ) 362
Agency MBS – residential 60,989 — ( 9,700 ) ( 9,700 ) 51,289
Agency MBS – commercial 2,817 — ( 569 ) ( 569 ) 2,248
States and political subdivisions 421 17 ( 13 ) 4 425
Non-agency MBS 3,698 — ( 717 ) ( 717 ) 2,981
Other 20 — — — 20
Total AFS securities $ 78,849 $ 22 $ ( 11,505 ) $ ( 11,483 ) $ 67,366
HTM securities:
Agency MBS – residential $ 54,107 $ — $ ( 9,477 ) $ ( 9,477 ) $ 44,630
(1) Represents fair value hedge basis adjustments related to active portfolio layer method hedges, which are not allocated to individual securities. For additional information, refer to “Note 16. Derivative Financial Instruments.”

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of certain MBS securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC that exceeded 10% of shareholders’ equity are shown in the table below:
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) Amortized Cost Fair Value
FNMA $ 27,782 $ 24,075
FHLMC 27,600 23,800

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of the securities portfolio by contractual maturity are shown in the following table. The expected life of MBS may be shorter than the contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to prepay their obligations with or without penalties.
Amortized Cost Fair Value
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Due in one year or less Due after one year through five years Due after five years through ten years Due after ten years Total Due in one year or less Due after one year through five years Due after five years through ten years Due after ten years Total
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury $ 4,019 $ 9,272 $ 8 $ 29 $ 13,328 $ 4,034 $ 9,408 $ 8 $ 25 $ 13,475
GSE 2 5 12 368 387 2 5 12 346 365
Agency MBS – residential — 97 407 50,948 51,452 — 95 392 46,979 47,466
Agency MBS – commercial — 9 71 2,837 2,917 — 9 68 2,294 2,371
States and political subdivisions 65 68 147 136 416 65 71 150 132 418
Other — 7 9 — 16 — 7 9 — 16
Total AFS securities $ 4,086 $ 9,458 $ 654 $ 54,318 $ 68,516 $ 4,101 $ 9,595 $ 639 $ 49,776 $ 64,111
HTM securities:
Agency MBS – residential $ — $ — $ — $ 51,495 $ 51,495 $ — $ — $ — $ 43,229 $ 43,229

14 Truist Financial Corporation

The following tables present the fair values and gross unrealized losses of investments based on the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury $ 1,337 $ ( 2 ) $ 586 $ ( 17 ) $ 1,923 $ ( 19 )
GSE 29 — 245 ( 27 ) 274 ( 27 )
Agency MBS – residential 565 ( 2 ) 28,997 ( 4,202 ) 29,562 ( 4,204 )
Agency MBS – commercial 12 — 2,224 ( 549 ) 2,236 ( 549 )
States and political subdivisions 35 — 240 ( 13 ) 275 ( 13 )
Other — — 7 — 7 —
Total $ 1,978 $ ( 4 ) $ 32,299 $ ( 4,808 ) $ 34,277 $ ( 4,812 )
HTM securities:
Agency MBS – residential $ — $ — $ 43,229 $ ( 8,266 ) $ 43,229 $ ( 8,266 )
Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury $ 356 $ ( 2 ) $ 8,806 $ ( 470 ) $ 9,162 $ ( 472 )
GSE 16 — 255 ( 34 ) 271 ( 34 )
Agency MBS – residential 258 ( 4 ) 51,006 ( 9,696 ) 51,264 ( 9,700 )
Agency MBS – commercial 61 ( 2 ) 2,185 ( 567 ) 2,246 ( 569 )
States and political subdivisions 35 — 243 ( 13 ) 278 ( 13 )
Non-agency MBS — — 2,981 ( 717 ) 2,981 ( 717 )
Other — — 20 — 20 —
Total $ 726 $ ( 8 ) $ 65,496 $ ( 11,497 ) $ 66,222 $ ( 11,505 )
HTM securities:
Agency MBS – residential $ — $ — $ 44,630 $ ( 9,477 ) $ 44,630 $ ( 9,477 )

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, no ACL was established for AFS or HTM securities. Substantially all of the unrealized losses on the securities portfolio were the result of changes in market interest rates compared to the date the securities were acquired rather than the credit quality of the issuers or underlying loans. The Company does not expect to incur any credit losses on investment securities.

The following table presents gross securities gains and losses recognized in earnings:
(Dollars in millions) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Gross realized losses (1)
$ — $ — $ ( 6,650 ) $ —
(1) Includes $ 485 million pre-tax gain on terminated hedges for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Following the sale of TIH, Truist executed a strategic balance sheet repositioning of a portion of its AFS investment securities portfolio by selling $ 27.7 billion of lower-yielding investment securities, resulting in an after-tax loss of $ 5.1 billion in the second quarter of 2024. The investment securities that were sold had a book value of $ 34.4 billion including the impact of hedges. Truist invested approximately $ 18.7 billion of the sale proceeds in shorter duration, higher-yielding investment securities.

Truist Financial Corporation 15

NOTE 5. Loans and ACL

The following tables present loans and leases HFI by aging category. Government guaranteed loans are not placed on nonperforming status regardless of delinquency because collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured.
Accruing
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Current 30-89 Days Past Due
90 Days Or More Past Due (1)
Nonperforming Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 153,229 $ 116 $ 5 $ 575 $ 153,925
CRE 20,600 10 — 302 20,912
Commercial construction 7,975 4 — 1 7,980
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 52,703 671 433 156 53,963
Home equity 9,492 63 7 118 9,680
Indirect auto 21,660 596 — 252 22,508
Other consumer 28,964 233 22 63 29,282
Credit card 4,707 76 51 — 4,834
Total $ 299,330 $ 1,769 $ 518 $ 1,467 $ 303,084
(1) Includes government guaranteed loans of $ 394 million in the residential mortgage portfolio.
Accruing
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Current 30-89 Days Past Due
90 Days Or More Past Due (1)
Nonperforming Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 160,081 $ 230 $ 7 $ 470 $ 160,788
CRE 22,281 5 — 284 22,570
Commercial construction 6,658 — 1 24 6,683
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 54,261 639 439 153 55,492
Home equity 9,850 70 11 122 10,053
Indirect auto 21,788 669 2 268 22,727
Other consumer 28,296 271 21 59 28,647
Credit card 4,961 87 53 — 5,101
Total $ 308,176 $ 1,971 $ 534 $ 1,380 $ 312,061
(1) Includes government guaranteed loans of $ 418 million in the residential mortgage portfolio.

16 Truist Financial Corporation

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans by origination year and credit quality indicator:
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Credit Loans Converted to Term
Other (1)
2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial:
Pass $ 17,066 $ 16,486 $ 22,880 $ 12,482 $ 6,976 $ 13,909 $ 56,781 $ — $ ( 202 ) $ 146,378
Special mention 251 432 401 381 87 268 958 — — 2,778
Substandard 338 863 707 383 167 486 1,250 — — 4,194
Nonperforming 11 128 61 31 20 75 249 — — 575
Total 17,666 17,909 24,049 13,277 7,250 14,738 59,238 — ( 202 ) 153,925
Gross charge-offs 15 94 56 9 5 26 71 — — 276
CRE:
Pass 1,416 2,933 3,970 2,086 1,654 4,029 1,599 — ( 63 ) 17,624
Special mention 68 85 615 260 8 241 300 — — 1,577
Substandard 175 326 148 216 155 389 — — — 1,409
Nonperforming 6 82 82 1 42 89 — — — 302
Total 1,665 3,426 4,815 2,563 1,859 4,748 1,899 — ( 63 ) 20,912
Gross charge-offs 14 31 91 — 26 103 — — — 265
Commercial construction:
Pass 579 1,530 1,777 814 44 169 1,109 — — 6,022
Special mention 3 68 870 184 68 — 72 — — 1,265
Substandard 8 65 336 179 35 — 69 — — 692
Nonperforming — — 1 — — — — — — 1
Total 590 1,663 2,984 1,177 147 169 1,250 — — 7,980
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
Current 1,638 2,838 12,839 15,705 5,402 14,281 — — — 52,703
30 - 89 days past due 4 16 72 70 46 463 — — — 671
90 days or more past due 2 40 42 27 28 294 — — — 433
Nonperforming — 4 14 22 6 110 — — — 156
Total 1,644 2,898 12,967 15,824 5,482 15,148 — — — 53,963
Gross charge-offs — — — — — 2 — — — 2
Home equity:
Current — — — — — — 6,085 3,407 — 9,492
30 - 89 days past due — — — — — — 44 19 — 63
90 days or more past due — — — — — — 5 2 — 7
Nonperforming — — — — — — 38 80 — 118
Total — — — — — — 6,172 3,508 — 9,680
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — 7 — — 7
Indirect auto:
Current 6,494 3,444 5,914 3,235 1,552 1,020 — — 1 21,660
30 - 89 days past due 45 110 176 114 62 89 — — — 596
Nonperforming 8 44 81 52 29 38 — — — 252
Total 6,547 3,598 6,171 3,401 1,643 1,147 — — 1 22,508
Gross charge-offs 8 83 164 75 36 67 — — — 433
Other consumer:
Current 7,946 7,029 5,702 2,626 1,346 1,656 2,631 25 3 28,964
30 - 89 days past due 37 69 66 26 13 15 6 1 — 233
90 days or more past due 3 11 6 — — — 2 — — 22
Nonperforming 2 14 18 12 5 12 — — — 63
Total 7,988 7,123 5,792 2,664 1,364 1,683 2,639 26 3 29,282
Gross charge-offs 54 150 126 56 28 23 21 — — 458
Credit card:
Current — — — — — — 4,690 17 — 4,707
30 - 89 days past due — — — — — — 74 2 — 76
90 days or more past due — — — — — — 50 1 — 51
Total — — — — — — 4,814 20 — 4,834
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — 215 7 — 222
Total $ 36,100 $ 36,617 $ 56,778 $ 38,906 $ 17,745 $ 37,633 $ 76,012 $ 3,554 $ ( 261 ) $ 303,084
Gross charge-offs $ 91 $ 358 $ 437 $ 140 $ 95 $ 221 $ 314 $ 7 $ — $ 1,663
Truist Financial Corporation 17

December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Credit Loans Converted to Term
Other (1)
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial:
Pass $ 26,836 $ 29,877 $ 15,683 $ 8,436 $ 5,918 $ 11,539 $ 55,026 $ — $ ( 211 ) $ 153,104
Special mention 688 623 557 152 37 197 1,003 — — 3,257
Substandard 754 628 428 290 289 367 1,201 — — 3,957
Nonperforming 36 116 99 12 42 31 134 — — 470
Total 28,314 31,244 16,767 8,890 6,286 12,134 57,364 — ( 211 ) 160,788
Gross charge-offs 20 72 126 21 5 35 111 — — 390
CRE:
Pass 3,760 4,931 2,651 1,903 2,813 2,666 1,221 — ( 70 ) 19,875
Special mention 185 315 140 79 203 37 — — — 959
Substandard 259 350 190 65 243 289 56 — — 1,452
Nonperforming 2 52 28 15 174 13 — — — 284
Total 4,206 5,648 3,009 2,062 3,433 3,005 1,277 — ( 70 ) 22,570
Gross charge-offs — 58 10 20 29 47 2 — — 166
Commercial construction:
Pass 1,029 2,196 1,370 287 89 125 840 — — 5,936
Special mention 3 218 208 — — — 1 — — 430
Substandard 24 48 27 174 — — 20 — — 293
Nonperforming — 23 — — 1 — — — — 24
Total 1,056 2,485 1,605 461 90 125 861 — — 6,683
Gross charge-offs — 5 — — — — — — — 5
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
Current 2,846 13,481 16,509 5,738 2,822 12,865 — — — 54,261
30 - 89 days past due 10 52 43 38 40 456 — — — 639
90 or more days past due 7 22 25 31 28 326 — — — 439
Nonperforming — 7 13 7 13 113 — — — 153
Total 2,863 13,562 16,590 5,814 2,903 13,760 — — — 55,492
Gross charge-offs — — 2 1 1 6 — — — 10
Home equity:
Current — — — — — — 6,175 3,675 — 9,850
30 - 89 days past due — — — — — — 47 23 — 70
90 days or more past due — — — — — — 7 4 — 11
Nonperforming — — — — — — 42 80 — 122
Total — — — — — — 6,271 3,782 — 10,053
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — 10 — — 10
Indirect auto:
Current 4,611 8,049 4,689 2,479 1,330 639 — — ( 9 ) 21,788
30 - 89 days past due 83 213 150 86 71 66 — — — 669
90 days or more past due — 1 1 — — — — — — 2
Nonperforming 20 85 63 39 33 28 — — — 268
Total 4,714 8,348 4,903 2,604 1,434 733 — — ( 9 ) 22,727
Gross charge-offs 25 202 118 58 59 69 — — — 531
Other consumer:
Current 9,903 7,676 3,715 1,914 1,049 1,207 2,816 13 3 28,296
30 - 89 days past due 86 85 41 23 16 12 7 1 — 271
90 days or more past due 9 8 1 1 — — 2 — — 21
Nonperforming 6 14 14 8 6 10 — 1 — 59
Total 10,004 7,783 3,771 1,946 1,071 1,229 2,825 15 3 28,647
Gross charge-offs 97 166 93 50 34 14 23 — — 477
Student: (2)
Gross charge-offs — — — — — 108 — — — 108
Credit card:
Current — — — — — — 4,942 19 — 4,961
30 - 89 days past due — — — — — — 84 3 — 87
90 days or more past due — — — — — — 51 2 — 53
Total — — — — — — 5,077 24 — 5,101
Gross charge-offs — — — — — — 220 3 — 223
Total $ 51,157 $ 69,070 $ 46,645 $ 21,777 $ 15,217 $ 30,986 $ 73,675 $ 3,821 $ ( 287 ) $ 312,061
Gross charge-offs $ 142 $ 503 $ 349 $ 150 $ 128 $ 279 $ 366 $ 3 $ — $ 1,920
(1) Includes certain deferred fees and costs and other adjustments.
(2) Truist sold its student loan portfolio at the end of the second quarter of 2023. Charge-offs include $ 98 million related to the sale.

18 Truist Financial Corporation

ACL

The following tables present activity in the ACL:
(Dollars in millions) Balance at Jul 1, 2023 Charge-Offs Recoveries Provision (Benefit)
Other (1)
Balance at Sep 30, 2023
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,536 $ ( 98 ) $ 28 $ ( 114 ) $ ( 1 ) $ 1,351
CRE 402 ( 77 ) 2 278 — 605
Commercial construction 109 — — 56 — 165
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 320 ( 8 ) 1 ( 12 ) — 301
Home equity 85 ( 4 ) 7 ( 2 ) — 86
Indirect auto 981 ( 135 ) 25 74 — 945
Other Consumer 808 ( 120 ) 20 158 — 866
Credit card 365 ( 55 ) 9 55 — 374
ALLL 4,606 ( 497 ) 92 493 ( 1 ) 4,693
RUFC 273 — — 4 — 277
ACL $ 4,879 $ ( 497 ) $ 92 $ 497 $ ( 1 ) $ 4,970
(Dollars in millions) Balance at Jul 1, 2024 Charge-Offs Recoveries Provision (Benefit)
Other (1)
Balance at Sep 30, 2024
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,338 $ ( 96 ) $ 26 $ 49 $ — $ 1,317
CRE 661 ( 65 ) 5 55 — 656
Commercial construction 206 — 1 9 — 216
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 205 — 1 ( 10 ) — 196
Home equity 88 ( 1 ) 4 ( 4 ) — 87
Indirect auto 945 ( 143 ) 38 122 — 962
Other consumer 958 ( 152 ) 26 154 — 986
Credit card 407 ( 71 ) 9 77 — 422
ALLL 4,808 ( 528 ) 110 452 — 4,842
RUFC 302 — — ( 4 ) — 298
ACL $ 5,110 $ ( 528 ) $ 110 $ 448 $ — $ 5,140
(Dollars in millions) Balance at Jan 1, 2023 Charge-Offs Recoveries Provision (Benefit)
Other (1)
Balance at Sep 30, 2023
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,409 $ ( 280 ) $ 54 $ 170 $ ( 2 ) $ 1,351
CRE 224 ( 118 ) 3 496 — 605
Commercial construction 46 — 1 118 — 165
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 399 ( 10 ) 5 ( 12 ) ( 81 ) 301
Home equity 90 ( 8 ) 18 ( 14 ) — 86
Indirect auto 981 ( 377 ) 82 246 13 945
Other consumer 770 ( 329 ) 57 369 ( 1 ) 866
Student (2)
98 ( 108 ) — 10 — —
Credit card 360 ( 159 ) 27 149 ( 3 ) 374
ALLL 4,377 ( 1,389 ) 247 1,532 ( 74 ) 4,693
RUFC 272 — — 5 — 277
ACL $ 4,649 $ ( 1,389 ) $ 247 $ 1,537 $ ( 74 ) $ 4,970
Truist Financial Corporation 19

(Dollars in millions) Balance at Jan 1, 2024 Charge-Offs Recoveries Provision (Benefit)
Other (1)
Balance at Sep 30, 2024
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 1,404 $ ( 276 ) $ 72 $ 117 $ — $ 1,317
CRE 616 ( 265 ) 17 288 — 656
Commercial construction 174 — 2 40 — 216
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 298 ( 2 ) 4 ( 104 ) — 196
Home equity 89 ( 7 ) 13 ( 8 ) — 87
Indirect auto 942 ( 433 ) 96 357 — 962
Other consumer 890 ( 458 ) 82 472 — 986
Credit card 385 ( 222 ) 27 232 — 422
ALLL 4,798 ( 1,663 ) 313 1,394 — 4,842
RUFC 295 — — 5 ( 2 ) 298
ACL $ 5,093 $ ( 1,663 ) $ 313 $ 1,399 $ ( 2 ) $ 5,140
(1) Includes the amounts for the ALLL for PCD acquisitions, the impact of adopting the Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures accounting standard, and other activity.
(2) Truist sold its student loan portfolio at the end of the second quarter of 2023.

The commercial ALLL decreased $ 16 million, and the consumer and credit card ALLL increased $ 50 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in the commercial ALLL primarily reflects a decrease in commercial loan balances that was partially offset by an increased reserve rate that included incremental reserves related to Hurricane Helene. The change in the consumer and credit card ALLL primarily reflects an increase in indirect auto and other consumer loan balances that was partially offset by a modest decrease in the residential mortgage reserve rate. The commercial ALLL decreased $ 5 million, and the consumer and credit card ALLL increased $ 49 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in the commercial ALLL primarily reflects a decrease in commercial loan balances that was partially offset by increases in the reserve rates related to the CRE and commercial construction portfolios. The change in the consumer and credit card ALLL was primarily driven by increases in reserve rates related to certain consumer non-real estate portfolios that were partially offset by decreases in loan balances and a decrease in the reserve rate related to the residential mortgage portfolio.

The quantitative models have been designed to estimate losses using macro-economic forecasts over a reasonable and supportable forecast period of two years, followed by a reversion to long-term historical loss conditions over a one-year period. Forecasts of macroeconomic variables used in loss forecasting include unemployment trends, U.S. real GDP, corporate credit spreads, property values, home price indices, and used car prices.

The overall economic forecast incorporates a third-party baseline forecast that is adjusted to reflect Truist’s interest rate outlook. Management also considers optimistic and pessimistic third-party macro-economic forecasts in order to capture uncertainty in the economic environment. These forecasts, along with the primary economic forecast, are weighted 40% baseline, 30% optimistic, and 30% pessimistic in the September 30, 2024 ACL, unchanged since December 31, 2023. While the scenario weightings were unchanged, the economic outlook relative to the prior period varied by economic variable and time period. The economic outlook generally reflected modest improvement in GDP growth and no material change in forecasted unemployment compared to the prior quarter. The overall economic forecast shaping the ACL estimate at September 30, 2024 included GDP growth in the low-single digits and an unemployment rate near the mid-single digits.

Quantitative models have certain limitations with respect to estimating expected losses, particularly in times of rapidly changing macro-economic conditions and forecasts. As a result, management believes that the qualitative component of the ACL, which incorporates management’s judgment related to expected future credit losses, will continue to be an important component of the ACL for the foreseeable future. The September 30, 2024 ACL estimate includes adjustments to consider the impact of current and expected events or risks not captured by the loss forecasting models, the outcomes of which are uncertain and may not be completely considered by quantitative models. Refer to “Note 1. Basis of Presentation” in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information.

20 Truist Financial Corporation

NPAs

The following table provides a summary of nonperforming loans and leases, excluding LHFS:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
Recorded Investment Recorded Investment
(Dollars in millions) Without an ALLL With an ALLL Without an ALLL With an ALLL
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 134 $ 441 $ 123 $ 347
CRE 60 242 154 130
Commercial construction — 1 — 24
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 2 154 1 152
Home equity 1 117 1 121
Indirect auto 26 226 20 248
Other consumer — 63 — 59
Total $ 223 $ 1,244 $ 299 $ 1,081

The following table presents a summary of nonperforming assets and residential mortgage loans in the process of foreclosure:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Nonperforming loans and leases HFI $ 1,467 $ 1,380
Nonperforming LHFS 5 51
Foreclosed real estate 3 3
Other foreclosed property 53 54
Total nonperforming assets $ 1,528 $ 1,488
Residential mortgage loans in the process of foreclosure $ 179 $ 214

Truist Financial Corporation 21

Loan Modifications

The following tables summarize the amortized cost basis and the weighted average financial effect of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the period, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of modification granted.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Renewals Term Extensions Interest Rate Adjustments Capitalizations Payment Delays Combination -
Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension 		Other Total Modified Loans Percentage of Total Class of Financing Receivable
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 272 $ — $ 12 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 73 $ 357 0.23 %
CRE 87 — — — — — — — — 87 0.42
Commercial construction 42 — — — — — — — — 42 0.53
Consumer:
Residential mortgage — 20 — 16 25 1 70 13 1 146 0.27
Home equity — 1 — — — 1 — — — 2 0.02
Indirect auto — 10 — — 632 3 — — 4 649 2.88
Other consumer — 10 — — — 1 — — — 11 0.04
Credit card — — 8 — — — — — — 8 0.17
Total $ 401 $ 41 $ 20 $ 16 $ 657 $ 6 $ 70 $ 13 $ 78 $ 1,302 0.43
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Renewals Term Extensions Interest Rate Adjustments Capitalizations Payment Delays Combination -
Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension 		Other Total Modified Loans Percentage of Total Class of Financing Receivable
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 517 $ — $ 12 $ — $ 2 $ — $ — $ — $ 140 $ 671 0.44 %
CRE 248 — — — — — — — 13 261 1.25
Commercial construction 47 — — — — — — — — 47 0.59
Consumer:
Residential mortgage — 60 — 42 41 1 176 35 3 358 0.66
Home equity — 2 — — 2 6 — — — 10 0.10
Indirect auto — 22 — — 1,230 11 — — 10 1,273 5.66
Other consumer — 28 1 — 1 3 — — — 33 0.11
Credit card — — 28 — — — — — — 28 0.58
Total $ 812 $ 112 $ 41 $ 42 $ 1,276 $ 21 $ 176 $ 35 $ 166 $ 2,681 0.88

22 Truist Financial Corporation

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Renewals Term Extensions Capitalizations Payment Delays Combination -
Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension 		Other Total Modified Loans Percentage of Total Class of Financing Receivable
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 426 $ — $ — $ 3 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 429 0.26 %
CRE 28 — — — — — — — 28 0.12
Commercial construction 21 — — — — — — — 21 0.33
Consumer:
Residential mortgage — 30 27 23 — 79 15 1 175 0.31
Home equity — — — 2 2 — — 1 5 0.05
Indirect auto — 7 — 388 4 — — 2 401 1.67
Other consumer — 6 — — 1 — — — 7 0.02
Credit card — — — — — — — 4 4 0.08
Total $ 475 $ 43 $ 27 $ 416 $ 7 $ 79 $ 15 $ 8 $ 1,070 0.34
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Renewals Term Extensions Capitalizations Payment Delays Combination -
Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension 		Other Total Modified Loans Percentage of Total Class of Financing Receivable
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 884 $ 51 $ — $ 23 $ 44 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,002 0.62 %
CRE 173 — — 72 — — — — 245 1.08
Commercial construction 24 — — — — — — — 24 0.38
Consumer:
Residential mortgage — 82 95 62 2 254 52 4 551 0.98
Home equity — — — 2 7 — — 2 11 0.11
Indirect auto — 19 — 483 13 — — 5 520 2.16
Other consumer — 15 — 1 4 — — 1 21 0.07
Credit card — — — — — — — 14 14 0.28
Total $ 1,081 $ 167 $ 95 $ 643 $ 70 $ 254 $ 52 $ 26 $ 2,388 0.76

Truist Financial Corporation 23

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Loan Type Financial Effect
Renewals
Commercial and industrial Extended the term by 9 months and increased the interest rate by 0.6%
CRE Extended the term by 10 months and increased the interest rate by 0.7%
Commercial construction Extended the term by 35 months and increased the interest rate by 0.2%
Term Extensions
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 92 months
Home equity Extended the term by 197 months
Indirect auto Extended the term by 28 months
Other consumer Extended the term by 23 months
Interest Rate Adjustments
Commercial and industrial Increased the interest rate by 1%
Credit card Decreased the interest rate by 19%
Capitalizations
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance
Payment Delays
Residential mortgage Provided 240 days of payment deferral
Indirect auto Provided 214 days of payment deferral
Combination - Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 12 months and decreased the interest rate by 1%
Home equity Extended the term by 320 months and decreased the interest rate by 2%
Indirect auto Extended the term by 12 months and decreased the interest rate by 4%
Other consumer Extended the term by 60 months and nominally decreased the interest rate
Combination - Capitalization and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance and extended the term by 84 months
Combination - Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance, extended the term by 122 months, and decreased the interest rate by 0.8%
24 Truist Financial Corporation

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Loan Type Financial Effect
Renewals
Commercial and industrial Extended the term by 18 months and increased the interest rate by 0.4%
CRE Extended the term by 8 months and increased the interest rate by 0.4%
Commercial construction Extended the term by 32 months and increased the interest rate by 0.2%
Term Extensions
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 103 months
Home equity Extended the term by 174 months
Indirect auto Extended the term by 27 months
Other consumer Extended the term by 24 months
Interest Rate Adjustments
Commercial and industrial Increased the interest rate by 1%
Other consumer Decreased the interest rate by 2%
Credit card Decreased the interest rate by 19%
Capitalizations
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance
Payment Delays
Commercial and industrial Provided 97 days of payment deferral
Residential mortgage Provided 223 days of payment deferral
Home equity Provided 179 days of payment deferral
Indirect auto Provided 199 days of payment deferral
Other consumer Provided 157 days of payment deferral
Combination - Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 44 months and decreased the interest rate by 0.4%
Home equity Extended the term by 284 months and decreased the interest rate by 3%
Indirect auto Extended the term by 14 months and decreased the interest rate by 4%
Other consumer Extended the term by 59 months and decreased the interest rate by 0.1%
Combination - Capitalization and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance and extended the term by 84 months
Combination - Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance, extended the term by 132 months, and decreased the interest rate by 0.7%

Truist Financial Corporation 25

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Loan Type Financial Effect
Renewals
Commercial and industrial Extended the term by 9 months and increased the interest rate by 0.7%
CRE Extended the term by 15 months and increased the interest rate by 0.9%
Commercial construction Extended the term by 2 months
Term Extensions
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 117 months
Indirect auto Extended the term by 24 months
Other Consumer Extended the term by 24 months
Capitalizations
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance
Payment Delays
Commercial and industrial Provided 120 days of payment deferral
Residential mortgage Provided 214 days of payment deferral
Home equity Provided 177 days of payment deferral
Indirect auto Provided 135 days of payment deferral
Combination - Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension
Home equity Extended the term by 322 months and decreased the interest rate by 5%
Indirect auto Extended the term by 12 months and decreased the interest rate by 5%
Other consumer Extended the term by 56 months and decreased the interest rate by 1%
Combination - Capitalization and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance and extended the term by 101 months
Combination - Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance, extended the term by 144 months, and decreased the interest rate by 0.4%
26 Truist Financial Corporation

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Loan Type Financial Effect
Renewals
Commercial and industrial Extended the term by 8 months and increased the interest rate by 0.6%
CRE Extended the term by 11 months and increased the interest rate by 0.2%
Commercial construction Extended the term by 2 months
Term Extensions
Commercial and industrial Extended the term by 3 months
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 139 months
Indirect auto Extended the term by 22 months
Other consumer Extended the term by 24 months
Capitalizations
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance
Payment Delays
Commercial and industrial Provided 183 days of payment deferral
CRE Provided 232 days of payment deferral
Residential mortgage Provided 212 days of payment deferral
Home equity Provided 167 days of payment deferral
Indirect auto Provided 133 days of payment deferral
Other consumer Provided 153 days of payment deferral
Combination - Interest Rate Adjustment and Term Extension
Commercial and industrial Extended the term by 76 months and increased the interest rate by 3%
Residential mortgage Extended the term by 124 months and increased the interest rate by 0.5%
Home equity Extended the term by 258 months and decreased the interest rate by 3%
Indirect auto Extended the term by 11 months and decreased the interest rate by 7%
Other consumer Extended the term by 61 months and decreased the interest rate by 1%
Combination - Capitalization and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance and extended the term by 105 months
Combination - Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension
Residential mortgage Capitalized a portion of forborne loan and other advanced payments into the outstanding loan balance, extended the term by 130 months, and decreased the interest rate by 0.2%

The tables above exclude trial modifications totaling $ 46 million and $ 77 million as of September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Such modifications will be included in the modification activity disclosure if the borrower successfully completes the trial period and the loan modification is finalized.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, Truist had $ 389 million and $ 702 million, respectively, in unfunded lending commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for which Truist has modified the terms of the loans in the ways described above during the twelve months preceding September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Upon Truist’s determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion of the loan) is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount.

Truist Financial Corporation 27

Truist closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table summarizes the period-end delinquency status and amortized cost of loans that were modified in the last 12 months. The period-end delinquency status of loans that were modified are disclosed at amortized cost and reflect the impact of any paydowns, payoffs, or charge-offs that occurred subsequent to modification.
Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis)
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions)
Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 721 $ 7 $ 27 $ 755
CRE 246 11 2 259
Commercial construction 76 — — 76
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 296 81 95 472
Home equity 10 — — 10
Indirect auto 1,015 202 58 1,275
Other consumer 32 2 1 35
Credit card 19 5 3 27
Total $ 2,415 $ 308 $ 186 $ 2,909
Total nonaccrual loans included above $ 277 $ 50 $ 126 $ 453
Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis)
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)
Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 887 $ 48 $ 92 $ 1,027
CRE 233 11 1 245
Commercial construction 22 — — 22
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 427 116 90 633
Home equity 11 — — 11
Indirect auto 730 148 20 898
Other consumer 24 1 — 25
Credit card 11 3 2 16
Total $ 2,345 $ 327 $ 205 $ 2,877
Total nonaccrual loans included above $ 155 $ 85 $ 137 $ 377

The following table provides the amortized cost basis of financing receivables that were modified in the last twelve months and were in payment default at period end:
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions)
Renewals Term Extensions Interest Rate Adjustments Capitalizations Payment Delays Combination -
Capitalization and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension 		Other Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 27 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 27
CRE 2 — — — — — — — 2
Consumer:
Residential mortgage — 13 — 9 37 31 5 — 95
Indirect auto — — — — 56 — — 2 58
Other consumer — 1 — — — — — — 1
Credit card — — 3 — — — — — 3
Total $ 29 $ 14 $ 3 $ 9 $ 93 $ 31 $ 5 $ 2 $ 186

28 Truist Financial Corporation

December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)
Renewals Term Extensions Capitalizations Payment Delays Combination -
Capitalization and Term Extension 		Combination -
Capitalization, Interest Rate and Term Extension 		Other Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 72 $ — $ — $ 20 $ — $ — $ — $ 92
CRE 1 — — — — — — 1
Consumer:
Residential mortgage — 13 6 34 31 5 1 90
Indirect auto — 1 — 17 — — 2 20
Credit card — — — — — — 2 2
Total $ 73 $ 14 $ 6 $ 71 $ 31 $ 5 $ 5 $ 205

Unearned Income, Discounts, and Net Deferred Loan Fees and Costs

The following table presents additional information about loans and leases:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Unearned income, discounts, and net deferred loan fees and costs $ 578 $ 553

Truist Financial Corporation 29

NOTE 6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Effective January 1, 2024, several business activities were realigned reflecting updates to the Company’s operating structure. First, the CB&W segment was renamed CSBB and the C&CB segment was renamed WB. Second, the Wealth business was realigned into the WB segment from the CSBB segment, representing a separate reporting unit in that segment. Third, the small business banking client segmentation was realigned into the CSBB segment from the WB segment. Further, TIH was the principal legal entity of the IH segment. As the operations of TIH were included in discontinued operations prior to the sale of TIH, the Company no longer presents the IH segment as one of its reportable segments. Following the realignment of these business activities, the Company’s three reporting units with goodwill balances are CSBB, WB, and Wealth.

In conjunction with these realignments, goodwill of $ 1.7 billion was realigned to WB from CSBB based on the relative fair value of CSBB and Wealth, and goodwill of $ 220 million was realigned to CSBB from WB based on the relative fair value of WB and the realigned small business banking client segmentation. In addition, the Company completed an assessment of any potential goodwill impairment for all impacted reporting units immediately prior and subsequent to the realignments and determined that no impairment existed. The quantitative valuation of WB performed in conjunction with these goodwill realignments indicated that as of January 1, 2024, the fair value of the WB reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by less than 10%, indicating that the goodwill of the WB reporting unit may be at risk of impairment.

The Company monitored events and circumstances during the period from January 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024, including macroeconomic and market factors, industry and banking sector events, Truist specific performance indicators, a comparison of management’s forecast and assumptions to those used in its January 1, 2024 quantitative valuations associated with the realignments of goodwill, and the sensitivity of the January 1, 2024 quantitative results to changes in assumptions as of September 30, 2024. Based on these considerations, Truist concluded that it was not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of one or more of its reporting units is below its respective carrying amount as of September 30, 2024.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill attributable to operating segments are reflected in the table below. Activity during 2024 primarily relates to the segment realignment described above and the divestiture of Sterling Capital Management, LLC. Refer to “Note 2. Discontinued Operations” for additional information related to discontinued operations and “Note 18. Operating Segments” for additional information on segments.
(Dollars in millions) CSBB WB Total
Goodwill, December 31, 2023 $ 13,503 $ 3,653 $ 17,156
Segment realignment ( 1,498 ) 1,498 —
Divestitures — ( 32 ) ( 32 )
Adjustments and other — 1 1
Goodwill, September 30, 2024 $ 12,005 $ 5,120 $ 17,125

The following table, which excludes fully amortized intangibles, presents information for identifiable intangible assets:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount
CDI $ 2,453 $ ( 1,785 ) $ 668 $ 2,473 $ ( 1,650 ) $ 823
Other, primarily client relationship intangibles
1,578 ( 611 ) 967 1,598 ( 512 ) 1,086
Total $ 4,031 $ ( 2,396 ) $ 1,635 $ 4,071 $ ( 2,162 ) $ 1,909

30 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 7. Loan Servicing

The Company acquires servicing rights, and retains servicing rights related to certain of its sales or securitizations of residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, and other consumer loans. Servicing rights are capitalized by the Company as Loan servicing rights on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income earned by the Company on its loan servicing rights is derived primarily from contractually specified servicing fees, late fees, net of curtailment costs, and other ancillary fees.

Residential Mortgage Activities

The following tables summarize residential mortgage servicing activities:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
UPB of residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio $ 275,424 $ 269,068
UPB of residential mortgage loans serviced for others, primarily agency conforming fixed rate
221,143 213,399
Mortgage loans sold with recourse 149 173
Maximum recourse exposure from mortgage loans sold with recourse liability 92 109
Indemnification, recourse and repurchase reserves 46 52
As of / For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 		2024 2023
UPB of residential mortgage loans sold from LHFS $ 7,758 $ 10,643
Pre-tax gains recognized on mortgage loans sold and held for sale 56 49
Servicing fees recognized from mortgage loans serviced for others 443 517
Approximate weighted average servicing fee on the outstanding balance of residential mortgage loans serviced for others
0.28 % 0.27 %
Weighted average interest rate on mortgage loans serviced for others 3.62 3.51

The following table presents a roll forward of the carrying value of residential MSRs recorded at fair value:
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023
Residential MSRs, carrying value, January 1 $ 3,088 $ 3,428
Acquired 230 123
Additions 127 199
Sales ( 2 ) ( 531 )
Change in fair value due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions (1)
( 2 ) 207
Realization of expected net servicing cash flows, passage of time, and other ( 206 ) ( 204 )
Residential MSRs, carrying value, September 30 $ 3,235 $ 3,222
(1) The nine months ended September 30, 2023 includes realized gains on the portfolio sale of excess servicing.

The sensitivity of the fair value of the Company’s residential MSRs to changes in key assumptions is presented in the following table:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
Range Weighted Average Range Weighted Average
(Dollars in millions) Min Max Min Max
Prepayment speed 6.8 % 19.3 % 8.0 % 6.7 % 18.2 % 7.5 %
Effect on fair value of a 10% increase $ ( 91 ) $ ( 82 )
Effect on fair value of a 20% increase ( 176 ) ( 160 )
OAS 2.2 % 12.6 % 4.9 % 2.2 % 12.0 % 4.6 %
Effect on fair value of a 10% increase $ ( 68 ) $ ( 60 )
Effect on fair value of a 20% increase ( 133 ) ( 118 )
Composition of loans serviced for others:
Fixed-rate residential mortgage loans 99.7 % 99.6 %
Adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans
0.3 0.4
Total 100.0 % 100.0 %
Weighted average life 7.3 years 7.5 years

The sensitivity calculations above are hypothetical and should not be considered predictive of future performance. As indicated, changes in fair value based on adverse changes in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in the above table, the effect of an adverse variation in one assumption on the fair value of the MSRs is calculated without changing any other assumption; while in reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which may magnify or counteract the effect of the change. See “Note 15. Fair Value Disclosures” for additional information on the valuation techniques used.

Truist Financial Corporation 31

Commercial Mortgage Activities

The following table summarizes commercial mortgage servicing activities:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
UPB of CRE mortgages serviced for others $ 28,241 $ 31,681
CRE mortgages serviced for others covered by recourse provisions 9,615 9,661
Maximum recourse exposure from CRE mortgages sold with recourse liability 2,815 2,813
Recorded reserves related to recourse exposure 12 16
CRE mortgages originated during the year-to-date period 784 2,989
Commercial MSRs at fair value 255 272

NOTE 8. Other Assets and Liabilities

Lessee Operating and Finance Leases

The Company leases certain assets, consisting primarily of real estate, and assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. The following tables present additional information on leases, excluding leases related to the lease financing businesses:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) Operating Leases Finance Leases Operating Leases Finance Leases
ROU assets $ 920 $ 15 $ 1,057 $ 10
Total lease liabilities 1,220 17 1,387 12
Weighted average remaining term 5.8 years 8.2 years 6.2 years 6.6 years
Weighted average discount rate 3.2 % 5.2 % 3.1 % 5.1 %
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Operating lease costs $ 66 $ 65 $ 209 $ 204

Lessor Operating Leases

The Company’s two primary lessor businesses are equipment financing and structured real estate with income recorded in Operating lease income on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The following table presents a summary of assets under operating leases held for investment. This table excludes subleases on assets included in premises and equipment.
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Assets held under operating leases (1)(2)
$ 1,878 $ 2,160
Accumulated depreciation ( 536 ) ( 583 )
Net $ 1,342 $ 1,577
(1) Includes certain land parcels subject to operating leases that have indefinite lives.
(2) Excludes operating leases held-for-sale that totaled $ 99 million and $ 32 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance

Bank-owned life insurance consists of life insurance policies held on certain teammates for which the Company is the beneficiary. The carrying value of bank-owned life insurance was $ 7.8 billion and $ 7.7 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

32 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 9. Borrowings

The following table presents a summary of short-term borrowings:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
FHLB advances $ 14,150 $ 20,500
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 3,955 2,427
Securities sold short 2,545 1,625
Other short-term borrowings 209 276
Total short-term borrowings $ 20,859 $ 24,828

The following table presents a summary of long-term debt:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Carrying Amount Carrying Amount
Truist Financial Corporation:
Fixed rate senior notes (1)
$ 23,335 $ 19,808
Floating rate senior notes — 999
Fixed rate subordinated notes (1)(2)
1,828 1,831
Capital notes (2)
633 629
Truist Bank:
Fixed rate senior notes 2,980 4,170
Floating rate senior notes — 1,250
Fixed rate subordinated notes (2)
4,774 4,770
Floating rate FHLB advances
1,750 4,200
Other long-term debt (3)
1,470 1,261
Total long-term debt $ 36,770 $ 38,918
(1) Certain senior and subordinated notes convert from fixed to floating one year prior to maturity, and are callable within the final year of maturity at par.
(2) Subordinated and capital notes with a remaining maturity of one year or greater qualify under the risk-based capital guidelines as Tier 2 supplementary capital, subject to certain limitations.
(3) Includes debt associated with finance leases, tax credit investments, and other.

NOTE 10. Shareholders’ Equity

Common Stock

The following table presents total dividends declared per share of common stock:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
Cash dividends declared per share $ 0.52 $ 0.52 $ 1.56 $ 1.56

Share Repurchase Activity

In June 2024, Truist announced that the Board had authorized the repurchase of up to $ 5.0 billion of common stock beginning in the third quarter of 2024 through 2026 as part of Truist’s overall capital distribution strategy. During the third quarter of 2024, the Company repurchased $ 503 million of common stock, including excise tax, which represented 11.7 million shares, through open market repurchases. Repurchased shares revert to the status of authorized and unissued shares upon repurchase. At September 30, 2024, Truist had remaining authorization to repurchase up to $ 4.5 billion of common stock under the Board approved repurchase plan.

Preferred Stock Redemptions

On November 1, 2024, Truist announced that it will redeem all outstanding shares of its Series L Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series L Preferred Stock”) and the corresponding depositary shares representing fractional interests in the Series L Preferred Stock (“Series L Depositary Shares”) for $ 750 million.

The Series L Depositary Shares (CUSIP: 89832QAB5), each representing a 1/100th interest in a share of Series L Preferred Stock, will be redeemed simultaneously with the redemption of the Series L Preferred Stock, in each case at a redemption price of $ 1,000 per depositary share (equivalent to $ 100,000 per share of preferred stock) plus any accrued and unpaid dividends to the redemption date. All 7,500 outstanding shares of the Series L Preferred Stock and all 750,000 outstanding Series L Depositary Shares will be redeemed on the dividend payment date of December 16, 2024 .
Truist Financial Corporation 33


Regular quarterly dividends on the outstanding shares of the Series L Preferred Stock and the Series L Depositary Shares will be paid separately to holders of record as of November 8, 2024 in the customary manner. On and after the redemption date, all dividends on the shares of Series L Preferred Stock and the Series L Depositary Shares will cease to accrue.

NOTE 11. AOCI

AOCI includes the after-tax change in unrecognized net costs related to defined benefit pension and OPEB plans as well as unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, AFS securities, and HTM securities previously transferred from AFS securities.
(Dollars in millions) Pension and OPEB Costs Cash Flow Hedges AFS Securities HTM Securities Other, net Total
AOCI balance, July 1, 2023 $ ( 1,541 ) $ ( 270 ) $ ( 9,092 ) $ ( 2,468 ) $ ( 3 ) $ ( 13,374 )
OCI before reclassifications, net of tax 10 ( 268 ) ( 1,938 ) — ( 1 ) ( 2,197 )
Amounts reclassified from AOCI:
Before tax 16 17 ( 100 ) 82 — 15
Tax effect 3 4 ( 23 ) 19 — 3
Amounts reclassified, net of tax 13 13 ( 77 ) 63 — 12
Total OCI, net of tax 23 ( 255 ) ( 2,015 ) 63 ( 1 ) ( 2,185 )
AOCI balance, September 30, 2023 $ ( 1,518 ) $ ( 525 ) $ ( 11,107 ) $ ( 2,405 ) $ ( 4 ) $ ( 15,559 )
AOCI balance, July 1, 2024 $ ( 1,044 ) $ ( 528 ) $ ( 4,690 ) $ ( 2,239 ) $ ( 3 ) $ ( 8,504 )
OCI before reclassifications, net of tax ( 14 ) 426 1,146 — 1 1,559
Amounts reclassified from AOCI:
Before tax — 108 ( 104 ) 77 — 81
Tax effect — 26 ( 25 ) 18 — 19
Amounts reclassified, net of tax — 82 ( 79 ) 59 — 62
Total OCI, net of tax ( 14 ) 508 1,067 59 1 1,621
AOCI balance, September 30, 2024 $ ( 1,058 ) $ ( 20 ) $ ( 3,623 ) $ ( 2,180 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 6,883 )
(Dollars in millions) Pension and OPEB Costs Cash Flow Hedges AFS Securities HTM Securities Other, net Total
AOCI balance, January 1, 2023 $ ( 1,535 ) $ ( 78 ) $ ( 9,395 ) $ ( 2,588 ) $ ( 5 ) $ ( 13,601 )
OCI before reclassifications, net of tax ( 21 ) ( 464 ) ( 1,531 ) — 1 ( 2,015 )
Amounts reclassified from AOCI:
Before tax 49 22 ( 236 ) 234 — 69
Tax effect 11 5 ( 55 ) 51 — 12
Amounts reclassified, net of tax 38 17 ( 181 ) 183 — 57
Total OCI, net of tax 17 ( 447 ) ( 1,712 ) 183 1 ( 1,958 )
AOCI balance, September 30, 2023 $ ( 1,518 ) $ ( 525 ) $ ( 11,107 ) $ ( 2,405 ) $ ( 4 ) $ ( 15,559 )
AOCI balance, January 1, 2024 $ ( 1,079 ) $ ( 300 ) $ ( 8,778 ) $ ( 2,347 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 12,506 )
OCI before reclassifications, net of tax (1)
21 95 366 — — 482
Amounts reclassified from AOCI:
Before tax — 242 6,267 218 — 6,727
Tax effect — 57 1,478 51 — 1,586
Amounts reclassified, net of tax — 185 4,789 167 — 5,141
Total OCI, net of tax 21 280 5,155 167 — 5,623
AOCI balance, September 30, 2024 $ ( 1,058 ) $ ( 20 ) $ ( 3,623 ) $ ( 2,180 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 6,883 )
Primary income statement location of amounts reclassified from AOCI
Other expense Net interest income Securities gains (losses) and Net interest income Net interest income Net interest income
(1) Includes the impact of the remeasurement of the pension plan and the reduction of pension benefit obligations following the sale of TIH. Refer to “Note 13. Benefit Plans” for additional information.

34 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 12. Income Taxes

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the provision for income taxes was $ 271 million compared to $ 203 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, representing effective tax rates of 15.8 % and 15.5 %, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the benefit from income taxes was $ 821 million compared to a provision for income taxes of $ 794 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, representing effective tax rates of 38.1 % and 17.7 %, respectively. The higher effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was due to higher full year forecasted effective tax rate in the current year, excluding the pre-tax loss from the balance sheet repositioning of securities. The tax benefit on the pre-tax loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was driven by the discrete impact of the balance sheet repositioning of securities. The Company calculated the provision for income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date pre-tax income and adjusting for discrete items that occurred during the period.

NOTE 13. Benefit Plans

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost for defined benefit pension plans are summarized in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) Income Statement Location 2024 2023 2024 2023
Service cost (1)
Personnel expense / Net income from discontinued operations $ 69 $ 77 $ 249 $ 263
Interest cost Other expense 112 112 332 334
Estimated return on plan assets Other expense ( 235 ) ( 226 ) ( 717 ) ( 682 )
Amortization and other Other expense — 19 1 59
Net periodic (benefit) cost $ ( 54 ) $ ( 18 ) $ ( 135 ) $ ( 26 )
(1) Includes $ 4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and $ 10 million and $ 17 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, of service cost reported in net income from discontinued operations for the qualified defined benefit pension plan for employees of TIH.

Truist may make contributions to the qualified pension plans up to the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes. Truist did not make a discretionary contribution to the qualified pension plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Following the sale of TIH, Truist retained the postretirement benefit obligation for TIH employees and changed the status of TIH employees by eliminating their eligibility to earn future service credits. Changes in pension plan obligations associated with the disposal of operating segments such as TIH require the remeasurement of postretirement benefit obligations prior to the disposal, updates to pension plan assumptions inherent in valuations, and identification and recognition of valuation changes specific to the sale, including the establishment of a new periodic service cost using assumptions as of the remeasurement date. The remeasurement process of impacted pension plans included a reduction in pension benefit obligations of $ 783 million and a loss on plan assets of $ 834 million, primarily driven by an increase in the weighted average assumed discount rate from 5.12 % to 5.78 %, and a decrease in the value of plan assets by $ 508 million, primarily driven by market prices. The impact of the sale on Truist pension plans resulted in a reduction of pension benefit obligations by $ 97 million which was recorded as a reduction of AOCI. Refer to “Note 11. AOCI” for additional information.

Truist Financial Corporation 35

NOTE 14. Commitments and Contingencies

Truist utilizes a variety of financial instruments to mitigate exposure to risks and meet the financing needs and provide investment opportunities for clients. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and financial guarantees, derivatives, and other investments. Truist also has commitments to fund certain affordable housing investments and contingent liabilities related to certain sold loans.

Tax Credit and Certain Equity Investments

The following table summarizes certain tax credit and certain equity investments:
(Dollars in millions) Balance Sheet Location Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Investments in affordable housing projects and other qualified tax credits:
Carrying amount Other assets $ 7,262 $ 6,754
Amount of future funding commitments included in carrying amount Other liabilities 2,396 2,473
Lending exposure Loans and leases for funded amounts 2,106 1,981
Renewable energy investments:
Carrying amount Other assets 499 285
Amount of future funding commitments not included in carrying amount NA 810 747
SBIC and certain other equity method investments:
Carrying amount Other assets 810 758
Amount of future funding commitments not included in carrying amount NA 600 589

The following table presents a summary of tax credits and amortization expense associated with the Company’s tax credit investment activity. Activity related to the Company’s renewable energy investments, other than qualified tax credits, was immaterial.
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) Income Statement Location 2024 2023 2024 2023
Tax credits:
Investments in affordable housing projects, other qualified tax credits, and other community development investments Provision for income taxes $ 190 $ 163 $ 560 $ 480
Amortization and other changes in carrying amount:
Investments in affordable housing projects and other qualified tax credits Provision for income taxes $ 171 $ 153 $ 512 $ 451
Other community development investments Other noninterest income 3 3 8 8

Letters of Credit and Financial Guarantees

In the normal course of business, Truist utilizes certain financial instruments to meet the financing needs of clients and to mitigate exposure to risks. Such financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and certain contractual agreements, including standby letters of credit and financial guarantee arrangements.

The following is a summary of selected notional amounts of off-balance sheet financial instruments:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Commitments to extend, originate, or purchase credit and other commitments $ 212,038 $ 207,285
Residential mortgage loans sold with recourse 149 173
CRE mortgages serviced for others covered by recourse provisions 9,615 9,661
Other loans serviced for others covered by recourse and other provisions 1,816 1,032
Letters of credit 7,287 6,239

36 Truist Financial Corporation

Total Return Swaps

The Company enters into TRS transactions with third party clients, whereby a VIE purchases reference assets identified by a client. The Company financially supports the VIE’s purchases of the reference assets. Reference assets are typically fixed income instruments primarily composed of syndicated bank loans. The TRS contracts pass through interest and other cash flows on the reference assets to the third-party clients, along with exposing those clients to decreases in value on the reference assets and providing them with the rights to appreciation on the reference assets. The terms of the TRS contracts require the third party clients to post initial margin collateral, as well as ongoing variation margin as the fair values of the underlying reference assets change. The following table provides a summary of the TRS transactions with the associated VIE referenced assets, which include trading loans and bonds:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Total return swaps:
VIE assets $ 1,660 $ 1,641
Trading loans and bonds 1,418 1,572
VIE liabilities 325 50

The Company concluded that the associated VIEs should be consolidated because the Company has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits, which could potentially be significant. The activities of the VIEs are restricted to buying and selling the reference assets, and the risks/benefits of any such assets owned by the VIEs are passed to the third-party clients via the TRS contracts. For additional information on TRS contracts and the related VIEs, see “Note 16. Derivative Financial Instruments.”

Pledged Assets

Certain assets were pledged to secure municipal deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, certain derivative agreements, and borrowings or borrowing capacity, as well as to fund certain obligations related to nonqualified defined benefit and defined contribution retirement plans and for other purposes as required or permitted by law. Assets pledged to the FHLB and FRB are subject to applicable asset discounts when determining borrowing capacity. The Company has capacity for secured financing from both the FRB and FHLB and letters of credit from the FHLB. The Company’s letters of credit from the FHLB can be used to secure various client deposits, including public fund relationships. Excluding assets related to nonqualified benefit plans, the majority of the agreements governing the pledged assets do not permit the other party to sell or repledge the collateral. The following table provides the total carrying amount of pledged assets by asset type:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Pledged securities $ 38,085 $ 41,270
Pledged loans:
FRB 95,275 73,898
FHLB 71,960 67,748
Unused borrowing capacity:
FRB 73,663 55,252
FHLB 36,689 24,712

Legal Proceedings and Other Matters

Truist is routinely named as a defendant in or a party to numerous actual or threatened legal proceedings and other matters and is or may be subject to potential liability in connection with them. The legal proceedings and other matters may be formal or informal and include litigation and arbitration with one or more identified claimants, certified or purported class actions with yet-to-be-identified claimants, and regulatory or other governmental information-gathering requests, examinations, investigations, and enforcement proceedings. Claims may be based in law or equity—such as those arising under contracts or in tort and those involving banking, consumer-protection, securities, antitrust, tax, employment, and other laws—and some present novel legal theories, allegations of substantial or indeterminate damages, demands for injunctive or similar relief, and requests for fines, penalties, restitution, or alterations in Truist’s business practices. Our legal proceedings and other matters exist in varying stages of adjudication, arbitration, negotiation, or investigation and span our business lines and operations.

The course and outcome of legal proceedings and other matters are inherently unpredictable. This is especially so when a matter is still in its early stages, the damages sought are indeterminate or unsupported, significant facts are unclear or disputed, novel questions of law or other meaningful legal uncertainties exist, a request to certify a proceeding as a class action is outstanding or granted, multiple parties are named, or regulatory or other governmental entities are involved. As a result, we often are unable to determine how or when actual or threatened legal proceedings and other matters will be resolved and what losses may be incrementally and ultimately incurred. It is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters, including those described below, if unfavorable, may be material to the consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, or consolidated cash flows of Truist, or cause significant reputational consequences.

Truist Financial Corporation 37

Truist establishes accruals for legal proceedings and other matters when potential losses become probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Accruals are evaluated each quarter and may be adjusted, upward or downward, based on our best judgment after consultation with counsel and others. No assurance exists that our accruals will not need to be adjusted in the future. Actual losses may be higher or lower than any amounts accrued, possibly to a significant degree.

The Company estimates reasonably possible losses, in excess of amounts accrued, of up to approximately $ 375 million as of September 30, 2024. This estimate does not represent Truist’s maximum loss exposure, and actual losses may vary significantly. Also, the outcome of a particular matter may be one that the Company did not take into account in its estimate because the Company judged the likelihood of that outcome to be remote. In addition, the matters underlying this estimate may change from time to time. Estimated losses, like accruals, are based upon currently available information and involve considerable uncertainties and judgment.

For certain matters, Truist may be unable to estimate the loss or range of loss, even if it believes that a loss is probable or reasonably possible, until developments in the matter provide additional information sufficient to support such an estimate. These matters are not accrued for and are not reflected in the estimate of reasonably possible losses.

The following is a description of certain legal proceedings and other matters in which Truist is involved:

Bickerstaff v. SunTrust Bank

This class action case was filed in Fulton County State Court on July 12, 2010, and an amended complaint was filed on August 9, 2010. Plaintiff alleges that all overdraft fees charged to his account which related to debit card and ATM transactions are actually interest charges and therefore subject to the usury laws of Georgia. The amended complaint asserts claims for violations of civil and criminal usury laws, conversion, and money had and received, and seeks damages on a class-wide basis, including refunds of challenged overdraft fees and pre-judgment interest. On October 6, 2017, the trial court granted plaintiff’s motion for class certification and defined the class as “Every Georgia citizen who had or has one or more accounts with SunTrust Bank and who, from July 12, 2006, to October 6, 2017 (i) had at least one overdraft of $500.00 or less resulting from an ATM or debit card transaction (the “Transaction”); (ii) paid any Overdraft Fees as a result of the Transaction; and (iii) did not receive a refund of those Fees,” and the granting of a certified class was affirmed on appeal. The class seeks a return of up to $ 452 million in paid overdraft fees from the 2006 to 2017 period above, plus prejudgment interest which, based on the amount of claimed fees, was estimated to be approximately $ 423 million as of September 30, 2024. A court-ordered mediation was held on February 28, 2024, but no resolution was reached. On March 4, 2024, the trial court issued an order granting in part and denying in part Truist’s motions to amend the class definition to narrow the scope of the class, to compel arbitration against certain class members, and for summary judgment. Truist and the class separately appealed the trial court’s order to the Georgia Court of Appeals, and oral arguments were held on October 22, 2024.

Recordkeeping Matters

The SEC and CFTC requested information from various subsidiaries of the Company that conduct broker-dealer, investment adviser, and swap dealer activities regarding compliance with applicable recordkeeping requirements for business-related electronic communications. In August 2024, the subsidiaries resolved these matters with the SEC and the CFTC.

Investigation Regarding Trusts

In 2016 and 2018, the Civil Division of the U.S. DOJ issued subpoenas to a corporate predecessor of Truist Bank under the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act. These subpoenas requested documents and other information related to specified trusts for which Truist Bank serves as trustee. In October 2024, Truist Bank resolved the matter by entering into a settlement agreement with the U.S. DOJ.

FDIC Special Assessment

In November 2023, the FDIC issued a final rule to implement a special assessment to recoup losses to the DIF associated with bank failures in the first half of 2023. The assessment is based on an insured depository institution’s estimated uninsured deposits reported as of December 31, 2022. The special assessment for Truist is $ 579 million, with $ 507 million recognized in the fourth quarter of 2023 and additional adjustments of $ 72 million recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 due to changes in the estimated relevant losses to the DIF reported by the FDIC. In June 2024, the FDIC provided notification that the collection period will be extended an additional two quarters beyond the initial eight quarterly installments. The special assessment will be paid in ten quarterly installments, which began in the second quarter of 2024. The ultimate amount of expenses associated with the special assessment will also be impacted by the finalization of the losses incurred by the FDIC in the resolutions of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, which could result in additional expense.
38 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 15. Fair Value Disclosures

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received on the measurement date to sell an asset or the price paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market available to the entity in an orderly transaction between market participants, with a three-level measurement hierarchy:

• Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets
• Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets
• Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable

The following tables present fair value information for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Netting Adjustments (1)
Assets:
Trading assets:
U.S. Treasury $ 187 $ — $ 187 $ — $ —
GSE 43 — 43 — —
States and political subdivisions 692 — 692 — —
Corporate and other debt securities 1,878 — 1,878 — —
Loans 1,574 — 1,574 — —
Equity securities 404 404 — — —
Other 431 303 128 — —
Total trading assets 5,209 707 4,502 — —
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury 13,475 — 13,475 — —
GSE 365 — 365 — —
Agency MBS – residential 47,466 — 47,466 — —
Agency MBS – commercial 2,371 — 2,371 — —
States and political subdivisions 418 — 418 — —
Other 16 — 16 — —
Total AFS securities 64,111 — 64,111 — —
LHFS at fair value 1,028 — 1,028 — —
Loans and leases 13 — — 13 —
Loan servicing rights at fair value 3,499 — — 3,499 —
Other assets:
Derivative assets 1,341 1,533 1,774 4 ( 1,970 )
Equity securities 283 276 7 — —
Total assets $ 75,484 $ 2,516 $ 71,422 $ 3,516 $ ( 1,970 )
Liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Brokered time deposits $ 99 $ — $ 99 $ — $ —
Short-term borrowings:
Securities sold short 2,545 550 1,995 — —
Other liabilities:
Derivative liabilities 1,912 796 3,773 37 ( 2,694 )
Total liabilities $ 4,556 $ 1,346 $ 5,867 $ 37 $ ( 2,694 )
Truist Financial Corporation 39

December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Netting Adjustments (1)
Assets:
Trading assets:
U.S. Treasury $ 144 $ — $ 144 $ — $ —
GSE 50 — 50 — —
States and political subdivisions 760 — 760 — —
Corporate and other debt securities 1,293 — 1,293 — —
Loans 1,575 — 1,575 — —
Equity securities 181 181 — — —
Other 329 280 49 — —
Total trading assets 4,332 461 3,871 — —
AFS securities:
U.S. Treasury 10,041 — 10,041 — —
GSE 362 — 362 — —
Agency MBS – residential 51,289 — 51,289 — —
Agency MBS – commercial 2,248 — 2,248 — —
States and political subdivisions 425 — 425 — —
Non-agency MBS 2,981 — 2,981 — —
Other 20 — 20 — —
Total AFS securities 67,366 — 67,366 — —
LHFS at fair value 852 — 852 — —
Loans and leases 15 — — 15 —
Loan servicing rights at fair value 3,378 — — 3,378 —
Other assets:
Derivative assets 951 956 1,867 5 ( 1,877 )
Equity securities 360 245 115 — —
Total assets $ 77,254 $ 1,662 $ 74,071 $ 3,398 $ ( 1,877 )
Liabilities:
Short-term borrowings:
Securities sold short $ 1,625 $ 185 $ 1,440 $ — $ —
Other liabilities:
Derivative liabilities 2,597 487 4,171 24 ( 2,085 )
Total liabilities $ 4,222 $ 672 $ 5,611 $ 24 $ ( 2,085 )
(1) Refer to “Note 16. Derivative Financial Instruments” for additional discussion on netting adjustments.

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, investments totaling $ 495 million and $ 459 million, respectively, have been excluded from the table above as they are valued based on net asset value as a practical expedient. These investments primarily consist of certain SBIC funds.

The following discussion focuses on the valuation techniques and significant inputs for brokered time deposit liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. For additional information on the valuation techniques and significant inputs for Level 2 and Level 3 assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, see “Note 18. Fair Value Disclosures” of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Brokered time deposits : The Company has elected to measure certain CDs that contain embedded derivatives at fair value. This fair value election better aligns the economics of the CDs with the Company’s risk management strategies. The Company elects, on an instrument by instrument basis, whether a new issuance will be measured at fair value. The Company has classified CDs measured at fair value as level 2 instruments due to the Company’s ability to observe all significant inputs to model-derived valuations in active markets. The Company employs a discounted cash flow approach based on observable market interest rates for the term of the CD and an estimate of the Bank’s credit risk. For any embedded derivative features, the Company uses the same valuation methodologies as if the derivative were a standalone derivative, as discussed in the “Derivative assets and liabilities” section in “Note 18. Fair Value Disclosures” of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

40 Truist Financial Corporation

Activity for Level 3 assets and liabilities is summarized below:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Loans and Leases Loan Servicing Rights Net Derivatives
Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 16 $ 3,497 $ ( 31 )
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings — 151 ( 25 )
Issuances — 78 1
Sales — ( 102 ) —
Settlements — ( 87 ) 16
Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 16 $ 3,537 $ ( 39 )
Balance at July 1, 2024 $ 14 $ 3,410 $ ( 20 )
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings — ( 109 ) ( 4 )
Purchases — 230 —
Issuances — 50 17
Settlements ( 1 ) ( 82 ) ( 26 )
Balance at September 30, 2024 $ 13 $ 3,499 $ ( 33 )
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings for the period, attributable to assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2024 $ — $ ( 109 ) $ ( 15 )
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Loans and Leases Loan Servicing Rights Net Derivatives
Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 18 $ 3,758 $ ( 36 )
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings — 216 ( 47 )
Purchases — 123 —
Issuances — 218 17
Sales — ( 531 ) —
Settlements ( 2 ) ( 247 ) 27
Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 16 $ 3,537 $ ( 39 )
Balance at January 1, 2024 $ 15 $ 3,378 $ ( 19 )
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings — 3 ( 11 )
Purchases — 230 —
Issuances — 134 28
Sales — ( 2 ) —
Settlements ( 2 ) ( 244 ) ( 31 )
Balance at September 30, 2024 $ 13 $ 3,499 $ ( 33 )
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings for the period, attributable to assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2024 $ — $ 2 $ ( 23 )
Primary income statement location of realized gains (losses) included in earnings
Other income Mortgage banking income Mortgage banking income

Fair Value Option

The following table details the fair value and UPB of certain loans and time deposits that were elected to be measured at fair value:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) Fair Value UPB Difference Fair Value UPB Difference
Trading loans $ 1,574 $ 1,624 $ ( 50 ) $ 1,575 $ 1,664 $ ( 89 )
Loans and leases 13 14 ( 1 ) 15 16 ( 1 )
LHFS at fair value 1,028 1,006 22 852 828 24
Brokered time deposits 99 100 ( 1 ) — — —

Truist Financial Corporation 41

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table provides information about certain assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis still held as of period end. The carrying values represent end of period values, which approximate the fair value. These assets are considered to be Level 3 assets.
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Carrying value:
LHFS $ 6 $ 19
Loans and leases 695 840
Other 159 454

The following table provides information about valuation adjustments for certain assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The valuation adjustments represent the amounts recorded during the period regardless of whether the asset is still held at period end.
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023
Valuation adjustments:
LHFS $ ( 17 ) $ ( 40 )
Loans and leases ( 808 ) ( 428 )
Other ( 234 ) ( 198 )

LHFS with valuation adjustments in the table above consisted primarily of residential mortgages and commercial loans that were valued using market prices and measured at LOCOM. The table above excludes $ 244 million and $ 409 million of LHFS carried at cost at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, that did not require a valuation adjustment during the period. The remainder of LHFS is carried at fair value.

Loans and leases consist of larger commercial loans and leases that are collateral-dependent and other secured loans and leases that have been charged-off to the fair value of the collateral. Valuation adjustments for loans and leases are primarily recorded in the Provision for credit losses in the Consolidated Statement of Income. Refer to “Note 1. Basis of Presentation” in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional discussion of individually evaluated loans and leases.

Other includes foreclosed real estate, other foreclosed property, partnership investments, premises and equipment, OREO, and held for sale operating leases, and consists primarily of residential homes, commercial properties, vacant lots, and automobiles. Partnership investments are measured based on discounted expected future cash flows. The remaining assets are measured at LOCOM, less costs to sell.

Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value

For financial instruments not recorded at fair value, estimates of fair value are based on relevant market data and information about the instruments. Values obtained relate to trading without regard to any premium or discount that may result from concentrations of ownership, possible tax ramifications, estimated transaction costs that may result from bulk sales, or the relationship between various instruments.

An active market does not exist for certain financial instruments. Fair value estimates for these instruments are based on current economic conditions and interest rate risk characteristics, loss experience, and other factors. Many of these estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and cannot be determined with precision. Therefore, the fair value estimates in many instances cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets. In addition, changes in assumptions could significantly affect these fair value estimates. Financial assets and liabilities not recorded at fair value are summarized below:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) Fair Value Hierarchy Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
Financial assets:
HTM securities Level 2 $ 51,495 $ 43,229 $ 54,107 $ 44,630
Loans and leases HFI, net of ALLL Level 3 298,229 295,020 307,248 300,830
Financial liabilities:
Time deposits Level 2 37,853 37,769 43,561 43,368
Long-term debt Level 2 36,770 37,082 38,918 38,353

The carrying value of the RUFC, which approximates the fair value of unfunded commitments, was $ 298 million and $ 295 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

42 Truist Financial Corporation

NOTE 16. Derivative Financial Instruments

Impact of Derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

The following table presents the gross notional amounts and estimated fair value of derivative instruments employed by the Company:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
Notional Amount Fair Value Notional Amount Fair Value
(Dollars in millions) Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps hedging commercial loans $ 49,614 $ 1 $ — $ 17,673 $ — $ —
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps hedging long-term debt 9,518 — — 14,268 — —
Swaps hedging AFS securities 15,823 1 — 24,178 — —
Swaps hedging U.S. Treasury 980 — — — — —
Total 26,321 1 — 38,446 — —
Not designated as hedges:
Client-related and other risk management:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps 149,463 642 ( 1,263 ) 154,692 637 ( 1,926 )
Options 23,125 50 ( 43 ) 34,593 114 ( 106 )
Forward commitments 1,687 2 ( 6 ) 178 — ( 11 )
Other 3,495 2 ( 1 ) 3,033 — —
Equity contracts 43,013 1,842 ( 2,508 ) 39,561 1,164 ( 1,733 )
Credit contracts:
Trading assets 340 — — 100 — —
Loans and leases 325 — — 225 — —
Risk participation agreements 7,228 — ( 2 ) 7,499 — ( 3 )
Total return swaps 1,341 37 ( 4 ) 1,598 41 ( 7 )
Foreign exchange contracts 25,311 270 ( 252 ) 24,480 256 ( 256 )
Commodity 10,528 387 ( 372 ) 8,367 513 ( 503 )
Total 265,856 3,232 ( 4,451 ) 274,326 2,725 ( 4,545 )
Mortgage banking:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps 200 — — 105 — —
Options 400 1 — 400 3 —
Interest rate lock commitments 1,279 4 ( 5 ) 746 5 ( 10 )
When issued securities, forward rate agreements and forward commitments
1,826 7 ( 5 ) 1,438 12 ( 17 )
Other 101 — — 94 — —
Total 3,806 12 ( 10 ) 2,783 20 ( 27 )
MSRs:
Interest rate contracts:
Swaps 19,223 1 — 15,252 — —
Options 12,842 50 ( 136 ) 14,854 75 ( 109 )
When issued securities, forward rate agreements and forward commitments
2,744 12 ( 8 ) 933 8 —
Other 2,173 2 ( 1 ) 1,692 — ( 1 )
Total 36,982 65 ( 145 ) 32,731 83 ( 110 )
Total derivatives not designated as hedges 306,644 3,309 ( 4,606 ) 309,840 2,828 ( 4,682 )
Total derivatives $ 382,579 3,311 ( 4,606 ) $ 365,959 2,828 ( 4,682 )
Gross amounts in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Amounts subject to master netting arrangements and exchange traded derivatives
( 1,601 ) 1,601 ( 1,268 ) 1,268
Cash collateral (received) posted for amounts subject to master netting arrangements
( 369 ) 1,093 ( 609 ) 817
Net amount $ 1,341 $ ( 1,912 ) $ 951 $ ( 2,597 )

Truist Financial Corporation 43

The following table presents the offsetting of derivative instruments including financial instrument collateral related to legally enforceable master netting agreements and amounts held or pledged as collateral. U.S. GAAP does not permit netting of non-cash collateral balances in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions) 		Gross Amount Amount Offset Net Amount in Consolidated Balance Sheets Held/Pledged Financial Instruments Net Amount
Derivative assets:
Derivatives subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement $ 1,590 $ ( 1,175 ) $ 415 $ — $ 415
Derivatives not subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement 188 — 188 — 188
Exchange traded derivatives 1,533 ( 795 ) 738 — 738
Total derivative assets $ 3,311 $ ( 1,970 ) $ 1,341 $ — $ 1,341
Derivative liabilities:
Derivatives subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement $ ( 3,182 ) $ 1,899 $ ( 1,283 ) $ 150 $ ( 1,133 )
Derivatives not subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement ( 628 ) — ( 628 ) — ( 628 )
Exchange traded derivatives ( 796 ) 795 ( 1 ) — ( 1 )
Total derivative liabilities $ ( 4,606 ) $ 2,694 $ ( 1,912 ) $ 150 $ ( 1,762 )
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) 		Gross Amount Amount Offset Net Amount in Consolidated Balance Sheets Held/Pledged Financial Instruments Net Amount
Derivative assets:
Derivatives subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement $ 1,775 $ ( 1,392 ) $ 383 $ — $ 383
Derivatives not subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement 97 — 97 — 97
Exchange traded derivatives 956 ( 485 ) 471 — 471
Total derivative assets $ 2,828 $ ( 1,877 ) $ 951 $ — $ 951
Derivative liabilities:
Derivatives subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement $ ( 3,627 ) $ 1,600 $ ( 2,027 ) $ 151 $ ( 1,876 )
Derivatives not subject to master netting arrangement or similar arrangement ( 568 ) — ( 568 ) — ( 568 )
Exchange traded derivatives ( 487 ) 485 ( 2 ) — ( 2 )
Total derivative liabilities $ ( 4,682 ) $ 2,085 $ ( 2,597 ) $ 151 $ ( 2,446 )

The following table presents the carrying value of hedged items in fair value hedging relationships:
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
Hedge Basis Adjustment Hedge Basis Adjustment
(Dollars in millions) Hedged Asset / Liability Basis Items Currently Designated Discontinued Hedges Hedged Asset / Liability Basis Items Currently Designated Discontinued Hedges
AFS securities (1)(2)
$ 29,391 $ 378 $ 16 $ 51,782 $ 6 $ ( 5 )
Loans and leases 308 — 5 322 — 7
Long-term debt 30,165 ( 5 ) ( 462 ) 27,572 ( 237 ) ( 475 )
(1) The amortized cost of AFS securities was $ 34.1 billion at September 30, 2024 and $ 62.2 billion at December 31, 2023. Further, as of September 30, 2024, closed portfolios of securities hedged under the portfolio layer method have an amortized cost of $ 31.9 billion, of which $ 15.8 billion was designated as hedged. The remaining amount of amortized cost is from securities with terminated hedges where the basis adjustment is being amortized into earnings using the effective interest method over the contractual life of the security and hedges not designated under the portfolio-layer method.
(2) The decline in hedged AFS securities from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024 was due to the balance sheet repositioning in May 2024. Refer to “Note 4. Investment Securities” for additional information.

44 Truist Financial Corporation

Impact of Derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments under GAAP

No portion of the change in fair value of derivatives designated as hedges has been excluded from effectiveness testing.

The following table summarizes amounts related to cash flow hedges, which consist of interest rate contracts:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in OCI:
Commercial loans $ 557 $ ( 351 ) $ 125 $ ( 607 )
Pre-tax gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into interest expense or interest income:
Commercial Loans ( 108 ) ( 17 ) ( 242 ) ( 22 )

The following table summarizes the impact on net interest income related to fair value hedges:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Investment securities:
Amounts related to interest settlements $ 86 $ 119 $ 368 $ 282
Recognized on derivatives ( 535 ) 326 101 273
Recognized on hedged items
547 ( 323 ) ( 74 ) ( 248 )
Net income (expense) recognized (1)
98 122 395 307
Loans and leases:
Recognized on hedged items
( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )
Long-term debt:
Amounts related to interest settlements ( 71 ) ( 56 ) ( 161 ) ( 149 )
Recognized on derivatives 472 ( 319 ) 177 ( 454 )
Recognized on hedged items
( 496 ) 326 ( 244 ) 483
Net income (expense) recognized ( 95 ) ( 49 ) ( 228 ) ( 120 )
Net income (expense) recognized, total
$ 2 $ 72 $ 165 $ 185
(1) Includes $ 10 million and $ 30 million of income recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $ 12 million and $ 33 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, from securities with terminated hedges that were reclassified to HTM. The income recognized was offset by the amortization of the fair value mark.
Truist Financial Corporation 45

The following table presents information about the Company’s cash flow and fair value hedges:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Cash flow hedges:
Net unrecognized after-tax gain (loss) on active hedges recorded in AOCI $ 132 $ ( 106 )
Net unrecognized after-tax gain (loss) on terminated hedges recorded in AOCI (to be recognized in earnings through 2029)
( 152 ) ( 194 )
Estimated portion of net after-tax gain (loss) on active and terminated hedges to be reclassified from AOCI into earnings during the next 12 months
( 115 ) ( 203 )
Maximum time period over which Truist is hedging a portion of the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions excluding those transactions relating to the payment of variable interest on existing instruments
5 years 5 years
Fair value hedges:
Unrecognized pre-tax net gain (loss) on terminated hedges (1)
$ ( 100 ) $ ( 64 )
Portion of pre-tax net gain (loss) on terminated hedges to be recognized as a change in interest during the next 12 months
( 86 ) ( 60 )
(1) Includes deferred gains that are recorded in AOCI as a result of the reclassification to HTM of previously hedged securities of $ 383 million at September 30, 2024 and $ 413 million at December 31, 2023.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments under GAAP

The Company also enters into derivatives that are not designated as accounting hedges under GAAP to economically hedge certain risks as well as in a trading capacity with its clients.

The following table presents pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in income for derivative instruments not designated as hedges:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) Income Statement Location 2024 2023 2024 2023
Client-related and other risk management:
Interest rate contracts Investment banking and trading income and other income $ ( 16 ) $ 37 $ 50 $ 123
Foreign exchange contracts Investment banking and trading income and other income ( 72 ) 118 29 89
Equity contracts Investment banking and trading income and other income 34 ( 14 ) 24 ( 34 )
Credit contracts Investment banking and trading income and other income ( 9 ) ( 33 ) ( 19 ) ( 92 )
Commodity contracts Investment banking and trading income 3 3 9 20
Mortgage banking:
Interest rate contracts – residential Mortgage banking income ( 34 ) 39 ( 35 ) 61
Interest rate contracts – commercial Mortgage banking income — — — ( 1 )
MSRs:
Interest rate contracts – residential Mortgage banking income 84 ( 162 ) ( 30 ) ( 244 )
Interest rate contracts – commercial Mortgage banking income 14 ( 9 ) 7 ( 13 )
Total $ 4 $ ( 21 ) $ 35 $ ( 91 )

46 Truist Financial Corporation

Credit Derivative Instruments

As part of the Company’s corporate and investment banking business, the Company enters into contracts that are, in form or substance, written guarantees; specifically, risk participations, TRS, and credit default swaps. The Company accounts for these contracts as derivatives.

Truist has entered into risk participation agreements to share the credit exposure with other financial institutions on client-related interest rate derivative contracts. Under these agreements, the Company has guaranteed payment to a dealer counterparty in the event the counterparty experiences a loss on the derivative due to a failure to pay by the counterparty’s client. The Company manages its payment risk on its risk participations by monitoring the creditworthiness of the underlying client through the normal credit review process that the Company would have performed had it entered into a derivative directly with the obligors. At September 30, 2024, the remaining terms on these risk participations ranged from less than one year to 10 years. The potential future exposure represents the Company’s maximum estimated exposure to written risk participations, as measured by projecting a maximum value of the guaranteed derivative instruments based on scenario simulations and assuming 100% default by all obligors on the maximum value.

The Company has also entered into TRS contracts on loans and bonds. To mitigate its credit risk, the Company typically receives initial margin from the counterparty upon entering into the TRS and variation margin if the fair value of the underlying reference assets deteriorates. For additional information on the Company’s TRS contracts, see “Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies.”

The Company enters into credit default swaps to hedge credit risk associated with certain loans and leases. The Company accounts for these contracts as derivatives, and accordingly, recognizes these contracts at fair value.

The following table presents additional information related to interest rate derivative risk participation agreements and total return swaps:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Risk participation agreements:
Maximum potential amount of exposure
$ 402 $ 520
Total return swaps:
Cash and other collateral received 311 437

The following table summarizes collateral positions with counterparties:
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Dealer and other counterparties:
Cash and other collateral received from counterparties $ 489 $ 609
Derivatives in a net gain position secured by collateral received 468 735
Unsecured positions in a net gain with counterparties after collateral postings
92 126
Cash collateral posted to counterparties 1,247 960
Derivatives in a net loss position secured by collateral 1,332 1,052
Central counterparties clearing:
Cash collateral, including initial margin, posted to central clearing parties 14 14
Derivatives in a net loss position — 8
Derivatives in a net gain position 12 2
Securities pledged to central counterparties clearing 492 1,249

Truist Financial Corporation 47

NOTE 17. Computation of EPS

Basic and diluted EPS calculations are presented in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions, except per share data, shares in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders from continuing operations $ 1,333 $ 1,003 $ ( 1,623 ) $ 3,404
Net income available to common shareholders from discontinued operations 3 68 4,876 311
Net income available to common shareholders $ 1,336 $ 1,071 $ 3,253 $ 3,715
Weighted average number of common shares 1,334,212 1,333,522 1,335,812 1,331,377
Effect of dilutive outstanding equity-based awards (1)
14,917 7,052 — 7,664
Weighted average number of diluted common shares 1,349,129 1,340,574 1,335,812 1,339,041
Basic earnings from continuing operations $ 1.00 $ 0.75 $ ( 1.21 ) $ 2.56
Basic earnings from discontinued operations — 0.05 3.65 0.23
Basic EPS $ 1.00 $ 0.80 $ 2.44 $ 2.79
Diluted earnings from continuing operations $ 0.99 $ 0.75 $ ( 1.21 ) $ 2.54
Diluted earnings from discontinued operations — 0.05 3.65 0.23
Diluted EPS $ 0.99 $ 0.80 $ 2.44 $ 2.77
Anti-dilutive awards — 5,875 12,945 4,665
(1) For periods ended with a net loss available to common shareholders from continuing operations, the calculation of GAAP diluted EPS uses the basic weighted average shares outstanding.

NOTE 18. Operating Segments

Effective January 1, 2024, several business activities were realigned reflecting updates to the Company’s operating structure. First, the CB&W segment was renamed CSBB and the C&CB segment was renamed WB. Second, the Wealth business was realigned into the WB segment from the CSBB segment, representing a separate reporting unit in that segment. Third, the small business banking client segmentation was realigned into the CSBB segment from the WB segment.

Following the segment realignment, Truist operates and measures business activity across two segments: CSBB and WB, with functional activities included in OT&C. The Company’s business segment structure is based on the manner in which financial information is evaluated by management as well as the products and services provided or the type of client served.

On February 20, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the remaining stake of the common equity in TIH to an investor group, representing substantially all of the Company’s IH segment, which represented a material strategic shift for the Company, and as a result, the Company recast results for all periods presented under the discontinued operations basis of presentation. On May 6, 2024, the Company completed the sale of its remaining equity interests in TIH. TIH was the principal legal entity of the IH segment. As the operations of TIH were included in discontinued operations prior to the sale of TIH, the Company no longer presents the IH segment as one of its reportable segments. Refer to “Note 2. Discontinued Operations” for additional information related to discontinued operations.

Consumer and Small Business Banking

CSBB serves consumer and small business clients, providing deposits and payment services, credit cards, loans, and mortgages through an extensive network of branches, ATMs, digital channels, contact centers, and other channels. Lending solutions include personal and unsecured loans originated through the branch network and digital channels; indirect lending services providing a comprehensive set of technology-enabled consumer lending solutions including point-of-sale offerings for autos, recreational vehicles, outdoor power sports, outdoor power equipment, and home improvement; and real estate lending providing residential mortgages through its retail, direct, and correspondent channels, with the loans either sold in the secondary market, typically with servicing rights retained, or held in the Company’s loan portfolio, and home equity loans delivered through the branch network. CSBB also serves as an entry point for clients to access services from other businesses.

48 Truist Financial Corporation

Wholesale Banking

WB segment delivers a comprehensive suite of tailored solutions with specialized product and industry expertise delivered through local coverage of corporate, commercial, and real estate clients combined with national coverage from investment banking and CRE businesses. This segment is focused on providing core banking, cash management, payments, specialized lending, investment banking, capital markets, strategic advisory, and market-making. In addition to the services provided by Truist’s SEC registered investment advisors, Truist’s wealth professionals provide asset management, trust, brokerage, and investment-related services, institutional investment management, full-service, and online/discount brokerage products, family office services, as well as other wealth management disciplines.

Other, Treasury & Corporate

OT&C includes management of the Company’s investment securities portfolio, long-term debt, derivative instruments used for balance sheet hedging, short-term liquidity and funding activities, balance sheet risk management and most bank-owned real estate assets, as well as the Company’s functional activities such as finance, enterprise risk, legal, and enterprise technology and management, among others. Additionally, OT&C houses intercompany eliminations, including intersegment net referral fees and residual interest rate risk.

Truist promotes revenue growth through the Company’s Integrated Relationship Management approach, which is designed to deepen client relationships and bring the full breadth and depth of Truist’s products and services to meet clients’ financial needs. The objective is to provide Truist’s entire suite of products to its clients with the end goal of providing clients the best financial experience in the marketplace. Revenues of certain products and services are reflected in the results of the segment providing those products and services and are also allocated to CSBB and WB. These allocated revenues between segments are reflected as net referral fees in noninterest income and eliminated in OT&C.

The segment results are presented based on internal management methodologies that were designed to support these strategic objectives. Unlike financial accounting, there is no comprehensive authoritative body of guidance for management accounting equivalent to GAAP. The performance of the segments is not comparable with Truist’s consolidated results or with similar information presented by any other financial institution. Additionally, because of the interrelationships between the various segments, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities.

Because business segment results are presented based on management accounting practices, the transition to the consolidated results prepared under U.S. GAAP creates certain differences, which are reflected as residuals in OT&C. Business segment reporting conventions include the items as detailed below.

Segment net interest income reflects matched maturity funds transfer pricing, which ascribes credits or charges based on the economic value or cost created by assets and liabilities of each segment. Residual differences between these credits and charges are captured in OT&C.

Noninterest income includes inter-segment referral fees, as well as federal and state tax credits that are grossed up on a pre-tax equivalent basis, related primarily to certain community development investments. Recoveries for these allocations are reported in OT&C.

Corporate expense allocations, including overhead or functional expenses that are not directly charged to the segments, are allocated to segments based on various drivers (number of FTEs, number of accounts, loan balances, net revenue, etc.). Recoveries for these allocations are reported in OT&C. In the third quarter of 2024, the Company’s corporate expense allocation methodology was enhanced to allocate certain overhead or functional expenses based on actual OT&C noninterest expense performance. Prior period results have been revised for the CSBB, WB, and OT&C segments to conform to the current allocation methodology.

As a result of the methodology change, CSBB noninterest expense increased $ 43 million and $ 195 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with an off-setting decrease in OT&C noninterest expense. For the same reason, WB noninterest expense increased $ 76 million and $ 234 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with an off-setting decrease in OT&C noninterest expense.

Provision for credit losses represents net charge-offs by segment combined with an allocation to the segments for the provision attributable to each segment’s quarterly change in the ALLL. Provision for income taxes is calculated using a blended income tax rate for each segment and includes reversals of the noninterest income tax adjustments described above. The difference between the calculated provision for income taxes at the segment level and the consolidated provision for income taxes is reported in OT&C.

The application and development of management reporting methodologies is an active process and undergoes periodic enhancements. The implementation of these enhancements to the internal management reporting methodology may materially affect the results disclosed for each segment, with no impact on consolidated results. When significant changes to management reporting methodologies take place, the impact of these changes is quantified and prior period information is revised as practicable.

Truist Financial Corporation 49

The following table presents results by segment:
Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 		CSBB WB
OT&C (1)
Total
2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net interest income (expense) $ 1,344 $ 1,371 $ 2,105 $ 2,321 $ 153 $ ( 157 ) $ 3,602 $ 3,535
Net intersegment interest income (expense) 1,302 1,242 ( 460 ) ( 613 ) ( 842 ) ( 629 ) — —
Segment net interest income 2,646 2,613 1,645 1,708 ( 689 ) ( 786 ) 3,602 3,535
Allocated provision for credit losses 353 259 96 243 ( 1 ) ( 5 ) 448 497
Segment net interest income after provision 2,293 2,354 1,549 1,465 ( 688 ) ( 781 ) 3,154 3,038
Noninterest income 506 433 1,047 897 ( 70 ) 4 1,483 1,334
Amortization of intangibles 45 52 39 46 — — 84 98
Other noninterest expense 1,618 1,652 1,197 1,307 28 3 2,843 2,962
Income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations 1,136 1,083 1,360 1,009 ( 786 ) ( 780 ) 1,710 1,312
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 271 260 275 194 ( 275 ) ( 251 ) 271 203
Segment net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 865 $ 823 $ 1,085 $ 815 $ ( 511 ) $ ( 529 ) $ 1,439 $ 1,109
Identifiable assets (period end) of continuing operations $ 144,285 $ 153,412 $ 205,584 $ 212,703 $ 173,565 $ 169,119 $ 523,434 $ 535,234
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 		CSBB WB
OT&C (1)
Total
2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023
Net interest income (expense) $ 3,899 $ 4,606 $ 6,522 $ 6,869 $ 80 $ ( 470 ) $ 10,501 $ 11,005
Net intersegment interest income (expense) 3,991 3,340 ( 1,510 ) ( 1,576 ) ( 2,481 ) ( 1,764 ) — —
Segment net interest income 7,890 7,946 5,012 5,293 ( 2,401 ) ( 2,234 ) 10,501 11,005
Allocated provision for credit losses 965 756 436 787 ( 2 ) ( 6 ) 1,399 1,537
Segment net interest income after provision 6,925 7,190 4,576 4,506 ( 2,399 ) ( 2,228 ) 9,102 9,468
Noninterest income 1,513 1,496 3,010 2,724 ( 6,806 ) ( 85 ) ( 2,283 ) 4,135
Amortization of intangibles 136 158 122 139 3 — 261 297
Other noninterest expense 4,775 4,980 3,714 3,934 224 ( 90 ) 8,713 8,824
Income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations 3,527 3,548 3,750 3,157 ( 9,432 ) ( 2,223 ) ( 2,155 ) 4,482
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 846 847 749 619 ( 2,416 ) ( 672 ) ( 821 ) 794
Segment net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 2,681 $ 2,701 $ 3,001 $ 2,538 $ ( 7,016 ) $ ( 1,551 ) $ ( 1,334 ) $ 3,688
Identifiable assets (period end) of continuing operations $ 144,285 $ 153,412 $ 205,584 $ 212,703 $ 173,565 $ 169,119 $ 523,434 $ 535,234
(1) Includes financial data from business units below the quantitative and qualitative thresholds requiring disclosure.

50 Truist Financial Corporation

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

MD&A is intended to assist readers in their analysis of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and supplemental financial information. It should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements, the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q, other information contained in this document, as well as with Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

A description of certain factors that may affect our future results and risk factors is set forth in Part I, Item 1A-Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Regulatory and Supervisory Considerations

We are subject to significant regulatory frameworks that affect the products and services that we may offer and the manner in which we may offer them, the risks that we may take, the ways in which we may operate, and the corporate and financial actions that we may take. We are also subject to direct supervision and periodic examinations by various governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations that are charged with overseeing the kinds of business activities in which we engage. The regulatory and supervisory framework applicable to banking organizations is intended primarily for the protection of depositors and other customers, the DIF, the broader economy, and the stability of the U.S. financial system, rather than for the protection of shareholders and non-deposit creditors. In addition to banking laws and regulations, Truist is subject to various other laws and regulations, all of which directly or indirectly affect the operations and management of Truist and its ability to make distributions to shareholders. The descriptions below summarize certain updates to significant federal and state laws to which Truist is subject since the filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. These descriptions do not summarize all possible or proposed changes in laws or regulations and are not intended to be a substitute for the related statutes or regulatory provisions. Refer to “Regulatory and Supervisory Considerations” in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional disclosures.

In November 2023, the FDIC issued a final rule to implement a special assessment to recoup losses to the DIF associated with bank failures in the first half of 2023. The assessment is based on an insured depository institution’s estimated uninsured deposits reported as of December 31, 2022. The special assessment for Truist is $579 million, with $507 million recognized in the fourth quarter of 2023 and additional adjustments of $72 million recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 due to changes in the estimated relevant losses to the DIF reported by the FDIC. In June 2024, the FDIC provided notification that the collection period will be extended an additional two quarters beyond the initial eight quarterly installments. The special assessment will be paid in ten quarterly installments, which began in the second quarter of 2024. The ultimate amount of expenses associated with the special assessment will also be impacted by the finalization of the losses incurred by the FDIC in the resolutions of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, which could result in additional expense.

In June 2024, the FDIC adopted a final rule that significantly modified the required frequency and informational content of resolution plan submissions applicable to insured depository institutions with $50 billion or more in total assets (“IDI Resolution Plans”). As a result of the rule, Truist Bank is required to submit to the FDIC a full IDI Resolution Plan every three years and an interim supplement in the years in which a full IDI Resolution Plan is not due. The final rule introduces a new credibility standard for evaluating the adequacy of IDI Resolution Plan submissions, including increased engagement and capabilities testing. The contours of the FDIC’s application of this new credibility standard remain to be seen and may require the exercise of a meaningful degree of judgment by the FDIC. A failure by Truist Bank to satisfy the credibility standard, or any other provision of the rule, may cause the FDIC to require Truist Bank to reconsider portions of its IDI Resolution Plan or result in an enforcement action by the FDIC. The final rule was effective October 1, 2024. Truist Bank’s first interim supplement is due July 1, 2025, and its full IDI Resolution Plan submission is due July 1, 2026.

In August 2024, the FDIC and the FRB issued final joint guidance regarding resolution plans submitted by large bank holding companies (“165(d) Resolution Plans”). Truist, as a domestic triennial full filer, is required to submit a 165(d) Resolution Plan every three years alternating between full plans and targeted plans. Truist’s next full 165(d) Resolution Plan is due October 1, 2025. Truist’s 165(d) Resolution Plan is required to reflect the firm’s business operations and interconnectedness and support the goal of substantially mitigating serious adverse effects on the financial stability of the United States in the event of the firm’s failure. The agencies have proposed a rule requiring large bank holding companies to issue long-term debt that would serve as pre-positioned resolution resources in the event of a firm’s failure. When finalized and implemented, the long-term debt rule may impact Truist’s 165(d) Resolution Plan strategy.

Truist Financial Corporation 51

In July 2024, the FDIC released a proposed rule to amend its regulations under the Change in Bank Control Act, which generally provides that no person may directly or indirectly acquire control of an insured depository institution unless the person has given the appropriate federal banking agency prior notice of the proposed transaction and the agency has not disapproved it. The FDIC’s regulations contain a rebuttable presumption that the acquisition of voting securities of a holding company like Truist that directly or indirectly controls an insured state nonmember bank like Truist Bank constitutes such an acquisition of control requiring prior notice to the FDIC if, immediately after the transaction, the acquiring person will own, control, or hold with power to vote 10 percent or more of any class of voting securities of the holding company and other specified conditions are met. The proposed rule removes an explicit exemption for transactions where the FRB reviews a notice under the Change in Bank Control Act. In addition, the FDIC seeks information and comment about its approach in response to these notices, including the role played by asset managers and other institutional investors with FDIC-supervised institutions. We continue to evaluate this proposal and its potential impacts, if adopted as proposed, on the Company and Truist Bank.

In September 2024, the FDIC adopted a final statement of policy regarding its review of Bank Merger Act applications. The final policy statement addresses, among other things, the scope of transactions subject to FDIC approval, a more rigorous FDIC process for evaluating Bank Merger Act applications, and the FDIC Board's heightened expectations with respect to the Bank Merger Act’s statutory factors. As a result, Bank Merger Act applications to the FDIC will now require additional information and transactions that would result in a bank with $100 billion or more in total consolidated assets will be subject to heightened scrutiny. As a result, this new policy and heightened scrutiny will impact any merger transaction in which Truist Bank is involved.

In October 2024, the CFPB finalized a rule under the Dodd-Frank Act, which requires certain entities, including Truist and Truist Bank, to, among other things, make available to a consumer, upon request, information in its control or possession concerning the consumer financial product or service that the consumer obtained from that entity. The rule also requires data providers holding a consumer account, such as Truist Bank, to establish a developer interface satisfying certain data security specifications and other standards, through which the data provider can receive requests for, and provide, specific types of data covered by the rule in electronic, usable form to authorized third parties, including data aggregators. Data providers are prohibited from charging consumers or third parties fees for processing these consumer data requests. The rule also places certain data security, authorization, and other obligations on third parties accessing covered data from data providers, which could include Truist and Truist Bank when acting in certain capacities. The rule requires third parties to limit their collection, use, and retention of the data received to only what is reasonably necessary to provide the consumers' requested product or service, including uses that are reasonably necessary to improve the product or service. The compliance date for a data provider that is a depository institution with over $250 billion in total assets is April 1, 2026; however, the final rule is subject to ongoing litigation that could impact whether and when Truist and Truist Bank are required to comply with the rule. We continue to evaluate the final rule and the potential impacts on the Company.

Executive Overview

In the third quarter of 2024, we made considerable progress on driving revenue growth through our core banking business by adding new clients, deepening relationships with existing clients, hiring and developing talented teammates, and investing in technology and risk infrastructure while maintaining strong expense discipline. The Company expects to continue to make substantial investments in teammates, technology, and risk infrastructure while pursuing its strategic objectives, including revenue growth and expense discipline.

We also returned $1.2 billion of capital to our shareholders through common stock dividends and $500 million of common share repurchases during the third quarter of 2024. We have $4.5 billion remaining under our $5.0 billion repurchase authorization through the end of 2026.

In July 2024, we successfully completed the sale of Sterling Capital Management LLC, an asset management business. Cash proceeds and the initial gain recognized on the sale were not material.

Hurricanes Helene and Milton affected teammates and clients in many communities Truist serves. We are working closely with those impacted by these disasters and are committed to help these communities rebuild. Together, we will continue to deliver on our purpose and care for our clients, which fuel our momentum and growth.

In October 2024, our new CIO joined the Company, leading the enterprise technology team. The new CIO has over 25 years of experience across a range of technology roles, primarily in the financial services industry. Also in October 2024, consistent with heightened and evolving regulatory requirements and supervisory expectations, the Board refocused the responsibilities of the Technology Committee on technology strategy and operations and reassigned responsibility for the oversight of technology risk reporting, mitigation strategies, and initiatives to the Risk Committee.

52 Truist Financial Corporation

Financial Results

Net income available to common shareholders for the third quarter of 2024 of $1.3 billion was up 25% compared with the third quarter of 2023. On a diluted per common share basis, earnings for the third quarter of 2024 were $0.99, an increase of $0.19, or 24%, compared to the third quarter of 2023. Truist’s results of operations for the third quarter of 2024 produced an annualized return on average assets of 1.10% and an annualized return on average common shareholders’ equity of 9.1% compared to prior year returns of 0.86% and 7.5%, respectively.

Net income from continuing operations was $1.4 billion for the third quarter of 2024, compared to net income of $1.1 billion for the third quarter of 2023.

Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the third quarter of 2024 was up $65 million, or 1.8%, compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily due to the balance sheet repositioning completed during the second quarter of 2024. Net interest margin was 3.12%, up 20 basis points.

• The yield on the average total loan portfolio was 6.41%, up 16 basis points and the yield on the average securities portfolio was 2.97%, up 72 basis points, reflecting the balance sheet repositioning and higher average market interest rates.
• The average cost of total deposits was 2.08%, up 24 basis points. The average cost of short-term borrowings was 5.41%, down six basis points. The average cost of long-term debt was 5.13%, up 62 basis points. The increase in rates on deposits and other funding sources was largely attributable to the higher rate environment.

Noninterest income was up $149 million, or 11%, compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily due to higher investment banking and trading income and service charges on deposits, partially offset by lower other income.

Noninterest expense was down $133 million, or 4.3%, compared to the third quarter of 2023 due to decreases in other expense, personnel expense, restructuring charges, and the FDIC special assessment (reduction of $16 million in the third quarter of 2024) (regulatory costs), partially offset by an increase in professional services and outside processing expense. Restructuring charges decreased $36 million driven by lower severance charges. Adjusted noninterest expense, which excludes the FDIC special assessment adjustment, restructuring charges, and the amortization of intangibles, decreased $67 million, or 2.3%, compared to the earlier quarter.

The higher effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023 is due to higher full year forecasted effective tax rate in the current year, excluding the pre-tax loss from the balance sheet repositioning of securities.

Asset quality remained strong during the third quarter of 2024.

• Nonperforming loans and leases held for investment were 0.48% of loans and leases held for investment at September 30, 2024, up two basis points compared to June 30, 2024.
• Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing totaled $518 million at September 30, 2024, up one basis point as a percentage of loans and leases compared with June 30, 2024. Excluding government guaranteed loans, the ratio of loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing as a percentage of loans and leases was 0.04% at September 30, 2024, unchanged from June 30, 2024.
• The allowance for credit losses was $5.1 billion and includes $4.8 billion for the allowance for loan and lease losses and $298 million for the reserve for unfunded commitments. The ALLL ratio was 1.60%, up three basis points compared with June 30, 2024.
• The provision for credit losses was $448 million compared to $497 million for the third quarter of 2023 primarily reflecting a lower allowance build, partially offset by additional reserves related to Hurricane Helene.
• The net charge-off ratio was 55 basis points, up 4 basis points compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily driven by higher net charge-offs in the other consumer and credit card portfolios, partially offset by lower net charge-offs in the CRE portfolio.

Capital ratios remained strong during the third quarter of 2024.

• Truist’s CET1 ratio was 11.6% as of September 30, 2024, flat compared to June 30, 2024 as current quarter earnings were partially offset by dividends and share repurchases.
• Truist declared common dividends of $0.52 per share during the third quarter of 2024 and repurchased $500 million of common stock. For the third quarter of 2024, the dividend payout ratio was 52%, and the total payout ratio was 90%.
• Truist’s average consolidated LCR was 112% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the regulatory minimum of 100%.
• In November 2024, the Company announced the forthcoming redemption of all outstanding shares of its perpetual preferred stock series L and the corresponding depositary shares representing fractional interests in such series for $750 million.

Truist Financial Corporation 53

Analysis of Results of Operations

Net Interest Income and NIM

Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the third quarter of 2024 was up $65 million, or 1.8%, compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily due to the balance sheet repositioning. Net interest margin was 3.12%, up 20 basis points.

• Average earning assets decreased $22.9 billion, or 4.7%, primarily due to a decrease in average securities of $19.0 billion, or 14%, and a decline in average total loans of $15.3 billion, or 4.8%, partially offset by growth in other earning assets of $10.4 billion, or 36%. The decrease in average securities and increase in average other earning assets primarily reflects the balance sheet repositioning.
• The yield on the average total loan portfolio was 6.41%, up 16 basis points and the yield on the average securities portfolio was 2.97%, up 72 basis points, reflecting the balance sheet repositioning and higher average market interest rates.
• Average deposits decreased $16.7 billion, or 4.2%, average short-term borrowings decreased $4.1 billion, or 17%, and average long-term debt decreased $8.0 billion, or 19%.
• The average cost of total deposits was 2.08%, up 24 basis points. The average cost of short-term borrowings was 5.41%, down six basis points. The average cost of long-term debt was 5.13%, up 62 basis points. The increase in rates on deposits and other funding sources was largely attributable to the higher rate environment.

Taxable-equivalent net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was down $505 million, or 4.5%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 primarily due to higher funding costs and lower earning assets, partially offset by the balance sheet repositioning. Net interest margin was 3.01%, up two basis points compared to the prior period.

• Average earning assets decreased $25.9 billion, or 5.2%, compared to the prior period primarily due to declines in average total loans of $18.0 billion, or 5.5%, and average securities of $15.2 billion, or 11%, partially offset by an increase in other earning assets of $6.8 billion, or 23%. The change in average securities was driven by maturities and the balance sheet repositioning. The change in other earning assets (increase in balances held at the Federal Reserve) was driven by the balance sheet repositioning.
• The yield on the average total loan portfolio was 6.41% for 2024, up 37 basis points, compared to the prior period primarily reflecting higher market interest rates. The yield on the average securities portfolio was 2.72% for 2024, up 54 basis points compared to the prior period, reflecting the balance sheet repositioning and higher market interest rates.
• Average deposits decreased $15.9 billion, or 4.0%, average short-term borrowings were flat, and average long-term debt decreased $15.1 billion, or 29% due to decreased funding needs.
• The average cost of total deposits was 2.07% for 2024, up 57 basis points compared to the prior period. The average cost of short-term borrowings was 5.55% for 2024, up 42 basis points compared to the prior period. The average cost on long-term debt was 4.90% for 2024, up 49 basis points compared to the prior period. The increases in rates on deposits and other funding sources was largely attributable to the higher rate environment.

The major components of net interest income and the related annualized yields as well as the variances between the periods caused by changes in interest rates versus changes in volumes are summarized below.
54 Truist Financial Corporation

Table 1-1: Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income and Rate / Volume Analysis
Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)
Average Balances (1)
Annualized Yield/Rate (2)
Income/Expense (2)
Incr.
(Decr.) 		Change due to
2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Rate Volume
Assets
AFS and HTM securities at amortized cost:
U.S. Treasury $ 12,986 $ 10,886 4.65 % 1.27 % $ 151 $ 34 $ 117 $ 109 $ 8
GSE 377 339 3.41 2.92 4 3 1 1 —
Agency MBS 103,374 120,717 2.75 2.32 711 701 10 119 (109)
States and political subdivisions 417 423 4.14 4.12 3 4 (1) — (1)
Non-agency MBS — 3,781 — 2.33 — 22 (22) (11) (11)
Other 18 20 5.18 5.55 1 1 — — —
Total securities 117,172 136,166 2.97 2.25 870 765 105 218 (113)
Interest earning trading assets 5,454 4,380 6.05 6.91 84 76 8 (10) 18
Other earning assets (3)
38,933 28,574 5.54 5.74 549 413 136 (14) 150
Loans and leases, net of unearned income:
Commercial and industrial 154,102 164,022 6.41 6.50 2,482 2,686 (204) (38) (166)
CRE 21,481 22,812 6.88 6.85 373 396 (23) 2 (25)
Commercial Construction 7,870 6,194 7.79 7.83 152 120 32 (1) 33
Residential mortgage 53,999 56,135 3.89 3.79 525 532 (7) 14 (21)
Home equity 9,703 10,243 8.04 7.61 196 196 — 11 (11)
Indirect auto 22,121 24,872 7.18 6.16 399 386 13 59 (46)
Other consumer 29,015 28,963 8.26 7.43 603 542 61 60 1
Student — — — — — 1 (1) — (1)
Credit card 4,874 4,875 12.20 11.62 150 143 7 7 —
Total loans and leases HFI 303,165 318,116 6.41 6.25 4,880 5,002 (122) 114 (236)
LHFS 1,413 1,765 6.49 6.20 24 28 (4) 1 (5)
Total loans and leases 304,578 319,881 6.41 6.25 4,904 5,030 (126) 115 (241)
Total earning assets 466,137 489,001 5.47 5.11 6,407 6,284 123 309 (186)
Nonearning assets 53,278 50,968
Assets of discontinued operations — 7,735
Total assets $ 519,415 $ 547,704
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-checking $ 103,899 $ 101,252 2.80 2.40 732 611 121 105 16
Money market and savings 136,639 139,961 2.66 2.35 914 829 85 105 (20)
Time deposits 37,726 40,920 3.88 4.05 368 418 (50) (17) (33)
Total interest-bearing deposits 278,264 282,133 2.88 2.61 2,014 1,858 156 193 (37)
Short-term borrowings 20,781 24,894 5.41 5.47 282 343 (61) (4) (57)
Long-term debt 35,318 43,353 5.13 4.51 454 491 (37) 62 (99)
Total interest-bearing liabilities 334,363 350,380 3.27 3.05 2,750 2,692 58 251 (193)
Noninterest-bearing deposits 106,080 118,905
Other liabilities 13,631 11,699
Liabilities of discontinued operations — 3,408
Shareholders’ equity 65,341 63,312
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 519,415 $ 547,704
Average interest-rate spread 2.20 % 2.06 %
NIM/net interest income - taxable equivalent 3.12 % 2.92 % $ 3,657 $ 3,592 $ 65 $ 58 $ 7
Taxable-equivalent adjustment $ 55 $ 57
Memo: Total deposits $ 384,344 $ 401,038 2.08 % 1.84 % $ 2,014 $ 1,858 $ 156
(1) Represents daily average balances. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are included in nonearning assets. Active hedge basis adjustments for fair value hedges are included in nonearning assets and other liabilities. In the third quarter of 2024, Truist revised its presentation of active hedge basis adjustments for fair value hedges on securities to be included in nonearning assets for all periods presented.
(2) Yields are stated on a TE basis utilizing a federal tax rate of 21%. Interest income includes certain fees, deferred costs, and dividends. The change in interest not solely due to changes in rate or volume has been allocated based on the pro-rata absolute dollar amount of each.
(3) Includes cash equivalents, interest-bearing deposits with banks, FHLB stock, and other earning assets.
Truist Financial Corporation 55

Table 1-2: Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income and Rate / Volume Analysis
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)
Average Balances (1)
Annualized Yield/Rate (2)
Income/Expense (2)
Incr.
(Decr.) 		Change due to
2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Rate Volume
Assets
AFS and HTM securities at amortized cost:
U.S. Treasury $ 11,332 $ 11,039 3.41 % 1.14 % $ 289 $ 94 $ 195 $ 192 $ 3
GSE 383 334 3.36 2.83 10 8 2 1 1
Agency MBS 109,654 123,060 2.63 2.26 2,166 2,085 81 321 (240)
States and political subdivisions 419 424 4.14 4.12 12 13 (1) — (1)
Non-agency MBS 1,712 3,846 2.85 2.33 37 67 (30) 13 (43)
Other 18 23 5.28 5.34 1 1 — — —
Total securities 123,518 138,726 2.72 2.18 2,515 2,268 247 527 (280)
Interest earning trading assets 5,272 4,759 6.21 6.54 247 234 13 (12) 25
Other earning assets (3)
36,261 29,463 5.58 5.13 1,536 1,143 393 108 285
Loans and leases, net of unearned income:
Commercial and industrial 156,501 165,231 6.49 6.26 7,604 7,732 (128) 283 (411)
CRE 21,948 22,736 6.92 6.64 1,143 1,135 8 48 (40)
Commercial Construction 7,551 5,994 7.82 7.54 436 332 104 13 91
Residential mortgage 54,518 56,291 3.86 3.76 1,578 1,589 (11) 41 (52)
Home equity 9,812 10,483 7.99 7.22 587 566 21 59 (38)
Indirect auto 22,170 26,381 6.94 5.99 1,152 1,182 (30) 173 (203)
Other consumer 28,545 28,242 8.17 7.10 1,745 1,500 245 229 16
Student — 3,280 — 6.92 — 170 (170) (85) (85)
Credit card 4,900 4,836 12.10 11.51 444 416 28 22 6
Total loans and leases HFI 305,945 323,474 6.41 6.04 14,689 14,622 67 783 (716)
LHFS 1,241 1,727 6.49 6.25 61 81 (20) 3 (23)
Total loans and leases 307,186 325,201 6.41 6.04 14,750 14,703 47 786 (739)
Total earning assets 472,237 498,149 5.38 4.92 19,048 18,348 700 1,409 (709)
Nonearning assets 50,114 51,913
Assets of discontinued operations 3,396 7,612
Total assets $ 525,747 $ 557,674
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-checking $ 103,777 $ 104,053 2.73 1.99 2,123 1,549 574 578 (4)
Money market and savings 135,537 139,305 2.58 1.91 2,619 1,991 628 683 (55)
Time deposits 40,295 35,189 4.15 3.68 1,252 970 282 132 150
Total interest-bearing deposits 279,609 278,547 2.86 2.16 5,994 4,510 1,484 1,393 91
Short-term borrowings 24,329 24,317 5.55 5.13 1,010 932 78 78 —
Long-term debt 37,579 52,663 4.90 4.41 1,382 1,739 (357) 179 (536)
Total interest-bearing liabilities 341,517 355,527 3.28 2.70 8,386 7,181 1,205 1,650 (445)
Noninterest-bearing deposits 107,529 124,533
Other liabilities 13,278 11,265
Liabilities of discontinued operations 1,401 3,181
Shareholders’ equity 62,022 63,168
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 525,747 $ 557,674
Average interest-rate spread 2.10 % 2.22 %
NIM/net interest income - taxable equivalent 3.01 % 2.99 % $ 10,662 $ 11,167 $ (505) $ (241) $ (264)
Taxable-equivalent adjustment $ 161 $ 162
Memo: Total deposits $ 387,138 $ 403,080 2.07 % 1.50 % $ 5,994 $ 4,510 $ 1,484
(1) Represents daily average balances. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are included in nonearning assets. Active hedge basis adjustments for fair value hedges are included in nonearning assets and other liabilities. In the third quarter of 2024, Truist revised its presentation of active hedge basis adjustments for fair value hedges on securities to be included in nonearning assets for all periods presented.
(2) Yields are stated on a TE basis utilizing a federal tax rate of 21%. Interest income includes certain fees, deferred costs, and dividends. The change in interest not solely due to changes in rate or volume has been allocated based on the pro-rata absolute dollar amount of each.
(3) Includes cash equivalents, interest-bearing deposits with banks, FHLB stock, and other earning assets.
56 Truist Financial Corporation

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses was $448 million compared to $497 million for the third quarter of 2023. The net charge-off ratio for the current quarter of 0.55% was up four basis points compared to the prior quarter.

• The decrease in the current quarter provision expense primarily reflects a lower allowance build, partially offset by additional reserves related to Hurricane Helene.
• The net charge-off ratio was up compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily driven by higher net charge-offs in the other consumer and credit card portfolios, partially offset by lower net charge-offs in the CRE portfolio.

The provision for credit losses was $1.4 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $1.5 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The net charge-off ratio for the current period of 0.59% was up 12 basis points compared to the prior period.

• The decrease in the current period provision expense primarily reflects a lower allowance build, partially offset by additional reserves related to Hurricane Helene.
• The net charge-off ratio was up compared to the prior period driven by higher charge-offs in the CRE, other consumer, credit card, and indirect auto portfolios, partially offset by lower net charge-offs in the commercial and industrial portfolio. Additionally, the prior period included $98 million of charge-offs related to the sale of the student loan portfolio.

Refer to “Note 5. Loans and ACL” for additional discussion of the ACL.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income is a significant contributor to Truist’s financial results. Management focuses on diversifying its sources of revenue to reduce Truist’s reliance on traditional spread-based interest income, as certain fee-based activities are a relatively stable revenue source during periods of changing interest rates. The following table provides a breakdown of Truist’s noninterest income:
Table 2: Noninterest Income
Three Months Ended September 30, % Change Nine Months Ended September 30, % Change
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 vs. 2023 2024 2023 2024 vs. 2023
Wealth management income $ 350 $ 343 2.0 % $ 1,067 $ 1,012 5.4 %
Investment banking and trading income 332 185 79.5 941 657 43.2
Card and payment related fees 222 238 (6.7) 676 704 (4.0)
Service charges on deposits 221 154 43.5 678 644 5.3
Mortgage banking income 106 102 3.9 315 343 (8.2)
Lending related fees 88 102 (13.7) 273 294 (7.1)
Operating lease income 49 63 (22.2) 158 194 (18.6)
Securities gains (losses) — — — (6,650) — NM
Other income 115 147 (21.8) 259 287 (9.8)
Total noninterest income $ 1,483 $ 1,334 11.2 $ (2,283) $ 4,135 (155.2)

Noninterest income was up $149 million, or 11%, compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily due to higher investment banking and trading income and service charges on deposits, partially offset by lower other income.

• Investment banking and trading income increased due to higher bond and equity originations and higher structured real estate income.
• Service charges on deposits increased due to a prior period reduction in deposit service charge fees due to client refund accruals resulting from a revision in deposit service fee protocols, partially offset by a decline as a result of continued growth of Truist One Banking.
• Other income decreased due to lower equity investment income due to gains in the third quarter of 2023, lower income from investments held for certain post-retirement benefits (which is primarily offset by lower personnel expense), and a valuation decrease for derivatives related to Visa shares, partially offset by the gain on the sale of Sterling Capital Management LLC.

Truist Financial Corporation 57

Noninterest income was down $6.4 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 primarily due to $6.7 billion of securities losses resulting from the balance sheet repositioning and lower operating lease income, other income, mortgage banking income, and card and payment related fees, partially offset by higher investment banking and trading income, wealth management income, and service charges on deposits. Excluding securities losses, noninterest income was up $232 million, or 5.6%, compared to the prior period.

• Investment banking and trading income increased due to higher bond and equity originations, structured real estate income, loan syndication fees, and merger and acquisition fees, partially offset by lower trading income.
• Wealth management income increased due to higher assets under management.
• Service charges on deposits increased due to a prior period reduction in deposit service charge fees due to client refund accruals resulting from a revision in deposit service fee protocols, partially offset by a decline as a result of continued growth of Truist One Banking.
• Operating lease income decreased due to the runoff of operating lease balances.
• Other income decreased due to lower equity investment income due to gains in 2023, and a valuation decrease for derivatives related to Visa shares, partially offset by higher derivative income and the gain on the sale of Sterling Capital Management LLC.
• Mortgage banking income decreased due to a gain on the sale of a servicing portfolio in the prior year.
• Card and payment related fees decreased due to lower interchange rates, higher rebates, and lower volumes.

Noninterest Expense

The following table provides a breakdown of Truist’s noninterest expense:
Table 3: Noninterest Expense
Three Months Ended September 30, % Change Nine Months Ended September 30, % Change
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 vs. 2023 2024 2023 2024 vs. 2023
Personnel expense $ 1,628 $ 1,669 (2.5) % $ 4,919 $ 5,042 (2.4) %
Professional fees and outside processing 336 289 16.3 922 887 3.9
Software expense 222 222 — 664 645 2.9
Net occupancy expense 157 164 (4.3) 477 499 (4.4)
Amortization of intangibles 84 98 (14.3) 261 297 (12.1)
Equipment expense 84 89 (5.6) 261 278 (6.1)
Marketing and customer development 75 70 7.1 194 207 (6.3)
Operating lease depreciation 34 43 (20.9) 108 133 (18.8)
Regulatory costs 51 77 (33.8) 288 225 28.0
Restructuring charges 25 61 (59.0) 109 165 (33.9)
Other expense 231 278 (16.9) 771 743 3.8
Total noninterest expense $ 2,927 $ 3,060 (4.3) $ 8,974 $ 9,121 (1.6)

Noninterest expense was down $133 million, or 4.3%, compared to the third quarter of 2023 due to decreases in other expense, personnel expense, restructuring charges, and the FDIC special assessment (reduction of $16 million in the third quarter of 2024) (regulatory costs), partially offset by an increase in professional services and outside processing expense. Restructuring charges decreased $36 million driven by lower severance charges. Adjusted noninterest expense, which excludes the FDIC special assessment adjustment, restructuring charges, and the amortization of intangibles, decreased $67 million, or 2.3%, compared to the earlier quarter.

• Other expense decreased due to the prior period costs associated with a revision in deposit service fee protocols, the prior period resolution of the USAA remote deposit capture patent infringement lawsuit, and lower pension amortization expense.
• Personnel expense decreased due to lower headcount across most lines of business, partially offset by higher incentives.
• Professional fees and outside processing expense increased due to higher investments in technology and risk infrastructure.

Noninterest expense was down $147 million, or 1.6%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 primarily due to a decrease in personnel expense and other expense (excluding the charitable contribution), partially offset by a $150 million charitable contribution to the Truist Foundation (other expense) in 2024 and FDIC special assessment adjustments in 2024 of $72 million (regulatory costs). Restructuring charges decreased $56 million; both periods included restructuring charges for severance charges as well as facilities optimization costs. Adjusted noninterest expenses, which exclude the charitable contribution, the amortization of intangibles, the FDIC special assessment adjustment, restructuring charges, and a small loss on the early extinguishment of debt, decreased $273 million, or 3.2%.

• Personnel expense decreased due to lower headcount across most lines of business, partially offset by higher incentives.
58 Truist Financial Corporation

• Other expense, excluding the aforementioned charitable contribution to the Truist Foundation, decreased primarily due to lower pension expense, the prior period costs associated with a revision in deposit service fee protocols, and the prior period resolution of the USAA remote deposit capture patent infringement lawsuit.
• Professional fees and outside processing expense increased due to higher investments in technology and risk infrastructure.

Restructuring Charges

The following table presents a summary of restructuring charges and the related accruals. The 2024 restructuring costs predominately reflect various initiatives, including costs for severance and other benefits and costs related to exiting facilities.
Table 4: Restructuring Accrual Activity
(Dollars in millions) Accrual at Jul 1, 2024 Expense Utilized Accrual at Sep 30, 2024 Accrual at Jan 1, 2024 Expense Utilized Accrual at Sep 30, 2024
Severance and personnel-related $ 3 $ 15 $ (17) $ 1 $ 8 $ 70 $ (77) $ 1
Occupancy and equipment — 6 (6) — — 31 (31) —
Professional services 3 2 (2) 3 — 5 (2) 3
Other — 2 (2) — — 3 (3) —
Total $ 6 $ 25 $ (27) $ 4 $ 8 $ 109 $ (113) $ 4

Segment Results

Truist operates and measures business activity across two segments: CSBB and WB, with functional activities included in OT&C. The Company’s business segment structure is based on the manner in which financial information is evaluated by management as well as the products and services provided or the type of client served.

Effective January 1, 2024, several business activities were realigned reflecting updates to the Company’s operating structure. First, the CB&W segment was renamed CSBB and the C&CB segment was renamed WB. Second, the Wealth business was realigned into the WB segment from the CSBB segment, representing a separate reporting unit in that segment. Third, the small business banking client segmentation was realigned into the CSBB segment from the WB segment.

On February 20, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the remaining stake of the common equity in TIH to an investor group, representing substantially all of the Company’s IH segment, which represented a material strategic shift for the Company, and as a result, the Company recast results for all periods presented under the discontinued operations basis of presentation. On May 6, 2024, the Company completed the sale of its remaining equity interests in TIH. TIH was the principal legal entity of the IH segment. As the operations of TIH were included in discontinued operations prior to the sale of TIH, the Company no longer presents the IH segment as one of its reportable segments. Refer to “Note 2. Discontinued Operations” for additional information related to discontinued operations.

In the third quarter of 2024, the Company’s corporate expense allocation methodology was enhanced to allocate certain overhead or functional expenses based on actual OT&C noninterest expense performance. Prior period results have been revised for the CSBB, WB, and OT&C segments to conform to the current allocation methodology.

As a result of the methodology change, CSBB noninterest expense increased $43 million and $195 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with an off-setting decrease in OT&C noninterest expense. For the same reason, WB noninterest expense increased $76 million and $234 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, with an off-setting decrease in OT&C noninterest expense.

Table 5: Net Income from Continuing Operations by Reportable Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, % Change Nine Months Ended September 30, % Change
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 vs. 2023 2024 2023 2024 vs. 2023
Consumer and Small Business Banking $ 865 $ 823 5.1 % $ 2,681 $ 2,701 (0.7) %
Wholesale Banking 1,085 815 33.1 3,001 2,538 18.2
Other, Treasury & Corporate (511) (529) (3.4) (7,016) (1,551) NM
Truist Financial Corporation $ 1,439 $ 1,109 29.8 $ (1,334) $ 3,688 (136.2)

Truist Financial Corporation 59

Consumer and Small Business Banking

CSBB net income was $865 million for the third quarter of 2024, an increase of $42 million compared to the third quarter of 2023.

• Segment net interest income increased $33 million primarily driven by higher funding credit on deposits, partially offset by lower average deposit and loan balances.
• The allocated provision for credit losses increased $94 million reflecting an allowance build compared to the earlier period and increased charge-offs in the other consumer and credit card portfolios.
• Noninterest income increased $73 million primarily due to increased service charges on deposits related to a prior period reduction in fees due to client refund accruals resulting from a revision in deposit service fee protocols as well as an increase in residential mortgage income.
• Noninterest expense decreased $41 million compared to the earlier quarter driven by lower salaries and related benefits due to reduced headcount and lower operational charge offs, partially offset by higher enterprise operations, marketing, and finance support.

CSBB average loans and leases held for investment decreased $5.6 billion, or 4.3%, for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily driven by lower loan balances within the prime auto, residential mortgage, unsecured, small business, and home equity portfolios, partially offset by growth in the Service Finance, Sheffield, and Mortgage Warehouse Lending portfolios.

CSBB average total deposits decreased $8.6 billion, or 3.9%, for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily driven by decreases in interest checking, noninterest-bearing deposits, and money market and savings, partially offset by an increase in time deposits.

Wholesale Banking

WB net income was $1.1 billion for the third quarter of 2024, an increase of $270 million compared to the third quarter of 2023.

• Segment net interest income decreased $63 million primarily due to lower deposit and loan balances combined with higher cost of deposits, partially offset by favorable loan spreads.
• The allocated provision for credit losses decreased $147 million which reflects an allowance release in the current quarter compared to an allowance build in the earlier period and lower charge-offs in the CRE portfolio.
• Noninterest income increased $150 million compared to the earlier quarter driven by higher income from structured real estate and bond and equity origination fees.
• Noninterest expense decreased $117 million compared to the earlier quarter primarily due to lower salaries expense driven by reduced headcount and lower restructuring charges as well as lower marketing and finance support charges.

WB average loans held for investment decreased $9.4 billion, or 5.0%, for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to decreases in commercial and industrial loan balances.

WB average total deposits decreased $4.8 billion, or 3.3%, for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to declines in average noninterest-bearing deposits and money market and savings, partially offset by increases in interest checking balances.

Other, Treasury & Corporate

OT&C generated a net loss of $511 million in the third quarter of 2024, compared to a net loss of $529 million in the third quarter of 2023.

• Segment net interest income increased $97 million primarily due to lower average long-term debt, balance sheet repositioning, and funding charges primarily on loans to other segments, partially offset by funding credit on deposits to other segments.
• Noninterest income decreased $74 million primarily due to an increase in tax gross-up activity offset in the Wholesale Banking segment and lower income from investments held for certain post-retirement benefits (which is primarily offset by lower employee benefits expense).
• Noninterest expense increased $25 million compared to the earlier quarter primarily due to increases in professional fees and outside processing and incentive expenses, partially offset by lower operating charge-offs, occupancy, and pension expenses.

60 Truist Financial Corporation

Nine Months of 2024 compared to Nine Months of 2023

Consumer and Small Business Banking

CSBB net income was $2.7 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, a decrease of $20 million compared to the prior year.

• Segment net interest income decreased $56 million primarily driven by lower loan and deposit balances, partially offset by higher funding credit on deposits.
• The allocated provision for credit losses increased $209 million primarily reflecting an allowance build in the current period compared to same period last year.
• Noninterest income increased $17 million primarily due to increased service charges on deposits, partially offset by lower card and payment related fees and residential mortgage banking income in the current period.
• Noninterest expense decreased $227 million primarily driven by lower personnel expenses, technology project costs, operational charge-offs, amortization of intangibles, and pension costs as well as lower restructuring charges, partially offset by higher enterprise operations, marketing, and finance support expenses.

CSBB average loans and leases held for investment decreased $10.1 billion, or 7.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year driven primarily by the sale of the student loan portfolio in the second quarter of 2023 and a decrease in indirect auto loans.

CSBB average total deposits decreased $7.8 billion, or 3.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year primarily due to decreases in average interest-bearing checking, noninterest-bearing deposits, and money market and savings, partially offset by an increase in time deposits.

Wholesale Banking

WB net income was $3.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $463 million compared to the prior year.

• Segment net interest income decreased $281 million primarily due to lower deposit and loan balances combined with higher cost of deposits, partially offset by favorable loan spreads.
• The allocated provision for credit losses decreased $351 million, which primarily reflects a larger allowance build in the earlier period.
• Noninterest income increased $286 million primarily due to increases in investment banking income across all products and income from wealth management, partially offset by lower income from strategic investments.
• Noninterest expense decreased $237 million primarily due to lower personnel, restructuring, and pension expenses as well as lower marketing and finance support expenses.

WB average loans and leases held for investment decreased $7.5 billion, or 4.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year driven by decreases in the commercial and industrial portfolio.

WB average total deposits decreased $9.5 billion, or 6.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year primarily due to decreases in average noninterest-bearing deposits and money market and savings, partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing checking balances.

Other, Treasury, and Corporate

OT&C generated a net loss of $7.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to a net loss of $1.6 billion in the prior year.

• Segment net interest income decreased $167 million due to funding credit on deposits to other segments, partially offset by funding charges primarily on loans to other segments, the balance sheet repositioning, and lower average long-term debt.
• Noninterest income decreased $6.7 billion primarily due to securities losses resulting from the balance sheet repositioning.
• Noninterest expense increased $317 million primarily driven by higher donations and contributions expense due to a charitable contribution to the Truist Foundation, higher incentive expense, lower credit from other segments for technology project support, and increased professional fees and outside processing expense, partially offset by lower occupancy and pension costs.

Truist Financial Corporation 61

Analysis of Financial Condition

Investment Activities

The securities portfolio totaled $115.6 billion at September 30, 2024, compared to $121.5 billion at December 31, 2023. U.S. Treasury, GSE, and Agency MBS represented 99.6% and 97.2% of the total securities portfolio as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The overwhelming majority of the portfolio is in agency MBS securities.

• The decrease in 2024 includes sales of $28.1 billion and maturities and paydowns of $14.0 billion, partially offset by $35.3 billion in purchases. The purchases and sales were primarily related to the balance sheet repositioning.
◦ Following the sale of TIH, which resulted in after-tax cash proceeds to Truist of approximately $10.1 billion, Truist executed a strategic balance sheet repositioning of a portion of its AFS investment securities portfolio by selling $27.7 billion of lower-yielding investment securities, resulting in an after-tax loss of $5.1 billion in the second quarter of 2024. The investment securities that were sold had a book value of $34.4 billion and a weighted average book yield of 2.80% for the remainder of 2024 including the impact of hedges and based on the Federal Funds futures curve at the time. Including the tax benefit, the repositioning generated $29.3 billion available for reinvestment.
◦ Truist invested approximately $18.7 billion of the $39.4 billion available, including the $10.1 billion after-tax proceeds from the sale of TIH, in shorter duration investment securities yielding 5.27%. The remaining $20.7 billion was invested in cash. The blended reinvestment rate on the new investment securities purchased and cash was 5.22% for the remainder of 2024 including the impact of hedges and based on the Federal Funds futures curve at the time.
• As of September 30, 2024, 43% of the investment securities portfolio was classified as held-to-maturity based on amortized cost, excluding portfolio level basis adjustments, compared to 41% at December 31, 2023.
• As of September 30, 2024, approximately 3.1% of the securities portfolio was variable rate, excluding the impact of swaps, compared to 5.7% as of December 31, 2023.
• The effective duration of the AFS securities portfolio was 5.0 years at September 30, 2024 and 6.1 years at December 31, 2023, excluding the impact of swaps, or 3.4 years at September 30, 2024 and 4.0 years at December 31, 2023, including the impact of swaps. The effective duration of the HTM securities portfolio was 7.3 years at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Lending Activities

The following table presents the composition of average loans and leases:
Table 6: Average Loans and Leases
Three Months Ended
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial $ 154,102 $ 157,043 $ 158,385 $ 160,278 $ 164,022
CRE 21,481 21,969 22,400 22,755 22,812
Commercial construction 7,870 7,645 7,134 6,515 6,194
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 53,999 54,490 55,070 55,658 56,135
Home equity 9,703 9,805 9,930 10,104 10,243
Indirect auto 22,121 22,016 22,374 23,368 24,872
Other consumer 29,015 28,326 28,285 28,913 28,963
Credit card 4,874 4,905 4,923 4,996 4,875
Total average loans and leases HFI $ 303,165 $ 306,199 $ 308,501 $ 312,587 $ 318,116

Average loans held for investment decreased $3.0 billion, or 1.0%, compared to the prior quarter.

• Average commercial loans decreased 1.7% due to a decline in the commercial and industrial portfolio.
• Average consumer loans increased 0.2% due to growth in the other consumer portfolio, partially offset by a decline in the residential mortgage portfolio.

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 53% of loans and leases HFI were variable rate.

62 Truist Financial Corporation

Asset Quality

The following tables summarize asset quality information:
Table 7: Asset Quality
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023
NPAs:
NPLs:
Commercial and industrial $ 575 $ 459 $ 512 $ 470 $ 561
CRE 302 360 261 284 289
Commercial construction 1 — 23 24 29
Residential mortgage 156 161 151 153 132
Home equity 118 123 130 122 123
Indirect auto 252 244 256 268 266
Other consumer 63 64 61 59 52
Total NPLs HFI 1,467 1,411 1,394 1,380 1,452
Loans held for sale 5 9 22 51 75
Total nonperforming loans and leases 1,472 1,420 1,416 1,431 1,527
Foreclosed real estate 3 5 4 3 3
Other foreclosed property 53 51 56 54 54
Total nonperforming assets $ 1,528 $ 1,476 $ 1,476 $ 1,488 $ 1,584
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing:
Commercial and industrial $ 5 $ 8 $ 12 $ 7 $ 15
Commercial construction — 1 — 1 —
Residential mortgage – government guaranteed 394 375 408 418 456
Residential mortgage – nonguaranteed 39 27 33 21 30
Home equity 7 7 10 11 9
Indirect auto — 1 1 2 1
Other consumer 22 19 18 21 16
Credit card 51 51 56 53 47
Total loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing $ 518 $ 489 $ 538 $ 534 $ 574
Loans 30-89 days past due and still accruing:
Commercial and industrial $ 116 $ 109 $ 158 $ 230 $ 98
CRE 10 8 21 5 28
Commercial construction 4 — — — 1
Residential mortgage – government guaranteed 305 340 286 326 293
Residential mortgage – nonguaranteed 366 392 352 313 270
Home equity 63 58 59 70 61
Indirect auto 596 592 540 669 598
Other consumer 233 214 226 271 219
Credit card 76 78 74 87 68
Total loans 30-89 days past due and still accruing $ 1,769 $ 1,791 $ 1,716 $ 1,971 $ 1,636

Nonperforming assets totaled $1.5 billion at September 30, 2024, up $52 million compared to June 30, 2024, due to an increase in the commercial and industrial portfolio, partially offset by a decline in the CRE portfolio. Nonperforming loans and leases held for investment were 0.48% of loans and leases held for investment at September 30, 2024, up two basis points compared to June 30, 2024.

Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing totaled $518 million at September 30, 2024, up one basis point as a percentage of loans and leases compared with the prior quarter due primarily to an increase in the government guaranteed residential mortgage portfolio. Excluding government guaranteed loans, the ratio of loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing as a percentage of loans and leases was 0.04% at September 30, 2024, unchanged from June 30, 2024.

Loans 30-89 days past due and still accruing totaled $1.8 billion at September 30, 2024, down $22 million, or one basis point, as a percentage of loans and leases, compared to the prior quarter primarily due to a decrease in the residential mortgage portfolio, partially offset by an increase in the other consumer portfolio.

Truist Financial Corporation 63

Problem loans include NPLs and loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing as disclosed in Table 7. In addition, for the commercial portfolio segment, loans that are rated special mention or substandard performing are closely monitored by management as potential problem loans. Refer to “Note 5. Loans and ACL” for the amortized cost basis of loans by origination year and credit quality indicator as well as additional disclosures related to NPLs.

Table 8: Asset Quality Ratios
Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023
Loans 30-89 days past due and still accruing as a percentage of loans and leases HFI
0.58 % 0.59 % 0.56 % 0.63 % 0.52 %
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing as a percentage of loans and leases HFI
0.17 0.16 0.18 0.17 0.18
NPLs as a percentage of loans and leases HFI
0.48 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.46
NPLs as a percentage of total loans and leases (1)
0.48 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.48
NPAs as a percentage of:
Total assets (1)
0.29 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.29
Loans and leases HFI plus foreclosed property
0.50 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.48
ALLL as a percentage of loans and leases HFI
1.60 1.57 1.56 1.54 1.49
Ratio of ALLL to NPLs
3.3x 3.4x 3.4x 3.5x 3.2x
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing as a percentage of loans and leases HFI, excluding government guaranteed (2)
0.04 % 0.04 % 0.04 % 0.04 % 0.04 %
(1) Includes LHFS.
(2) This asset quality ratio has been adjusted to remove the impact of government guaranteed loans. Management believes the inclusion of such assets in this asset quality ratio results in distortion of this ratio because collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured, or the ratio might not be comparable to other periods presented or to other portfolios that do not have government guarantees.

Table 9: Asset Quality Ratios (Continued)
As of/For the Year-to-Date
Three Months Ended Period Ended Sept. 30
Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 2024 2023
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases HFI:
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial 0.18 % 0.18 % 0.17 % 0.23 % 0.17 % 0.17 % 0.18 %
CRE 1.12 1.67 1.73 0.83 1.31 1.51 0.68
Commercial construction (0.01) (0.05) (0.02) 0.22 (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)
Consumer:
Residential mortgage (0.01) (0.01) — (0.01) 0.05 (0.01) 0.01
Home equity (0.11) (0.03) (0.08) (0.12) (0.10) (0.07) (0.13)
Indirect auto 1.89 1.94 2.26 2.19 1.75 2.03 1.50
Other consumer 1.73 1.60 1.96 1.74 1.37 1.76 1.29
Student — — — — — — 4.40
Credit card 5.04 5.33 5.54 4.38 3.78 5.31 3.66
Total 0.55 0.58 0.64 0.57 0.51 0.59 0.47
Ratio of ALLL to net charge-offs 2.9x 2.7x 2.4x 2.7x 2.9x 2.7x 3.1x
Ratios are annualized, as applicable.

The following table presents activity related to NPAs:
Table 10: Rollforward of NPAs
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023
Balance, January 1 $ 1,488 $ 1,250
New NPAs 2,540 2,365
Advances and principal increases 397 648
Disposals of foreclosed assets (1)
(458) (449)
Disposals of NPLs (2)
(144) (132)
Charge-offs and losses (975) (708)
Payments (1,043) (1,022)
Transfers to performing status (254) (359)
Other, net (23) (9)
Ending balance, September 30 $ 1,528 $ 1,584
(1) Includes charge-offs and losses recorded upon sale of $193 million and $131 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(2) Includes charge-offs and losses recorded upon sale of $1 million and $31 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
64 Truist Financial Corporation


Commercial Credit Concentrations

Truist has established the following general practices to manage commercial credit risk:

• limiting the amount of credit that Truist may extend to a borrower;
• establishing a process for credit approval accountability;
• initial underwriting and analysis of borrower, transaction, market, and collateral risks;
• evaluating the diversity of the loan portfolio in terms of type, industry, and geographical concentration;
• ongoing servicing and monitoring of individual loans and lending relationships;
• continuous monitoring of the portfolio, market dynamics, and the economy; and
• periodically reevaluating the Company’s strategy and overall exposure as economic, market, and other relevant conditions change.

Truist continuously monitors various segments of its credit portfolios to assess potential concentration risks. Management is actively involved in the credit approval and review process, and risk acceptance criteria are adjusted as needed to reflect the Company’s risk appetite. Consistent with established risk management objectives, the Company utilizes various risk mitigation techniques, including collecting collateral and security interests, obtaining guarantees, and, to a limited extent, through the purchase of credit loss protection via third party insurance or use of credit derivatives such as credit default swaps.

In the commercial portfolio, risk concentrations are evaluated regularly on both an aggregate portfolio level and on an individual client basis. The Company manages its commercial exposure through portfolio targets, limits, and transactional risk acceptance criteria as well as other techniques, including loan syndications/participations, loan sales, collateral, structure, covenants, and other risk reduction techniques.

The following tables provide industry distribution by major types of commercial credit exposure and the geographical distribution of commercial exposures. Industry classification for commercial and industrial loans is based on the North American Industry Classification System. CRE loans are classified based on type of property. For the geographic disclosures, amounts are generally assigned to a state based on the physical billing address of the client or physical property address.

Truist Financial Corporation 65

Table 11: Commercial and Industrial Portfolio Industry and Geography
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) LHFI % of Total NPL LHFI % of Total NPL
Industry:
Finance and insurance $ 18,984 12.3 % $ 29 $ 15,526 9.7 % $ 40
Manufacturing 13,014 8.5 81 14,418 9.0 65
Retail trade 12,597 8.2 82 12,740 7.9 89
Health care and social assistance 12,285 8.0 97 12,997 8.1 46
Real estate and rental and leasing 11,929 7.7 8 12,663 7.9 16
Public administration 9,462 6.1 — 9,802 6.1 —
Wholesale trade 7,328 4.8 44 8,263 5.1 3
Information 6,783 4.4 96 8,346 5.2 —
Transportation and warehousing 4,666 3.0 46 5,703 3.5 8
Educational services 4,334 2.8 — 5,151 3.2 31
Professional, scientific, and technical services 3,972 2.6 10 4,445 2.8 26
Utilities 3,628 2.4 — 4,555 2.8 —
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 3,594 2.3 — 3,227 2.0 —
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services 3,079 2.0 1 3,716 2.3 49
Other services (except public administration) 3,070 2.0 5 3,305 2.1 1
Accommodation and food services 2,824 1.8 5 3,067 1.9 13
Other (1)
12,739 8.3 43 12,159 7.5 41
Subtotal 134,288 87.2 547 140,083 87.1 428
Business owner occupied
19,637 12.8 28 20,705 12.9 42
Total commercial and industrial $ 153,925 100.0 % $ 575 $ 160,788 100.0 % $ 470
Geography:
Florida $ 18,065 11.7 % $ 189 $ 18,947 11.8 % $ 228
Texas 14,891 9.7 67 15,374 9.6 24
North Carolina 12,051 7.8 17 12,959 8.1 11
Georgia 11,924 7.7 8 12,167 7.6 32
New York 11,321 7.4 69 10,336 6.4 3
Virginia 9,116 5.9 8 9,724 6.0 35
California 7,806 5.1 29 9,115 5.7 1
Pennsylvania 7,103 4.6 8 7,423 4.6 4
Maryland 6,545 4.3 5 6,668 4.1 6
Tennessee 5,806 3.8 59 5,852 3.6 43
South Carolina 4,213 2.7 37 4,134 2.6 1
New Jersey 3,902 2.5 2 3,754 2.3 36
Illinois 3,709 2.4 21 3,892 2.4 10
Ohio 3,101 2.0 — 3,220 2.0 6
Other (2)
34,372 22.4 56 37,223 23.2 30
Total commercial and industrial
$ 153,925 100.0 % $ 575 $ 160,788 100.0 % $ 470
(1) Represents other remaining industries that are deemed to be individually insignificant.
(2) Includes non-U.S. loans of $4.3 billion and $5.1 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The remainder represents other remaining states that are deemed to be individually insignificant.

Truist has noted that the CRE and commercial construction portfolios have the potential for heightened risk in the current environment. Truist seeks to maintain a high-quality portfolio through disciplined risk management and prudent client selection.

Truist’s CRE and commercial construction portfolios totaled $28.9 billion as of September 30, 2024, which includes 35% related to multifamily residential, 19% related to industrial, 15% related to office, 13% related to retail, and the remainder composed of hotel and other commercial real estate.

Our combined CRE and commercial construction office portfolio is primarily composed of multi-tenant, non-gateway properties located within Truist Bank’s footprint. As of September 30, 2024, approximately 97% of these properties are multi-tenant. Additionally, as of September 30, 2024, 11% and 32% of these exposures are scheduled to mature in 2024 and 2025, respectively, with the remainder scheduled to mature in 2026 and beyond.
66 Truist Financial Corporation

Table 12: CRE Portfolio Property Type and Geography
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) LHFI % of Total NPL LHFI % of Total NPL
Industry:
Multifamily $ 5,484 26.2 % $ 1 $ 5,731 25.4 % $ 3
Industrial 4,324 20.7 3 4,054 18.0 3
Retail 3,735 17.9 46 4,172 18.5 9
Office 3,686 17.6 236 4,286 19.0 264
Hotel 2,084 10.0 9 2,445 10.8 —
Other (1)
1,599 7.6 7 1,882 8.3 5
Total CRE $ 20,912 100.0 % $ 302 $ 22,570 100.0 % $ 284
Geography:
Florida $ 2,412 11.5 % $ 2 $ 2,481 11.0 % $ 5
North Carolina 2,272 10.9 8 2,726 12.1 1
Georgia 2,117 10.1 133 2,532 11.2 120
Texas 1,679 8.0 — 1,611 7.1 —
California 1,651 7.9 — 1,709 7.6 81
New York 1,512 7.2 2 1,574 7.0 3
Pennsylvania 1,384 6.6 1 1,403 6.2 —
Virginia 1,128 5.4 3 1,276 5.7 —
District of Columbia 871 4.2 — 1,043 4.6 —
Tennessee 793 3.8 1 810 3.6 1
Maryland 773 3.7 10 956 4.2 16
Other (2)
4,320 20.7 142 4,449 19.7 57
Total CRE $ 20,912 100.0 % $ 302 $ 22,570 100.0 % $ 284
(1) Represents other remaining property types that are deemed to be individually insignificant.
(2) Includes non-U.S. loans of $63 million and $73 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The remainder represents other remaining states that are deemed to be individually insignificant.

Table 13: Commercial Construction Portfolio Property Type and Geography
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) LHFI % of Total NPL LHFI % of Total NPL
Industry:
Multifamily $ 4,674 58.6 % $ — $ 3,868 57.9 % $ 23
Industrial 1,322 16.6 — 877 13.1 —
Single Family - CP 775 9.7 1 819 12.3 —
Office 608 7.6 — 634 9.5 1
Single Family - AD and CL 174 2.2 — 196 2.9 —
Other (1)
427 5.3 — 289 4.3 —
Total commercial construction $ 7,980 100.0 % $ 1 $ 6,683 100.0 % $ 24
Geography:
Georgia $ 1,210 15.2 $ — $ 1,059 15.8 $ —
Texas 1,120 14.0 — 956 14.3 23
Florida 1,029 12.9 — 741 11.1 —
North Carolina 948 11.9 1 777 11.6 —
California 466 5.8 — 512 7.7 —
Other (2)
3,207 40.2 — 2,638 39.5 1
Total commercial construction $ 7,980 100.0 % $ 1 $ 6,683 100.0 % $ 24
(1) Represents other remaining property types that are deemed to be individually insignificant.
(2) Includes non-U.S. loans of $39 million and $16 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The remainder represents other remaining states that are deemed to be individually insignificant.

See additional information on the commercial portfolios in “Note 5. Loans and ACL,” including loans by origination year and credit quality indicator.
Truist Financial Corporation 67

ACL

Activity related to the ACL is presented in the following tables:
Table 14: Activity in ACL
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 2024 2023
Balance, beginning of period (1)
$ 5,110 $ 5,100 $ 5,093 $ 4,970 $ 4,879 $ 5,093 $ 4,649
Provision for credit losses 448 451 500 572 497 1,399 1,537
Charge-offs:
Commercial and industrial (96) (83) (97) (110) (98) (276) (280)
CRE (65) (97) (103) (48) (77) (265) (118)
Commercial construction — — — (5) — — —
Residential mortgage — (1) (1) — (8) (2) (10)
Home equity (1) (3) (3) (2) (4) (7) (8)
Indirect auto (143) (136) (154) (154) (135) (433) (377)
Other consumer (152) (141) (165) (148) (120) (458) (329)
Student — — — — — — (108)
Credit card (71) (74) (77) (64) (55) (222) (159)
Total charge-offs (528) (535) (600) (531) (497) (1,663) (1,389)
Recoveries:
Commercial and industrial 26 14 32 16 28 72 54
CRE 5 5 7 — 2 17 3
Commercial construction 1 1 — 2 — 2 1
Residential mortgage 1 2 1 1 1 4 5
Home equity 4 4 5 5 7 13 18
Indirect auto 38 30 28 25 25 96 82
Other consumer 26 28 28 21 20 82 57
Credit card 9 9 9 8 9 27 27
Total recoveries 110 93 110 78 92 313 247
Net charge-offs (418) (442) (490) (453) (405) (1,350) (1,142)
Other (2)
— 1 (3) 4 (1) (2) (74)
Balance, end of period $ 5,140 $ 5,110 $ 5,100 $ 5,093 $ 4,970 $ 5,140 $ 4,970
ACL: (1)
ALLL $ 4,842 $ 4,808 $ 4,803 $ 4,798 $ 4,693
RUFC 298 302 297 295 277
Total ACL $ 5,140 $ 5,110 $ 5,100 $ 5,093 $ 4,970
(1) Excludes provision for credit losses and allowances related to other financial assets at amortized cost.
(2) 2023 includes the impact from the adoption of the Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures accounting standard.

The allowance for credit losses was $5.1 billion and includes $4.8 billion for the allowance for loan and lease losses and $298 million for the reserve for unfunded commitments. The ALLL ratio was 1.60%, up three basis points compared with June 30, 2024. The ALLL covered nonperforming loans and leases held for investment 3.3X, compared to 3.4x at June 30, 2024. At September 30, 2024, the ALLL was 2.9X annualized net charge-offs, compared to 2.7X at June 30, 2024.

68 Truist Financial Corporation

The following table presents an allocation of the ALLL. The entire amount of the allowance is available to absorb losses occurring in any category of loans and leases.
Table 15: Allocation of ALLL by Category
September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions) Amount % ALLL in Each Category % Loans in Each Category Amount % ALLL in Each Category % Loans in Each Category
Commercial and industrial $ 1,317 27.2 % 50.8 % $ 1,404 29.4 % 51.6 %
CRE 656 13.5 6.9 616 12.8 7.2
Commercial construction 216 4.5 2.6 174 3.6 2.1
Residential mortgage 196 4.0 17.8 298 6.2 17.8
Home equity 87 1.8 3.2 89 1.9 3.2
Indirect auto 962 19.9 7.4 942 19.6 7.3
Other consumer 986 20.4 9.7 890 18.5 9.2
Credit card 422 8.7 1.6 385 8.0 1.6
Total ALLL 4,842 100.0 % 100.0 % 4,798 100.0 % 100.0 %
RUFC 298 295
Total ACL $ 5,140 $ 5,093

Truist monitors the performance of its home equity loans and lines secured by second liens similarly to other consumer loans and utilizes assumptions specific to these loans in determining the necessary ALLL. Truist also receives notification when the first lien holder, whether Truist or another financial institution, has initiated foreclosure proceedings against the borrower. When notified that the first lien is in the process of foreclosure, Truist obtains valuations to determine if any additional charge-offs or reserves are warranted. These valuations are updated at least annually thereafter.

Truist has limited ability to monitor the delinquency status of the first lien, unless the first lien is held or serviced by Truist. Truist estimates credit losses on second lien loans where the first lien is delinquent based on historical experience; the increased risk of loss on these credits is reflected in the ALLL. As of September 30, 2024, Truist held or serviced the first lien on 33% of its second lien positions.

Other Assets

The components of other assets are presented in the following table:
Table 16: Other Assets as of Period End
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Tax credit and other private equity investments $ 8,665 $ 7,898
Bank-owned life insurance 7,786 7,716
Prepaid pension assets 6,707 6,563
Accrued income 2,114 2,085
Accounts receivable 1,600 997
Leased assets and related assets 1,472 1,647
DTAs, net 1,393 3,037
Derivative assets 1,341 951
Prepaid expenses 1,026 1,083
ROU assets 920 1,057
FHLB stock 780 1,198
Other 1,172 765
Total other assets $ 34,976 $ 34,997

Truist Financial Corporation 69

Funding Activities

Deposits

The following table presents average deposits:
Table 17: Average Deposits
Three Months Ended
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023
Noninterest-bearing deposits $ 106,080 $ 107,634 $ 108,888 $ 114,555 $ 118,905
Interest checking 103,899 103,894 103,537 101,722 101,252
Money market and savings 136,639 135,264 134,696 137,464 139,961
Time deposits 37,726 41,250 41,937 41,592 40,920
Total average deposits $ 384,344 $ 388,042 $ 389,058 $ 395,333 $ 401,038

Average deposits for the third quarter of 2024 were $384.3 billion, a decrease of $3.7 billion, or 1.0%, compared to the prior quarter.

Average noninterest-bearing deposits decreased 1.4% compared to the prior quarter and represented 27.6% of total deposits for the third quarter of 2024 compared to 27.7% for the second quarter of 2024. Average time deposits decreased 8.5%. Average money market and savings accounts increased 1.0%.

Borrowings

At September 30, 2024, short-term borrowings totaled $20.9 billion, a decrease of $4.0 billion compared to December 31, 2023. Average short-term borrowings were $24.3 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, representing 5.4% and 5.1% of total funding, respectively.

Long-term debt provides funding and, to a lesser extent, regulatory capital, and primarily consists of senior and subordinated notes issued by the Parent Company and Truist Bank. Long-term debt totaled $36.8 billion at September 30, 2024, a decrease of $2.1 billion compared to December 31, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company had:

• Net redemptions of $2.5 billion of floating rate FHLB advances.
• Maturities and redemptions of $4.6 billion of senior notes.
• Issuances of $4.5 billion of fixed-to-floating rate senior notes with interest rates between 5.15% and 5.71% due from January 24, 2030 to January 24, 2035.

Shareholders’ Equity

Truist’s book value per common share and TBVPS are presented in the following table:
Table 18: Book Value per Common Share
(Dollars in millions, except per share data, shares in thousands) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Common equity per common share $ 44.46 $ 39.31
Non-GAAP capital measure: (1)
Tangible common equity per common share $ 30.64 $ 21.83
Calculation of tangible common equity: (1)
Total shareholders’ equity $ 65,696 $ 59,253
Less:
Preferred stock 6,673 6,673
Noncontrolling interests — 152
Goodwill and intangible assets, net of deferred taxes 18,350 23,306
Tangible common equity $ 40,673 $ 29,122
Common shares outstanding at end of period 1,327,521 1,333,743
(1) Tangible common equity is a non-GAAP measure that excludes the impact of intangible assets, net of deferred taxes. This measure is useful for evaluating the performance of a business consistently, whether acquired or developed internally. Truist’s management uses this measure to assess balance sheet risk and shareholder value.

Total shareholders’ equity was $65.7 billion at September 30, 2024, an increase of $6.4 billion from December 31, 2023. This increase was driven by $5.6 billion in OCI and net income of $3.6 billion, partially offset by $2.4 billion in common and preferred dividends and $503 million in share repurchases, including excise taxes. For the third quarter of 2024, the dividend payout ratio was 52%, and the total payout ratio was 90%. Truist’s book value per common share at September 30, 2024 was $44.46, compared to $39.31 at December 31, 2023. Truist’s TBVPS was $30.64 at September 30, 2024, compared to $21.83 at December 31, 2023 with the increase driven by the sale of TIH.
70 Truist Financial Corporation


In November 2024, the Company announced the forthcoming redemption of all outstanding shares of its perpetual preferred stock series L and the corresponding depositary shares representing fractional interests in such series for $750 million.

Risk Management

Truist seeks to maintain a comprehensive risk management framework supported by people, processes, and systems to identify, measure, monitor, manage, and report significant risks arising from its exposures and business activities. A key objective of the Company’s risk management framework is to promote the execution of business strategies and objectives in alignment with its risk appetite.

Truist has developed a risk taxonomy designed to facilitate internal risk measurement and monitoring and help the business lines and enterprise functions assess the level of potential risk generated by their activities.

Truist is committed to fostering a culture that supports identification and escalation of risks across the organization. All teammates are responsible for upholding the Company’s purpose, mission, and values, and are encouraged to speak up if there is any activity or behavior that is inconsistent with the Company’s culture. The Truist code of ethics guides the Company’s decision making and informs teammates on how to act in the absence of specific guidance.

Truist seeks an appropriate return for the risk taken in its business operations. Risk-taking activities must be evaluated and prioritized to identify those that present attractive risk-adjusted returns, while preserving asset value and capital.

Truist’s compensation plans are designed to consider teammates’ adherence to and successful implementation of Truist’s risk values and associated policies and procedures. The Company’s compensation structure is designed to support its core values and sound risk management practices in an effort to promote judicious risk-taking behavior.

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk to current or anticipated earnings, capital, or economic value arising from changes in the market value of portfolios, securities, or other financial instruments. Market risk results from changes in the level, volatility, or correlations among financial market risk factors or prices, including interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, equity, and commodity prices.

Truist’s most significant market risk exposure is to interest rate risk in its balance sheet; however, market risk also results from underlying product liquidity risk, price risk, and volatility risk in Truist’s business units. Interest rate risk results from differences between the timing of rate changes and the timing of cash flows associated with assets and liabilities (re-pricing risk); from changing rate relationships among different yield curves affecting bank activities (basis risk); from changing rate relationships across the spectrum of maturities (yield curve risk); and from interest-related options inherently embedded in bank products (options risk).

The primary objectives of market risk management are to minimize adverse effects from changes in market risk factors on net interest income, net income, and capital, and to offset the risk of price changes for certain assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. At Truist, market risk management also includes the enterprise-wide IPV function.

Interest Rate Market Risk

As a financial institution, Truist is exposed to interest rate risk from assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet positions. Truist primarily monitors this risk through two measurement types, (i) NII at risk and (ii) economic value of equity, and manages this risk with securities, derivatives, and broader asset liability management activities.

IRR measurement is reported monthly through the ALCO. Monthly IRR reporting includes exposure and historical trends relative to risk limit scenarios, impacts to a wide range of rate scenarios, and sensitivity tests of key assumptions. IRR reporting is provided to the BRC monthly and reviews of varying IRR topics are performed quarterly.

IRR measurement is influenced by data, assumptions, and models. Due to their high sensitivity to market rates, mortgage (loan and security) prepayments leverage an industry model that results in varying prepayment speeds across rate scenarios. Prepayments for non-mortgage loans leverage a mix of dynamic models and static prepayment assumptions based on historical experience. Interest-bearing-deposit rate paid is projected to move at a ratio (deposit beta) of market rates, primarily the Federal Funds Rate, aligned to historical experience.

Truist uses derivatives to hedge interest income variability of floating rate loans and to hedge valuation changes of long-term debt and investment securities.

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NII at risk measures the change in NII under alternate interest rate scenarios relative to Truist’s baseline scenario, which incorporates Truist’s current balance sheet and off-balance sheet hedges as well as expectations for new business over the forecast horizon. Truist’s baseline scenario relies on assumptions including expectations of the economy and interest rates – which are influenced by market conditions, new business volume, pricing, and customer behavior. In measuring NII at risk, Truist assumes that changes in key factors, such as prepayments and deposit pricing (betas), largely move in line with those it has experienced in prior rate cycles. However, future behavior of key factors may vary from those used in this measurement. NII at risk measurement assumes, when applicable, that U.S. interest rates floor at zero and Truist does not take any balance sheet or hedging actions in response to the rate scenarios.

Truist evaluates a wide range of alternate scenarios including instantaneous and gradual as well as parallel and non-parallel changes in interest rates. The table below presents the estimated change to NII over the following 12 months for select parallel alternate scenarios, expressed as a percentage change relative to baseline NII.
Table 19: Interest Sensitivity Simulation Analysis
Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Up 200bps gradual change in interest rates (2.5) % (1.5) %
Up 50bps instantaneous change in interest rates (0.6) (0.4)
Down 50bps instantaneous change in interest rates
0.3 (0.1)
Down 200bps gradual change in interest rates
0.0 (0.3)

Estimated changes to NII in the table above assume no change in deposit balances or mix relative to the baseline scenario. In increasing interest rate scenarios, rotation from non-interest-bearing into interest bearing deposits would reduce NII. Conversely, in decreasing interest rate scenarios, rotation from higher yielding to lower yielding deposits would benefit net interest income. Truist performs and monitors sensitivity tests of deposit and other key assumptions used in NII risk including:

• Asset prepayment speeds
• New loan volume pricing spreads
• Interest-bearing deposit betas
• Non-interest-bearing demand deposit balance runoff, replaced by market funding

EVE measures changes in the economic value of Truist’s current balance sheet and off-balance sheet hedges under alternate rate scenarios relative to starting economic value. Truist uses EVE as a longer-term measure of interest rate risk. Truist performs and monitors sensitivity tests of key assumptions used in EVE including:

• Asset prepayment speeds
• Mortgage spreads (mortgage loan and security valuations)
• Interest-bearing deposit beta
• Deposit runoff / decay

Key assumption tests are generally performed by increasing and decreasing the assumption, whether static or dynamically modeled, relative to their respective starting values and then measuring the resulting impact to NII and EVE under baseline and alternate rate scenarios.

The identification and testing of key assumptions are influenced by market conditions and management views of key risks. The results of key assumption sensitivity tests are reported to ALCO and BRC at least quarterly. The inventory of key assumptions and their associated sensitivity tests are reviewed with ALCO and BRC at least annually.

Market Risk from Trading Activities

As a financial intermediary, Truist provides its clients access to derivatives, foreign exchange, and securities markets, which generate market risks. Trading market risk is managed using a multi-faceted risk management approach, which includes measuring risk using VaR, stress testing, and sensitivity analysis. Risk metrics are monitored against a suite of limits on a daily basis at both the trading desk level and at the aggregate portfolio level.

Truist is also subject to risk-based capital guidelines for market risk under the Market Risk Rule.

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Covered Trading Positions

Covered positions subject to the Market Risk Rule include trading assets and liabilities, specifically those held for the purpose of short-term resale or with the intent of benefiting from actual or expected short-term price movements or to lock in arbitrage profits. Truist’s trading portfolio of covered positions results primarily from market making and underwriting services for the Company’s clients, as well as associated risk mitigating hedging activity. The trading portfolio, measured in terms of VaR, consists primarily of four sub-portfolios of covered positions: (i) credit trading, (ii) fixed income securities, (iii) interest rate derivatives, and (iv) equity derivatives. As a market maker across different asset classes, Truist’s trading portfolio also contains other sub-portfolios, including foreign exchange, loan trading, and commodity derivatives; however, these portfolios do not generate material trading risk exposures.

Valuation policies and methodologies exist for all trading positions. Additionally, these positions are subject to independent price verification. See “Note 16. Derivative Financial Instruments,” “Note 15. Fair Value Disclosures,” and “Critical Accounting Policies” herein for discussion of valuation policies and methodologies.

Securitizations

As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate market value of on-balance sheet securitization positions subject to the Market Risk Rule, which were non-agency asset backed securities positions, was $127 million. Consistent with the Market Risk Rule requirements, the Company performs pre-purchase due diligence on each securitization position to identify the characteristics including deal structure and the asset quality of the underlying assets, that materially affect valuation and performance. Securitization positions are subject to Truist’s comprehensive risk management framework, which includes daily monitoring against a suite of limits. There were no off-balance sheet securitization positions during the reporting period.

Correlation Trading Positions

The trading portfolio of covered positions did not contain any correlation trading positions as of September 30, 2024.

VaR-Based Measures

VaR measures the potential loss of a given position or portfolio of positions at a specified confidence level and time horizon. Truist utilizes a historical VaR methodology to measure and aggregate risks across its covered trading positions. For risk management purposes, the VaR calculation is based on a historical simulation approach and measures the potential trading losses using a one-day holding period at a one-tail, 99% confidence level. For Market Risk Rule purposes, the Company calculates VaR using a 10-day holding period and a 99% confidence level. Due to inherent limitations of the VaR methodology, such as the assumption that past market behavior is indicative of future market performance, VaR is only one of several tools used to measure and manage market risk. Other tools used to manage market risk include stress testing, scenario analysis, and stop loss limits.

The trading portfolio’s VaR profile is influenced by a variety of factors, including the size and composition of the portfolio, market volatility, and the correlation between different positions. A portfolio of trading positions is typically less risky than the sum of the risk from each of the individual sub-portfolios, because, under normal market conditions, risk within each category partially offsets the exposure to other risk categories. The following table summarizes certain VaR-based measures for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Table 20: VaR-based Measures
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024 2023 2024 2023
(Dollars in millions) 10-Day Holding Period 1-Day Holding Period 10-Day Holding Period 1-Day Holding Period 10-Day Holding Period 1-Day Holding Period 10-Day Holding Period 1-Day Holding Period
VaR-based Measures:
Maximum $ 28 $ 10 $ 22 $ 9 $ 28 $ 12 $ 24 $ 9
Average 21 6 18 7 21 7 17 6
Minimum 12 4 15 5 12 4 10 4
Period-end 22 6 17 7 22 6 17 7
VaR by Risk Class:
Interest Rate Risk 7 6 7 6
Credit Spread Risk 9 6 9 6
Equity Price Risk 4 4 4 4
Foreign Exchange Risk 1 — 1 —
Portfolio Diversification (15) (10) (15) (10)
Period-end 6 6 6 6
Truist Financial Corporation 73


Stressed VaR-based measures

Stressed VaR, another component of market risk capital, is calculated using the same internal models as used for the VaR-based measure. Stressed VaR is calculated over a ten-day holding period at a one-tail, 99% confidence level and employs a historical simulation approach based on a continuous twelve-month historical window selected to reflect a period of significant financial stress for the Company’s trading portfolio. The following table summarizes Stressed VaR-based measures:
Table 21: Stressed VaR-based Measures - 10 Day Holding Period
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions) 2024 2023 2024 2023
Maximum $ 198 $ 130 $ 209 $ 130
Average 151 85 137 61
Minimum 114 44 69 25
Period-end 173 119 173 119

Compared to the same period of prior year, Stressed VaR measures were higher, primarily due to higher market making inventory.

Specific Risk Measures

Specific risk is a measure of idiosyncratic risk that could result from risk factors other than broad market movements (e.g., default or event risks). The Market Risk Rule provides fixed risk weights under a standardized measurement method while also allowing a model-based approach, subject to regulatory approval. Truist utilizes the standardized measurement method to calculate the specific risk component of market risk regulatory capital. As such, incremental risk capital requirements do not apply.

VaR Model Backtesting

In accordance with the Market Risk Rule, the Company evaluates the accuracy of its VaR model through daily backtesting by comparing aggregate daily trading gains and losses (excluding fees, commissions, reserves, net interest income, and intraday trading) from covered positions with the corresponding daily VaR-based measures generated by the model. As illustrated in the following graph, there were no Company-wide VaR backtesting exceptions during the twelve months ended September 30, 2024. The total number of Company-wide VaR backtesting exceptions over the preceding twelve months is used to determine the multiplication factor for the VaR-based capital requirement under the Market Risk Rule. The capital multiplication factor increases from a minimum of three to a maximum of four, depending on the number of exceptions. All Company-wide VaR backtesting exceptions are thoroughly reviewed in the context of VaR model use and performance. There was no change in the capital multiplication factor over the preceding twelve months.
12403
74 Truist Financial Corporation

Model Risk Oversight

MRO is responsible for the independent model validation of all decision models including trading market risk models. As part of ongoing monitoring efforts, the performance of all trading risk models is reviewed regularly to evaluate model performance with emerging developments in financial markets, assess evolving modeling approaches, and identify potential model enhancement.

Stress Testing

The Company uses a range of stress testing techniques to help monitor risks across trading desks and to augment standard daily VaR and other risk limits reporting. The stress testing framework is designed to quantify the impact of extreme, but plausible, stress scenarios that could lead to large, unexpected losses. Stress tests include simulations for risk factor sensitivities, historical repeats, and hypothetical scenarios with varying liquidity horizons of key risk factors. All trading positions within each applicable market risk category (interest rate risk, equity risk, foreign exchange rate risk, credit spread risk, and commodity price risk) are included in the Company’s stress testing framework. Management reviews stress testing scenarios and makes updates on an ongoing basis. Management also utilizes stress analyses to support the Company’s capital adequacy assessment standards. See the “Capital” section of MD&A for additional discussion of capital adequacy.

Liquidity

Liquidity represents the continuing ability to meet funding needs, including deposit withdrawals, repayment of borrowings and other liabilities, and funding of loan commitments. In addition to the level of liquid assets, such as cash, cash equivalents, and highly liquid unencumbered securities, other factors affect the ability to meet liquidity needs, including access to a variety of funding sources, maintaining borrowing capacity, growing core deposits, loan repayment, and the ability to securitize or package loans for sale.

Truist monitors the ability to meet client and counterparty demand for funds and collateral under both normal and stressed market conditions. In considering its liquidity position, management evaluates Truist’s funding mix based on client core funding, client rate-sensitive funding, and national markets funding. In addition, management evaluates exposure to rate-sensitive funding sources that mature in one year or less. Management also measures liquidity needs for up to one-year of stressed cash outflows for Truist and Truist Bank. Management maintains a liquid asset buffer of cash on hand and highly liquid unencumbered securities that is designed to meet projected 30 days of stressed cash outflows.

Internal Liquidity Stress Testing

Liquidity stress testing is conducted for Truist and Truist Bank using a variety of institution-specific and market-wide adverse scenarios. Each liquidity stress test scenario applies defined assumptions to execute sources and uses of liquidity over varying planning horizons. The types of expected liquidity uses during a stressed event may include deposit attrition, contractual maturities, reductions in unsecured and secured funding, and increased draws on unfunded commitments. To mitigate liquidity outflows, Truist has identified sources of liquidity; however, access to these sources of liquidity could be affected within a stressed environment.

Truist maintains a liquidity buffer of cash on hand and highly liquid unencumbered securities that is designed to meet the projected 30-day net stressed cash-flow needs. Truist’s liquidity buffer is substantially the same in composition to what qualifies as HQLA under the LCR Rule.

Contingency Funding Plan

Truist has a contingency funding plan designed to address ongoing obligations and commitments, particularly in the event of a liquidity contraction. This plan is designed to examine and quantify the organization’s liquidity under the various internal liquidity stress scenarios and is periodically tested to assess the plan’s reliability. Additionally, the plan provides a framework for management and other teammates to follow in the event of a liquidity contraction or in anticipation of such an event. The plan addresses authority for activation and decision making, liquidity options, and the responsibilities of key departments in the event of a liquidity contraction.

LCR, NSFR, and HQLA

The LCR rule requires that Truist and Truist Bank maintain an amount of eligible HQLA that is sufficient within the parameters of the rule to meet their estimated total net cash outflows over a prospective 30 calendar-day period of stress. Eligible HQLA, for purposes of calculating the LCR, is the amount of unencumbered HQLA that satisfy operational requirements of the LCR rule. Truist and Truist Bank are subject to the Category III reduced LCR requirements. Truist held average weighted eligible HQLA of $84.4 billion and Truist’s average LCR was 112% for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

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The NSFR rule defines a minimum amount of stable, long-term funding that Truist and Truist Bank maintain in relation to their asset composition and off-balance sheet activities. Truist and Truist Bank are subject to the Category III reduced NSFR requirements. At September 30, 2024, Truist was compliant with this requirement.

Sources of Funds

Management believes current sources of liquidity are sufficient to meet Truist’s on- and off-balance sheet obligations. Truist funds its balance sheet through diverse sources of funding including client deposits, secured and unsecured capital markets funding, and shareholders’ equity. Truist Bank’s primary source of funding is client deposits. Continued access to client deposits is highly dependent on public confidence in the stability of Truist Bank and its ability to return funds to clients when requested.

Truist Bank maintains a number of diverse funding sources to meet its liquidity requirements. These sources include unsecured borrowings from the capital markets through the issuance of senior or subordinated bank notes, institutional CDs, overnight and term Federal funds markets, and retail brokered CDs. Truist Bank also maintains access to secured borrowing sources including FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, and the FRB discount window. Available investment securities could be pledged to create additional secured borrowing capacity. The following table presents a summary of Truist Bank’s available secured borrowing capacity and eligible cash at the FRB:

Table 22: Selected Liquidity Sources
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Unused borrowing capacity:
FRB $ 73,663 $ 55,252
FHLB 36,689 24,712
Available investment securities (after haircuts)
72,300 74,717
Available secured borrowing capacity 182,652 154,681
Eligible cash at the FRB 34,222 25,085
Total $ 216,874 $ 179,766

At September 30, 2024, Truist Bank’s available secured borrowing capacity represented approximately 5.7 times the amount of wholesale funding maturities in one-year or less.

Parent Company

The Parent Company serves as the primary source of capital for the operating subsidiaries. The Parent Company’s assets consist primarily of cash on deposit with Truist Bank, equity investments in subsidiaries, advances to subsidiaries, and notes receivable from subsidiaries. The principal obligations of the Parent Company are payments on long-term debt. The main sources of funds for the Parent Company are dividends and management fees from subsidiaries, repayments of advances to subsidiaries, and proceeds from the issuance of equity and long-term debt. The primary uses of funds by the Parent Company are investments in subsidiaries, advances to subsidiaries, dividend payments to common and preferred shareholders, repurchases of common stock, and payments on and, from time-to-time, potential repurchases or redemptions of a portion of an outstanding tranche of the long-term debt of the Parent Company (as may be permitted by the terms of each respective series). See “Note 22. Parent Company Financial Information” in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information regarding dividends from subsidiaries and debt transactions.

Access to funding at the Parent Company is more sensitive to market disruptions. Therefore, Truist seeks to manage cash levels at the Parent Company to cover a minimum of one year of projected cash outflows which includes unfunded external commitments, debt service, common and preferred dividends, and scheduled debt maturities, without the benefit of any new cash inflows from subsidiary dividends to the Parent or capital market activity. Truist seeks to maintain a significant buffer above the projected one year of cash outflows. In determining the buffer, Truist considers cash requirements for common and preferred dividends, unfunded commitments to affiliates, serving as a source of strength to Truist Bank, and being able to withstand sustained market disruptions that could limit access to the capital markets. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Parent Company had 56 months and 48 months, respectively, of cash on hand to satisfy projected cash outflows, and 33 months and 30 months, respectively, when including the payment of common stock dividends.

76 Truist Financial Corporation

Credit Ratings

Credit ratings are forward-looking opinions of rating agencies as to the Company’s ability to meet its financial commitments and repay its securities and obligations in accordance with their terms of issuance. Credit ratings influence both borrowing costs and access to the capital markets. The Company’s credit ratings are continuously monitored by the rating agencies and are subject to change at any time. As Truist seeks to maintain high-quality credit ratings, management meets with the major rating agencies on a regular basis to provide financial and business updates and to discuss current outlooks and trends. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information regarding factors that influence credit ratings and potential risks that could materialize in the event of downgrade in the Company’s credit ratings. Changes in the Company’s credit ratings and outlooks during 2024 include:

• On May 8, 2024, Moody’s Ratings downgraded the Parent Company’s long-term senior unsecured rating to Baa1 from A3 and Truist Bank’s baseline credit assessment to a3 from a2 and long-term deposits rating to A1 from Aa3. In addition, Truist Bank’s short-term deposit rating was affirmed at Prime-1. Ratings outlooks for both the Parent Company and Truist Bank were changed to stable.

Capital

The maintenance of appropriate levels of capital is a management priority and is monitored on a regular basis. Truist’s principal goals related to the maintenance of capital are to provide adequate capital to support Truist’s risk profile consistent with the Board-approved risk appetite, provide financial flexibility to support future growth and client needs, comply with relevant laws, regulations, and supervisory guidance, achieve optimal credit ratings for Truist, for the Parent Company to remain a source of strength for the Parent Company’s subsidiaries, and provide a competitive return to shareholders. Risk-based capital ratios, which include CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital, and Total capital are calculated based on regulatory guidance related to the measurement of capital and risk-weighted assets.

Management regularly monitors the capital position of Truist on both a consolidated and bank-level basis. In this regard, management’s objective is to maintain capital at levels that are in excess of internal capital limits, which are above the regulatory “well-capitalized” minimums. Truist also regularly performs stress testing on its capital levels and is required to periodically submit the Company’s capital plans and stress testing results to the banking regulators. Management has implemented internal stress capital ratio minimums that serve as limits which are measured under internally-developed stress testing scenarios to evaluate whether capital ratios calculated under hypothetical stress, and after the effect of alternative capital actions, are likely to remain above internal stressed minimums. Breaches of internal capital limits or projected breaches of internal stress capital ratio minimums under hypothetical stress result in activation of Truist’s capital contingency plan.
Table 23: Capital Requirements
Minimum Capital Well-Capitalized
Minimum Capital Plus Stress Capital Buffer (1)
Truist Truist Bank
CET1
4.5 % NA 6.5 % 7.4 %
Tier 1 capital 6.0 6.0 % 8.0 8.9
Total capital 8.0 10.0 10.0 10.9
Leverage ratio 4.0 NA 5.0 NA
Supplementary leverage ratio 3.0 NA NA NA
(1) Reflects Truist’s SCB requirement, received in the 2023 CCAR process, of 2.9% applicable from October 1, 2023 through September 30, 2024. Beginning on October 1, 2024, through September 30, 2025, Truist will be subject to a 2.8% SCB received in the 2024 CCAR process.

Truist completed the 2024 CCAR process and received a SCB requirement of 2.8% for the period October 1, 2024 to September 30, 2025, down 10 basis points from the SCB requirement for the period October 1, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

The FRB’s capital plan rule provides that a BHC must update and resubmit its capital plan if the BHC determines there has been or will be a material change in its risk profile, financial condition, or corporate structure since it last submitted the capital plan. Truist determined that the sale of our remaining equity interests in TIH constituted such a material change and, therefore, addressed the material change in our capital plan submitted in April 2024. The capital plan rule further provides that, upon the occurrence of an event requiring resubmission, a BHC may not make any capital distribution unless it has received prior approval of the FRB pending the FRB's consideration of the capital plan resubmission and stress capital buffer requirement. In July 2024, the FRB notified Truist that Truist is no longer required to receive the FRB’s prior approval to make capital distributions in connection with the April 2024 capital plan submission.

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Truist’s capital ratios are presented in the following table:
Table 24: Capital Ratios - Truist Financial Corporation
(Dollars in millions) Sep 30, 2024 Dec 31, 2023
Risk-based: (preliminary)
CET1 11.6 % 10.1 %
Tier 1 capital 13.2 11.6
Total capital 15.3 13.7
Leverage ratio 10.8 9.3
Supplementary leverage ratio 9.1 7.9
Risk-weighted assets $ 415,188 $ 423,705

Capital ratios remained strong compared to the regulatory requirements for well capitalized banks. Truist’s CET1 ratio was 11.6% as of September 30, 2024, flat compared to June 30, 2024 as current quarter earnings were partially offset by dividends and share repurchases.

Truist declared common dividends of $0.52 per share during the third quarter of 2024 and repurchased $500 million of common stock. For the third quarter of 2024, the dividend payout ratio was 52%, and the total payout ratio was 90%.

Share Repurchase Activity

Table 25: Share Repurchase Activity
(Dollars in millions, except per share data, shares in thousands)
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
Average Price Paid Per Share (2)(3)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly Announced Plans
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased Under the Plans (3)(4)
July 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024 — $ — — $ 5,000
August 1, 2024 to August 31, 2024 9,121 42.49 9,121 4,613
September 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024 2,564 43.88 2,564 4,500
Total 11,685 $ 42.79 11,685
(1) Includes shares exchanged or surrendered in connection with the exercise of equity-based awards under equity-based compensation plans.
(2) Excludes commissions.
(3) Excludes excise taxes on share repurchases.
(4) In June 2024, Truist announced that the Board had authorized the repurchase of up to $5.0 billion of common stock beginning in the third quarter of 2024 through 2026 as part of Truist’s overall capital distribution strategy. Repurchased shares revert to the status of authorized and unissued shares upon repurchase. The share-repurchase program enables Truist to acquire shares through open-market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, including through Rule 10b5-1 plans and other programs, at the discretion of management and on terms (including quantity, timing, and price) that management determines to be advisable. Actions in connection with the share-repurchase program will be subject to various factors, including Truist's capital and liquidity positions and related internal frameworks, accounting and regulatory considerations (including any restrictions that may be imposed by the FRB and any changes to capital, liquidity, and other regulatory requirements that may be proposed or adopted by the U.S. banking agencies), Truist's financial and operational performance, alternative uses of capital, the trading price of Truist's common stock, and general market conditions. The share-repurchase program does not obligate Truist to acquire a specific dollar amount or number of shares and may be extended, modified, or discontinued at any time. At September 30, 2024, Truist had remaining authorization to repurchase up to $4.5 billion of common stock under the Board approved repurchase plan.

Critical Accounting Policies

The accounting and reporting policies of Truist are in accordance with GAAP and conform to the accounting and reporting guidelines prescribed by bank regulatory authorities. Truist’s financial position and results of operations are affected by management’s application of accounting policies, including estimates, assumptions, and judgments made to arrive at the carrying value of assets and liabilities, and amounts reported for revenues and expenses. Different assumptions in the application of these policies could result in material changes in the consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations, and related disclosures. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change include the determination of the ACL; determination of fair value for securities, MSRs, LHFS, trading loans, and derivative assets and liabilities; goodwill and other intangible assets; income taxes; and pension and postretirement benefit obligations. Understanding Truist’s accounting policies is fundamental to understanding the consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations. The critical accounting policies are discussed in MD&A in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Significant accounting policies and changes in accounting principles and effects of new accounting pronouncements are discussed in “Note 1. Basis of Presentation” in Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Disclosures regarding the effects of new accounting pronouncements are included in “Note 1. Basis of Presentation” in this report. There have been no other changes to the critical accounting policies during 2024.

78 Truist Financial Corporation

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Effective January 1, 2024, several business activities were realigned reflecting updates to the Company’s operating structure. First, the CB&W segment was renamed CSBB and the C&CB segment was renamed WB. Second, the Wealth business was realigned into the WB segment from the CSBB segment, representing a separate reporting unit in that segment. Third, the small business banking client segmentation was realigned into the CSBB segment from the WB segment. Further, TIH was the principal legal entity of the IH segment. As the operations of TIH were included in discontinued operations prior to the sale of TIH, the Company no longer presents the IH segment as one of its reportable segments. Following these realignments, the Company’s three reporting units with goodwill balances were CSBB, WB, and Wealth. Also in conjunction with these realignments, goodwill of $1.7 billion was realigned to WB from CSBB based on the relative fair value of CSBB and Wealth, and goodwill of $220 million was realigned to CSBB from WB based on the relative fair value of WB and the realigned small business banking client segmentation. In addition, the Company completed an assessment of any potential goodwill impairment for all impacted reporting units immediately prior and subsequent to the reassignments and determined that no impairment existed.

The quantitative valuations of these reporting units for purposes of realigning goodwill use the income approach and a market-based approach, each weighted at 50%. The inputs and assumptions specific to each reporting unit are incorporated in the valuations, including projections of future cash flows, discount rates, and applicable valuation multiples based on the comparable public company information. The income approach utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis of multi-year financial forecasts developed for each reporting unit by considering several inputs and assumptions such as net interest margin, expected credit losses, noninterest income, noninterest expense, and required capital. The market-based approach utilizes comparable public company information, key valuation multiples, and considers a market control premium associated with cost synergies and other cash flow benefits that arise from obtaining control over a reporting unit, and guideline transactions, when applicable.

Truist also assesses the reasonableness of the aggregate estimated fair value of the reporting units by comparison to its market capitalization over a reasonable period of time, including consideration of expected acquirer expense synergies, historic bank control premiums, and the current market.

The projection of net interest margin and noninterest expense are the most significant inputs to the financial projections of the CSBB, WB, and Wealth reporting units. The long-term growth rate used in determining the terminal value of each reporting unit was 3% as of January 1, 2024, based on management’s assessment of the minimum expected terminal growth rate of each reporting unit. Discount rates are estimated based on the Capital Asset Pricing Model, which considers the risk-free interest rate, market risk premium, beta, and unsystematic risk adjustments specific to a particular reporting unit. The discount rates are also calibrated based on risks related to the projected cash flows of each reporting unit. The discount rates utilized for the CSBB, WB and Wealth reporting units as of January 1, 2024 were 13.0%, 11.5%, and 12.5%, respectively.

The quantitative valuation of WB performed in conjunction with the goodwill realignments indicated that as of January 1, 2024, the fair value of the WB reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by less than 10%, indicating that the goodwill of the WB reporting unit may be at risk of impairment. Circumstances that could negatively impact the fair value for the WB reporting unit in the future include a sustained decrease in Truist’s stock price, a decline in industry peer multiples, an increase in the applicable discount rate, and deterioration in the reporting unit’s forecast.

The estimated fair value of a reporting unit is highly sensitive to changes in management’s estimates and assumptions; therefore, in some instances, changes in these assumptions could impact whether the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying value. The valuation of the WB reporting unit as of January 1, 2024 indicated that if the discount rate were increased less than 50 basis points, the reporting unit’s fair value would be less than its carrying value, resulting in a goodwill impairment. Ultimately, future potential changes in management’s assumptions may impact the estimated fair value of a reporting unit and cause the fair value of the reporting unit to be below its carrying value. Additionally, a reporting unit’s carrying value could change based on market conditions, change in the underlying makeup of the reporting unit, or the risk profile of those reporting units, which could impact whether the fair value of a reporting unit is less than carrying value.

The Company monitored events and circumstances during the period from January 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024, including macroeconomic and market factors, industry and banking sector events, Truist specific performance indicators, a comparison of management’s forecast and assumptions to those used in its January 1, 2024 quantitative valuations associated with the realignments of goodwill, and the sensitivity of the January 1, 2024 quantitative results to changes in assumptions as of September 30, 2024. Based on these considerations, Truist concluded that it was not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of one or more of its reporting units is below its respective carrying amount as of September 30, 2024.

Truist Financial Corporation 79

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations

Following the sale of TIH, Truist retained the postretirement benefit obligation for TIH employees and changed the status of TIH employees by eliminating their eligibility to earn future service credits. Changes in pension plan obligations associated with the disposal of operating segments such as TIH require the remeasurement of postretirement benefit obligations prior to the disposal, updates to pension plan assumptions inherent in valuations, and identification and recognition of valuation changes specific to the sale, including the establishment of a new periodic service cost using assumptions as of the remeasurement date. The remeasurement process of impacted pension plans included a reduction in pension benefit obligations of $783 million and a loss on plan assets of $834 million, primarily driven by an increase in the weighted average assumed discount rate from 5.12% to 5.78%, and a decrease in the value of plan assets by $508 million, primarily driven by market prices. The impact of the sale on Truist pension plans resulted in a reduction of pension benefit obligations by $97 million which was recorded as a reduction of AOCI.

Refer to “Note 15. Benefit Plans” in Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and “Note 13. Benefit Plans” for disclosures related to the benefit plans.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, management of the Company, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s CEO and CFO, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by the report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of Truist is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

80 Truist Financial Corporation

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Refer to the Legal Proceedings and Other Matters section in “Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies,” which is incorporated by reference into this item.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Truist’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to Truist or that management has deemed to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect Truist’s business, financial condition, or operating results.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Refer to the Share Repurchase Activity section in the MD&A, which is incorporated by reference into this item.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

(a) On November 1, 2024, Truist announced that it will redeem all outstanding shares of its Series L Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series L Preferred Stock”) and the corresponding depositary shares representing fractional interests in the Series L Preferred Stock (“Series L Depositary Shares”) for $750 million.

The Series L Depositary Shares (CUSIP: 89832QAB5), each representing a 1/100th interest in a share of Series L Preferred Stock, will be redeemed simultaneously with the redemption of the Series L Preferred Stock, in each case at a redemption price of $1,000 per depositary share (equivalent to $100,000 per share of preferred stock) plus any accrued and unpaid dividends to the redemption date. All 7,500 outstanding shares of the Series L Preferred Stock and all 750,000 outstanding Series L Depositary Shares will be redeemed on the dividend payment date of December 16, 2024.

Regular quarterly dividends on the outstanding shares of the Series L Preferred Stock and the Series L Depositary Shares will be paid separately to holders of record as of November 8, 2024 in the customary manner. On and after the redemption date, all dividends on the shares of Series L Preferred Stock and the Series L Depositary Shares will cease to accrue.

(c) During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Truist Financial Corporation 81

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. Description Location
2.1 Equity Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2024, by and among Trident Butterfly Investor, Inc., Panther Blocker I, Inc., Panther Blocker II, Inc., Truist Bank, Truist TIH Holdings, Inc., Truist TIH Partners, Inc., TIH Management Holdings, LLC, TIH Management Holdings II, LLC and Truist Insurance Holdings, LLC.
2.2 Amendment No. 1 to Equity Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2024, by and among Trident Butterfly Investor, Inc., Panther Blocker I, Inc., Panther Blocker II, Inc., Truist Bank, Truist TIH Holdings, Inc., Truist TIH Partners, Inc., TIH Management Holdings, LLC, TIH Management Holdings II, LLC and Truist Insurance Holdings, LLC
10.1*
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for the Truist Financial Corporation 2022 Incentive Plan.
10.2*
Form of LTIP Award Agreement for the Truist Financial Corporation 2022 Incentive Plan.
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document. Filed herewith.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema. Filed herewith.
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase. Filed herewith.
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.
Filed herewith.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase. Filed herewith.
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase. Filed herewith.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits101). Filed herewith.
*    Management compensatory plan or arrangement.
82 Truist Financial Corporation

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date: November 1, 2024 By: /s/ Michael B. Maguire
Michael B. Maguire
Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date: November 1, 2024 By: /s/ Cynthia B. Powell
Cynthia B. Powell
Executive Vice President and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)

Truist Financial Corporation 83
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1. Financial StatementsprintNote 1. Basis Of PresentationprintNote 2. Discontinued OperationsprintNote 3. Securities Financing ActivitiesprintNote 4. Investment SecuritiesprintNote 5. Loans and AclprintNote 6. Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsprintNote 7. Loan ServicingprintNote 8. Other Assets and LiabilitiesprintNote 9. BorrowingsprintNote 10. Shareholders EquityprintNote 11. AociprintNote 12. Income TaxesprintNote 13. Benefit PlansprintNote 14. Commitments and ContingenciesprintNote 15. Fair Value DisclosuresprintNote 16. Derivative Financial InstrumentsprintNote 17. Computation Of EpsprintNote 18. Operating SegmentsprintItem 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of OperationsprintItem 4. Controls and ProceduresprintPart II. Other InformationprintItem 1. Legal ProceedingsprintItem 1A. Risk FactorsprintItem 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of ProceedsprintItem 5. Other InformationprintItem 6. Exhibitsprint

Exhibits

2.1 Equity Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2024, by and among Trident Butterfly Investor, Inc., Panther Blocker I, Inc., Panther Blocker II, Inc., Truist Bank, Truist TIH Holdings, Inc., Truist TIH Partners, Inc., TIH Management Holdings, LLC, TIH Management Holdings II, LLC and Truist Insurance Holdings, LLC. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 20, 2024. 2.2 Amendment No. 1 to Equity Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2024, by and among Trident Butterfly Investor, Inc., Panther Blocker I, Inc., Panther Blocker II, Inc., Truist Bank, Truist TIH Holdings, Inc., Truist TIH Partners, Inc., TIH Management Holdings, LLC, TIH Management Holdings II, LLC and Truist Insurance Holdings, LLC Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 10, 2024. 10.1* Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for the Truist Financial Corporation 2022 Incentive Plan. Filed herewith. 10.2* Form of LTIP Award Agreement for the Truist Financial Corporation 2022 Incentive Plan. Filed herewith. 31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith. 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith. 32 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith.