UNH 10-Q Quarterly Report June 30, 2016

UNITEDHEALTH GROUP INC

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10-Q 1 unh201663010-q.htm 10-Q Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________________________________

Form 10-Q

__________________________________________________________



[X]	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2016



[ ]	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______ TO _______

Commission file number: 1-10864

__________________________________________________________

UnitedHealth Group Incorporated

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

__________________________________________________________



Delaware		41-1321939
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

UnitedHealth Group Center 9900 Bren Road East Minnetonka, Minnesota		55343
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(952) 936-1300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

__________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:



Large accelerated filer	[X]	Accelerated filer	[ ]	Non-accelerated filer	[ ]	Smaller reporting company	[ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]

As of July 29, 2016, there were 952,391,411 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

UNITEDHEALTH GROUP

Table of Contents



			Page

Part I. Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)		1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015		1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and 2015		2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and 2015		3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and 2015		4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and 2015		5
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		6
	1.	Basis of Presentation	6
	2.	Investments	8
	3.	Fair Value	9
	4.	Medicare Part D Pharmacy Benefits	12
	5.	Other Current Receivables	12
	6.	Medical Costs Reserve Development	12
	7.	Commercial Paper and Long-Term Debt	13
	8.	Shareholders’ Equity	14
	9.	Commitments and Contingencies	14
	10.	Segment Financial Information	15
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		25
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		26
Part II. Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		26
Item 1A.	Risk Factors		26
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		27
Item 6.	Exhibits		28
Signatures			29

PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UnitedHealth Group

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)



(in millions, except per share data)	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,217		$	10,923
Short-term investments	2,757			1,988
Accounts receivable, net	9,346			6,523
Other current receivables, net	7,355			6,801
Assets under management	2,855			2,998
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,768			2,406
Total current assets	33,298			31,639
Long-term investments	22,211			18,792
Property, equipment and capitalized software, net	5,189			4,861
Goodwill	46,881			44,453
Other intangible assets, net	8,878			8,391
Other assets	3,146			3,118
Total assets	$	119,603		$	111,254
Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity
Current liabilities:
Medical costs payable	$	16,632		$	14,330
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	14,366			11,994
Other policy liabilities	8,447			7,798
Commercial paper and current maturities of long-term debt	6,364			6,634
Unearned revenues	1,567			2,142
Total current liabilities	47,376			42,898
Long-term debt, less current maturities	26,834			25,331
Future policy benefits	2,507			2,496
Deferred income taxes	2,857			3,587
Other liabilities	1,998			1,481
Total liabilities	81,572			75,793
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	1,744			1,736
Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value - 10 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value - 3,000 shares authorized; 951 and 953 issued and outstanding	10			10
Additional paid-in capital	—			29
Retained earnings	38,579			37,125
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(2,203		)	(3,334		)
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interest	(99		)	(105		)
Total equity	36,287			33,725
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity	$	119,603		$	111,254

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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UnitedHealth Group

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Revenues:
Premiums	$	36,413		$	31,961		$	71,224		$	63,635
Products	6,610			1,223			13,003			2,453
Services	3,269			2,865			6,409			5,571
Investment and other income	193			214			376			360
Total revenues	46,485			36,263			91,012			72,019
Operating costs:
Medical costs	29,872			26,127			58,302			51,917
Operating costs	6,793			5,738			13,551			11,572
Cost of products sold	6,106			1,124			11,983			2,238
Depreciation and amortization	511			379			1,013			757
Total operating costs	43,282			33,368			84,849			66,484
Earnings from operations	3,203			2,895			6,163			5,535
Interest expense	(271		)	(151		)	(530		)	(301		)
Earnings before income taxes	2,932			2,744			5,633			5,234
Provision for income taxes	(1,172		)	(1,159		)	(2,246		)	(2,236		)
Net earnings	1,760			1,585			3,387			2,998
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	(6		)	—			(22		)	—
Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders	$	1,754		$	1,585		$	3,365		$	2,998
Earnings per share attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders:
Basic	$	1.84		$	1.66		$	3.53		$	3.15
Diluted	$	1.81		$	1.64		$	3.48		$	3.10
Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding	951			952			952			953
Dilutive effect of common share equivalents	16			14			15			14
Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding	967			966			967			967
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of dilutive effect of common share equivalents	1			8			4			8
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.625		$	0.500		$	1.125		$	0.875

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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UnitedHealth Group

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net earnings	$	1,760		$	1,585		$	3,387		$	2,998
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Gross unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities during the period	234			(222		)	494			(117		)
Income tax effect	(84		)	80			(180		)	43
Total unrealized gains (losses), net of tax	150			(142		)	314			(74		)
Gross reclassification adjustment for net realized gains included in net earnings	(36		)	(68		)	(71		)	(71		)
Income tax effect	13			25			26			26
Total reclassification adjustment, net of tax	(23		)	(43		)	(45		)	(45		)
Total foreign currency translation gains (losses)	474			163			862			(796		)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	601			(22		)	1,131			(915		)
Comprehensive income	2,361			1,563			4,518			2,083
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(6		)	—			(22		)	—
Comprehensive income attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders	$	2,355		$	1,563		$	4,496		$	2,083

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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UnitedHealth Group

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(Unaudited)



	Common Stock				Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)						Nonredeemable Noncontrolling Interest			Total Equity
(in millions)	Shares		Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments			Foreign Currency Translation (Losses) Gains			Nonredeemable Noncontrolling Interest			Total Equity
Balance at January 1, 2016	953		$	10	$	29		$	37,125		$	56		$	(3,390	)	$	(105	)	$	33,725
Adjustment to adopt ASU 2016-09								28												28
Net earnings								3,365									22			3,387
Other comprehensive income											269			862						1,131
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects	6		—		76															76
Share-based compensation					249															249
Common share repurchases	(8	)	—		(112		)	(868		)										(980		)
Cash dividends paid on common shares								(1,071		)										(1,071		)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interest shares					(139		)													(139		)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments					(103		)													(103		)
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interest																	(16		)	(16		)
Balance at June 30, 2016	951		$	10	$	—		$	38,579		$	325		$	(2,528	)	$	(99	)	$	36,287

Balance at January 1, 2015	954		$	10	$	—		$	33,836		$	223		$	(1,615	)	$	—		$	32,454
Net earnings								2,998												2,998
Other comprehensive loss											(119		)	(796		)				(915		)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects	7		—		23															23
Share-based compensation, and related tax benefits					319															319
Common share repurchases	(9	)	—		(214		)	(739		)										(953		)
Cash dividends paid on common shares								(833		)										(833		)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments					(73		)													(73		)
Balance at June 30, 2015	952		$	10	$	55		$	35,262		$	104		$	(2,411	)	$	—		$	33,020

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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UnitedHealth Group

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)



	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015
Operating activities
Net earnings	$	3,387		$	2,998
Noncash items:
Depreciation and amortization	1,013			757
Deferred income taxes	(141		)	(30		)
Share-based compensation	262			211
Other, net	(20		)	(160		)
Net change in other operating items, net of effects from acquisitions and changes in AARP balances:
Accounts receivable	(2,638		)	(1,725		)
Other assets	(2,052		)	(2,178		)
Medical costs payable	2,099			1,988
Accounts payable and other liabilities	2,403			1,809
Other policy liabilities	283			208
Unearned revenues	(595		)	(446		)
Cash flows from operating activities	4,001			3,432
Investing activities
Purchases of investments	(8,975		)	(4,286		)
Sales of investments	3,421			2,260
Maturities of investments	1,973			1,622
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash assumed	(2,035		)	(1,778		)
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software	(813		)	(716		)
Other, net	16			48
Cash flows used for investing activities	(6,413		)	(2,850		)
Financing activities
Common share repurchases	(980		)	(953		)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interest shares	(257		)	—
Cash dividends paid	(1,071		)	(833		)
Proceeds from common stock issuances	254			242
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt	2,485			—
Repayments of long-term debt	(1,601		)	(416		)
Proceeds from commercial paper, net	124			1,086
Customer funds administered	1,039			941
Other, net	(352		)	(188		)
Cash flows used for financing activities	(359		)	(121		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	65			(69		)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(2,706		)	392
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	10,923			7,495
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	8,217		$	7,887

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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UnitedHealth Group

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (individually and together with its subsidiaries, “UnitedHealth Group” and “the Company”) is a diversified health and well-being company dedicated to helping people live healthier lives and making the health system work better for everyone. Through its diversified family of businesses, the Company leverages core competencies in advanced, enabling technology; health care data, information and intelligence; and clinical care management and coordination to help meet the demands of the health system. The Company offers a broad spectrum of products and services through two distinct platforms: UnitedHealthcare, which provides health care coverage and benefits services; and Optum, which provides pharmacy care services and information and technology-enabled health services.

The Company has prepared the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements according to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and has included the accounts of UnitedHealth Group and its subsidiaries. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Company has omitted certain footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in its annual audited Consolidated Financial Statements. Therefore, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 as filed with the SEC ( 2015 10-K). The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present the interim financial statements fairly.

Use of Estimates

These Consolidated Financial Statements include certain amounts based on the Company’s best estimates and judgments. The Company’s most significant estimates relate to estimates and judgments for medical costs payable and revenues, valuation and impairment analysis of goodwill and other intangible assets and valuations of certain investments. Certain of these estimates require the application of complex assumptions and judgments, often because they involve matters that are inherently uncertain and will likely change in subsequent periods. The impact of any change in estimates is included in earnings in the period in which the estimate is adjusted.

The accounting policies disclosed in Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in the 2015 10-K remain unchanged.

Reclassification

During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company aligned its accounting policy to conform the presentation of certain pharmacy fulfillment costs related to an acquired OptumRx business. These costs are now included in medical costs and cost of products sold, whereas they were previously included in operating costs. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassification increased medical expenses by $101 million and $202 million , decreased operating costs by $114 million and $229 million and increased cost of products sold by $13 million and $27 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. The reclassification had no impact on total operating costs, earnings from operations, net earnings, earnings per share or total equity.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (ASU 2016-02). Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases on the entity’s balance sheet for both finance and operating leases. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, an entity can elect to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities and expense the lease over a straight-line basis for the term of the lease. ASU 2016-02 will require new disclosures that depict the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows pertaining to an entity’s leases. Companies are required to adopt the new standard using a modified retrospective approach for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption of ASU 2016-02 is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the new leasing guidance.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (ASU 2016-01). The new guidance changes the current accounting related to (i) the classification and measurement of certain equity investments, (ii) the presentation of changes in the fair value of financial liabilities measured under the fair value option that are due to instrument-specific credit risk, and (iii) certain disclosures associated with the fair value of financial instruments. Most notably, ASU 2016-01 requires that equity investments, with certain exemptions, be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income as opposed to other

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comprehensive income. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the new financial instruments guidance.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (ASU 2014-09) as modified by ASU No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date,” ASU 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” and ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients.” ASU 2014-09 will supersede existing revenue recognition standards with a single model unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards (e.g., an insurance entity’s insurance contracts). The revenue recognition principle in ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, new and enhanced disclosures will be required. Companies may adopt the new standard either using the full retrospective approach, a modified retrospective approach with practical expedients, or a cumulative effect upon adoption approach. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption at the original effective date, interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, will be permitted. When adopted, the Company does not expect ASU 2014-09 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (ASU 2016-09). ASU 2016-09 modifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment awards, including income tax consequences, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company early adopted ASU 2016-09 in the first quarter of 2016. The provisions of ASU 2016-09 related to the timing of when excess tax benefits are recognized, minimum statutory withholding requirements and forfeitures were adopted using a modified retrospective transition method by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of January 1, 2016. The provisions of ASU 2016-09 related to the recognition of excess tax benefits in the income statement and classification in the statement of cash flows were adopted prospectively and the prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes” (ASU 2015-17). ASU 2015-17 requires entities to present deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as noncurrent on the balance sheet. Prior to the issuance of ASU 2015-17, deferred taxes were required to be presented as a net current asset or liability and a net noncurrent asset or liability. The Company adopted ASU 2015-17 on a prospective basis in the first quarter of 2016 and the prior period was not retrospectively adjusted. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 did not impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, “Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (ASU 2015-03). ASU 2015-03 requires debt issuance costs to be presented as a reduction of the carrying amount of the related debt liability. Prior to the issuance of ASU 2015-03, debt issuance costs were required to be presented as an asset in the balance sheet. The Company adopted ASU 2015-03 on a retrospective basis, as required, in the first quarter of 2016. The Company reclassified $129 million in debt issuance costs that were recorded in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2015 to long-term debt, less current maturities.

The Company has determined that there have been no other recently adopted or issued accounting standards that had, or will have, a material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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2. Investments

A summary of short-term and long-term investments by major security type is as follows:



(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
June 30, 2016
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations	$	2,401	$	24	$	—		$	2,425
State and municipal obligations	6,749		260		(1		)	7,008
Corporate obligations	9,479		170		(11		)	9,638
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	2,580		44		(1		)	2,623
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	930		27		(3		)	954
Total debt securities - available-for-sale	22,139		525		(16		)	22,648
Equity securities - available-for-sale	1,804		52		(45		)	1,811
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations	175		3		—			178
State and municipal obligations	7		—		—			7
Corporate obligations	327		—		—			327
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity	509		3		—			512
Total investments	$	24,452	$	580	$	(61	)	$	24,971
December 31, 2015
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations	$	1,982	$	1	$	(6	)	$	1,977
State and municipal obligations	6,022		149		(3		)	6,168
Corporate obligations	7,446		41		(81		)	7,406
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	2,127		13		(16		)	2,124
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	962		5		(11		)	956
Total debt securities - available-for-sale	18,539		209		(117		)	18,631
Equity securities - available-for-sale	1,638		58		(57		)	1,639
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations	163		1		—			164
State and municipal obligations	8		—		—			8
Corporate obligations	339		—		—			339
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity	510		1		—			511
Total investments	$	20,687	$	268	$	(174	)	$	20,781

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of June 30, 2016 , by contractual maturity, were as follows:



	Available-for-Sale				Held-to-Maturity
(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	2,872	$	2,877	$	139	$	139
Due after one year through five years	8,341		8,461		175		177
Due after five years through ten years	5,234		5,438		107		107
Due after ten years	2,182		2,295		88		89
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	2,580		2,623		—		—
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	930		954		—		—
Total debt securities	$	22,139	$	22,648	$	509	$	512

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The fair value of available-for-sale investments with gross unrealized losses by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position were as follows:



	Less Than 12 Months					12 Months or Greater					Total
(in millions)	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
June 30, 2016
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
State and municipal obligations	$	173	$	(1	)	$	—	$	—		$	173	$	(1	)
Corporate obligations	1,034		(4		)	481		(7		)	1,515		(11		)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	—		—			114		(1		)	114		(1		)
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	—		—			129		(3		)	129		(3		)
Total debt securities - available-for-sale	$	1,207	$	(5	)	$	724	$	(11	)	$	1,931	$	(16	)
Equity securities - available-for-sale	$	62	$	(4	)	$	105	$	(41	)	$	167	$	(45	)
December 31, 2015
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations	$	1,473	$	(6	)	$	—	$	—		$	1,473	$	(6	)
State and municipal obligations	650		(3		)	—		—			650		(3		)
Corporate obligations	4,629		(63		)	339		(18		)	4,968		(81		)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	1,304		(12		)	116		(4		)	1,420		(16		)
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	593		(7		)	127		(4		)	720		(11		)
Total debt securities - available-for-sale	$	8,649	$	(91	)	$	582	$	(26	)	$	9,231	$	(117	)
Equity securities - available-for-sale	$	112	$	(11	)	$	89	$	(46	)	$	201	$	(57	)

The Company’s unrealized losses from all securities as of June 30, 2016 were generated from approximately 3,000 positions out of a total of 26,000 positions. The Company believes that it will collect the principal and interest due on its debt securities that have an amortized cost in excess of fair value. The unrealized losses were primarily caused by interest rate increases and not by unfavorable changes in the credit quality associated with these securities. As of June 30, 2016 , the Company did not have the intent to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position. Therefore, the Company believes these losses to be temporary.

Net realized gains reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income were from the following sources:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Total other than temporary impairments recognized in earnings	$	(1	)	$	(3	)	$	(22	)	$	(4	)
Gross realized losses from sales	(4		)	(5		)	(35		)	(11		)
Gross realized gains from sales	41			76			128			86
Net realized gains (included in investment and other income on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations)	36			68			71			71
Income tax effect (included in provision for income taxes on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations)	(13		)	(25		)	(26		)	(26		)
Realized gains, net of taxes	$	23		$	43		$	45		$	45

3. Fair Value

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or have fair values disclosed in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. These assets and liabilities are classified into one of three levels of a hierarchy defined by GAAP.

For a description of the methods and assumptions that are used to estimate the fair value and determine the fair value hierarchy classification of each class of financial instrument, see Note 5 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in the 2015 10-K.

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The Company elected to measure the entirety of the Supplemental Health Insurance Program (AARP Program) assets under management at fair value pursuant to the fair value option. See Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in the 2015 10-K for further detail on the AARP Program.

The following table presents a summary of fair value measurements by level and carrying values for items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, excluding assets and liabilities related to the AARP Program:



(in millions)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)			Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)			Total Fair and Carrying Value
June 30, 2016
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,188		$	29		$	—		$	8,217
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations	2,219			206			—			2,425
State and municipal obligations	—			7,008			—			7,008
Corporate obligations	—			9,537			101			9,638
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	—			2,623			—			2,623
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	—			954			—			954
Total debt securities - available-for-sale	2,219			20,328			101			22,648
Equity securities - available-for-sale	1,410			13			388			1,811
Interest rate swap assets	—			299			—			299
Total assets at fair value	$	11,817		$	20,669		$	489		$	32,975
Percentage of total assets at fair value	36		%	63		%	1		%	100		%
December 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,906		$	17		$	—		$	10,923
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations	1,779			198			—			1,977
State and municipal obligations	—			6,168			—			6,168
Corporate obligations	5			7,308			93			7,406
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	—			2,124			—			2,124
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities	—			951			5			956
Total debt securities - available-for-sale	1,784			16,749			98			18,631
Equity securities - available-for-sale	1,223			14			402			1,639
Interest rate swap assets	—			93			—			93
Total assets at fair value	$	13,913		$	16,873		$	500		$	31,286
Percentage of total assets at fair value	44		%	54		%	2		%	100		%
Interest rate swap liabilities	$	—		$	11		$	—		$	11

Transfers between levels, if any, are recorded as of the beginning of the reporting period in which the transfer occurs; there were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 or 3 of any financial assets or liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2016 or 2015 .

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The following table presents a summary of fair value measurements by level and carrying values for certain financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:



(in millions)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value		Total Carrying Value
June 30, 2016
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations	$	178	$	—	$	—	$	178	$	175
State and municipal obligations	—		—		7		7		7
Corporate obligations	91		11		225		327		327
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity	$	269	$	11	$	232	$	512	$	509
Other assets	$	—	$	465	$	—	$	465	$	466
Long-term debt and other financing obligations	$	—	$	32,144	$	—	$	32,144	$	29,087
December 31, 2015
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations	$	164	$	—	$	—	$	164	$	163
State and municipal obligations	—		—		8		8		8
Corporate obligations	91		10		238		339		339
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity	$	255	$	10	$	246	$	511	$	510
Other assets	$	—	$	493	$	—	$	493	$	500
Long-term debt and other financing obligations	$	—	$	29,455	$	—	$	29,455	$	27,978

Nonfinancial assets and liabilities or financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances, such as when the Company records an impairment. There were no significant fair value adjustments for these assets and liabilities recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2016 or 2015 .

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs is as follows:



	Three Months Ended									Six Months Ended
(in millions)	Debt Securities			Equity Securities			Total			Debt Securities			Equity Securities			Total
June 30, 2016
Balance at beginning of period	$	98		$	390		$	488		$	98		$	402		$	500
Purchases	—			8			8			4			20			24
Sales	—			(2		)	(2		)	(7		)	(4		)	(11		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) in accumulated other comprehensive income	3			(8		)	(5		)	6			(14		)	(8		)
Net realized losses in investment and other income	—			—			—			—			(16		)	(16		)
Balance at end of period	$	101		$	388		$	489		$	101		$	388		$	489

June 30, 2015
Balance at beginning of period	$	79		$	309		$	388		$	74		$	310		$	384
Purchases	6			10			16			10			14			24
Sales	(2		)	(13		)	(15		)	(2		)	(14		)	(16		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) in accumulated other comprehensive income	1			—			1			2			(5		)	(3		)
Net realized gains in investment and other income	—			13			13			—			14			14
Balance at end of period	$	84		$	319		$	403		$	84		$	319		$	403

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4. Medicare Part D Pharmacy Benefits

The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets include the following amounts associated with the Medicare Part D program:



	June 30, 2016						December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Subsidies		Drug Discount		Risk-Share		Subsidies		Drug Discount		Risk-Share
Other current receivables	$	1,434	$	297	$	—	$	1,703	$	423	$	—
Other policy liabilities	—		236		510		—		58		496

See Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in the 2015 10-K for further detail on Medicare Part D.

5. Other Current Receivables

The Company’s pharmacy care services businesses contract with pharmaceutical manufacturers, some of which provide rebates based on use of the manufacturers’ products by its affiliated and non-affiliated clients. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, total pharmaceutical manufacturer rebates receivable included in other receivables in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets amounted to $2.5 billion and $2.6 billion , respectively. See Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in the 2015 10-K for more information on the Company’s pharmaceutical manufacturer rebates.

6. Medical Costs Reserve Development

The following table provides details of the Company’s medical cost reserve development:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016		2015
Related to prior years	$	(60	)	$	(10	)	$	300	$	130
Related to current year	(40		)	100			N/A		N/A

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, the medical cost reserve development included a number of individual items, none of which were material.

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7. Commercial Paper and Long-Term Debt

Commercial paper, term loan and senior unsecured long-term debt consisted of the following:



	June 30, 2016						December 31, 2015
(in millions, except percentages)	Par Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Par Value		Carrying Value (a)		Fair Value
Commercial paper	$	4,111	$	4,111	$	4,111	$	3,987	$	3,987	$	3,987
Floating rate term loan due July 2016	500		500		500		1,500		1,500		1,500
5.375% notes due March 2016	—		—		—		601		605		606
1.875% notes due November 2016	400		400		401		400		400		403
5.360% notes due November 2016	95		95		97		95		95		98
Floating rate notes due January 2017	750		749		751		750		749		751
6.000% notes due June 2017	441		452		461		441		458		469
1.450% notes due July 2017	750		749		754		750		749		750
1.400% notes due October 2017	625		624		628		625		624		624
6.000% notes due November 2017	156		161		167		156		162		168
1.400% notes due December 2017	750		751		754		750		751		748
6.000% notes due February 2018	1,100		1,110		1,186		1,100		1,114		1,196
1.900% notes due July 2018	1,500		1,495		1,526		1,500		1,494		1,505
1.700% notes due February 2019	750		747		758		—		—		—
1.625% notes due March 2019	500		502		505		500		502		494
2.300% notes due December 2019	500		512		516		500		499		502
2.700% notes due July 2020	1,500		1,494		1,562		1,500		1,493		1,516
3.875% notes due October 2020	450		467		495		450		452		476
4.700% notes due February 2021	400		427		452		400		413		438
2.125% notes due March 2021	750		745		764		—		—		—
3.375% notes due November 2021	500		521		540		500		500		517
2.875% notes due December 2021	750		786		790		750		753		760
2.875% notes due March 2022	1,100		1,112		1,149		1,100		1,059		1,099
3.350% notes due July 2022	1,000		995		1,070		1,000		994		1,023
0.000% notes due November 2022	15		11		12		15		10		11
2.750% notes due February 2023	625		645		642		625		611		613
2.875% notes due March 2023	750		821		781		750		781		742
3.750% notes due July 2025	2,000		1,985		2,194		2,000		1,985		2,062
3.100% notes due March 2026	1,000		994		1,043		—		—		—
4.625% notes due July 2035	1,000		991		1,161		1,000		991		1,038
5.800% notes due March 2036	850		837		1,115		850		838		1,003
6.500% notes due June 2037	500		491		697		500		492		628
6.625% notes due November 2037	650		640		919		650		641		829
6.875% notes due February 2038	1,100		1,074		1,605		1,100		1,076		1,439
5.700% notes due October 2040	300		296		384		300		296		348
5.950% notes due February 2041	350		345		458		350		345		416
4.625% notes due November 2041	600		588		685		600		588		609
4.375% notes due March 2042	502		483		557		502		483		493
3.950% notes due October 2042	625		606		654		625		606		582
4.250% notes due March 2043	750		734		821		750		734		728
4.750% notes due July 2045	2,000		1,971		2,409		2,000		1,971		2,107
Total commercial paper, term loan and long-term debt	$	32,995	$	33,017	$	36,074	$	31,972	$	31,801	$	33,278


(a)	In the first quarter of 2016, the Company adopted ASU 2015-03, retrospectively as required. See Note 1 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the adoption of ASU 2015-03.

The Company’s long-term debt obligations also included $181 million and $164 million of other financing obligations, of which $57 million and $47 million were current as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively.

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Commercial Paper and Bank Credit Facilities

Commercial paper consists of short-duration, senior unsecured debt privately placed on a discount basis through broker-dealers. As of June 30, 2016 , the Company’s outstanding commercial paper had a weighted-average annual interest rate of 0.7% .

The Company has $3.0 billion five-year, $2.0 billion three-year and $1.0 billion 364-day revolving bank credit facilities with 23 banks, which mature in December 2020 , December 2018 , and December 2016, respectively. These facilities provide liquidity support for the Company’s commercial paper program and are available for general corporate purposes. As of June 30, 2016 , no amounts had been drawn on any of the bank credit facilities. The annual interest rates, which are variable based on term, are calculated based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a credit spread based on the Company’s senior unsecured credit ratings. If amounts had been drawn on the bank credit facilities as of June 30, 2016 , annual interest rates would have ranged from 1.3% to 1.8% .

Debt Covenants

The Company’s bank credit facilities contain various covenants, including covenants requiring the Company to maintain a defined debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio of not more than 55% . The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of June 30, 2016 .


8.	Shareholders' Equity

Dividends

In June 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors increased the Company’s quarterly cash dividend to shareholders to an annual dividend rate of $2.50 per share compared to the annual dividend rate of $2.00 per share, which the Company had paid since June 2015. Declaration and payment of future quarterly dividends is at the discretion of the Board and may be adjusted as business needs or market conditions change.

The following table provides details of the Company’s 2016 dividend payments:



Payment Date	Amount per Share		Total Amount Paid
			(in millions)
March 22, 2016	$	0.500	$	477
June 28, 2016	0.625		594

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

Because of the nature of its businesses, the Company is frequently made party to a variety of legal actions and regulatory inquiries, including class actions and suits brought by members, care providers, consumer advocacy organizations, customers and regulators, relating to the Company’s businesses, including management and administration of health benefit plans and other services. These matters include medical malpractice, employment, intellectual property, antitrust, privacy and contract claims and claims related to health care benefits coverage and other business practices.

The Company records liabilities for its estimates of probable costs resulting from these matters where appropriate. Estimates of costs resulting from legal and regulatory matters involving the Company are inherently difficult to predict, particularly where the matters: involve indeterminate claims for monetary damages or may involve fines, penalties or punitive damages; present novel legal theories or represent a shift in regulatory policy; involve a large number of claimants or regulatory bodies; are in the early stages of the proceedings; or could result in a change in business practices. Accordingly, the Company is often unable to estimate the losses or ranges of losses for those matters where there is a reasonable possibility or it is probable that a loss may be incurred.

Litigation Matters

California Claims Processing Matter. On January 25, 2008, the California Department of Insurance (CDI) issued an Order to Show Cause to PacifiCare Life and Health Insurance Company, a subsidiary of the Company, alleging violations of certain insurance statutes and regulations related to an alleged failure to include certain language in standard claims correspondence, timeliness and accuracy of claims processing, interest payments, care provider contract implementation, care provider dispute resolution and other related matters. Although the Company believes that CDI had never before issued a fine in excess of $8 million , CDI advocated a fine of approximately $325 million in this matter. The matter was the subject of an administrative hearing before a California administrative law judge beginning in December 2009, and in August 2013, the administrative law judge issued a nonbinding proposed decision recommending a fine of $11.5 million . The California Insurance Commissioner rejected the administrative law judge’s recommendation and on June 9, 2014, issued his own decision imposing a fine of

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approximately $174 million . On July 10, 2014, the Company filed a lawsuit in California state court challenging the Commissioner’s decision. On September 8, 2015, in the first phase of that lawsuit, the California state court issued an order invalidating certain of the regulations the Commissioner had relied upon in issuing his decision and penalty. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the range of loss, if any, that may result from this matter given the procedural status of the dispute, the wide range of possible outcomes, the legal issues presented (including the legal basis for the majority of the alleged violations), the inherent difficulty in predicting a regulatory fine in the event of a remand, and the various remedies and levels of judicial review that remain available to the Company.

Government Investigations, Audits and Reviews

The Company has been involved or is currently involved in various governmental investigations, audits and reviews. These include routine, regular and special investigations, audits and reviews by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), state insurance and health and welfare departments, the Brazilian national regulatory agency for private health insurance and plans (the Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar), state attorneys general, the Office of the Inspector General, the Office of Personnel Management, the Office of Civil Rights, the Government Accountability Office, the Federal Trade Commission, U.S. Congressional committees, the U.S. Department of Justice, the SEC, the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, the Brazilian federal revenue service (the Secretaria da Receita Federal), the U.S. Department of Labor, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Defense Contract Audit Agency and other governmental authorities. Certain of the Company’s businesses have been reviewed or are currently under review, including for, among other matters, compliance with coding and other requirements under the Medicare risk-adjustment model. The Company has produced documents, information and witnesses to the Department of Justice in cooperation with a current review of the Company’s risk-adjustment processes, including the Company’s patient chart review and related programs. CMS has selected certain of the Company’s local plans for risk adjustment data validation (RADV) audits to validate the coding practices of and supporting documentation maintained by health care providers and such audits may result in retrospective adjustments to payments made to the Company’s health plans.

The Company cannot reasonably estimate the range of loss, if any, that may result from any material government investigations, audits and reviews in which it is currently involved given the status of the reviews, the wide range of possible outcomes and inherent difficulty in predicting regulatory action, fines and penalties, if any, the Company’s legal and factual defenses and the various remedies and levels of judicial review available to the Company in the event of an adverse finding.

Guaranty Fund Assessments

Under state guaranty association laws, certain insurance companies can be assessed (up to prescribed limits) for certain obligations to the policyholders and claimants of impaired or insolvent insurance companies (including state health insurance cooperatives) that write the same line or similar lines of business. In 2009, the Pennsylvania Insurance Commissioner placed long term care insurer Penn Treaty Network America Insurance Company and its subsidiary (Penn Treaty), neither of which is affiliated with the Company, in rehabilitation and petitioned a state court for approval to liquidate Penn Treaty. In 2012, the court denied the liquidation petition and ordered the Insurance Commissioner to submit a rehabilitation plan. The court held a hearing in July 2015 to begin its consideration of the latest proposed rehabilitation plan. The hearing is scheduled to continue in 2016.

If the current proposed rehabilitation plan, which contemplates the partial liquidation of Penn Treaty, is approved by the court, the Company’s insurance entities and other insurers may be required to pay a portion of Penn Treaty’s policyholder claims through state guaranty association assessments. The Company continues to vigorously challenge the proposed rehabilitation plan. The Company is currently unable to estimate losses or ranges of losses because the Company cannot predict when or to what extent Penn Treaty will ultimately be liquidated, the amount of the insolvency, the amount and timing of any associated guaranty fund assessments or the availability and amount of any premium tax and other potential offsets.

10. Segment Financial Information

The Company’s four reportable segments are UnitedHealthcare, OptumHealth, OptumInsight and OptumRx . For more information on the Company’s segments see Part I, Item I, “Business” and Note 14 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in the 2015 10-K.

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The following table presents the reportable segment financial information:



			Optum
(in millions)	UnitedHealthcare		OptumHealth		OptumInsight		OptumRx		Optum Eliminations			Optum		Corporate and Eliminations			Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Revenues - external customers:
Premiums	$	35,541	$	872	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	872	$	—		$	36,413
Products	1		11		17		6,581		—			6,609		—			6,610
Services	1,866		597		639		167		—			1,403		—			3,269
Total revenues - external customers	37,408		1,480		656		6,748		—			8,884		—			46,292
Total revenues - intersegment	—		2,541		1,106		8,324		(277		)	11,694		(11,694		)	—
Investment and other income	148		44		—		1		—			45		—			193
Total revenues	$	37,556	$	4,065	$	1,762	$	15,073	$	(277	)	$	20,623	$	(11,694	)	$	46,485
Earnings from operations	$	1,942	$	304	$	333	$	624	$	—		$	1,261	$	—		$	3,203
Interest expense	—		—		—		—		—			—		(271		)	(271		)
Earnings before income taxes	$	1,942	$	304	$	333	$	624	$	—		$	1,261	$	(271	)	$	2,932
Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
Revenues - external customers:
Premiums	$	31,186	$	775	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	775	$	—		$	31,961
Products	1		11		16		1,195		—			1,222		—			1,223
Services	1,715		579		542		29		—			1,150		—			2,865
Total revenues - external customers	32,902		1,365		558		1,224		—			3,147		—			36,049
Total revenues - intersegment	—		2,031		851		7,688		(172		)	10,398		(10,398		)	—
Investment and other income	171		42		—		1		—			43		—			214
Total revenues	$	33,073	$	3,438	$	1,409	$	8,913	$	(172	)	$	13,588	$	(10,398	)	$	36,263
Earnings from operations	$	2,031	$	253	$	271	$	340	$	—		$	864	$	—		$	2,895
Interest expense	—		—		—		—		—			—		(151		)	(151		)
Earnings before income taxes	$	2,031	$	253	$	271	$	340	$	—		$	864	$	(151	)	$	2,744

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			Optum
(in millions)	UnitedHealthcare		OptumHealth		OptumInsight		OptumRx		Optum Eliminations			Optum		Corporate and Eliminations			Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Revenues - external customers:
Premiums	$	69,504	$	1,720	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	1,720	$	—		$	71,224
Products	1		24		37		12,941		—			13,002		—			13,003
Services	3,662		1,209		1,245		293		—			2,747		—			6,409
Total revenues - external customers	73,167		2,953		1,282		13,234		—			17,469		—			90,636
Total revenues - intersegment	—		5,026		2,147		16,109		(531		)	22,751		(22,751		)	—
Investment and other income	289		84		—		3		—			87		—			376
Total revenues	$	73,456	$	8,063	$	3,429	$	29,346	$	(531	)	$	40,307	$	(22,751	)	$	91,012
Earnings from operations	$	3,796	$	604	$	579	$	1,184	$	—		$	2,367	$	—		$	6,163
Interest expense	—		—		—		—		—			—		(530		)	(530		)
Earnings before income taxes	$	3,796	$	604	$	579	$	1,184	$	—		$	2,367	$	(530	)	$	5,633
Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
Revenues - external customers:
Premiums	$	62,091	$	1,544	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	1,544	$	—		$	63,635
Products	1		16		36		2,400		—			2,452		—			2,453
Services	3,318		1,100		1,101		52		—			2,253		—			5,571
Total revenues - external customers	65,410		2,660		1,137		2,452		—			6,249		—			71,659
Total revenues - intersegment	—		3,994		1,662		14,755		(331		)	20,080		(20,080		)	—
Investment and other income	286		73		—		1		—			74		—			360
Total revenues	$	65,696	$	6,727	$	2,799	$	17,208	$	(331	)	$	26,403	$	(20,080	)	$	72,019
Earnings from operations	$	3,929	$	487	$	493	$	626	$	—		$	1,606	$	—		$	5,535
Interest expense	—		—		—		—		—			—		(301		)	(301		)
Earnings before income taxes	$	3,929	$	487	$	493	$	626	$	—		$	1,606	$	(301	)	$	5,234


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read together with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes and with our 2015 10-K, including the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in that report. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to the terms “UnitedHealth Group,” “we,” “our” or “us” used throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refer to UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Readers are cautioned that the statements, estimates, projections or outlook contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, including discussions regarding financial prospects, economic conditions, trends and uncertainties contained in this Item 2, may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA). These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the results discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements. A description of some of the risks and uncertainties is set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 2015 10-K and in the discussion below.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

General

UnitedHealth Group is a diversified health and well-being company dedicated to helping people live healthier lives and making the health system work better for everyone. Through our diversified family of businesses, we leverage core competencies in advanced, enabling technology; health care data; information and intelligence; and clinical care management and coordination to help meet the demands of the health system. We offer a broad spectrum of products and services through two distinct

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platforms: UnitedHealthcare, which provides health care coverage and benefits services; and Optum, which provides pharmacy care services and information and technology-enabled health services.

Further information on our business is included in Part I, Item 1, “Business” and Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2015 10-K and additional information on our segments can be found in this Item 2 and in Note 10 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Business Trends

Our businesses participate in the United States, Brazilian and certain other international health economies. In the United States, health care spending has grown consistently for many years and comprises approximately 18% of gross domestic product. We expect overall spending on health care to continue to grow in the future due to inflation, medical technology and pharmaceutical advancement, regulatory requirements, demographic trends in the population and national interest in health and well-being. The rate of market growth may be affected by a variety of factors, including macro-economic conditions and regulatory changes, which have impacted and could further impact our results of operations.

Pricing Trends . To price our health care benefit products, we start with our view of expected future costs. We frequently evaluate and adjust our approach in each of the local markets we serve, considering all relevant factors, such as product positioning, price competitiveness and environmental, competitive, legislative and regulatory aspects. Our review of regulatory considerations involves a focus on minimum loss ratio (MLR) thresholds and the risk adjustment and reinsurance provisions that impact the small group and individual markets. We will continue seeking to balance growth and profitability across all of these dimensions.

We continue to expect broad-based competition in commercial products and pressure from government funding. The intensity of commercial pricing competition depends on local market conditions and competitive dynamics. Annual commercial premium rate increases are subject to federal and state review and approval procedures. In addition, a provision in the 2016 Federal Budget imposes a one year moratorium for payment of the 2017 Health Insurance Industry Tax. For policies that include a portion of 2017 coverage periods, our premiums will reflect the impact of the moratorium. Medicare Advantage funding continues to be pressured, as discussed below in “Regulatory Trends and Uncertainties.” We expect continued Medicaid revenue growth due to anticipated increases in the number of people we serve; we also believe that the reimbursement rate environment creates the risk of downward pressure on Medicaid net margin percentages.

Medical Cost Trends. Our medical cost trends primarily relate to changes in unit costs, health system utilization and prescription drug costs. We endeavor to mitigate those increases with medical management. Our 2016 management activities include managing costs across all health care categories, including specialty pharmacy spending, as new therapies are introduced at high costs and older drugs experience price increases.

Regulatory Trends and Uncertainties

Following is a summary of management’s view of the trends and uncertainties related to some of the key provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and a reconciliation measure, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (together, Health Reform Legislation) and other regulatory items. For additional information about Health Reform Legislation and regulatory trends and uncertainties, see Part I, Item 1, “Business - Government Regulation,” Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2015 10-K.

Medicare Advantage Rates and Minimum Loss Ratios. Final 2017 Medicare Advantage rates resulted in an increase in industry base rates of approximately 0.85%, well short of the industry forward medical cost trend of 3%, which creates continued pressure in the Medicare Advantage program. The impact of this funding shortfall in Medicare Advantage is partially mitigated by reductions in provider reimbursements for those care providers with rates indexed to Medicare Advantage revenues or Medicare fee-for-service reimbursement rates. These factors can affect our plan benefit designs, pricing, growth prospects and earnings expectations for our Medicare Advantage plans.

As provided in the Affordable Care Act, our Medicare Advantage rates are currently enhanced by CMS quality bonuses in certain counties based on our local plans’ star ratings. The level of star ratings from CMS, based upon specified clinical and operational performance standards, will impact future quality bonuses. In addition, star ratings affect the amount of savings a plan can use to offer supplemental benefits, which ultimately may affect the plan’s membership and revenue. For the 2016 payment year, approximately 57% of our Medicare Advantage members are in plans rated four stars or higher. We expect that at least 63% of our Medicare Advantage members will be in plans rated four stars or higher for payment year 2017. We continue to dedicate substantial resources to advance our quality scores and star ratings to strengthen our local market programs and further improve our performance.

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Health Insurance Industry Tax and Premium Stabilization Programs. The industry-wide amount of the annual tax is $11.3 billion in 2016 and we expect to pay our proportionate share of $1.8 billion in September 2016. Health Reform Legislation also includes three programs designed to stabilize the health insurance markets. These programs encompass: a temporary reinsurance program; a temporary risk corridors program; and a permanent risk adjustment program.

For details on the Health Insurance Industry Tax and Premium Stabilization Programs, see Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 2, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in our 2015 10-K.

Individual Public Exchanges. In 2016, we are participating in individual public exchange offerings in 34 states. We have a premium deficiency reserve recorded as of June 30, 2016, for our estimated losses for the remainder of 2016. A portion of the premium deficiency reserve was recorded in our 2015 results for in-force contracts as of January 1, 2016. In 2017, we expect to participate in only a few individual public exchanges.

RESULTS SUMMARY

The following table summarizes our consolidated results of operations and other financial information:



(in millions, except percentages and per share data)	Three Months Ended June 30,						Increase/(Decrease)					Six Months Ended June 30,						Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages and per share data)	2016			2015			2016 vs. 2015					2016			2015			2016 vs. 2015
Revenues:
Premiums	$	36,413		$	31,961		$	4,452		14	%	$	71,224		$	63,635		$	7,589		12	%
Products	6,610			1,223			5,387			440		13,003			2,453			10,550			430
Services	3,269			2,865			404			14		6,409			5,571			838			15
Investment and other income	193			214			(21		)	(10	)	376			360			16			4
Total revenues	46,485			36,263			10,222			28		91,012			72,019			18,993			26
Operating costs (a):
Medical costs	29,872			26,127			3,745			14		58,302			51,917			6,385			12
Operating costs	6,793			5,738			1,055			18		13,551			11,572			1,979			17
Cost of products sold	6,106			1,124			4,982			443		11,983			2,238			9,745			435
Depreciation and amortization	511			379			132			35		1,013			757			256			34
Total operating costs	43,282			33,368			9,914			30		84,849			66,484			18,365			28
Earnings from operations	3,203			2,895			308			11		6,163			5,535			628			11
Interest expense	(271		)	(151		)	120			79		(530		)	(301		)	229			76
Earnings before income taxes	2,932			2,744			188			7		5,633			5,234			399			8
Provision for income taxes	(1,172		)	(1,159		)	13			1		(2,246		)	(2,236		)	10			—
Net earnings	1,760			1,585			175			11		3,387			2,998			389			13
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	(6		)	—			6			nm		(22		)	—			22			nm
Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders	$	1,754		$	1,585		$	169		11	%	$	3,365		$	2,998		$	367		12	%
Diluted earnings per share attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders	$	1.81		$	1.64		$	0.17		10	%	$	3.48		$	3.10		$	0.38		12	%
Medical care ratio (b)	82.0		%	81.7		%	0.3		%			81.9		%	81.6		%	0.3		%
Operating cost ratio	14.6			15.8			(1.2		)			14.9			16.1			(1.2		)
Operating margin	6.9			8.0			(1.1		)			6.8			7.7			(0.9		)
Tax rate	40.0			42.2			(2.2		)			39.9			42.7			(2.8		)
Net earnings margin (c)	3.8			4.4			(0.6		)			3.7			4.2			(0.5		)
Return on equity (d)	19.6		%	19.5		%	0.1		%			19.2		%	18.5		%	0.7		%

nm= not meaningful


(a)	During the fourth quarter of 2015, we changed our presentation of certain pharmacy fulfillment costs related to its OptumRx business. See Note 1 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information on this reclassification.


(b)	Medical care ratio is calculated as medical costs divided by premium revenue.


(c)	Net earnings margin attributable to UnitedHealth Group shareholders.


(d)	Return on equity is calculated as annualized net earnings divided by average equity. Average equity is calculated using the equity balance at the end of the preceding year and the equity balances at the end of each of the quarters in the period presented.

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SELECTED OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND OTHER SIGNIFICANT ITEMS

The following summarizes select second quarter 2016 year-over-year operating comparisons to second quarter 2015 and other 2016 significant items.


•	Consolidated revenues grew 28% , UnitedHealthcare revenues grew 14% and Optum revenues grew 52% .


•	UnitedHealthcare grew to serve an additional 2.1 million people domestically.


•	Earnings from operations increased 11% , including an increase of 46% at Optum, partially offset by a slight decrease at UnitedHealthcare.


•	Diluted earnings per common share increased 10% to $1.81 .


•	Cash flows from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were $4.0 billion .

2016 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COMPARED TO 2015 RESULTS

Our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the corresponding prior periods were affected by our acquisition of Catamaran Corporation (Catamaran) in the third quarter of 2015.

Consolidated Financial Results

Revenues

The increases in revenues were primarily driven by the effect of the Catamaran acquisition, organic growth in the number of individuals served across our benefits businesses and growth across all of Optum’s businesses.

Medical Costs

Medical costs increased due to risk-based membership growth, medical cost trends and additional ACA-compliant individual product losses. For the six months ended June 30, 2016, these losses were partially offset by higher levels of favorable reserve development.

Operating Cost Ratio

The decreases in our operating cost ratio were due to changes in business mix, including the acquisition of Catamaran.

Income Tax Rate

Our effective tax rates decreased primarily due to the adoption of ASU 2016-09, which we adopted in the first quarter of 2016. See Note 1 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information about the adoption of ASU 2016-09.

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Reportable Segments

See Note 10 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information on our segments. The following table presents a summary of the reportable segment financial information:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Increase/(Decrease)					Six Months Ended June 30,						Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages)	2016			2015			2016 vs. 2015					2016			2015			2016 vs. 2015
Revenues
UnitedHealthcare	$	37,556		$	33,073		$	4,483		14	%	$	73,456		$	65,696		$	7,760		12	%
OptumHealth	4,065			3,438			627			18		8,063			6,727			1,336			20	%
OptumInsight	1,762			1,409			353			25		3,429			2,799			630			23	%
OptumRx	15,073			8,913			6,160			69		29,346			17,208			12,138			71	%
Optum eliminations	(277		)	(172		)	105			61		(531		)	(331		)	200			60	%
Optum	20,623			13,588			7,035			52		40,307			26,403			13,904			53	%
Eliminations	(11,694		)	(10,398		)	1,296			12		(22,751		)	(20,080		)	2,671			13	%
Consolidated revenues	$	46,485		$	36,263		$	10,222		28	%	$	91,012		$	72,019		$	18,993		26	%
Earnings from operations
UnitedHealthcare	$	1,942		$	2,031		$	(89	)	(4	)%	$	3,796		$	3,929		$	(133	)	(3	)%
OptumHealth	304			253			51			20		604			487			117			24	%
OptumInsight	333			271			62			23		579			493			86			17	%
OptumRx	624			340			284			84		1,184			626			558			89	%
Optum	1,261			864			397			46		2,367			1,606			761			47	%
Consolidated earnings from operations	$	3,203		$	2,895		$	308		11	%	$	6,163		$	5,535		$	628		11	%
Operating margin
UnitedHealthcare	5.2		%	6.1		%	(0.9		)%			5.2		%	6.0		%	(0.8		)%
OptumHealth	7.5			7.4			0.1					7.5			7.2			0.3
OptumInsight	18.9			19.2			(0.3		)			16.9			17.6			(0.7		)
OptumRx	4.1			3.8			0.3					4.0			3.6			0.4
Optum	6.1			6.4			(0.3		)			5.9			6.1			(0.2		)
Consolidated operating margin	6.9		%	8.0		%	(1.1		)%			6.8		%	7.7		%	(0.9		)%

UnitedHealthcare

The following table summarizes UnitedHealthcare revenues by business:



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Increase/(Decrease)				Six Months Ended June 30,				Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages)	2016		2015		2016 vs. 2015				2016		2015		2016 vs. 2015
UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual	$	13,509	$	11,845	$	1,664	14	%	$	26,329	$	23,268	$	3,061		13	%
UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement	14,294		12,559		1,735		14		28,359		25,340		3,019			12
UnitedHealthcare Community & State	8,263		7,205		1,058		15		15,991		14,110		1,881			13
UnitedHealthcare Global	1,490		1,464		26		2		2,777		2,978		(201		)	(7	)
Total UnitedHealthcare revenues	$	37,556	$	33,073	$	4,483	14	%	$	73,456	$	65,696	$	7,760		12	%

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The following table summarizes the number of individuals served by our UnitedHealthcare businesses, by major market segment and funding arrangement:



	June 30,		Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands, except percentages)	2016	2015	2016 vs. 2015
Commercial risk-based	8,695	8,105	590		7	%
Commercial fee-based, including TRICARE	21,790	21,295	495		2
Total commercial	30,485	29,400	1,085		4
Medicare Advantage	3,550	3,205	345		11
Medicaid	5,675	5,210	465		9
Medicare Supplement (Standardized)	4,215	3,965	250		6
Total public and senior	13,440	12,380	1,060		9
Total UnitedHealthcare - domestic medical	43,925	41,780	2,145		5
International	4,050	4,080	(30	)	(1	)
Total UnitedHealthcare - medical	47,975	45,860	2,115		5	%
Supplemental Data:
Medicare Part D stand-alone	4,940	5,075	(135	)	(3	)%

Growth in services to the public sector, mid-sized employers, small groups and individuals led the overall increase in people served through risk-based benefit plans in the commercial market. Medicare Advantage increased year-over-year due to growth in people served through individual and employer-sponsored group Medicare Advantage plans. Medicaid growth was driven by the combination of new state-based awards and growth in established programs. Medicare Supplement growth reflected strong customer retention and new sales. The number of people served internationally decreased year-over-year primarily due to pricing increases in response to inflationary economic conditions in Brazil.

UnitedHealthcare’s year-over-year revenue increase was due to growth in the number of individuals served across its businesses and price increases reflecting underlying medical cost trends.

The decreases in UnitedHealthcare’s operating earnings and operating margins year-over-year were driven by ACA-compliant individual product losses. For the six months ended June 30, 2016, these decreases were partially offset by higher levels of favorable reserve development.

Optum

Total revenues and operating earnings increased as each reporting segment reported increased revenues and earnings from operations as a result of the factors discussed below. An increased mix of pharmacy care services business decreased Optum’s operating margins from the prior year.

The results by segment were as follows:

OptumHealth

Revenue and earnings from operations increased at OptumHealth primarily due to growth in its health delivery and population health management businesses, and expansion of behavioral services into new Medicaid markets.

OptumInsight

Revenue and earnings from operations at OptumInsight increased primarily due to growth in technology services, care provider revenue management services and payer service offerings.

OptumRx

Revenue and earnings from operations increased due to Catamaran and organic growth. For more information about Catamaran, see Note 3 in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in our 2015 10-K.

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LIQUIDITY, FINANCIAL CONDITION AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

Summary of our Major Sources and Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents



	Six Months Ended June 30,						Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016 vs. 2015
Sources of cash:
Cash provided by operating activities	$	4,001		$	3,432		$	569
Issuances of commercial paper and long-term debt, net of repayments	1,008			670			338
Proceeds from common stock issuances	254			242			12
Customer funds administered	1,039			941			98
Other	16			48			(32		)
Total sources of cash	6,318			5,333
Uses of cash:
Common stock repurchases	(980		)	(953		)	(27		)
Cash paid for acquisitions and redeemable noncontrolling interest shares, net of cash assumed	(2,292		)	(1,778		)	(514		)
Purchases of investments, net of sales and maturities	(3,581		)	(404		)	(3,177		)
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software, net	(813		)	(716		)	(97		)
Cash dividends paid	(1,071		)	(833		)	(238		)
Other	(352		)	(188		)	(164		)
Total uses of cash	(9,089		)	(4,872		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	65			(69		)	134
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	(2,706	)	$	392		$	(3,098	)

2016 Cash Flows Compared to 2015 Cash Flows

Cash flows provided by operating activities in 2016 increased primarily due to higher net earnings.

Other significant changes in sources or uses of cash year-over-year included increased net purchases of investments and cash paid for acquisitions, partially offset by an increase in proceeds from debt issuances.

Financial Condition

As of June 30, 2016, our cash, cash equivalent and available-for-sale investment balances of $32.7 billion included $8.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents (of which $500 million was available for general corporate use), $22.6 billion of debt securities and $1.8 billion of investments in equity securities. Given the significant portion of our portfolio held in cash equivalents, we do not anticipate fluctuations in the aggregate fair value of our financial assets to have a material impact on our liquidity or capital position. Our available-for-sale debt portfolio had a weighted-average duration of 3.2 years and a weighted-average credit rating of “AA” as of June 30, 2016. When multiple credit ratings are available for an individual security, the average of the available ratings is used to determine the weighted-average credit rating.

Capital Resources and Uses of Liquidity

In addition to cash flows from operations and cash and cash equivalent balances available for general corporate use, our capital resources and uses of liquidity are as follows:

Commercial Paper and Bank Credit Facilities. Our revolving bank credit facilities provide liquidity support for our commercial paper borrowing program, which facilitates the private placement of unsecured debt through third-party broker-dealers, and are available for general corporate purposes. For more information on our commercial paper and bank credit facilities, see Note 7 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Our revolving bank credit facilities contain various covenants, including covenants requiring us to maintain a defined debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio of not more than 55%. As of June 30, 2016, our debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio, as defined and calculated under the credit facilities, was approximately 46%.

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Long-Term Debt. Periodically, we access capital markets and issue long-term debt for general corporate purposes, for example, to meet our working capital requirements, to refinance debt, to finance acquisitions or for share repurchases. In February 2016, we issued debt to repay commercial paper borrowings, which were incurred for general corporate and working capital purposes, and to repay our 5.375% notes that were due March 15, 2016. For more information, see Note 7 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Credit Ratings. Our credit ratings as of June 30, 2016 were as follows:

Moody’s

Standard & Poor’s

Fitch

A.M. Best

Ratings

Outlook

Ratings

Outlook

Ratings

Outlook

Ratings

Outlook

Senior unsecured debt

Negative

A+

Negative

A-

Negative

bbb+

Stable

Commercial paper

P-2

n/a

A-1

n/a

AMB-2

n/a

The availability of financing in the form of debt or equity is influenced by many factors, including our profitability, operating cash flows, debt levels, credit ratings, debt covenants and other contractual restrictions, regulatory requirements and economic and market conditions. For example, a significant downgrade in our credit ratings or adverse conditions in the capital markets may increase the cost of borrowing for us or limit our access to capital.

Share Repurchase Program. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , we repurchased 8 million shares at an average price of $125.80 per share. As of June 30, 2016 , we had Board authorization to purchase up to an additional 53 million shares of our common stock.

Dividends. In June 2016, our Board increased our quarterly cash dividend to shareholders to an annual dividend rate of $2.50 per share. For more information on our dividend, see Note 8 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

For additional liquidity discussion, see Note 11 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 in our 2015 10-K.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS

A summary of future obligations under our various contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2015 was disclosed in our 2015 10-K. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , there were no material changes to this previously disclosed information outside the ordinary course of business. However, we continually evaluate opportunities to expand our operations, including through internal development of new products, programs and technology applications and acquisitions.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

See Note 1 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements that affect us.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to make judgments, assumptions and estimates, which we believe are reasonable and prudent based on the available facts and circumstances. These judgments, assumptions and estimates affect certain of our revenues and expenses and their related balance sheet accounts and disclosure of our contingent liabilities. We base our assumptions and estimates primarily on historical experience and consider known and projected trends. On an ongoing basis, we re-evaluate our selection of assumptions and the method of calculating our estimates. Actual results, however, may materially differ from our calculated estimates and this difference would be reported in our current operations.

Our critical accounting estimates include medical costs payable, revenues, goodwill and intangible assets and investments. For a detailed description of our critical accounting estimates, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our 2015 10-K. For a detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements” in our 2015 10-K.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The statements, estimates, projections, guidance or outlook contained in this document include “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the PSLRA. These statements are intended to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the

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PSLRA. Generally the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “forecast,” “plan,” “project,” “should” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, which generally are not historical in nature. These statements may contain information about financial prospects, economic conditions and trends and involve risks and uncertainties. We caution that actual results could differ materially from those that management expects, depending on the outcome of certain factors.

Some factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from results discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements include: our ability to effectively estimate, price for and manage our medical costs, including the impact of any new coverage requirements; new laws or regulations, or changes in existing laws or regulations, or their enforcement or application, including increases in medical, administrative, technology or other costs or decreases in enrollment resulting from U.S., Brazilian and other jurisdictions’ regulations affecting the health care industry; assessments for insolvent payers under state guaranty fund laws; our ability to achieve improvement in CMS Star ratings and other quality scores that impact revenue; reductions in revenue or delays to cash flows received under Medicare, Medicaid and TRICARE programs, including sequestration and the effects of a prolonged U.S. government shutdown or debt ceiling constraints; changes in Medicare, including changes in payment methodology, the CMS Star ratings program or the application of risk adjustment data validation audits; our participation in federal and state health insurance exchanges which entail uncertainties associated with mix and volume of business; cyber-attacks or other privacy or data security incidents; failure to comply with privacy and data security regulations; regulatory and other risks and uncertainties of the pharmacy benefits management industry; competitive pressures, which could affect our ability to maintain or increase our market share; challenges to our public sector contract awards; our ability to execute contracts on competitive terms with physicians, hospitals and other service providers; failure to achieve targeted operating cost productivity improvements, including savings resulting from technology enhancement and administrative modernization; increases in costs and other liabilities associated with increased litigation, government investigations, audits or reviews; failure to manage successfully our strategic alliances or complete or receive anticipated benefits of acquisitions and other strategic transactions, including our acquisition of Catamaran; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on our reported shareholders’ equity and results of operations; downgrades in our credit ratings; adverse economic conditions, including decreases in enrollment resulting from increases in the unemployment rate and commercial attrition; the performance of our investment portfolio; impairment of the value of our goodwill and intangible assets in connection with dispositions or if estimated future results do not adequately support goodwill and intangible assets recorded for our existing businesses or the businesses that we acquire; increases in health care costs resulting from large-scale medical emergencies; failure to maintain effective and efficient information systems or if our technology products do not operate as intended; and our ability to obtain sufficient funds from our regulated subsidiaries or the debt or capital markets to fund our obligations, to maintain our debt to total capital ratio at targeted levels, to maintain our quarterly dividend payment cycle or to continue repurchasing shares of our common stock.

This list of important factors is not intended to be exhaustive. We discuss certain of these matters more fully, as well as certain risk factors that may affect our business operations, financial condition and results of operations, in our other periodic and current filings with the SEC, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. Any or all forward-looking statements we make may turn out to be wrong, and can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. By their nature, forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict or quantify. Actual future results may vary materially from expectations expressed or implied in this document or any of our prior communications. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake to update or revise any forward-looking statements, except as required by applicable securities laws.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our primary market risks are exposures to changes in interest rates that impact our investment income and interest expense and the fair value of certain of our fixed-rate investments and debt, as well as foreign currency exchange rate risk of the U.S. dollar, primarily to the Brazilian real.

We manage exposure to market interest rates by diversifying investments across different fixed income market sectors and debt across maturities, as well as by endeavoring to match our floating-rate assets and liabilities over time, either directly or through the use of interest rate swap contracts. Unrealized gains and losses on investments in available-for-sale securities are reported in comprehensive income.

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The following table summarizes the impact of hypothetical changes in market interest rates across the entire yield curve by 1% point or 2% points as of June 30, 2016 on our investment income and interest expense per annum, and the fair value of our investments and debt (in millions, except percentages):



	June 30, 2016
Increase (Decrease) in Market Interest Rate	Investment Income Per Annum (a)			Interest Expense Per Annum (a)			Fair Value of Financial Assets (b)			Fair Value of Financial Liabilities
2 %	$	216		$	254		$	(1,599	)	$	(3,821	)
1	108			127			(804		)	(2,061		)
(1)	(81		)	(59		)	715			2,422
(2)	nm			nm			874			4,906

nm = not meaningful


(a)	Given the low absolute level of short-term market rates on our floating-rate assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2016 , the assumed hypothetical change in interest rates does not reflect the full 100 basis point reduction in interest income or interest expense as the rate cannot fall below zero and thus the 200 basis point reduction is not meaningful.


(b)	As of June 30, 2016 , some of our investments had interest rates below 2% so the assumed hypothetical change in the fair value of investments does not reflect the full 200 basis point reduction.

We have an exposure to changes in the value of the Brazilian real to the U.S. dollar in translation of Amil’s operating results at the average exchange rate over the accounting period, and Amil’s assets and liabilities at the spot rate at the end of the accounting period. The gains or losses resulting from translating foreign assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars are included in equity and comprehensive income in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

An appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Brazilian real reduces the carrying value of the net assets denominated in the Brazilian real. For example, as of June 30, 2016 , a hypothetical 10% and 25% increase in the value of the U.S. dollar against the Brazilian real would have caused a reduction in net assets of approximately $360 million and $795 million, respectively. We manage exposure to foreign currency risk by conducting our international business operations primarily in their functional currencies.


ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

In connection with the filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, management evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2016 . Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2016 .

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

A description of our legal proceedings is included in and incorporated by reference to Note 9 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this report.


ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our 2015 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks

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described in our 2015 10-K are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or future results.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our 2015 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (a)

Second Quarter 2016



For the Month Ended	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under The Plans or Programs
	(in millions)			(in millions)	(in millions)
April 30, 2016	4	$	133	4	53
May 31, 2016	—	—		—	53
June 30, 2016	—	—		—	53
Total	4	$	133	4

(a)

In November 1997, our Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase program, which the Board evaluates periodically. In June 2014, the Board renewed our share repurchase program with an authorization to repurchase up to 100 million shares of our common stock in open market purchases or other types of transactions (including prepaid or structured repurchase programs). There is no established expiration date for the program.

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ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS**

The following exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference herein in response to Item 601 of Regulation S-K. The Company files Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 under Commission File No. 1-10864.



3.1			Certificate of Incorporation of UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A filed on July 1, 2015)
3.2			Bylaws of UnitedHealth Group Incorporated, effective February 9, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 9, 2016)
4.1			Senior Indenture, dated as of November 15, 1998, between United HealthCare Corporation and The Bank of New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A, SEC File Number 333-66013, filed on January 11, 1999)
4.2			Amendment, dated as of November 6, 2000, to Senior Indenture, dated as of November 15, 1998, between UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and The Bank of New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001)
4.3			Instrument of Resignation, Appointment and Acceptance of Trustee, dated January 8, 2007, pursuant to the Senior Indenture, dated as of November 15, 1998, amended November 6, 2000, among UnitedHealth Group Incorporated, The Bank of New York and Wilmington Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2007)
4.4			Indenture, dated as of February 4, 2008, between UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, SEC File Number 333-149031, filed on February 4, 2008)
10.1*			Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2016, between United HealthCare Services, Inc. and John Rex
10.2*			Amendment to Agreement for Supplemental Executive Retirement Pay, dated as of June 7, 2016, between UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and Stephen J. Hemsley
12.1			Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
31.1			Certifications pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1			Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101			The following materials from UnitedHealth Group Incorporated’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 filed on August 2, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

________________



*		Denotes management contracts and compensation plans in which certain directors and named executive officers participate and which are being filed pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K.
**		Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, copies of instruments defining the rights of certain holders of long-term debt are not filed. The Company will furnish copies thereof to the SEC upon request.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

UNITEDHEALTH GROUP INCORPORATED



/s/ S TEPHEN J. H EMSLEY	Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)	Dated:	August 2, 2016
Stephen J. Hemsley	Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

/s/ J OHN F. R EX	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer)	Dated:	August 2, 2016
John F. Rex

/ S/ T HOMAS E. R OOS	Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (principal accounting officer)	Dated:	August 2, 2016
Thomas E. Roos

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EXHIBIT INDEX**



3.1			Certificate of Incorporation of UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A filed on July 1, 2015)
3.2			Bylaws of UnitedHealth Group Incorporated, effective February 9, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 9, 2016)
4.1			Senior Indenture, dated as of November 15, 1998, between United HealthCare Corporation and The Bank of New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A, SEC File Number 333-66013, filed on January 11, 1999)
4.2			Amendment, dated as of November 6, 2000, to Senior Indenture, dated as of November 15, 1998, between UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and The Bank of New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001)
4.3			Instrument of Resignation, Appointment and Acceptance of Trustee, dated January 8, 2007, pursuant to the Senior Indenture, dated as of November 15, 1998, amended November 6, 2000, among UnitedHealth Group Incorporated, The Bank of New York and Wilmington Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2007)
4.4			Indenture, dated as of February 4, 2008, between UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, SEC File Number 333-149031, filed on February 4, 2008)
10.1*			Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2016, between United HealthCare Services, Inc. and John Rex
10.2*			Amendment to Agreement for Supplemental Executive Retirement Pay, dated as of June 7, 2016, between UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and Stephen J. Hemsley
12.1			Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
31.1			Certifications pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1			Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101			The following materials from UnitedHealth Group Incorporated’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 filed on August 2, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

________________



*		Denotes management contracts and compensation plans in which certain directors and named executive officers participate and which are being filed pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K.
**		Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, copies of instruments defining the rights of certain holders of long-term debt are not filed. The Company will furnish copies thereof to the SEC upon request.

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Part Iprint Item 1. Financial Statementsprint Item 2. Management S Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operationsprint Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Riskprint Item 4. Controls and Proceduresprint Part II. Other Informationprint Item 1. Legal Proceedingsprint Item 1A. Risk Factorsprint Item 2. Unregistered Sale Of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceedsprint Item 6. Exhibits**print

Customer name	Ticker
DaVita Inc.	DVA
The Kroger Co.	KR

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AbbVie Inc.	ABBV
Abbott Laboratories	ABT
Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation	CTSH
Johnson & Johnson	JNJ
Gilead Sciences, Inc.	GILD
Eli Lilly and Company	LLY
Pfizer Inc.	PFE

UNH 10-Q Quarter ended June 30, 2016