WABC 10-Q Quarterly Report Sept. 30, 2020

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION

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wabc20200930_10q.htm

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30 , 20 20

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to __________.

Commission file number: 001- 0 9383

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

California

94-2156203

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1108 Fifth Avenue , San Rafael , California 94901

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code ( 707 ) 863-6000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par value	WABC	The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☐	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

Title of Class

Common Stock,

Shares outstanding as of October 29, 2020

No Par Value

26,868,988

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
Forward Looking Statements		3
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1	Financial Statements	4
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	33
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	56
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	56
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	56
Item 1A	Risk Factors	56
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	58
Item 3	Defaults upon Senior Securities	58
Item 4	Mine Safety Disclosures	58
Item 5	Other Information	58
Item 6	Exhibits	59
Signatures		60

-2-

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements about Westamerica Bancorporation (the “Company”) for which it claims the protection of the safe harbor provisions contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, future credit quality and performance, the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses, loan growth or reduction, mitigation of risk in the Company’s loan and investment securities portfolios, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations of the Company or its management or board of directors, including those relating to products or services; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as "believes", "anticipates", "expects", “estimates”, "intends", "targeted", "projected", “forecast”, "continue", "remain", "will", "should", "may" and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

These forward-looking statements are based on Management’s current knowledge and belief and include information concerning the Company’s possible or assumed future financial condition and results of operations. A number of factors, some of which are beyond the Company’s ability to predict or control, could cause future results to differ materially from those contemplated. These factors include but are not limited to (1) the length and severity of difficulties in the global, national and California economies and the effects of government efforts to address those difficulties; (2) liquidity levels in capital markets; (3) fluctuations in asset prices including, but not limited to stocks, bonds, real estate, and commodities; (4) the effect of acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses; (5) economic uncertainty created by riots, terrorist threats and attacks on the United States, the actions taken in response, and the uncertain effect of these events on the local, regional and national economies; (6) changes in the interest rate environment; (7) changes in the regulatory environment; (8) competitive pressure in the banking industry; (9) operational risks including a failure or breach in data processing or security systems or those of third party vendors and other service providers, including as a result of cyber attacks or fraud; (10) volatility of interest rate sensitive loans, deposits and investments; (11) asset/liability management risks and liquidity risks; (12) the effect of natural disasters, including earthquakes, fire, flood, drought, pandemics and other disasters on the Company, including on the uninsured value of the Company’s assets and of loan collateral, the financial condition of debtors and issuers of investment securities, the economic conditions affecting the Company’s market place, and commodities and asset values; (13) changes in the securities markets; and (14) the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and governmental responses to the pandemic; and (15) the outcome of contingencies, such as legal proceedings. However, the reader should not consider the above-mentioned factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements in this report to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date forward looking statements are made, except as may be required by law. The reader is directed to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and Part II – Item 1A of this report, for further discussion of factors which could affect the Company's business and cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement made in this report.

-3-

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 Financial Statements

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)

	At September 30,			At December 31,
	2020			2019
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	398,964		$	373,421
Debt securities available for sale		3,983,994			3,078,846
Debt securities held to maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of $ 16 at September 30, 2020 and $ - at December 31, 2019 (Fair value of $ 593,701 at September 30, 2020 and $ 744,296 at December 31, 2019)		577,795			738,072
Loans		1,310,009			1,126,664
Allowance for credit losses on loans		( 24,142	)		( 19,484	)
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses on loans		1,285,867			1,107,180
Other real estate owned		43			43
Premises and equipment, net		33,437			34,597
Identifiable intangibles, net		1,173			1,391
Goodwill		121,673			121,673
Other assets		160,269			164,332
Total Assets	$	6,563,215		$	5,619,555

Liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	2,684,028		$	2,240,112
Interest-bearing deposits		2,855,162			2,572,509
Total deposits		5,539,190			4,812,621
Short-term borrowed funds		107,973			30,928
Other liabilities		90,476			44,589
Total Liabilities		5,737,639			4,888,138

Contingencies (Note 10)

Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock ( no par value), authorized - 150,000 shares Issued and outstanding: 26,898 at September 30, 2020 and 27,062 at December 31, 2019		467,201			465,460
Deferred compensation		35			771
Accumulated other comprehensive income		103,623			26,051
Retained earnings		254,717			239,135
Total Shareholders' Equity		825,576			731,417
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	6,563,215		$	5,619,555

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

-4-

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(unaudited)

	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Interest and Loan Fee Income:
Loans	$	15,291	$	14,431	$	44,378	$	44,050
Equity securities		103		92		309		289
Debt securities available for sale		22,652		18,736		66,396		54,080
Debt securities held to maturity		3,235		4,535		10,759		14,788
Interest-bearing cash		84		1,901		1,053		5,597
Total Interest and Loan Fee Income		41,365		39,695		122,895		118,804
Interest Expense:
Deposits		450		447		1,308		1,410
Short-term borrowed funds		16		8		34		27
Other borrowed funds		-		-		1		-
Total Interest Expense		466		455		1,343		1,437
Net Interest and Loan Fee Income		40,899		39,240		121,552		117,367
Provision for Credit Losses		-		-		4,300		-
Net Interest and Loan Fee Income After Provision for Credit Losses		40,899		39,240		117,252		117,367
Noninterest Income:
Service charges on deposit accounts		3,298		4,510		10,697		13,508
Merchant processing services		2,860		2,494		7,495		7,708
Debit card fees		1,611		1,641		4,538		4,789
Trust fees		756		733		2,247		2,199
ATM processing fees		606		725		1,703		2,080
Other service fees		454		580		1,380		1,742
Financial services commissions		58		75		306		270
Life insurance gains		-		-		-		433
Securities gains		-		-		71		50
Other noninterest income		833		1,051		3,241		2,897
Total Noninterest Income		10,476		11,809		31,678		35,676
Noninterest Expense:
Salaries and related benefits		12,540		12,559		38,458		38,757
Occupancy and equipment		5,014		5,199		14,737		15,163
Outsourced data processing services		2,338		2,374		7,067		7,110
Professional fees		669		645		1,701		1,791
Courier service		500		456		1,499		1,349
Amortization of identifiable intangibles		72		76		218		465
Loss contingency		-		-		-		553
Other noninterest expense		3,470		2,724		10,341		9,589
Total Noninterest Expense		24,603		24,033		74,021		74,777
Income Before Income Taxes		26,772		27,016		74,909		78,266
Provision for income taxes		6,721		6,626		18,334		18,605
Net Income	$	20,051	$	20,390	$	56,575	$	59,661

Average Common Shares Outstanding		26,930		26,986		26,977		26,924
Average Diluted Common Shares Outstanding		26,946		27,027		26,998		26,976
Per Common Share Data:
Basic earnings	$	0.74	$	0.76	$	2.10	$	2.22
Diluted earnings		0.74		0.75		2.10		2.21
Dividends paid		0.41		0.41		1.23		1.22

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

-5-

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(unaudited)

	For the Three Months						For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	(In thousands)
Net income	$	20,051		$	20,390		$	56,575		$	59,661
Other comprehensive income:
Changes in unrealized gains on debt securities available for sale		14,042			10,407			110,200			85,822
Deferred tax expense		( 4,151	)		( 3,077	)		( 32,578	)		( 25,372	)
Reclassification of gains included in net income		-			-			( 71	)		-
Deferred tax expense on gains included in net income		-			-			21			-
Changes in net unrealized gains on debt securities available for sale, net of tax		9,891			7,330			77,572			60,450
Total comprehensive income	$	29,942		$	27,720		$	134,147		$	120,111

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

-6-

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(unaudited)

										Accumulated
	Common									Other
	Shares			Common			Deferred			Comprehensive			Retained
	Outstanding			Stock			Compensation			Income (Loss)			Earnings			Total
	(In thousands except dividend per share)

Balance, June 30, 2020		26,933		$	467,351		$	35		$	93,732		$	246,958		$	808,076
Net income for the period														20,051			20,051
Other comprehensive income											9,891						9,891
Stock based compensation		-			450												450
Stock awarded to employees		-			19												19
Retirement of common stock		( 35	)		( 619	)								( 1,249	)		( 1,868	)
Dividends ($ 0.41 per share)														( 11,043	)		( 11,043	)
Balance, September 30, 2020		26,898		$	467,201		$	35		$	103,623		$	254,717		$	825,576

Balance, December 31, 2019		27,062		$	465,460		$	771		$	26,051		$	239,135		$	731,417
Adoption of ASU 2016-13														52			52
Adjusted Balance, January 1, 2020		27,062			465,460			771			26,051			239,187			731,469
Net income for the period														56,575			56,575
Other comprehensive income											77,572						77,572
Exercise of stock options		53			2,838												2,838
Restricted stock activity		10			1,270			( 736	)								534
Stock based compensation		-			1,500												1,500
Stock awarded to employees		1			85												85
Retirement of common stock		( 228	)		( 3,952	)								( 7,782	)		( 11,734	)
Dividends ($ 1.23 per share)														( 33,263	)		( 33,263	)
Balance, September 30, 2020		26,898		$	467,201		$	35		$	103,623		$	254,717		$	825,576

Balance, June 30, 2019		26,962		$	459,369		$	771		$	13,124		$	220,173		$	693,437
Net income for the period														20,390			20,390
Other comprehensive income											7,330						7,330
Exercise of stock options		52			2,867												2,867
Stock based compensation		-			402												402
Stock awarded to employees		-			15												15
Dividends ($ 0.41 per share)														( 11,063	)		( 11,063	)
Balance, September 30, 2019		27,014		$	462,653		$	771		$	20,454		$	229,500		$	713,378

Balance, December 31, 2018		26,730		$	448,351		$	1,395		$	( 39,996	)	$	205,841		$	615,591
Cumulative effect of bond premium amortization adjustment, net of tax														( 2,801	)		( 2,801	)
Adjusted Balance, January 1, 2019		26,730			448,351			1,395			( 39,996	)		203,040			612,790
Net income for the period														59,661			59,661
Other comprehensive income											60,450						60,450
Shares issued from stock warrant exercise, net of repurchase		51			-												-
Exercise of stock options		222			11,177												11,177
Restricted stock activity		18			1,697			( 624	)								1,073
Stock based compensation		-			1,484												1,484
Stock awarded to employees		1			80												80
Retirement of common stock		( 8	)		( 136	)								( 352	)		( 488	)
Dividends ($ 1.22 per share)														( 32,849	)		( 32,849	)
Balance, September 30, 2019		27,014		$	462,653		$	771		$	20,454		$	229,500		$	713,378

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

-7-

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)

	For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	*2020*			*2019*
	(In thousands)
Operating Activities:
Net income	$	56,575		$	59,661
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		18,482			15,178
Provision for credit losses		4,300			-
Net amortization of deferred loan fees		( 2,803	)		( 215	)
Stock option compensation expense		1,500			1,484
Life insurance gains		-			( 433	)
Securities gains		( 71	)		( 50	)
Net changes in:
Interest income receivable		( 1,982	)		323
Other assets		( 4,397	)		( 2,073	)
Income taxes payable		( 520	)		( 3,386	)
Net deferred tax asset		325			6,386
Interest expense payable		33			19
Other liabilities		24,798			( 12,233	)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities		96,240			64,661
Investing Activities:
Net (disbursements) repayments of loans		( 181,894	)		73,026
Proceeds from life insurance policies		-			1,273
Purchases of debt securities available for sale		( 1,612,633	)		( 732,690	)
Proceeds from sale of equity securities		-			1,797
Proceeds from sale/maturity/calls of debt securities available for sale		807,064			502,928
Proceeds from maturity/calls of debt securities held to maturity		156,993			184,525
Purchases of premises and equipment		( 1,682	)		( 2,495	)
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed assets		-			307
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities		( 832,152	)		28,671
Financing Activities:
Net change in deposits		726,569			( 70,216	)
Net change in short-term borrowings		77,045			( 5,601	)
Exercise of stock options		2,838			11,177
Retirement of common stock		( 11,734	)		( 488	)
Common stock dividends paid		( 33,263	)		( 32,849	)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities		761,455			( 97,977	)
Net Change In Cash and Due from Banks		25,543			( 4,645	)
Cash and Due from Banks at Beginning of Period		373,421			420,284
Cash and Due from Banks at End of Period	$	398,964		$	415,639

Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures:
Supplemental disclosure of non cash activities:
Right-of-use assets acquired in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	6,457		$	23,587
Amount recognized upon initial adoption of ASU 2016-02 included above		-			15,325
Securities purchases pending settlement		-			20,114
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow activities:
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities		4,905			5,123
Interest paid for the period		1,310			1,417
Income tax payments for the period		18,708			16,021

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

-8-

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1: Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and follow general practices within the banking industry. The results of operations reflect interim adjustments, all of which are of a normal recurring nature and which, in the opinion of Management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes as well as other information included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10 -K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Note 2: Accounting Policies

The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in Note 1 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10 -K for the year ended December 31, 2019. These policies, along with the disclosures presented in the other financial statement notes and in this discussion, provide information on how significant assets and liabilities are valued in the financial statements and how those values are determined. Based on the valuation techniques used and the sensitivity of financial statement amounts to the methods, assumptions, and estimates underlying those amounts, it is reasonably possible conditions could change materially affecting results of operations and financial conditions.

Application of these principles requires the Company to make certain estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions, and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates, assumptions, and judgments. Certain accounting policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and as such have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Estimates, assumptions and judgments are necessary when assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value, when a decline in the value of an asset not carried on the financial statements at fair value warrants a writedown or valuation reserve to be established, or when an asset or liability needs to be recorded contingent upon a future event. Carrying assets and liabilities at fair value inherently results in more financial statement volatility. The fair values and the information used to record valuation adjustments for certain assets and liabilities are based either on quoted market prices or are provided by other third -party sources, when available.

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company adopted the following new accounting guidance:

FASB ASU 2016 - 13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326 ): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, was issued on June 16, 2016. The ASU significantly changed estimates for credit losses related to financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other contracts. For estimating credit losses, the FASB replaced the incurred loss model with the current expected credit loss (CECL) model, which accelerated recognition of credit losses. Additionally, credit losses relating to debt securities available-for-sale are recorded through an allowance for credit losses under the new standard. The Company is also required to provide additional disclosures related to the financial assets within the scope of the new standard.

The Company adopted the ASU provisions on a modified retrospective basis on January 1, 2020. Management evaluated available data, defined portfolio segments of loans with similar attributes, and selected loss estimate models for each identified loan portfolio segment. Management measured historical loss rates for each portfolio segment. Management also segmented debt securities held to maturity, selected methods to estimate losses for each segment, and measured a loss estimate. Agency mortgage-backed securities were assigned no credit loss allowance due to the perceived backing of government sponsored entities. Municipal securities were evaluated for risk of default based on credit rating and remaining term to maturity using Moody’s risk of default factors; Moody’s loss upon default factors were applied to the assumed defaulted principal amounts to estimate the amount for credit loss allowance. The adjustment to the allowance for credit losses was recorded through an offsetting after-tax adjustment to shareholders’ equity. The implementing entry increased allowance for credit losses by $ 2,017 thousand, reduced allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments by $ 2,107 thousand and increased retained earnings by $ 52 thousand.

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The following table summarizes the impact of adoption of ASU 2016 - 13.

	January 1, 2020
	Balance,		Impact of			As reported
	prior to adoption		adoption of			under
	of ASU 2016-13		ASU 2016-13			ASU 2016-13
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Allowance for credit losses on loans:
Commercial	$	4,959	$	3,385		$	8,344
Commercial real estate		4,064		618			4,682
Construction		109		( 31	)		78
Residential real estate		206		( 132	)		74
Consumer and other installment loans		6,445		1,878			8,323
Unallocated		3,701		( 3,701	)		-
Allowance for credit losses on loans:	$	19,484	$	2,017		$	21,501

Allowance for credit losses on debt securities held to maturity		-		16			16

Liabilities
Allowance for credit losses for unfunded commitments		2,160		( 2,107	)		53

Debt Securities. Debt securities consist of the U.S. Treasury, securities of government sponsored entities, states, counties, municipalities, corporations, agency and non-agency mortgage-backed securities, and collateralized loan obligations. Securities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. The Company classifies its debt securities in one of three categories: trading, available for sale or held to maturity. Trading securities are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. Trading securities are recorded at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in net income. Held to maturity debt securities are those securities which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. Held to maturity debt securities are recorded at cost, adjusted for the amortization of premiums or accretion of discounts. Securities not included in trading or held to maturity are classified as available for sale debt securities. Available for sale debt securities are recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available for sale debt securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. Accrued interest is recorded within other assets and reversed against interest income if it is not received.

The Company utilizes third -party sources to value its investment securities; securities individually valued using quoted prices in active markets are classified as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy, and securities valued using quoted prices in active markets for similar securities (commonly referred to as “matrix” pricing) are classified as Level 2 assets in the fair value hierarchy. The Company validates the reliability of third -party provided values by comparing individual security pricing for securities between more than one third -party source. When third -party information is not available, valuation adjustments are estimated in good faith by Management and classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company follows the guidance issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, “Investing in Securities without Reliance on Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Agencies” (SR 12 - 15 ) and other regulatory guidance when performing investment security pre-purchase analysis or evaluating investment securities for credit loss. Credit ratings issued by recognized rating agencies are considered in the Company’s analysis only as a guide to the historical default rate associated with similarly-rated bonds.

To the extent that debt securities in the held-to-maturity portfolio share common risk characteristics, estimated expected credit losses are calculated in a manner like that used for loans held for investment. That is, for pools of such securities with common risk characteristics, the historical lifetime probability of default and severity of loss in the event of default is derived or obtained from external sources and adjusted for the expected effects of reasonable and supportable forecasts over the expected lives of the securities on those historical credit losses. Expected credit loss on each security in the held-to-maturity portfolio that do not share common risk characteristics with any of the pools of debt securities is individually evaluated and a reserve for credit losses is established at the difference between the discounted value of the expected future cash flows, based on the original effective interest rate, and the recorded amortized cost basis of the security. For certain classes of debt securities, the bank considers the history of credit losses, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts, which may indicate that the expectation that nonpayment of the amortized cost basis is or continues to be zero. Therefore, for those securities, the bank does not record expected credit losses.

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AFS debt securities in unrealized loss positions are evaluated for credit related loss at least quarterly. For AFS debt securities, a decline in fair value due to credit loss results in recording an allowance for credit losses to the extent the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Declines in fair value that have not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses, such as declines due to changes in market interest rates, are recorded through other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. Although these evaluations involve significant judgment, an unrealized loss in the fair value of a debt security is generally considered to not be related to credit when the fair value of the security is below the carrying value primarily due to changes in risk-free interest rates, there has not been significant deterioration in the financial condition of the issuer, and the Company does not intend to sell nor does it believe it will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its cost basis.

If the Company intends to sell a debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the debt security is written down to its fair value and the write down is charged against the allowance for credit losses with any incremental loss reported in earnings.

Purchase premiums are amortized to the earliest call date and purchase discounts are amortized to maturity as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. Unamortized premiums, unaccreted discounts, and early payment premiums are recognized as a component of gain or loss on sale upon disposition of the related security. Interest and dividend income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available for sale securities are included in earnings using the specific identification method.

Nonmarketable Equity Securities. Nonmarketable equity securities include securities that are not publicly traded, such as Visa Class B common stock, and securities acquired to meet regulatory requirements, such as Federal Reserve Bank stock, which are restricted. These restricted securities are accounted for under the cost method and are included in other assets. The Company reviews those assets accounted for under the cost method at least quarterly. The Company’s review typically includes an analysis of the facts and circumstances of each investment, the expectations for the investment’s cash flows and capital needs, the viability of its business model and any exit strategy. When the review indicates that impairment exists the asset value is reduced to fair value. The Company recognizes the estimated loss in noninterest income.

Loans. Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned discount and unamortized deferred fees and costs. Interest is accrued daily on the outstanding principal balances and included in other assets. Loans which are more than 90 days delinquent with respect to interest or principal, unless they are well secured and in the process of collection, and other loans on which full recovery of principal or interest is in doubt, are placed on nonaccrual status. Interest previously accrued on loans placed on nonaccrual status is charged against interest income. In addition, some loans secured by real estate and commercial loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties are placed on nonaccrual status even though the borrowers continue to repay the loans as scheduled. When the ability to fully collect nonaccrual loan principal is in doubt, payments received are applied against the principal balance of the loans on a cost-recovery method until such time as full collection of the remaining recorded balance is expected. Any additional interest payments received after that time are recorded as interest income on a cash basis. Nonaccrual loans are reinstated to accrual status when none of the loan’s principal and interest is past due and improvements in credit quality eliminate doubt as to the full collectability of both principal and interest, or the loan otherwise becomes well secured and in the process of collection. Certain consumer loans or auto receivables are charged off against the allowance for credit losses when they become 120 days past due.

A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) occurs when the Company, for reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower it would not otherwise consider. The Company follows its general nonaccrual policy for TDRs. Performing TDRs are reinstated to accrual status when improvements in credit quality eliminate the doubt as to full collectability of both principal and interest. Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), banks may elect to deem that loan modifications do not result in TDRs if they are ( 1 ) related to the novel coronavirus disease; ( 2 ) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and ( 3 ) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the National Emergency or (B) December 31, 2020.

Allowance for Credit Losses. The Company extends loans to commercial and consumer customers primarily in Northern and Central California. These lending activities expose the Company to the risk borrowers will default, causing loan losses. The Company’s lending activities are exposed to various qualitative risks. All loan segments are exposed to risks inherent in the economy and market conditions. Significant risk characteristics related to the commercial loan segment include the borrowers’ business performance and financial condition, and the value of collateral for secured loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the commercial real estate segment include the borrowers’ business performance and the value of properties collateralizing the loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the construction loan segment include the borrowers’ performance in successfully developing the real estate into the intended purpose and the value of the property collateralizing the loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the residential real estate segment include the borrowers’ financial wherewithal to service the mortgages and the value of the property collateralizing the loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the consumer loan segment include the financial condition of the borrowers and the value of collateral securing the loans.

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The preparation of these financial statements requires Management to estimate the amount of expected losses over the expected contractual life of our existing loan portfolio and establish an allowance for credit losses. Loan agreements generally include a maturity date, and the Company considers the contractual life of a loan agreement to extend from the date of origination to the contractual maturity date. In estimating credit losses, Management must exercise significant judgment in evaluating information deemed relevant. The amount of ultimate losses on the loan portfolio can vary from the estimated amounts. Management follows a systematic methodology to estimate loss potential in an effort to reduce the differences between estimated and actual losses.

The allowance for credit losses is established through provisions for credit losses charged to income. Losses on loans are charged to the allowance for credit losses when all or a portion of the recorded amount of a loan is deemed to be uncollectible. Recoveries of loans previously charged off are credited to the allowance when realized. The Company’s allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for expected losses based on historical loss rates adjusted for current and expected conditions over a forecast period. These include conditions unique to individual borrowers, as well as overall credit loss experience, the amount of past due, nonperforming and classified loans, recommendations of regulatory authorities, prevailing economic conditions, or credit protection agreements and other factors.

Loans that share common risk characteristics are segregated into pools based on common characteristics, which is primarily determined by loan, borrower, or collateral type. Historical loss rates are determined for each pool. For consumer installment loans, primarily secured by automobiles, historical loss rates are determined using a vintage methodology, which tracks losses based on period of origination. For commercial, construction, and commercial real estate, historical loss rates are determined using an open pool methodology where losses are tracked over time for all loans included in the pool at the historical measurement date. Historical loss rates are adjusted for factors that are not reflected in the historical loss rates that are attributable to national or local economic or industry trends which have occurred but have not yet been recognized in past loan charge-off history, estimated losses based on management’s reasonable and supportable expectation of economic trends over a forecast horizon of up to two years, and other factors that impact credit loss expectations that are not reflected in the historical loss rates. Other factors include, but are not limited to, the effectiveness of the Company’s loan review system, adequacy of lending Management and staff, loan policies and procedures, problem loan trends, and concentrations of credit. At the end of the two -year forecast period loss rates revert immediately to the historical loss rates. The results of this analysis are applied to the amortized cost of the loans included within each pool.

Loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans in the pools are evaluated individually. A loan is considered ‘collateral-dependent’ when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. A credit loss reserve for collateral-dependent loans is established at the difference between the amortized cost basis in the loan and the fair value of the underlying collateral adjusted for costs to sell. For other individually evaluated loans that are not collateral dependent, a credit loss reserve is established at the difference between the amortized cost basis in the loan and the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. The impact of an expected TDR modification is included in the allowance for credit losses when management determines a TDR modification is likely.

Accrued interest is recorded in other assets and is excluded from the estimation of expected credit loss. Accrued interest is reversed through interest income when amounts are determined to be uncollectible, which generally occurs when the underlying receivable is placed on nonaccrual status or charged off.

Liability for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures. Off-balance sheet credit exposures relate to letters of credit and unfunded loan commitments for commercial, construction and consumer loans. The Company maintains a separate allowance for credit losses from off-balance-sheet credit exposures, which is included within other liabilities on the consolidated statements of financial condition. Increases or reductions to the Company’s allowance for credit losses from off-balance sheet credit exposures are recorded in other expenses. Management estimates the amount of expected losses by estimating expected usage exposures that are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company and applying the loss factors used in the allowance for credit loss methodology to estimate the liability for credit losses related to unfunded commitments. No credit loss estimate is reported for off-balance-sheet credit exposures that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company or for undrawn amounts under such arrangements that may be drawn prior to the cancellation of the arrangement.

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FASB ASU 2018 - 13 , Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820 ): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement , was issued August 2018. The ASU is part of the disclosure framework project, where the primary focus is to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in the financial statements. The ASU removes, modifies and adds disclosure requirements related to Fair Value Measurements.

The provisions of the ASU were effective January 1, 2020 with the option to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of the ASU. The Company early adopted the provisions to remove and/or modify relevant disclosures in the “Fair Value Measurements” note to the unaudited consolidated financial statements. The requirement to include additional disclosures was adopted by the Company January 1, 2020. The additional disclosures did not affect the financial results upon adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

FASB ASU 2019 - 12 , Income Taxes (Topic 740 ): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes , was issued December 2019. The ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC Topic 740 related to intra-period tax allocation, simplifies when companies recognize deferred taxes in an interim period, and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application. This guidance effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and for interim period within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. This guidance is applicable to the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effects of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

FASB ASU 2020 - 04 , Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848 ): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes , was issued March 2020. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to loan and lease agreements, derivative contracts, and other transactions affected by the anticipated transition away from LIBOR toward new interest rate benchmarks. For transactions that are modified because of reference rate reform and that meet certain scope guidance (i) modifications of loan agreements should be accounted for by prospectively adjusting the effective interest rate and the modification will be considered "minor" so that any existing unamortized origination fees/costs would carry forward and continue to be amortized and (ii) modifications of lease agreements should be accounted for as a continuation of the existing agreement with no reassessments of the lease classification and the discount rate or remeasurements of lease payments that otherwise would be required for modifications not accounted for as separate contracts. ASU 2020 - 04 also provides numerous optional expedients for derivative accounting. ASU 2020 - 04 is effective March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. An entity may elect to apply ASU 2020 - 04 for contract modifications as of January 1, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. Once elected for a Topic or an Industry Subtopic within the Codification, the amendments in this ASU must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications for that Topic or Industry Subtopic. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts of this ASU and has not yet determined whether LIBOR transition and this ASU will have material effects on our business operations and consolidated financial statements.

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Note 3 : Investment Securities

The Company’s marketable equity securities were sold in the third quarter 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized gross unrealized holding gains of $ 50 thousand in earnings. The Company had no marketable equity securities at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company provided no provision for credit loss on debt securities held to maturity. An analysis of the amortized cost and fair value by major categories of debt securities available for sale, which are carried at fair value with net unrealized gains (losses) reported on an after-tax basis as a component of cumulative other comprehensive income, and debt securities held to maturity, which are carried at amortized cost, before allowance for credit losses of $ 16 thousand, follows:

	At September 30, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Debt securities available for sale
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities ("MBS")	$	720,123	$	25,174	$	-		$	745,297
Agency commercial MBS		3,601		-		( 16	)		3,585
Securities of U.S. Government entities		163		-		-			163
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		121,951		5,223		( 2	)		127,172
Corporate securities		2,098,444		114,582		( 199	)		2,212,827
Commercial paper		224,862		29		( 75	)		224,816
Collateralized loan obligations		667,735		3,053		( 654	)		670,134
Total debt securities available for sale		3,836,879		148,061		( 946	)		3,983,994
Debt securities held to maturity
Agency residential MBS		272,460		7,648		( 39	)		280,069
Non-agency residential MBS		2,020		36		-			2,056
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		303,331		8,261		-			311,592
Total debt securities held to maturity		577,811		15,945		( 39	)		593,717
Total	$	4,414,690	$	164,006	$	( 985	)	$	4,577,711

	At December 31, 2019
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Debt securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	19,999	$	1	$	-		$	20,000
Securities of U.S. Government sponsored entities		111,251		14		( 98	)		111,167
Agency residential MBS		934,592		10,996		( 5,838	)		939,750
Agency commercial MBS		3,711		-		( 3	)		3,708
Securities of U.S. Government entities		553		-		( 9	)		544
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		159,527		3,656		( 44	)		163,139
Corporate securities		1,805,479		29,183		( 879	)		1,833,783
Collateralized loan obligations		6,748		7		-			6,755
Total debt securities available for sale		3,041,860		43,857		( 6,871	)		3,078,846
Debt securities held to maturity
Agency residential MBS		353,937		766		( 2,235	)		352,468
Non-agency residential MBS		2,354		22		-			2,376
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		381,781		7,672		( 1	)		389,452
Total debt securities held to maturity		738,072		8,460		( 2,236	)		744,296
Total	$	3,779,932	$	52,317	$	( 9,107	)	$	3,823,142

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The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity are shown in the following tables at the dates indicated:

	At September 30, 2020
	Debt Securities Available				Debt Securities Held
	for Sale				to Maturity
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value		Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Maturity in years:
1 year or less	$	452,154	$	454,493	$	63,044	$	63,504
Over 1 to 5 years		973,305		1,026,667		132,750		136,640
Over 5 to 10 years		1,480,374		1,544,476		107,537		111,448
Over 10 years		207,322		209,476		-		-
Subtotal		3,113,155		3,235,112		303,331		311,592
MBS		723,724		748,882		274,480		282,125
Total	$	3,836,879	$	3,983,994	$	577,811	$	593,717

	At December 31, 2019
	Debt Securities Available				Debt Securities Held
	for Sale				to Maturity
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value		Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Maturity in years:
1 year or less	$	294,698	$	295,255	$	70,378	$	70,602
Over 1 to 5 years		1,104,775		1,122,391		161,911		165,126
Over 5 to 10 years		670,595		683,277		149,492		153,724
Over 10 years		33,489		34,465		-		-
Subtotal		2,103,557		2,135,388		381,781		389,452
MBS		938,303		943,458		356,291		354,844
Total	$	3,041,860	$	3,078,846	$	738,072	$	744,296

Expected maturities of mortgage-related securities can differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. In addition, such factors as prepayments and interest rates may affect the yield on the carrying value of mortgage-related securities. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had no high-risk collateralized mortgage obligations as defined by regulatory guidelines.

An analysis of the gross unrealized losses of the debt securities available for sale portfolio follows:

	Debt Securities Available for Sale
	At September 30, 2020
	No. of		Less than 12 months					No. of		12 months or longer					No. of		Total
	Investment				Unrealized			Investment				Unrealized			Investment				Unrealized
	Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Agency residential MBS		1	$	98	$	-			1	$	21	$	-			2	$	119	$	-
Agency commercial MBS		1		3,585		( 16	)		-		-		-			1		3,585		( 16	)
Securities of U.S. Government entities		1		163		-			-		-		-			1		163		-
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		5		2,447		( 2	)		-		-		-			5		2,447		( 2	)
Corporate securities		-		-		-			2		18,263		( 199	)		2		18,263		( 199	)
Commercial paper		4		99,874		( 75	)		-		-		-			4		99,874		( 75	)
Collateralized loan obligations		29		216,358		( 654	)		-		-		-			29		216,358		( 654	)
Total		41	$	322,525	$	( 747	)		3	$	18,284	$	( 199	)		44	$	340,809	$	( 946	)

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An analysis of gross unrecognized losses of the debt securities held to maturity portfolio follows:

	Debt Securities Held to Maturity
	At September 30, 2020
	No. of		Less than 12 months					No. of		12 months or longer					No. of		Total
	Investment				Unrecognized			Investment				Unrecognized			Investment				Unrecognized
	Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Agency residential MBS		2	$	153	$	( 1	)		3	$	1,109	$	( 38	)		5	$	1,262	$	( 39	)

Based upon the most recent evaluation, the unrealized losses on the Company’s debt securities available for sale were most likely caused by market conditions for these types of investments, particularly changes in risk-free interest rates and/or market bid-ask spreads. The Company does not intend to sell any debt securities available for sale and has concluded that it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell the debt securities prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis. Therefore, the Company does not consider these debt securities to have credit related loss as of September 30, 2020.

The fair values of debt securities available for sale could decline in the future if the general economy deteriorates inflation increases, credit ratings decline, the issuer’s financial condition deteriorates, or the liquidity for debt securities declines. As a result, significant credit loss on debt securities available for sale may occur in the future.

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had debt securities pledged to secure public deposits and short-term borrowed funds of $ 850,245 thousand and $ 760,365 thousand, respectively.

An analysis of the gross unrealized losses of the debt securities available for sale portfolio follows:

	Debt Securities Available for Sale
	At December 31, 2019
	No. of		Less than 12 months					No. of		12 months or longer					No. of		Total
	Investment				Unrealized			Investment				Unrealized			Investment				Unrealized
	Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Securities of U.S. Government sponsored entities		1	$	9,951	$	( 49	)		3	$	45,877	$	( 49	)		4	$	55,828	$	( 98	)
Agency residential MBS		6		11,674		( 100	)		47		347,384		( 5,738	)		53		359,058		( 5,838	)
Agency commercial MBS		1		3,708		( 3	)		-		-		-			1		3,708		( 3	)
Securities of U.S. Government entities		-		-		-			2		544		( 9	)		2		544		( 9	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		-		-		-			7		4,163		( 44	)		7		4,163		( 44	)
Corporate securities		8		71,577		( 162	)		11		64,380		( 717	)		19		135,957		( 879	)
Total		16	$	96,910	$	( 314	)		70	$	462,348	$	( 6,557	)		86	$	559,258	$	( 6,871	)

An analysis of gross unrecognized losses of the debt securities held to maturity portfolio follows:

	Debt Securities Held to Maturity
	At December 31, 2019
	No. of		Less than 12 months					No. of		12 months or longer					No. of		Total
	Investment				Unrecognized			Investment				Unrecognized			Investment				Unrecognized
	Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses			Positions		Fair Value		Losses
	($ in thousands)
Agency residential MBS		6	$	12,098	$	( 87	)		54	$	277,203	$	( 2,148	)		60	$	289,301	$	( 2,235	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		-		-		-			1		251		( 1	)		1		251		( 1	)
Total		6	$	12,098	$	( 87	)		55	$	277,454	$	( 2,149	)		61	$	289,552	$	( 2,236	)

The Company evaluates debt securities on a quarterly basis including changes in security ratings issued by rating agencies, changes in the financial condition of the issuer, and, for mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, delinquency and loss information with respect to the underlying collateral, changes in the levels of subordination for the Company’s particular position within the repayment structure and remaining credit enhancement as compared to expected credit losses of the security. Substantially all of these securities continue to be investment grade rated by a major rating agency. One corporate bond with an amortized cost of $ 15.0 million and a fair value of $ 14.9 million at September 30, 2020, is rated below investment grade. The $ 14.9 million corporate bond was issued by a pharmaceutical company which develops, manufactures and markets generic and branded human pharmaceuticals, as well as active pharmaceutical ingredients, to customers worldwide. The bond matures in 2021, and the issuing Company has refinanced much of its debt obligations beyond the maturity date. In addition to monitoring credit rating agency evaluations, Management performs its own evaluations regarding the credit worthiness of the issuer or the securitized assets underlying asset backed securities.

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The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities held to maturity:

	For
	the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020
	(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13	$	-
Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13		16
Provision		-
Chargeoffs		-
Recoveries		-
Total ending balance	$	16

Agency mortgage-backed securities were assigned no credit loss allowance due to the perceived backing of government sponsored entities. Municipal securities were evaluated for risk of default based on credit rating and remaining term to maturity using Moody’s risk of default factors; Moody’s loss upon default factors were applied to the assumed defaulted principal amounts to estimate the amount for credit loss allowance.

The following table summarizes the amortized cost of debt securities held to maturity at September 30, 2020, aggregated by credit rating:

	Credit Risk Profile by Credit Rating
	At September 30, 2020
	(In thousands)
	AAA/AA/A		BBB		BB/B		Total

Agency residential MBS	$	272,460	$	-	$	-	$	272,460
Non-agency residential MBS		1,005		-		1,015		2,020
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		303,230		101		-		303,331
Total	$	576,695	$	101	$	1,015	$	577,811

There were no debt securities held to maturity on nonaccrual status or past due 30 days or more as of September 30, 2020.

The following table provides information about the amount of interest income earned on investment securities which is fully taxable and which is exempt from federal income tax:

	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands)

Taxable	$	23,079	$	19,586	$	67,963	$	56,992
Tax-exempt from federal income tax		2,911		3,777		9,501		12,165
Total interest income from investment securities	$	25,990	$	23,363	$	77,464	$	69,157

- 17 -

Note 4 : Loans , Allowance for Loan Losses/ Credit Losses and Other Real Estate Owned

A summary of the major categories of loans outstanding is shown in the following tables at the dates indicated.

	At September 30,		At December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Commercial:
Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans	$	243,982	$	-
Other		201,623		222,085
Total commercial		445,605		222,085
Commercial Real Estate		563,707		578,758
Construction		140		1,618
Residential Real Estate		25,076		32,748
Consumer Installment & Other		275,481		291,455
Total	$	1,310,009	$	1,126,664

The following summarizes activity in the allowance for loan losses/credit losses:

	Allowance for Credit Losses
	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
										Consumer
			Commercial				Residential			Installment
	Commercial		Real Estate		Construction		Real Estate			and Other			Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance at beginning of period	$	8,072	$	4,623	$	7	$	57		$	11,770		$	24,529
Provision (reversal)		867		1,030		-		( 5	)		( 1,892	)		-
Chargeoffs		-		-		-		-			( 872	)		( 872	)
Recoveries		46		12		-		-			427			485
Total allowance for credit losses	$	8,985	$	5,665	$	7	$	52		$	9,433		$	24,142

	Allowance for Credit Losses
	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
												Consumer
				Commercial					Residential			Installment
	Commercial			Real Estate		Construction			Real Estate			and Other			Unallocated			Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance at beginning of period, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13	$	4,959		$	4,064	$	109		$	206		$	6,445		$	3,701		$	19,484
Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13		3,385			618		( 31	)		( 132	)		1,878			( 3,701	)		2,017
Adjusted beginning balance		8,344			4,682		78			74			8,323			-			21,501
Provision (reversal)		537			946		( 71	)		( 22	)		2,910			-			4,300
Chargeoffs		( 178	)		-		-			-			( 3,071	)		-			( 3,249	)
Recoveries		282			37		-			-			1,271			-			1,590
Total allowance for credit losses	$	8,985		$	5,665	$	7		$	52		$	9,433		$	-		$	24,142

The growth in commercial loan balances was due to originations of PPP loans which are 100% guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). PPP loan proceeds used for eligible payroll and certain other operating costs are to be forgiven with repayment of loan principal and accrued interest made by the SBA. Management does not expect credit losses on PPP loans.

	Allowance for Loan Losses
	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
												Consumer
				Commercial					Residential			Installment
	Commercial			Real Estate			Construction		Real Estate			and Other			Unallocated			Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Balance at beginning of period	$	5,235		$	4,057		$	1,117	$	238		$	5,418		$	4,052		$	20,117
(Reversal) provision		( 596	)		( 1	)		482		( 16	)		655			( 524	)		-
Chargeoffs		-			-			-		-			( 1,039	)		-			( 1,039	)
Recoveries		233			12			-		-			505			-			750
Total allowance for loan losses	$	4,872		$	4,068		$	1,599	$	222		$	5,539		$	3,528		$	19,828

- 18 -

	Allowance for Loan Losses
	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
											Consumer
				Commercial				Residential			Installment
	Commercial			Real Estate		Construction		Real Estate			and Other			Unallocated		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Balance at beginning of period	$	6,311		$	3,884	$	1,465	$	869		$	5,645		$	3,177	$	21,351
(Reversal) provision		( 1,817	)		146		134		( 647	)		1,833			351		-
Chargeoffs		( 71	)		-		-		-			( 3,332	)		-		( 3,403	)
Recoveries		449			38		-		-			1,393			-		1,880
Total allowance for loan losses	$	4,872		$	4,068	$	1,599	$	222		$	5,539		$	3,528	$	19,828

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment in loans evaluated for impairment were as follows:

	Allowance for Loan Losses and Recorded Investment in Loans Evaluated for Impairment
	At December 31, 2019
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Residential Real Estate		Consumer Installment and Other		Unallocated		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	2,413	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	2,413
Collectively evaluated for impairment		2,546		4,064		109		206		6,445		3,701		17,071
Total	$	4,959	$	4,064	$	109	$	206	$	6,445	$	3,701	$	19,484
Carrying value of loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	8,182	$	7,409	$	-	$	190	$	43	$	-	$	15,824
Collectively evaluated for impairment		213,903		571,349		1,618		32,558		291,412		-		1,110,840
Total	$	222,085	$	578,758	$	1,618	$	32,748	$	291,455	$	-	$	1,126,664

The Company’s customers are small businesses, professionals and consumers. Given the scale of these borrowers, corporate credit rating agencies do not evaluate the borrowers’ financial condition. The Company’s subsidiary, Westamerica Bank (the “Bank”) maintains a Loan Review Department which reports directly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The Loan Review Department performs independent evaluations of loans and validates management assigned credit risk grades on evaluated loans using grading standards employed by bank regulatory agencies. Loans judged to carry lower-risk attributes are assigned a “pass” grade, with a minimal likelihood of loss. Loans judged to carry higher-risk attributes are referred to as “classified loans,” and are further disaggregated, with increasing expectations for loss recognition, as “substandard,” “doubtful,” and “loss.” Loan Review Department performs continuous evaluations throughout the year. If the Bank becomes aware of deterioration in a borrower’s performance or financial condition between Loan Review Department examinations, assigned risk grades are re-evaluated promptly. Credit risk grades assigned by management and validated by the Loan Review Department are subject to review by the Bank’s regulatory authorities during regulatory examinations.

The following summarizes the credit risk profile by internally assigned grade:

	Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade
	At September 30, 2020
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Residential Real Estate		Consumer Installment and Other		Total
	(In thousands)
Grade:
Pass	$	437,216	$	546,714	$	140	$	23,699	$	274,251	$	1,282,020
Substandard		8,389		16,993		-		1,377		320		27,079
Doubtful		-		-		-		-		505		505
Loss		-		-		-		-		405		405
Total	$	445,605	$	563,707	$	140	$	25,076	$	275,481	$	1,310,009

	Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade
	At December 31, 2019
	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Residential Real Estate		Consumer Installment and Other		Total
	(In thousands)
Grade:
Pass	$	213,542	$	567,525	$	1,618	$	31,055	$	289,424	$	1,103,164
Substandard		8,543		11,233		-		1,693		1,329		22,798
Doubtful		-		-		-		-		308		308
Loss		-		-		-		-		394		394
Total	$	222,085	$	578,758	$	1,618	$	32,748	$	291,455	$	1,126,664

- 19 -

The following tables summarize loans by delinquency and nonaccrual status:

	Summary of Loans by Delinquency and Nonaccrual Status
	At September 30, 2020
	Current and Accruing		30-59 Days Past Due and Accruing		60-89 Days Past Due and Accruing		Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total Loans
	(In thousands)
Commercial	$	444,496	$	963	$	39	$	-	$	107	$	445,605
Commercial real estate		559,361		624		-		-		3,722		563,707
Construction		140		-		-		-		-		140
Residential real estate		24,357		558		-		-		161		25,076
Consumer installment and other		272,631		1,328		772		360		390		275,481
Total	$	1,300,985	$	3,473	$	811	$	360	$	4,380	$	1,310,009

	Summary of Loans by Delinquency and Nonaccrual Status
	At December 31, 2019
	Current and Accruing		30-59 Days Past Due and Accruing		60-89 Days Past Due and Accruing		Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total Loans
	(In thousands)
Commercial	$	221,199	$	531	$	158	$	-	$	197	$	222,085
Commercial real estate		573,809		432		421		-		4,096		578,758
Construction		1,618		-		-		-		-		1,618
Residential real estate		31,934		274		540		-		-		32,748
Consumer installment and other		286,391		2,960		1,517		440		147		291,455
Total	$	1,114,951	$	4,197	$	2,636	$	440	$	4,440	$	1,126,664

There was no allowance for credit losses allocated to loans on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2020. There were no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on nonaccrual status at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The following summarizes impaired loans as of December 31, 2019:

	Impaired Loans
	At December 31,
	2019
			Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal		Related
	Investment		Balance		Allowance
	(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial	$	21	$	21	$	-
Commercial real estate		7,408		8,856		-
Residential real estate		190		220		-
Consumer installment and other		43		43		-
Total with no related allowance recorded		7,662		9,140		-

With an allowance recorded:
Commercial		8,160		8,160		2,413
Total with an allowance recorded		8,160		8,160		2,413
Total	$	15,822	$	17,300	$	2,413

Impaired loans at December 31, 2019, included $ 6,713 thousand of restructured loans, $ 3,670 thousand of which were on nonaccrual status.

- 20 -

	Impaired Loans
	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30, 2019
	Average		Recognized		Average		Recognized
	Recorded		Interest		Recorded		Interest
	Investment		Income		Investment		Income
	(In thousands)
Commercial	$	8,701	$	144	$	9,404	$	476
Commercial real estate		7,968		60		7,133		333
Residential real estate		194		4		196		10
Consumer installment and other		99		-		103		-
Total	$	16,962	$	208	$	16,836	$	819

The following tables provide information on troubled debt restructurings (TDRs):

	Troubled Debt Restructurings
	At September 30, 2020
							Period-End
							Individual
	Number of		Pre-Modification		Period-End		Credit Loss
	Contracts		Carrying Value		Carrying Value		Allowance
	($ in thousands)
Commercial real estate		6	$	8,367	$	6,121	$	-
Residential real estate		1		241		183		-
Total		7	$	8,608	$	6,304	$	-

	Troubled Debt Restructurings
	At December 31, 2019
							Period-End
							Individual
	Number of		Pre-Modification		Period-End		Impairment
	Contracts		Carrying Value		Carrying Value		Allowance
	($ in thousands)
Commercial		2	$	278	$	32	$	11
Commercial real estate		6		8,367		6,492		-
Residential real estate		1		241		189		-
Total		9	$	8,886	$	6,713	$	11

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company did not modify any loans that were considered TDRs for accounting purposes. Section 4013 of the CARES Act allowed certain loan modifications for borrowers impacted by the COVID- 19 pandemic to be excluded from TDR accounting. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company modified loans under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, granting 90 day deferrals of principal and interest payments. As of September 30, 2020, 17 commercial real estate loans with deferred payments totaled $ 19.1 million, primarily for hospitality and retail properties. As of September 30, 2020, 140 consumer and five commercial loan deferrals were $ 5.0 million and $ 209 thousand, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company did not modify any loans that were considered TDRs. There were no chargeoffs related to TDRs made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, no troubled debt restructured loans defaulted within 12 months of the modification date. A TDR is considered to be in default when payments are ninety days or more past due.

TDRs of $ 6,304 thousand included loans of $ 3,420 thousand on nonaccrual status at September 30, 2020. No allowance for credit losses was allocated to one commercial real estate loan secured by real property with a balance of $ 3,420 thousand, which was considered collateral-dependent at September 30, 2020. Four other commercial real estate loans totaling $ 7.7 million were secured by real property and considered collateral-dependent at September 30, 2020. At September 30, 2020, $ 357 thousand of indirect consumer installment loans secured by personal property were past due 90 days or more and considered collateral-dependent and two residential real estate loans totaling $ 410 thousand secured by real property were considered collateral-dependent. There were no other collateral-dependent loans at September 30, 2020. A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral.

- 21 -

Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows:

	At September 30, 2020
																	Revolving
																	Loans
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year														Total		Amortized
	Prior		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Term Loans		Cost Basis		Total
	(In thousands)
Commercial loans by grade
Pass	$	20,496	$	5,205	$	26,132	$	10,860	$	21,343	$	42,380	$	270,664	$	397,080	$	40,136	$	437,216
Substandard		64		-		1		-		-		-		7,876		7,941		448		8,389
Doubtful		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Loss		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total	$	20,560	$	5,205	$	26,133	$	10,860	$	21,343	$	42,380	$	278,540	$	405,021	$	40,584	$	445,605

	At September 30, 2020
																	Revolving
																	Loans
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year														Total		Amortized
	Prior		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Term Loans		Cost Basis		Total
	(In thousands)
Commercial real estate loans by grade
Pass	$	88,661	$	50,764	$	43,804	$	101,731	$	95,622	$	94,531	$	71,601	$	546,714	$	-	$	546,714
Substandard		4,807		1,314		9,921		107		-		-		844		16,993		-		16,993
Doubtful		-		-		-		-		-		-				-		-		-
Loss		-		-		-		-		-		-				-		-		-
Total	$	93,468	$	52,078	$	53,725	$	101,838	$	95,622	$	94,531	$	72,445	$	563,707	$	-	$	563,707

	At September 30, 2020
																	Revolving
																	Loans
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year														Total		Amortized
	Prior		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Term Loans		Cost Basis		Total
	(In thousands)
Construction loans by grade
Pass	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	140	$	140
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Doubtful		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Loss		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	140	$	140

	At September 30, 2020
																	Revolving
																	Loans
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year														Total		Amortized
	Prior		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Term Loans		Cost Basis		Total
	(In thousands)
Residential Real Estate loans by grade
Pass	$	23,699	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	23,699	$	-	$	23,699
Substandard		1,377		-		-		-		-		-		-		1,377		-		1,377
Doubtful		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Loss		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total	$	25,076	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	25,076	$	-	$	25,076

The Company considers the delinquency and nonaccrual status of the consumer loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. The following table presents the amortized cost in consumer installment and other loans based on delinquency and nonaccrual status:

	At September 30, 2020
																	Revolving
																	Loans
	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year														Total		Amortized
	Prior		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Term Loans		Cost Basis		Total
	(In thousands)
Consumer installment and other loans by delinquency and nonaccrual status
Current	$	5,087	$	6,457	$	19,339	$	24,554	$	53,347	$	69,313	$	64,893	$	242,990	$	29,641	$	272,631
30-59 days past due		35		91		147		224		266		402		148		1,313		15		1,328
60-89 days past due		2		30		48		163		327		160		40		770		2		772
Past due 90 days or more		-		5		29		-		226		66		31		357		3		360
Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		390		390
Total	$	5,124	$	6,583	$	19,563	$	24,941	$	54,166	$	69,941	$	65,112	$	245,430	$	30,051	$	275,481

There were no loans held for sale at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

- 22 -

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held total other real estate owned (OREO) of $ 43 thousand. There was no reserve applied against OREO at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. There were no foreclosed residential real estate properties at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The amount of consumer mortgage loans outstanding secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process was $ 410 thousand at September 30, 2020 and $ 124 thousand at December 31, 2019.

Note 5 : Concentration of Credit Risk

Under the California Financial Code, credit extended to any one person owing to a commercial bank at any one time shall not exceed the following limitations: (a) unsecured loans shall not exceed 15 percent of the sum of the shareholders' equity, allowance for credit losses, capital notes, and debentures of the bank, or (b) secured and unsecured loans in all shall not exceed 25 percent of the sum of the shareholders' equity, allowance for credit losses, capital notes, and debentures of the bank. At September 30, 2020, the Bank did not have credit extended to any one entity exceeding these limits. At September 30, 2020, the Bank had 31 lending relationships each with aggregate amounts of $ 5 million or more. The Company has significant credit arrangements that are secured by real estate collateral. In addition to real estate loans outstanding as disclosed in Note 4, the Company had loan commitments related to real estate loans of $ 39,779 thousand and $ 43,129 thousand at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company requires collateral on all real estate loans with loan-to-value ratios at origination generally no greater than 75 % on commercial real estate loans and no greater than 80 % on residential real estate loans. At September 30, 2020, the Bank held corporate bonds in 97 issuing entities and commercial paper in 9 issuing entities that exceeded $ 5 million for each issuer.

Note 6 : Other Assets and Other Liabilities

Other assets consisted of the following:

	At September 30,		At December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Cost method equity investments:
Federal Reserve Bank stock ⁽¹⁾	$	14,069	$	14,069
Other investments		158		158
Total cost method equity investments		14,227		14,227
Life insurance cash surrender value		59,868		57,810
Net deferred tax asset		-		11,085
Right-of-use asset		19,098		17,136
Limited partnership investments		18,935		20,773
Interest receivable		30,779		28,797
Prepaid assets		3,619		3,737
Other assets		13,743		10,767
Total other assets	$	160,269	$	164,332

^{(

1

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A bank applying for membership in the Federal Reserve System is required to subscribe to stock in the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) in its district in a sum equal to six percent of the bank’s paid-up capital stock and surplus. One-half of the amount of the bank's subscription shall be paid to the FRB and the remaining half will be subject to call when deemed necessary by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

The Company owns 211 thousand shares of Visa Inc. class B common stock which have transfer restrictions; the carrying value is $- 0 - thousand. On September 30, 2019, Visa Inc. announced a revised conversion rate applicable to its class B common stock resulting from its September 27, 2019 deposit of funds into its litigation escrow account. This funding reduced the conversion rate of class B common stock into class A common stock, which is unrestricted and trades actively on the New York Stock Exchange, from 1.6298 to 1.6228 per share, effective as of September 27, 2019. Visa Inc. class A common stock had a closing price of $ 199.97 per share on September 30, 2020, the last day of stock market trading for the third quarter 2020. The ultimate value of the Company’s Visa Inc. class B shares is subject to the extent of Visa Inc.’s future litigation escrow fundings, the resulting conversion rate to class A common stock, and current and future trading restrictions on the class B common stock.

The Company invests in flow-through limited liability entities that manage or invest in affordable housing projects that qualify for low-income housing tax credits. At September 30, 2020, this investment totaled $ 18,935 thousand and $ 13,397 thousand of this amount represents outstanding equity capital commitments that are included in other liabilities. At December 31, 2019, this investment totaled $ 20,773 thousand and $ 16,231 thousand of this amount represents outstanding equity capital commitments that are included in other liabilities. At September 30, 2020, the $ 13,397 thousand of outstanding equity capital commitments are expected to be paid as follows, $ 2,248 thousand in the remainder of 2020, $ 4,071 thousand in 2021, $ 5,983 thousand in 2022, $ 295 thousand in 2023, $ 24 thousand in 2024, $ 228 thousand in 2025, $ 74 thousand in 2026 and $ 474 thousand in 2027 or thereafter.

- 23 -

The amounts recognized in net income for these investments include:

	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Investment loss included in pre-tax income	$	640	$	600	$	1,840	$	1,800
Tax credits recognized in provision for income taxes		225		225		675		675

Other liabilities consisted of the following:

	At September 30,		At December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Net deferred tax liability	$	21,819	$	-
Operating lease liability		19,098		17,136
Other liabilities		49,559		27,453
Total other liabilities	$	90,476	$	44,589

The deferred tax liability at September 30, 2020 of $ 21,819 thousand, net of deferred tax benefits of $ 21,942 thousand, included deferred tax obligations of $ 43,492 thousand related to unrealized gains of $ 147,115 thousand on available for sale debt securities. The net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2019 of $ 11,085 thousand was net of deferred tax obligations of $ 10,934 thousand related to available for sale debt securities unrealized gains.

The Company has entered into leases for most branch locations and certain other offices that were classified as operating leases primarily with original terms of five years. Certain lease arrangements contain extension options, which can be exercised at the Company’s option, for one or more additional five year terms. Unexercised extension options are not considered reasonably certain of exercise and have not been included in the lease term used to determine the lease liability or right-of-use asset. The Company did not have any finance leases as of September 30, 2020.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company recorded a lease liability of $ 19,098 thousand and a right-of-use asset of $ 19,098 thousand. The weighted average remaining life of operating leases and weighted average discount rate used to determine operating lease liabilities were 4.8 years and 2.25 %, respectively, at September 30, 2020. The Company did not have any material lease incentives, unamortized initial direct costs, prepaid lease expense, or accrued lease expense as of September 30, 2020.

Total lease costs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, of $ 1,671 thousand and $ 4,988 thousand, respectively, were recorded within occupancy and equipment expense. The Company did not have any material short-term or variable leases costs or sublease income during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

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- 24 -

The following table summarizes the remaining lease payments of operating lease liabilities:

	Minimum future lease payments
	At September 30,
	2020
	(In thousands)
The remaining three months of 2020	$	1,599
2021		5,353
2022		4,426
2023		3,689
2024		2,078
Thereafter		2,863
Total minimum lease payments		20,008
Less: discount		( 910	)
Present value of lease liability	$	19,098

Note 7 : Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

The Company has recorded goodwill and other identifiable intangibles associated with purchase business combinations. Goodwill is not amortized, but is evaluated for impairment at least annually. The Company did not recognize impairment during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019. Identifiable intangibles are amortized to their estimated residual values over their expected useful lives. Such lives and residual values are also periodically reassessed to determine if any amortization period adjustments are indicated. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019 no such adjustments were recorded.

The carrying values of goodwill were:

	At September 30, 2020		At December 31, 2019
	(In thousands)
Goodwill	$	121,673	$	121,673

The gross carrying amount of identifiable intangible assets and accumulated amortization was:

	At September 30, 2020					At December 31, 2019
	Gross					Gross
	Carrying		Accumulated			Carrying		Accumulated
	Amount		Amortization			Amount		Amortization
	(In thousands)
Core deposit intangibles	$	56,808	$	( 55,635	)	$	56,808	$	( 55,417	)

As of September 30, 2020, the current period and estimated future amortization expense for identifiable intangible assets was:

	Total
	Core
	Deposit
	Intangibles
	(In thousands)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 (actual)	$	218
Estimate for the remainder of year ending December 31, 2020		69
Estimate for year ending December 31, 2021		269
2022		252
2023		236
2024		222
2025		125

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Note 8 : Deposits and Borrowed Funds

The following table provides additional detail regarding deposits.

	Deposits
	At September 30,		At December 31,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Noninterest-bearing	$	2,684,028	$	2,240,112
Interest-bearing:
Transaction		1,040,712		931,888
Savings		1,653,000		1,471,284
Time deposits less than $100 thousand		83,838		88,355
Time deposits $100 thousand through $250 thousand		50,378		54,874
Time deposits more than $250 thousand		27,234		26,108
Total deposits	$	5,539,190	$	4,812,621

Demand deposit overdrafts of $ 1,466 thousand and $ 1,055 thousand were included as loan balances at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Interest expense for aggregate time deposits with individual account balances in excess of $100 thousand was $ 80 thousand and $ 238 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $ 81 thousand and $ 246 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.

The following table provides additional detail regarding short-term borrowed funds.

	Repurchase Agreements (Sweep) Accounted for as Secured Borrowings
	Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
	Overnight and Continuous
	At September 30,		At December 31,
	2020		2019
Repurchase agreements:	(In thousands)
Collateral securing borrowings:
Securities of U.S. Government sponsored entities	$	-	$	65,833
Agency residential MBS		76,715		52,485
Corporate securities		183,447		146,253
Total collateral carrying value	$	260,162	$	264,571
Total short-term borrowed funds	$	107,973	$	30,928

Note 9 : Fair Value Measurements

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Debt securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as other real estate owned, loans individually evaluated for credit loss, certain loans held for investment, debt securities held to maturity, and other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve the lower-of-cost or fair-value accounting of individual assets.

In accordance with the Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, the Company bases its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal market or most advantageous market for an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date under current market conditions. A fair value measurement reflects all of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset, and the risk of nonperformance.

The Company groups its assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three -level hierarchy, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. When the valuation assumptions used to measure the fair value of the asset or liability are categorized within different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the asset or liability is categorized in its entirety within the lowest level of the hierarchy. These levels are:

- 26 -

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange. Level 1 includes U.S. Treasury and equity securities, which are traded by dealers or brokers in active markets. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 2 includes mutual funds, federal agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, corporate securities, commercial paper, collateralized loan obligations, municipal bonds and securities of U.S government entities.

Level 3 – Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

The Company relies on independent vendor pricing services to measure fair value for equity securities, debt securities available for sale and debt securities held to maturity. The Company employs three pricing services. To validate the pricing of these vendors, the Company compares vendors’ pricing for each of the securities for consistency; significant pricing differences, if any, are evaluated using all available independent quotes with the quote most closely reflecting the market generally used as the fair value estimate. In addition, the Company evaluates debt securities for credit loss on a quarterly basis. As with any valuation technique used to estimate fair value, changes in underlying assumptions used could significantly affect the results of current and future values. Accordingly, these fair value estimates may not be realized in an actual sale of the securities.

The Company regularly reviews the valuation techniques and assumptions used by its vendors and determines which valuation techniques are utilized based on observable market inputs for the type of securities being measured. The Company uses the information to determine the placement in the fair value hierarchy as level 1, 2 or 3.

Assets Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The tables below present assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis on the dates indicated.

	At September 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) ⁽¹⁾
	(In thousands)
Debt securities available for sale
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities (MBS)	$	745,297	$	-	$	745,297	$	-
Agency commercial MBS		3,585		-		3,585		-
Securities of U.S. Government entities		163		-		163		-
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		127,172		-		127,172		-
Corporate securities		2,212,827		-		2,212,827		-
Commercial paper		224,816				224,816
Collateralized loan obligations		670,134		-		670,134		-
Total debt securities available for sale	$	3,983,994	$	-	$	3,983,994	$	-

^{(

1

)} There were no transfers in to or out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

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- 27 -

	At December 31, 2019
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) ⁽¹⁾
	(In thousands)
Debt securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	20,000	$	20,000	$	-	$	-
Securities of U.S. Government sponsored entities		111,167		-		111,167		-
Agency residential MBS		939,750		-		939,750		-
Agency commercial MBS		3,708		-		3,708		-
Securities of U.S. Government entities		544		-		544		-
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		163,139		-		163,139		-
Corporate securities		1,833,783		-		1,833,783		-
Collateralized loan obligations		6,755		-		6,755		-
Total debt securities available for sale	$	3,078,846	$	20,000	$	3,058,846	$	-

^{(

1

)} There were no transfers in to or out of level 3 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.

Assets Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower of cost or fair value accounting of individual assets. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were recorded in the balance sheet at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the carrying value of the related assets at period end.

									For the
									Nine Months Ended
	At September 30, 2020								September 30, 2020
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Losses
	(In thousands)
Other real estate owned	$	43	$	-	$	-	$	43	$	-
Loans:
Commercial		5,354		-		-		5,354		-
Commercial real estate		3,773		-		-		3,773		-
Residential real estate		183		-		-		183		-
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	$	9,353	$	-	$	-	$	9,353	$	-

									For the
									Twelve Months Ended
	At December 31, 2019								December 31, 2019
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Losses
	(In thousands)
Other real estate owned	$	43	$	-	$	-	$	43	$	-
Impaired loans:
Commercial		5,747		-		-		5,747		-
Commercial real estate		4,091		-		-		4,091		-
Residential real estate		190		-		-		190		-
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	$	10,071	$	-	$	-	$	10,071	$	-

Level 3 – Valuation is based upon present value of expected future cash flows, independent market prices, estimated liquidation values of loan collateral or appraised value of the collateral as determined by third -party independent appraisers, less 10 % for selling costs, generally. Level 3 includes other real estate owned that has been measured at fair value upon transfer to foreclosed assets and loans collateralized by real property and other business asset collateral individually evaluated for credit loss where a specific reserve has been established or a chargeoff has been recorded. Losses on other real estate owned represent losses recognized in earnings during the period subsequent to its initial classification as foreclosed assets. The unobservable inputs and qualitative information about the unobservable inputs are not presented as the inputs were not developed by the Company.

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Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The tables below are a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments and the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements are categorized, excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The values assigned do not necessarily represent amounts which ultimately may be realized for assets or paid to settle liabilities. In addition, these values do not give effect to adjustments to fair value which may occur when financial instruments are sold or settled in larger quantities. The carrying amounts in the following tables are recorded in the balance sheet under the indicated captions.

The Company has not included assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments, such as goodwill, long-term relationships with deposit, merchant processing and trust customers, other purchased intangibles, premises and equipment, deferred taxes and other assets and liabilities. The total estimated fair values do not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.

	At September 30, 2020
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2 )		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 )
Financial Assets:	(In thousands)
Cash and due from banks	$	398,964	$	398,964	$	398,964	$	-	$	-
Debt securities held to maturity		577,795		593,701		-		593,701		-
Loans		1,285,867		1,347,245		-		-		1,347,245

Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	5,539,190	$	5,539,300	$	-	$	5,377,740	$	161,560
Short-term borrowed funds		107,973		107,973		-		107,973		-

	At December 31, 2019
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2 )		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 )
Financial Assets:	(In thousands)
Cash and due from banks	$	373,421	$	373,421	$	373,421	$	-	$	-
Debt securities held to maturity		738,072		744,296		-		744,296		-
Loans		1,107,180		1,152,949		-		-		1,152,949

Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	4,812,621	$	4,810,934	$	-	$	4,643,284	$	167,650
Short-term borrowed funds		30,928		30,928		-		30,928		-

The majority of the Company’s standby letters of credit and other commitments to extend credit carry current market interest rates if converted to loans. No premium or discount was ascribed to these commitments because virtually all funding would be at current market rates.

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Note 10 : Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Loan commitments are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition established in the agreement. Certain agreements provide the Company the right to cancel or reduce its obligations to lend to customers. The portions that are not cancellable unconditionally by the Company aggregated $ 39,779 thousand at September 30, 2020. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future funding requirements. Loan commitments are subject to the Company’s normal credit policies and collateral requirements. Unfunded loan commitments were $ 279,330 thousand at September 30, 2020 and $ 265,311 thousand at December 31, 2019. Standby letters of credit commit the Company to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. Standby letters of credit are primarily issued to support customers’ short-term financing requirements and must meet the Company’s normal credit policies and collateral requirements. Financial and performance standby letters of credit outstanding totaled $ 2,356 thousand at September 30, 2020 and $ 3,099 thousand at December 31, 2019. The Company had no commitments outstanding for commercial and similar letters of credit at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company had $ 580 thousand and $ 550 thousand in outstanding full recourse guarantees to a 3 ^rd party credit card company at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company had a reserve for unfunded commitments of $ 53 thousand at September 30, 2020 and $ 2,160 thousand at December 31, 2019, included in other liabilities.

The Company determined that it will be obligated to provide refunds of revenue recognized in years prior to 2018 to some customers. The Company initially estimated the probable amount of these obligations to be $ 5,542 thousand and accrued a liability for such amount in 2017; based on additional information received in the second quarter 2019, the Company increased such liability to $ 5,843 thousand by recognizing an expense of $ 301 thousand.

Due to the nature of its business, the Company is subject to various threatened or filed legal cases. Based on the advice of legal counsel, the Company does not expect such cases will have a material, adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations.

Note 1 1 : Earnings Per Common Share

The table below shows earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share. Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income by the average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income by the average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus the impact of common stock equivalents.

	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net income applicable to common equity (numerator)	$	20,051	$	20,390	$	56,575	$	59,661
Basic earnings per common share
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic (denominator)		26,930		26,986		26,977		26,924
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.74	$	0.76	$	2.10	$	2.22
Diluted earnings per common share
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic		26,930		26,986		26,977		26,924
Add common stock equivalents for options		16		41		21		52
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted (denominator)		26,946		27,027		26,998		26,976
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.74	$	0.75	$	2.10	$	2.21

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, options to purchase 567 thousand and 560 thousand shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because the option exercise price exceeded the fair value of the stock such that their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, options to purchase 379 thousand and 425 thousand shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because the option exercise price exceeded the fair value of the stock such that their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect.

- 30 -

Note 12: Impact of COVID- 19

The COVID- 19 Coronavirus Pandemic Will Have an Uncertain Impact on the Company's Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The COVID- 19 coronavirus pandemic caused escalating infections in the United States beginning in the first quarter of 2020 that continued through the third quarter of 2020 and may continue for some time. The spread of the outbreak has disrupted the United States economy including banking and other financial activity in the market areas in which the Company and its banking subsidiary, Westamerica Bank (the "Bank"), operate. Regions and states of the United States of America have implemented varying degrees of "stay at home" directives in an effort to prevent the spread of the virus. On March 19, 2020, the Governor of the State of California ordered all individuals living in the State of California to stay within their residence to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus and many businesses have suspended or reduced business activities. The California "stay at home" directive excludes essential businesses, including banks, and the Bank remains open and fully operational. These "stay at home" directives have, however, significantly reduced economic activity in the United States and the State of California. In the second and third quarters of 2020 the “stay at home” directives were gradually lifted in varying stages in counties of the State of California, though restrictions could be re-imposed to some degree if infections increase. Counties with high infection rates delayed reopening and restrictions on certain economic activity remains. California-based claims for unemployment remain elevated during the third quarter of 2020.

The Bank's deposits are exclusively sourced within California and its loans are primarily to borrowers domiciled within California. Demand for the Bank's products and services, such as loans and deposits, could be affected as a result of the decline in economic activity within the state.

The Bank's investment portfolio contains bonds for which the source of repayment is domestic mortgage repayments, domestic municipalities throughout the United States, and domestic and global corporations. The value of the Bank's investment portfolio may decline if, for example, the general economy deteriorates, inflation increases, credit ratings decline, the issuers’ financial condition deteriorates or the liquidity for debt securities declines.

In response to the pandemic, the Federal Reserve has engaged significant levels of monetary policy to provide liquidity and credit facilities to the financial markets. On March 15, 2020, the Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") reduced the target range for the federal funds rate to 0 to 0.25 percent; relatedly, the FOMC reduced the interest rate paid on deposit balances to 0.10 percent effective March 16, 2020, all of which may negatively impact net interest income. The Bank maintains deposit balances at the Federal Reserve Bank; the amount that earns interest is identified in the Company's financial statements as "interest-bearing cash".

In response to the pandemic, the United States federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act") on March 27, 2020, providing an estimated $2 trillion fiscal stimulus to the United States economy. The CARES Act established the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) with $350 billion to provide businesses with federally guaranteed loans to support payroll and certain operating expenses. The loans were guaranteed by the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and funded through banks. In April 2020, the PPP program was expanded with an additional $310 billion. At June 30, 2020, the Bank funded $ 249 million in government guaranteed PPP loans which meaningfully increased interest-earning assets and related interest and fee income. PPP loans, net of deferred fees and costs, were $ 244 million at September 30, 2020.

On April 7, 2020, the U.S. banking agencies issued an Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised). The statement describes accounting for COVID- 19 -related loan modifications, including clarifying the interaction between current accounting rules and the temporary relief provided by the CARES Act. The Bank continues to work with loan customers requesting deferral of loan payments due to economic weakness caused by the pandemic. At September 30, 2020, consumer loans granted loan deferrals totaled $ 5.0 million, commercial real estate loans with deferred payments totaled $ 19.1 million, primarily for hospitality and retail properties, and commercial loans with deferred payments totaled $ 209 thousand.

The extent of the spread of the coronavirus, its ultimate containment and its effects on the economy and the Company are uncertain at this time. The effectiveness of the Federal Reserve Bank's monetary policies and the federal government's fiscal policies in stimulating the United States economy is uncertain at this time.

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Management expects the Company's net interest margin and non-interest income to decline and credit-related losses to increase for an uncertain period given the decline in economic activity occurring due to the coronavirus. The amount of impact on the Company's financial results is uncertain.

In addition, the Company's future success and profitability substantially depends upon the skills and experience of its executive officers and directors, many of whom have held positions with the Company for many years. The unanticipated loss or unavailability of key employees due to the outbreak could adversely affect the Company's ability to operate its business or execute its business strategy.

Any one or a combination of the factors identified above, or other factors, could materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

The Recent Decline in Oil Prices Could Have an Impact on the Company's Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Oil prices have declined considerably in the first nine months of 2020. The decline in oil prices could negatively affect the financial results of industrial sector-based and energy sector-based corporate issuers of corporate bonds owned by the Company. The Company’s corporate debt securities include 14 issuers in industrial and energy sectors with aggregate amortized cost of $ 275.3 million and fair value of $ 288.7 million at September 30, 2020. These securities continue to be investment grade rated by a major rating agency.

The Company’s participation in the SBA PPP loan program exposes it to risks of noncompliance with the PPP and litigation, which could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company is a participating lender in the PPP. The SBA guarantees 100% of loans funded under the PPP. Loan proceeds used for eligible payroll and certain other operating costs are forgiven with repayment of loan principal and accrued interest made by the SBA. There is some ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP, which exposes the Company to potential risks relating to noncompliance with the PPP. Any financial liability, litigation costs or reputational damage related to the PPP or related litigation or regulatory enforcement actions could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company may be exposed to credit risk on PPP loans if the SBA determines that there is a deficiency in the manner in which the loan was originated, funded, or serviced. If the SBA identifies a deficiency, it could deny its liability under the guaranty, reduce the amount of the guaranty, or, if it has already paid under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from the Company.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION

FINANCIAL SUMMARY

	For the Three Months						For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net Interest and Loan Fee Income (FTE) ⁽¹⁾	$	41,780		$	40,349		$	124,390		$	120,925
Provision for Credit Losses		-			-			4,300			-
Noninterest Income		10,476			11,809			31,678			35,676
Noninterest Expense		24,603			24,033			74,021			74,777
Income Before Income Taxes (FTE) ⁽¹⁾		27,653			28,125			77,747			81,824
Income Tax Provision (FTE) ⁽¹⁾		7,602			7,735			21,172			22,163
Net Income	$	20,051		$	20,390		$	56,575		$	59,661

Average Common Shares Outstanding		26,930			26,986			26,977			26,924
Average Diluted Common Shares Outstanding		26,946			27,027			26,998			26,976
Common Shares Outstanding at Period End		26,898			27,014

Per Common Share:
Basic Earnings	$	0.74		$	0.76		$	2.10		$	2.22
Diluted Earnings		0.74			0.75			2.10			2.21
Book Value		30.69			26.41

Financial Ratios:
Return on Assets		1.24	%		1.45	%		1.25	%		1.43	%
Return on Common Equity		11.17	%		11.87	%		10.67	%		11.92	%
Net Interest Margin (FTE) ⁽¹⁾		2.78	%		3.11	%		2.95	%		3.12	%
Net Loan Losses to Average Loans		0.12	%		0.10	%		0.18	%		0.17	%
Efficiency Ratio ⁽²⁾		47.1	%		46.1	%		47.4	%		47.8	%

Average Balances:
Assets	$	6,414,399		$	5,570,843		$	6,044,098		$	5,580,965
Loans		1,312,758			1,142,668			1,223,250			1,177,057
Investment securities		4,360,119			3,687,049			4,055,733			3,675,102
Deposits		5,533,144			4,770,976			5,188,797			4,789,084
Shareholders' Equity		714,400			681,513			708,559			669,043

Period End Balances:
Assets	$	6,563,215		$	5,616,055
Loans		1,310,009			1,133,229
Investment securities		4,561,805			3,776,983
Deposits		5,539,190			4,796,623
Shareholders' Equity		825,576			713,378

Capital Ratios at Period End:
Total Risk Based Capital		15.42	%		17.20	%
Tangible Equity to Tangible Assets		10.91	%		10.75	%

Dividends Paid Per Common Share	$	0.41		$	0.41		$	1.23		$	1.22
Common Dividend Payout Ratio		55	%		55	%		59	%		55	%

The above financial summary has been derived from the Company's unaudited consolidated financial statements. This information should be read in conjunction with those statements, notes and the other information included elsewhere herein. Percentages under the heading "Financial Ratios" are annualized with the exception of the efficiency ratio.

(1) Yields on securities and certain loans have been adjusted upward to a "fully taxable equivalent" ("FTE") basis in order to reflect the effect of income which is exempt from federal income taxation at the current statutory tax rate.

(2) The efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income on an FTE basis and noninterest income).

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Financial Overview

Westamerica Bancorporation and subsidiaries’ (collectively, the “Company”) reported net income of $20.1 million or $0.74 diluted earnings per common share (“EPS”) for the third quarter 2020 and net income of $56.6 million or $2.10 diluted earnings per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic began in the United States and California in the first quarter 2020 and continued to cause escalating infections in the United States through the third quarter 2020. In response to the pandemic, the Company’s primary and wholly-owned subsidiary bank, Westamerica Bank (the “Bank”), funded $249 million Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans for the Bank’s customers during the second quarter 2020. PPP loans meaningfully increased interest-earning assets and related interest and fee income. The Bank continues to work with loan customers requesting deferral of loan payments due to economic weakness caused by the pandemic. At September 30, 2020, consumer loans granted loan deferrals totaled $5.0 million, commercial real estate loans with deferred payments totaled $19.1 million, primarily for hospitality and retail properties, and commercial loans with deferred payments totaled $209 thousand. The results for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 included a provision for credit losses of $4.3 million, which reduced EPS $0.11, representing Management’s estimate of additional reserves needed over the remaining life of its loans due to increased credit-risk from deteriorating economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. These results compare to net income of $20.4 million or $0.75 diluted earnings per common share for the third quarter 2019 and net income of $59.7 million or $2.21 diluted earnings per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 include a life insurance gain of $433 thousand and $553 thousand in loss contingencies. The loss contingencies include a $301 thousand increase in estimated customer refunds of revenue recognized prior to 2018 and a $252 thousand settlement to dismiss a lawsuit.

Regions and states of the United States of America, including California implemented varying degrees of “stay at home” directives in an effort to prevent the spread of the virus in the first quarter of 2020. These directives have significantly reduced economic activity in the United States and the State of California. In the second and third quarters 2020 the “stay at home” directives were gradually lifted in varying stages in counties of the State of California, though restrictions could be re-imposed to some degree if infections increase. Counties with high infection rates delayed reopening and restrictions on certain economic activity remains. California-based claims for unemployment remain elevated during the third quarter of 2020. The California “stay at home” directive excludes essential businesses including banks. The Bank remains open and fully operational.

In response to the pandemic, the Federal Reserve has engaged significant levels of monetary policy to provide liquidity and credit facilities to the financial markets. On March 15, 2020, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) reduced the target range for the federal funds rate to 0 to 0.25 percent; relatedly, the FOMC reduced the interest rate paid on deposit balances to 0.10 percent effective March 16, 2020. The Bank maintains deposit balances at the Federal Reserve Bank; the amount that earns interest is identified in the Company’s financial statements as “interest-bearing cash”.

The extent of the spread of the coronavirus and its ultimate containment are uncertain at this time. The effectiveness of the Federal Reserve Bank’s monetary policies and the federal government’s fiscal policies in stimulating the United States economy is uncertain at this time. Management expects the Company’s net interest margin and non-interest income to decline and credit-related losses to increase for an uncertain period given the decline in economic activity occurring due to the coronavirus. The amount of impact on the Company’s financial results is uncertain. Please refer to Note 12 and Part II, Item 1A “Risk factors” in this Form 10-Q.

The Company presents its net interest margin and net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis using the current statutory federal tax rate. Management believes the FTE basis is valuable to the reader because the Company’s loan and investment securities portfolios contain a relatively large portion of municipal loans and securities that are federally tax exempt. The Company’s tax exempt loans and securities composition may not be similar to that of other banks, therefore in order to reflect the impact of the federally tax exempt loans and securities on the net interest margin and net interest income for comparability with other banks, the Company presents its net interest margin and net interest income on an FTE basis.

The Company’s significant accounting policies (see Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” to Financial Statements in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K and Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in this Form 10-Q) are fundamental to understanding the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. The Company adopted the following new accounting guidance:

FASB ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, was issued on June 16, 2016. The ASU significantly changed estimates for credit losses related to financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other contracts. For estimating credit losses, the FASB replaced the incurred loss model with the current expected credit loss (CECL) model, which accelerated recognition of credit losses. Additionally, credit losses relating to debt securities available-for-sale are recorded through an allowance for credit losses under the new standard. The Company is also required to provide additional disclosures related to the financial assets within the scope of the new standard.

The Company adopted the ASU provisions on January 1, 2020. Management evaluated available data, defined portfolio segments of loans with similar attributes, and selected loss estimate models for each identified loan portfolio segment. Management measured historical loss rates for each portfolio segment. Management also segmented debt securities held to maturity, selected methods to estimate losses for each segment, and measured a loss estimate. Agency mortgage-backed securities were assigned no credit loss allowance due to the perceived backing of government sponsored entities. Municipal securities were evaluated for risk of default based on credit rating and remaining term to maturity using Moody’s risk of default factors; Moody’s loss upon default factors were applied to the assumed defaulted principal amounts to estimate the amount for credit loss allowance. The adjustment to the allowance for credit losses was recorded through an offsetting after-tax adjustment to shareholders’ equity. The implementing entry increased allowance for credit losses by $2,017 thousand, reduced allowance for unfunded credit commitments by $2,107 thousand and increased retained earnings by $52 thousand.

FASB ASU 2018-13 , Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement , was issued August 2018. The ASU is part of the disclosure framework project, where the primary focus is to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in the financial statements. The ASU removes, modifies and adds disclosure requirements related to Fair Value Measurements.

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The provisions of the ASU were effective January 1, 2020 with the option to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of the ASU. The Company early adopted the provisions to remove and/or modify relevant disclosures in the “Fair Value Measurements” note to the unaudited consolidated financial statements. The requirement to include additional disclosures was adopted by the Company January 1, 2020. The additional disclosures did not affect the financial results upon adoption.

Net Income

Following is a summary of the components of net income for the periods indicated:

	For the Three Months						For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net interest and loan fee income (FTE)	$	41,780		$	40,349		$	124,390		$	120,925
Provision for credit losses		-			-			4,300			-
Noninterest income		10,476			11,809			31,678			35,676
Noninterest expense		24,603			24,033			74,021			74,777
Income before taxes (FTE)		27,653			28,125			77,747			81,824
Income tax provision (FTE)		7,602			7,735			21,172			22,163
Net income	$	20,051		$	20,390		$	56,575		$	59,661

Average diluted common shares		26,946			27,027			26,998			26,976
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.74		$	0.75		$	2.10		$	2.21

Average total assets	$	6,414,399		$	5,570,843		$	6,044,098		$	5,580,965
Net income to average total assets (annualized)		1.24	%		1.45	%		1.25	%		1.43	%
Net income to average common shareholders' equity (annualized)		11.17	%		11.87	%		10.67	%		11.92	%

Net income for the third quarter 2020 decreased $339 thousand compared with the third quarter 2019. Net interest and loan fee income (FTE) increased $1.4 million in the third quarter 2020 compared with the third quarter 2019 mainly due to higher average balances of investments and PPP loans, partially offset by lower yield on interest-earning assets and loan payoffs and paydowns. The provision for credit losses remained zero, reflecting Management's evaluation of credit risk over the remaining life of loans and bonds. Third quarter 2020 noninterest income decreased $1.3 million due to lower economic activity related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Third quarter 2020 noninterest expense increased $570 thousand mostly because third quarter 2019 FDIC assessments were reduced by application of the Bank’s FDIC assessment credit. The tax rate (FTE) for the third quarter 2020 and the third quarter 2019 was 27.5%.

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Comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2020 with the nine months ended September 30, 2019 net income decreased $3.1 million. Net interest and loan fee (FTE) income increased $3.5 million due to higher average balances of investments and PPP loans, partially offset by lower yield on interest-earning assets and loan payoffs and paydowns. Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, include a provision of credit losses of $4.3 million, which reduced EPS $0.11, representing Management estimate of additional reserves needed over the remaining life of its loans due to credit-risk from economic weakness caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the provision for loan losses remained zero, reflecting Management's evaluation of losses inherent in the loan portfolio. In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, noninterest income decreased $4.0 million primarily due to lower economic activity related to the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by a $603 thousand recovery in excess of previously charged off loan amounts in the first nine months of 2020. In the nine months ended September 30, 2020 noninterest expense decreased $756 thousand compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to lower salaries, occupancy and equipment expenses, and lower amortization of intangible assets, and because the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included $553 thousand in loss contingency. The decrease was partially offset by higher FDIC assessments in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 because FDIC assessments in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were reduced by application of the Bank’s FDIC assessment credit. The tax rate (FTE) for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was 27.2% compared with 27.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Net Interest and Loan Fee Income (FTE)

Following is a summary of the components of net interest and loan fee income (FTE) for the periods indicated:

	For the Three Months						For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	($ in thousands)
Interest and loan fee income	$	41,365		$	39,695		$	122,895		$	118,804
FTE adjustment		881			1,109			2,838			3,558
Interest expense		466			455			1,343			1,437
Net interest and loan fee income (FTE)	$	41,780		$	40,349		$	124,390		$	120,925

Average earning assets	$	6,001,287		$	5,176,744		$	5,627,517		$	5,173,581
Net interest margin (FTE) (annualized)		2.78	%		3.11	%		2.95	%		3.12	%

Net interest and loan fee income (FTE) increased $1.4 million in the third quarter 2020 compared with the third quarter 2019 mainly due to higher average balances of investments (up $673 million) and average balances of $243 million of PPP loans, partially offset by lower yield on interest-earning assets (down 0.34%) and lower average balances of other loans (down $73 million).

Net interest and loan fee (FTE) income increased $3.5 million in the first nine months of 2020 compared with the first nine months of 2019 due to higher average balances of investments (up $381 million) and average balances of $126 million of PPP loans, partially offset by lower yield on interest-bearing earning assets (down 0.18%) and lower average balances of other loans (down $80 million).

The annualized net interest margin (FTE) was 2.78% in the third quarter 2020 and 2.95% in the first nine months of 2020 compared with 3.11% in the third quarter 2019 and 3.12% in the first nine months of 2019. The lower yield in in the third quarter 2020 and the first nine months of 2020 compared with 2019 is primarily due to lower yields on loans, investments and interest-bearing cash. Additionally, investments, which generally carry lower yield than loans, made up a higher percentage of total earning assets in the current periods (72.7% in the third quarter 2020 compared with 71.2% in the third quarter 2019 and 72.1% in the first nine months of 2020 compared with 71.0% in the first nine months of 2019).

The Company’s funding costs were 0.03% in the third quarter 2020 and in the first nine months of 2020 compared with 0.04% in the third quarter 2019 and in the first nine months of 2019. Average balances of time deposits in the third quarter 2020 declined $16 million from the third quarter 2019 and $20 million in the first nine months of 2020 from the first nine months of 2019. Average balances of checking and saving deposits accounted for 97.1% of average total deposits in the third quarter 2020 and 96.8% in the first nine months of 2020 compared with 96.2% in the third quarter 2019 and 96.1% in the first nine months of 2019.

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Net Interest Margin (FTE)

The following summarizes the components of the Company's net interest margin (FTE) for the periods indicated (percentages are annualized.)

	For the Three Months						For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019

Yield on earning assets (FTE)		2.81	%		3.15	%		2.98	%		3.16	%
Rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities		0.06	%		0.07	%		0.06	%		0.07	%
Net interest spread (FTE)		2.75	%		3.08	%		2.92	%		3.09	%
Impact of noninterest-bearing demand deposits		0.03	%		0.03	%		0.03	%		0.03	%
Net interest margin (FTE)		2.78	%		3.11	%		2.95	%		3.12	%

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Summary of Average Balances, Yields/Rates and Interest Differential

The following tables present information regarding the consolidated average assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity, the amounts of interest income earned from average interest earning assets and the resulting yields, and the amounts of interest expense incurred on average interest-bearing liabilities and the resulting rates. Average loan balances include nonperforming loans. Interest income includes reversal of previously accrued interest on loans placed on non-accrual status during the period and proceeds from loans on nonaccrual status only to the extent cash payments have been received and applied as interest income and accretion of purchased loan discounts. Yields, rates and interest margins are annualized.

Distribution of Assets, Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity and Yields, Rates & Interest Margin

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
			Interest
	Average		Income/		Yields/
	Balance		Expense		Rates
	($ in thousands)
Assets
Investment securities:
Taxable	$	3,918,846	$	23,079		2.36	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		441,273		3,689		3.34	%
Total investments ⁽¹⁾		4,360,119		26,768		2.46	%
Loans:
Taxable
Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans		243,104		2,501		4.08	%
Other		1,020,270		12,403		4.84	%
Total taxable		1,263,374		14,904		4.69	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		49,384		490		3.95	%
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		1,312,758		15,394		4.67	%
Total interest-bearing cash		328,410		84		0.10	%
Total Interest-earning assets ⁽¹⁾		6,001,287		42,246		2.81	%
Other assets		413,112
Total assets	$	6,414,399

Liabilities and shareholders' equity
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	2,695,458	$	-		-	%
Savings and interest-bearing transaction		2,674,647		323		0.05	%
Time less than $100,000		90,994		47		0.21	%
Time $100,000 or more		72,045		80		0.44	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,837,686		450		0.06	%
Short-term borrowed funds		94,031		16		0.07	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,931,717		466		0.06	%
Other liabilities		72,824
Shareholders' equity		714,400
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	6,414,399
Net interest spread ^{(1) (2)}						2.75	%
Net interest and fee income and interest margin ^{(1) (3)}			$	41,780		2.78	%

⁽¹⁾ Amounts calculated on an FTE basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Net interest spread represents the average yield earned on interest-earning assets less the average rate incurred on interest-bearing liabilities.

⁽³⁾ Net interest margin is computed by calculating the difference between interest income and expense, divided by the average balance of interest-earning assets. The net interest margin is greater than the net interest spread due to the benefit of noninterest-bearing demand deposits.

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Distribution of Assets, Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity and Yields, Rates & Interest Margin

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
			Interest
	Average		Income/		Yields/
	Balance		Expense		Rates
	($ in thousands)
Assets
Investment securities:
Taxable	$	3,096,255	$	19,586		2.53	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		590,794		4,782		3.24	%
Total investments ⁽¹⁾		3,687,049		24,368		2.64	%
Loans:
Taxable		1,094,107		14,038		5.09	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		48,561		497		4.06	%
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		1,142,668		14,535		5.05	%
Total interest-bearing cash		347,027		1,901		2.14	%
Total Interest-earning assets ⁽¹⁾		5,176,744		40,804		3.15	%
Other assets		394,099
Total assets	$	5,570,843

Liabilities and shareholders' equity
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	2,234,494	$	-		-	%
Savings and interest-bearing transaction		2,357,462		302		0.05	%
Time less than $100,000		101,452		64		0.25	%
Time $100,000 or more		77,568		81		0.41	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,536,482		447		0.07	%
Short-term borrowed funds		50,398		8		0.06	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,586,880		455		0.07	%
Other liabilities		67,956
Shareholders' equity		681,513
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	5,570,843
Net interest spread ^{(1) (2)}						3.08	%
Net interest and fee income and interest margin ^{(1) (3)}			$	40,349		3.11	%

⁽¹⁾ Amounts calculated on an FTE basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Net interest spread represents the average yield earned on interest-earning assets less the average rate incurred on interest-bearing liabilities.

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Distribution of Assets, Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity and Yields, Rates & Interest Margin

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
			Interest
	Average		Income/		Yields/
	Balance		Expense		Rates
	($ in thousands)
Assets
Investment securities:
Taxable	$	3,574,164	$	67,963		2.54	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		481,569		12,037		3.33	%
Total investments ⁽¹⁾		4,055,733		80,000		2.63	%
Loans:
Taxable:
PPP loans		125,632		4,174		4.43	%
Other		1,050,243		39,069		4.97	%
Total taxable		1,175,875		43,243		4.91	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		47,375		1,437		4.05	%
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		1,223,250		44,680		4.88	%
Total interest-bearing cash		348,534		1,053		0.40	%
Total Interest-earning assets ⁽¹⁾		5,627,517		125,733		2.98	%
Other assets		416,581
Total assets	$	6,044,098

Liabilities and shareholders' equity
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	2,472,495	$	-		-	%
Savings and interest-bearing transaction		2,551,053		922		0.05	%
Time less than $100,000		92,531		148		0.21	%
Time $100,000 or more		72,718		238		0.44	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,716,302		1,308		0.06	%
Short-term borrowed funds		68,917		34		0.07	%
Other borrowed funds		232		1		0.35	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,785,451		1,343		0.06	%
Other liabilities		77,593
Shareholders' equity		708,559
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	6,044,098
Net interest spread ^{(1) (2)}						2.92	%
Net interest and fee income and interest margin ^{(1) (3)}			$	124,390		2.95	%

⁽¹⁾ Amounts calculated on an FTE basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Net interest spread represents the average yield earned on interest-earning assets less the average rate incurred on interest-bearing liabilities.

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Distribution of Assets, Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity and Yields, Rates & Interest Margin

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
			Interest
	Average		Income/		Yields/
	Balance		Expense		Rates
	($ in thousands)
Assets
Investment securities:
Taxable	$	3,037,722	$	56,992		2.50	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		637,380		15,401		3.22	%
Total investments ⁽¹⁾		3,675,102		72,393		2.63	%
Loans:
Taxable		1,126,866		42,834		5.08	%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		50,191		1,538		4.10	%
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		1,177,057		44,372		5.04	%
Total interest-bearing cash		321,422		5,597		2.30	%
Total Interest-earning assets ⁽¹⁾		5,173,581		122,362		3.16	%
Other assets		407,384
Total assets	$	5,580,965

Liabilities and shareholders' equity
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	2,203,755	$	-		-	%
Savings and interest-bearing transaction		2,399,848		970		0.05	%
Time less than $100,000		105,339		194		0.25	%
Time $100,000 or more		80,142		246		0.41	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,585,329		1,410		0.07	%
Short-term borrowed funds		55,376		27		0.06	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,640,705		1,437		0.07	%
Other liabilities		67,462
Shareholders' equity		669,043
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	5,580,965
Net interest spread ^{(1) (2)}						3.09	%
Net interest and fee income and interest margin ^{(1) (3)}			$	120,925		3.12	%

⁽¹⁾ Amounts calculated on an FTE basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Net interest spread represents the average yield earned on interest-earning assets less the average rate incurred on interest-bearing liabilities.

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Summary of Changes in Interest Income and Expense due to Changes in Average Asset & Liability Balances and Yields Earned & Rates Paid

The following tables set forth a summary of the changes in interest income and interest expense due to changes in average assets and liability balances (volume) and changes in average interest yields/rates for the periods indicated. Changes not solely attributable to volume or yields/rates have been allocated in proportion to the respective volume and yield/rate components.

Summary of Changes in Interest Income and Expense

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Compared with
	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Volume			Yield/Rate			Total
	(In thousands)
Increase (decrease) in interest and loan fee income:
Investment securities:
Taxable	$	5,203		$	(1,710	)	$	3,493
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		(1,210	)		117			(1,093	)
Total investments ⁽¹⁾		3,993			(1,593	)		2,400
Loans:
Taxable:
PPP loans		2,501			-			2,501
Other		(946	)		(689	)		(1,635	)
Total taxable		1,555			(689	)		866
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		8			(15	)		(7	)
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		1,563			(704	)		859
Total interest-bearing cash		(102	)		(1,715	)		(1,817	)
Total increase (decrease) in interest and loan fee income ⁽¹⁾		5,454			(4,012	)		1,442
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Deposits:
Savings and interest-bearing transaction		41			(20	)		21
Time less than $100,000		(7	)		(10	)		(17	)
Time $100,000 or more		(6	)		5			(1	)
Total interest-bearing deposits		28			(25	)		3
Short-term borrowed funds		7			1			8
Total increase (decrease) in interest expense		35			(24	)		11
Increase (decrease) in net interest and loan fee income ⁽¹⁾	$	5,419		$	(3,988	)	$	1,431

⁽¹⁾ Amounts calculated on an FTE basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

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Summary of Changes in Interest Income and Expense

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Compared with
	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Volume			Yield/Rate			Total
	(In thousands)
Increase (decrease) in interest and loan fee income:
Investment securities:
Taxable	$	10,064		$	907		$	10,971
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		(3,765	)		401			(3,364	)
Total investments ⁽¹⁾		6,299			1,308			7,607
Loans:
Taxable:
PPP loans		4,174			-			4,174
Other		(2,886	)		(879	)		(3,765	)
Total taxable		1,288			(879	)		409
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		(85	)		(16	)		(101	)
Total loans ⁽¹⁾		1,203			(895	)		308
Total interest-bearing cash		474			(5,018	)		(4,544	)
Total increase (decrease) in interest and loan fee income ⁽¹⁾		7,976			(4,605	)		3,371
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Deposits:
Savings and interest-bearing transaction		61			(109	)		(48	)
Time less than $100,000		(24	)		(22	)		(46	)
Time $100,000 or more		(23	)		15			(8	)
Total interest-bearing deposits		14			(116	)		(102	)
Short-term borrowed funds		7			-			7
Other borrowed funds		1			-			1
Total increase (decrease) in interest expense		22			(116	)		(94	)
Increase (decrease) in net interest and loan fee income ⁽¹⁾	$	7,954		$	(4,489	)	$	3,465

⁽¹⁾ Amounts calculated on an FTE basis using the current statutory federal tax rate.

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company manages credit costs by consistently enforcing conservative underwriting and administration procedures and aggressively pursuing collection efforts with debtors experiencing financial difficulties. The provision for credit losses reflects Management's assessment of credit risk in the loan portfolio and debt securities held to maturity during each of the periods presented.

The Company’s first nine months of 2020 results include a provision of credit losses of $4.3 million recorded in the first quarter 2020. The provision represents Management’s estimate of additional reserves needed over the remaining life of its loans due to credit-risk from weakened economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company provided no provision for credit losses in the third quarter 2020, the third quarter 2019 and the first nine months of 2019 based on Management’s evaluation of credit quality and the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. For further information regarding credit risk, net credit losses and the allowance for credit losses, see the “Loan Portfolio Credit Risk” and “Allowance for Credit Losses” sections of this Report.

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Noninterest Income

The following table summarizes the components of noninterest income for the periods indicated.

	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands)

Service charges on deposit accounts	$	3,298	$	4,510	$	10,697	$	13,508
Merchant processing services		2,860		2,494		7,495		7,708
Debit card fees		1,611		1,641		4,538		4,789
Trust fees		756		733		2,247		2,199
ATM processing fees		606		725		1,703		2,080
Other service fees		454		580		1,380		1,742
Financial services commissions		58		75		306		270
Life insurance gains		-		-		-		433
Securities gains		-		-		71		50
Other noninterest income		833		1,051		3,241		2,897
Total	$	10,476	$	11,809	$	31,678	$	35,676

Third quarter 2020 noninterest income decreased $1.3 million compared with third quarter 2019 due to lower activity based fees from reduced economic activity related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in noninterest income was partially offset by higher income from merchant processing services.

In the first nine months of 2020, noninterest income decreased $4.0 million compared with the first nine months of 2019 due to lower income from activity based fees due to reduced economic activity related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the first nine months of 2019 included a life insurance gain of $433 thousand. The decrease was partially offset by a $603 thousand recovery in excess of previously charged off loan amounts in the first nine months of 2020.

Noninterest Expense

The following table summarizes the components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated.

	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands)

Salaries and related benefits	$	12,540	$	12,559	$	38,458	$	38,757
Occupancy and equipment		5,014		5,199		14,737		15,163
Outsourced data processing services		2,338		2,374		7,067		7,110
Professional fees		669		645		1,701		1,791
Courier service		500		456		1,499		1,349
Amortization of identifiable intangibles		72		76		218		465
Loss contingency		-		-		-		553
Other noninterest expense		3,470		2,724		10,341		9,589
Total	$	24,603	$	24,033	$	74,021	$	74,777

Noninterest expense increased $570 thousand in the third quarter 2020 compared with the third quarter 2019 primarily because third quarter 2019 FDIC assessments were reduced by application of the Bank’s FDIC assessment credit; the Company’s credit is fully exhausted. Additionally, lower occupancy and equipment costs also contributed to reducing noninterest expense in the third quarter 2020.

In the first nine months of 2020, noninterest expense decreased $756 thousand compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to lower salaries, occupancy and equipment expenses, and lower amortization of intangible assets, and because the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included $553 thousand of loss contingency. The decrease was partially offset by higher FDIC assessments in the first nine months of 2020 because FDIC assessments in the first nine months of 2019 were reduced by application of the Bank’s FDIC assessment credit.

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Provision for Income Tax

The Company’s income tax provision (FTE) was $7.6 million for the third quarter 2020 and $21.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared with $7.7 million for the third quarter 2019 and $22.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The effective tax rates (FTE) of 27.5% for the third quarter 2020 and 27.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared with 27.5% for the third quarter 2019 and 27.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company decreased unrecognized tax benefits by $909 thousand related to settlements with taxing authorities. The settlements incorporated amended tax returns for which the Company had recognized a deferred tax asset in the amount of $1,003 thousand.

Investment Securities Portfolio

The Company maintains an investment securities portfolio consisting of securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored entities, agency and non-agency mortgage backed securities, state and political subdivisions, corporations, collateralized loan obligations, commercial paper and other securities.

Management managed the investment securities portfolio in response to changes in deposit and loan volumes. The following table indicates the carrying values of investment securities in the Company’s portfolio by type as of the indicated dates. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2020. Debt securities of $577,795 thousand at September 30, 2020, is net of related reserve for expected credit losses of $16 thousand.

	At September 30, 2020					At December 31, 2019
	($ in thousands)
	Carrying Value		As a percent of total investment securities			Carrying Value		As a percent of total investment securities
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	1,021,342		22	%	$	1,297,395		34	%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		430,487		9	%		544,920		14	%
Corporate securities		2,212,827		49	%		1,833,783		48	%
Commercial paper		224,816		5	%		-		-	%
Collateralized loan obligations		670,134		15	%		6,755		-	%
U.S. Treasuries and agencies		-		-	%		131,167		4	%
Other		2,183		-	%		2,898		-	%
Total	$	4,561,789		100	%	$	3,816,918		100	%

Debt securities available for sale	$	3,983,994				$	3,078,846
Debt securities held to maturity		577,795					738,072
Total	$	4,561,789				$	3,816,918

Management continually evaluates the Company’s investment securities portfolio in response to established asset/liability management objectives, changing market conditions that could affect profitability, liquidity, and the level of interest rate risk to which the Company is exposed. These evaluations may cause Management to change the level of funds the Company deploys into investment securities and change the composition of the Company’s investment securities portfolio.

At September 30, 2020, substantially all of the Company’s investment securities continue to be investment grade rated by one or more major rating agencies. In addition to monitoring credit rating agency evaluations, Management performs its own evaluations regarding the credit worthiness of the issuer or the securitized assets underlying asset-backed securities. The Company’s procedures for evaluating investments in securities are in accordance with guidance issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, “Investing in Securities without Reliance on Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Agencies” (SR 12-15) and other regulatory guidance. There have been no significant differences in the Company’s internal analyses compared with the ratings assigned by the third party credit rating agencies.

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The following table summarizes total corporate securities by credit rating:

	At September 30, 2020					At December 31, 2019
	Market value		As a percent of total corporate securities			Market value		As a percent of total corporate securities
	($ in thousands)
AAA	$	21,926		1	%	$	26,148		1	%
AA+		21,058		1	%		45,697		2	%
AA		41,381		2	%		19,776		1	%
AA-		47,139		2	%		46,099		3	%
A+		147,496		7	%		179,217		10	%
A		410,904		18	%		439,017		24	%
A-		387,321		17	%		351,909		19	%
BBB+		528,288		24	%		384,788		21	%
BBB		506,442		23	%		314,868		17	%
BBB-		86,015		4	%		11,737		1	%
Investment grade		2,197,970		99	%		1,819,256		99	%
BB		14,857		1	%		14,527		1	%
Total Corporate securities	$	2,212,827		100	%	$	1,833,783		100	%

The Company’s $14.9 million corporate bond rated BB represents a bond of one pharmaceutical company which develops, manufactures and markets generic and branded human pharmaceuticals, as well as active pharmaceutical ingredients, to customers worldwide. The bond matures in 2021; the issuing company has refinanced much of its debt obligations beyond the maturity date.

The following table summarizes total corporate securities by the industry sector in which the issuing companies operate:

	At September 30, 2020					At December 31, 2019
	Market value		As a percent of total corporate securities			Market value		As a percent of total corporate securities
	($ in thousands)
Financial	$	956,862		43	%	$	772,852		42	%
Utilities		237,090		11	%		222,951		12	%
Industrial		188,866		9	%		177,051		10	%
Consumer, Non-cyclical		188,789		9	%		185,784		10	%
Communications		182,994		8	%		128,635		7	%
Basic Materials		135,279		6	%		76,434		4	%
Technology		130,312		6	%		107,632		6	%
Energy		99,815		4	%		86,883		5	%
Consumer, Cyclical		92,820		4	%		75,561		4	%
Total Corporate securities	$	2,212,827		100	%	$	1,833,783		100	%

The following table summarizes total consumer, cyclical by sub-sector:

	At September 30, 2020
	Market value
	($ in thousands)
Hotels	$	-
Restaurants		21,184
Department Stores		-
Casinos		-
Airlines		-
Other		71,636
Total Consumer, Cyclical	$	92,820

The Company’s $21.2 million in corporate bonds to issuers operating in the consumer cyclical – restaurant subsector represent bonds of one company which retails, roasts and provides its own brand of specialty coffee and other complimentary products through retail locations worldwide and sells coffee through several distribution channels. The bonds mature in 2023. At September 30, 2020, the bonds were rated BBB and priced with an unrealized gain of $1.2 million.

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	At September 30, 2020
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)

Energy	$	95,712	$	99,815
Industrial		179,626		188,866
Total	$	275,338	$	288,681

The $99.8M (fair value) in corporate bonds in the energy sector are issued by 4 issuers at September 30, 2020. The $188.9M (fair value) in corporate bonds in the industrial sector are issued by 10 issuers at September 30, 2020.

The following tables summarize the total general obligation and revenue bonds issued by states and political subdivisions held in the Company’s investment securities portfolios as of the dates indicated, identifying the state in which the issuing government municipality or agency operates.

At September 30, 2020, the Company’s investment securities portfolios included securities issued by 361 state and local government municipalities and agencies located within 40 states. The largest exposure to any one municipality or agency was $8.3 million (fair value) represented by six general obligation bonds.

	At September 30, 2020
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
General obligation bonds:
California	$	67,516	$	70,437
New Jersey		23,692		23,990
Washington		23,079		23,956
Texas		20,698		21,369
Other (32 states)		172,470		178,334
Total general obligation bonds	$	307,455	$	318,086

Revenue bonds:
California	$	18,579	$	19,042
Colorado		12,133		12,385
Kentucky		10,825		11,243
Indiana		9,358		9,607
Washington		8,829		9,011
Virginia		7,611		8,037
Arizona		6,110		6,216
Maryland		5,972		6,067
Other (19 states)		38,410		39,070
Total revenue bonds	$	117,827	$	120,678
Total obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	425,282	$	438,764

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At December 31, 2019, the Company’s investment securities portfolios included securities issued by 451 state and local government municipalities and agencies located within 42 states. The largest exposure to any one municipality or agency was $9.0 million (fair value) represented by one general obligation bond.

	At December 31, 2019
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
General obligation bonds:
California	$	83,984	$	86,527
Texas		36,396		36,815
New Jersey		29,347		29,688
Washington		23,862		24,516
Minnesota		20,624		20,871
Other (33 states)		189,286		193,302
Total general obligation bonds	$	383,499	$	391,719

Revenue bonds:
California	$	31,829	$	32,278
Kentucky		16,384		16,680
Colorado		12,176		12,479
Washington		11,208		11,509
Indiana		9,935		10,145
Virginia		8,027		8,328
Arizona		7,912		8,106
Other (25 states)		60,338		61,347
Total revenue bonds	$	157,809	$	160,872
Total obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	541,308	$	552,591

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the revenue bonds in the Company’s investment securities portfolios were issued by state and local government municipalities and agencies to fund public services such as water utility, sewer utility, recreational and school facilities, and general public and economic improvements. The revenue bonds were payable from 20 revenue sources at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The revenue sources that represent 5% or more individually of the total revenue bonds are summarized in the following tables.

	At September 30, 2020
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Revenue bonds by revenue source:
Water	$	29,268	$	29,752
Sewer		16,159		16,744
Sales tax		14,975		15,288
Lease (renewal)		9,342		9,709
Lease (abatement)		8,494		8,711
Other (15 sources)		39,589		40,474
Total revenue bonds by revenue source	$	117,827	$	120,678

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	At December 31, 2019
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Revenue bonds by revenue source:
Water	$	36,960	$	37,699
Sewer		19,039		19,545
Sales tax		15,695		16,101
Lease (renewal)		15,230		15,539
Lease (abatement)		10,913		11,160
Other (15 sources)		59,972		60,828
Total revenue bonds by revenue source	$	157,809	$	160,872

See Note 3 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information related to the investment securities.

Loan Portfolio Credit Risk

The Company extends loans to commercial and consumer customers which expose the Company to the risk borrowers will default, causing loan losses. The Company’s lending activities are exposed to various qualitative risks. All loan segments are exposed to risks inherent in the economy and market conditions. Significant risk characteristics related to the commercial loan segment include the borrowers’ business performance and financial condition, and the value of collateral for secured loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the commercial real estate segment include the borrowers’ business performance and the value of properties collateralizing the loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the construction loan segment include the borrowers’ performance in successfully developing the real estate into the intended purpose and the value of the property collateralizing the loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the residential real estate segment include the borrowers’ financial wherewithal to service the mortgages and the value of the property collateralizing the loans. Significant risk characteristics related to the consumer loan segment include the financial condition of the borrowers and the value of collateral securing the loans.

The Bank processed customer Paycheck Protection Program loan (“PPP loan”) applications as established by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The United States Small Business Administration guarantees PPP loans; given this guarantee, the PPP loans are not considered to have default risk. The Company funded $249 million PPP loans in the second quarter 2020. PPP loans, net of deferred fees and costs, were $244 million at September 30, 2020.

On April 7, 2020, the U.S. banking agencies issued an Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised). The statement describes accounting for COVID-19-related loan modifications, including clarifying the interaction between current accounting rules and the temporary relief provided by the CARES Act. The Bank has been actively working with consumer and commercial borrowers requesting deferral of loan payments, granting deferrals of principal and interest payments for 90 days. At September 30, 2020, 140 consumer loans granted loan deferrals totaled $5.0 million, 17 commercial real estate loans with deferred payments totaled $19.1 million, primarily for hospitality and retail properties, and five commercial loans with deferred payments totaled $209 thousand.

The preparation of the financial statements requires Management to estimate the amount of expected losses in the loan portfolio and establish an allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is maintained by assessing or reversing a provision for loan losses through the Company’s earnings. In estimating credit losses, Management must exercise judgment in evaluating information deemed relevant, such as financial information regarding individual borrowers, overall credit loss experience, the amount of past due, nonperforming and classified loans, recommendations of regulatory authorities, prevailing economic conditions and other information. The amount of ultimate losses on the loan portfolio can vary from the estimated amounts. Management follows a systematic methodology to estimate loss potential in an effort to reduce the differences between estimated and actual losses.

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The Company closely monitors the markets in which it conducts its lending operations and follows a strategy to control exposure to loans with high credit risk. The Bank’s organization structure separates the functions of business development and loan underwriting; Management believes this segregation of duties avoids inherent conflicts of combining business development and loan approval functions. In measuring and managing credit risk, the Company adheres to the following practices.

●

The Bank maintains a Loan Review Department which reports directly to the audit committee of the Board of Directors. The Loan Review Department performs independent evaluations of loans to challenge the credit risk grades assigned by Management using grading standards employed by bank regulatory agencies. Those loans judged to carry higher risk attributes are referred to as “classified loans.” Classified loans receive elevated Management attention to maximize collection.

●

The Bank maintains two loan administration offices whose sole responsibility is to manage and collect classified loans.

Classified loans with higher levels of credit risk are further designated as “nonaccrual loans.” Management places classified loans on nonaccrual status when full collection of contractual interest and principal payments is in doubt. Uncollected interest previously accrued on loans placed on nonaccrual status is reversed as a charge against interest income. The Company does not accrue interest income on loans following placement on nonaccrual status. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to reduce the carrying amount of the loan unless the carrying amount is well secured by loan collateral. “Nonperforming assets” include nonaccrual loans, loans 90 or more days past due and still accruing, and repossessed loan collateral (commonly referred to as “Other Real Estate Owned”).

Nonperforming Assets
	At September 30,				At December 31,
	2020		2019		2019
	(In thousands)

Nonperforming nonaccrual loans	$	409	$	633	$	659
Performing nonaccrual loans		3,971		3,670		3,781
Total nonaccrual loans		4,380		4,303		4,440
Accruing loans 90 or more days past due		360		351		440
Total nonperforming loans		4,740		4,654		4,880
Other real estate owned		43		43		43
Total nonperforming assets	$	4,783	$	4,697	$	4,923

At September 30, 2020, one loan secured by commercial real estate with a balance of $3.4 million was on nonaccrual status. The remaining eight nonaccrual loans held at September 30, 2020 had an average carrying value of $120 thousand.

Management believes the overall credit quality of the loan portfolio is reasonably stable; however, classified and nonperforming assets could fluctuate from period to period. The performance of any individual loan can be affected by external factors such as the interest rate environment, economic conditions, pandemics, and collateral values or factors particular to the borrower. No assurance can be given that additional increases in nonaccrual and delinquent loans will not occur in the future.

Allowance for Credit Losses

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instrum ents (“CECL”). The following table summarizes allowance for credit losses at the dates indicated:

	At September 30,				At December 31,
	2020		2019		2019
	(In thousands)

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans	$	24,142	$	19,828	$	19,484
Allowance for Credit Losses on Held to Maturity Debt Securities		16		-		-
Total Allowance for Credit Losses	$	24,158	$	19,828	$	19,484

Allowance for Credit Losses on Debt Securities Held to Maturity

Management segmented debt securities held to maturity, selected methods to estimate losses for each segment, and measured a loss estimate. Agency mortgage-backed securities were assigned no credit loss allowance due to the perceived backing of government sponsored entities. Municipal securities were evaluated for risk of default based on credit rating and remaining term to maturity using Moody’s risk of default factors; Moody’s loss upon default factors were applied to the assumed defaulted principal amounts to estimate the amount for credit loss allowance. The adoption of the ASU resulted in establishment of allowance for credit losses related to debt securities held to maturity of $16 thousand.

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Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The Company’s allowance for credit losses on loans represents Management’s estimate of forecasted credit losses in the loan portfolio based on the current expected credit loss (CECL) model. In evaluating credit risk for loans, Management measures loss potential of the carrying value of loans. As described above, payments received on nonaccrual loans may be applied against the principal balance of the loans until such time as full collection of the remaining recorded balance is expected.

The following table summarizes the allowance for loan losses/credit losses on loans, chargeoffs and recoveries for the periods indicated:

	For the Three Months						For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	($ in thousands)
Analysis of the Allowance for Credit Losses
Balance, beginning of period	$	24,529		$	20,117		$	19,484		$	21,351
Adoption of ASU 2016-13		-			-			2,017			-
Balance, beginning of period		24,529			20,117			21,501			21,351
Provision for credit losses		-			-			4,300			-
Loans charged off
Commercial		-			-			(178	)		(71	)
Consumer installment and other		(872	)		(1,039	)		(3,071	)		(3,332	)
Total chargeoffs		(872	)		(1,039	)		(3,249	)		(3,403	)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off
Commercial		46			233			282			449
Commercial real estate		12			12			37			38
Consumer installment and other		427			505			1,271			1,393
Total recoveries		485			750			1,590			1,880
Net loan losses		(387	)		(289	)		(1,659	)		(1,523	)
Balance, end of period	$	24,142		$	19,828		$	24,142		$	19,828

Net loan losses as a percentage of average total loans (annualized)		0.12	%		0.10	%		0.18	%		0.17	%

The Company's allowance for credit losses on loans is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for expected losses based on historical loss rates adjusted for current and expected conditions over a forecast period. These include conditions unique to individual borrowers, as well as overall credit loss experience, the amount of past due, nonperforming and classified loans, recommendations of regulatory authorities, prevailing and forecasted economic conditions, or credit protection agreements and other factors. Loans that share common risk characteristics are segregated into pools based on common characteristics, which is primarily determined by loan, borrower, or collateral type. Historical loss rates are determined for each pool. Loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans in the pools are evaluated individually. See Note 2 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

	Allowance for Credit Losses
	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
										Consumer
			Commercial				Residential			Installment
	Commercial		Real Estate		Construction		Real Estate			and Other			Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance at beginning of period	$	8,072	$	4,623	$	7	$	57		$	11,770		$	24,529
Provision (reversal)		867		1,030		-		(5	)		(1,892	)		-
Chargeoffs		-		-		-		-			(872	)		(872	)
Recoveries		46		12		-		-			427			485
Total allowance for credit losses	$	8,985	$	5,665	$	7	$	52		$	9,433		$	24,142

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	Allowance for Credit Losses
	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
												Consumer
				Commercial					Residential			Installment
	Commercial			Real Estate		Construction			Real Estate			and Other			Unallocated			Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance at beginning of period, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13	$	4,959		$	4,064	$	109		$	206		$	6,445		$	3,701		$	19,484
Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13		3,385			618		(31	)		(132	)		1,878			(3,701	)		2,017
Adjusted beginning balance		8,344			4,682		78			74			8,323			-			21,501
Provision (reversal)		537			946		(71	)		(22	)		2,910			-			4,300
Chargeoffs		(178	)		-		-			-			(3,071	)		-			(3,249	)
Recoveries		282			37		-			-			1,271			-			1,590
Total allowance for credit losses	$	8,985		$	5,665	$	7		$	52		$	9,433		$	-		$	24,142

Management considers the $24.1 million allowance for credit losses on loans to be adequate as a reserve against current expected credit losses in the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2020.

See Note 4 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information related to the loan portfolio, loan portfolio credit risk, allowance for credit losses on loans and other real estate owned.

Asset/Liability and Market Risk Management

Asset/liability management involves the evaluation, monitoring and management of interest rate risk, market risk, liquidity and funding. The fundamental objective of the Company's management of assets and liabilities is to maximize its economic value while maintaining adequate liquidity and a conservative level of interest rate risk.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is a significant market risk affecting the Company. Many factors affect the Company’s exposure to interest rates, such as general economic and financial conditions, customer preferences, historical pricing relationships, and re-pricing characteristics of financial instruments. Financial instruments may mature or re-price at different times. Financial instruments may re-price at the same time but by different amounts. Short-term and long-term market interest rates may change by different amounts. The timing and amount of cash flows of various financial instruments may change as interest rates change. In addition, the changing levels of interest rates may have an impact on loan demand and demand for various deposit products.

The Company’s earnings are affected not only by general economic conditions, but also by the monetary and fiscal policies of the United States government and its agencies, particularly the FOMC. The monetary policies of the FOMC can influence the overall growth of loans, investment securities, and deposits and the level of interest rates earned on loans and investment securities and paid for deposits and other borrowings. The nature and impact of future changes in monetary policies are generally not predictable.

Management attempts to manage interest rate risk while enhancing the net interest margin and net interest income. At times, depending on expected increases or decreases in market interest rates, the relationship between long and short-term interest rates, market conditions and competitive factors, Management may adjust the Company's interest rate risk position. The Company's results of operations and net portfolio values remain subject to changes in interest rates and to fluctuations in the difference between long and short-term interest rates.

Management monitors the Company’s interest rate risk using a purchased simulation model, which is periodically validated using supervisory guidance issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, SR 11-7 “Guidance on Model Risk Management.” Management measures its exposure to interest rate risk using both a static and dynamic composition of financial instruments. Within the static composition simulation, cash flows are assumed redeployed into like financial instruments at prevailing rates and yields, except cash flows from PPP loans are reinvested into interest-bearing cash. Within the dynamic composition simulation, Management makes assumptions regarding the expected change in the volume of financial instruments given the assumed change in market interest rates. Both simulations are used to measure expected changes in net interest income assuming various levels of change in market interest rates.

The Company’s asset and liability position was slightly “asset sensitive” at September 30, 2020, depending on the interest rate assumptions applied to each simulation model. An “asset sensitive” position results in a slightly larger change in interest income than in interest expense resulting from application of assumed interest rate changes.

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At September 30, 2020, Management’s most recent measurements of estimated changes in net interest income were:

Static Simulation (balance sheet composition unchanged):
Assumed Immediate Parallel Shift in Interest Rates	0.00	%	+1.00	%
First Year Change in Net Interest Income	-6.00	%	+5.70	%

Dynamic Simulation (balance sheet composition changes):
Assumed Change in Interest Rates Over 1 Year	0.00	%	+1.00	%
First Year Change in Net Interest Income	-1.75	%	+2.60	%

Simulation estimates depend on, and will change with, the size and mix of the actual and projected composition of financial instruments at the time of each simulation.

The Company does not currently engage in trading activities or use derivative instruments to manage interest rate risk, even though such activities may be permitted with the approval of the Company's Board of Directors.

Market Risk - Equity Markets

Equity price risk can affect the Company. Preferred or common stock holdings, as permitted by banking regulations, can fluctuate in value. Changes in value of preferred or common stock holdings are recognized in the Company's income statement.

Fluctuations in the Company's common stock price can impact the Company's financial results in several ways. First, the Company has at times repurchased and retired its common stock; the market price paid to retire the Company's common stock affects the level of the Company's shareholders' equity, cash flows and shares outstanding. Second, the Company's common stock price impacts the number of dilutive equivalent shares used to compute diluted earnings per share. Third, fluctuations in the Company's common stock price can motivate holders of options to purchase Company common stock through the exercise of such options thereby increasing the number of shares outstanding and potentially adding volatility to the book tax provision. Finally, the amount of compensation expense and tax deductions associated with share based compensation fluctuates with changes in and the volatility of the Company's common stock price.

Market Risk - Other

Market values of loan collateral can directly impact the level of loan chargeoffs and the provision for credit losses. The financial condition and liquidity of debtors issuing bonds and debtors whose mortgages or other obligations are securitized can directly impact the credit quality of the Company’s investment securities portfolio requiring the Company to establish or increase reserves for credit losses. Other types of market risk, such as foreign currency exchange risk, are not significant in the normal course of the Company's business activities.

Liquidity and Funding

The objective of liquidity management is to manage cash flow and liquidity reserves so that they are adequate to fund the Company's operations and meet obligations and other commitments on a timely basis and at a reasonable cost. The Company achieves this objective through the selection of asset and liability maturity mixes that it believes best meet its needs. The Company's liquidity position is enhanced by its ability to raise additional funds as needed by selling debt securities available-for-sale or borrowing in the wholesale markets.

In recent years, the Company's deposit base has provided the majority of the Company's funding requirements. This relatively stable and low-cost source of funds, along with shareholders' equity, provided 98% of funding for average total assets in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The stability of the Company’s funding from customer deposits is in part reliant on the confidence clients have in the Company. The Company places a very high priority in maintaining this confidence through conservative credit and capital management practices and by maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity.

Liquidity is further provided by assets such as balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank, investment securities, and amortizing loans. The Company's investment securities portfolio provides a substantial secondary source of liquidity. The Company held $4.6 billion in total investment securities at September 30, 2020. Under certain deposit, borrowing and other arrangements, the Company must hold and pledge investment securities as collateral. At September 30, 2020, such collateral requirements totaled approximately $850 million.

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The Bank funded $249 million in PPP loans by crediting loan proceeds to the borrower’s deposit accounts. The Federal Reserve Bank established the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (“PPPLF”) to provide funding for eligible firms extending PPP loans. Under the PPPLF, the Bank must pledge PPP loans as collateral for PPPLF borrowings. Principal reductions on the pledged PPP loans must immediately result in principal reduction of the PPPLF borrowing.

Liquidity risk can result from the mismatching of asset and liability cash flows, or from disruptions in the financial markets. The Company performs liquidity stress tests on a periodic basis to evaluate the sustainability of its liquidity. Under the stress testing, the Company assumes outflows of funds increase beyond expected levels. Measurement of such heightened outflows considers the composition of the Company’s deposit base, including any concentration of deposits, non-deposit funding such as short-term borrowings, and unfunded lending commitments. The Company evaluates its stock of highly liquid assets to meet the assumed higher levels of outflows. Highly liquid assets include cash and amounts due from other banks from daily transaction settlements, reduced by branch cash needs and Federal Reserve Bank reserve requirements, and investment securities based on regulatory risk-weighting guidelines. Based on the results of the most recent liquidity stress test, Management is satisfied with the liquidity condition of the Bank and the Company. However, no assurance can be given the Bank or Company will not experience a period of reduced liquidity.

Management continually monitors the Company’s cash levels. Loan demand from credit worthy borrowers will be dictated by economic and competitive conditions. The Company aggressively solicits non-interest bearing demand deposits and money market checking deposits, which are the least sensitive to changes in interest rates. The growth of these deposit balances is subject to heightened competition, the success of the Company's sales efforts, delivery of superior customer service, new regulations and market conditions. The Company does not aggressively solicit higher-costing time deposits. Changes in interest rates, most notably rising interest rates, could impact deposit volumes. Depending on economic conditions, interest rate levels, liquidity management and a variety of other conditions, deposit growth may be used to fund loans or purchase investment securities. However, due to possible volatility in economic conditions, competition and political uncertainty, loan demand and levels of customer deposits are not certain. Shareholder dividends are expected to continue subject to the Board's discretion and continuing evaluation of capital levels, earnings, asset quality and other factors.

Westamerica Bancorporation ("Parent Company") is a separate entity apart from the Bank and must provide for its own liquidity. In addition to its operating expenses, the Parent Company is responsible for the payment of dividends declared for its shareholders, and interest and principal on any outstanding debt. The Parent Company currently has no debt. Substantially all of the Parent Company's revenues are obtained from subsidiary dividends and service fees.

The Bank’s dividends paid to the Parent Company, proceeds from the exercise of stock options, and Parent Company cash balances provided adequate cash for the Parent Company to pay shareholder dividends of $33 million and $44 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, respectively, and retire common stock in the amount of $11.7 million and $488 thousand, respectively. Payment of dividends to the Parent Company by the Bank is limited under California and Federal laws. The Company believes these regulatory dividend restrictions will not have an impact on the Parent Company's ability to meet its ongoing cash obligations.

Capital Resources

The Company has historically generated high levels of earnings, which provide a means of accumulating capital. The Company's net income as a percentage of average shareholders' equity (“return on equity” or “ROE”) has been 10.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 11.9% in the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company also raises capital as employees exercise stock options. Capital raised through the exercise of stock options was $2.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and $14 million in the year ended December 31, 2019.

The Company paid common dividends totaling $33 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and $44 million in the year ended December 31, 2019, which represent dividends per common share of $1.23 and $1.63, respectively. The Company's earnings have historically exceeded dividends paid to shareholders. The amount of earnings in excess of dividends provides the Company resources to finance growth and maintain appropriate levels of shareholders' equity. In the absence of profitable growth opportunities, the Company has at times repurchased and retired its common stock as another means to return earnings to shareholders. The Company repurchased and retired 228 thousand shares valued at $11.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 8 thousand shares valued at $488 thousand in the year ended December 31, 2019.

The Company's primary capital resource is shareholders' equity, which was $826 million at September 30, 2020 compared with $731 million at December 31, 2019. The Company's ratio of equity to total assets was 12.6% at September 30, 2020 and 13.0% at December 31, 2019.

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The Company performs capital stress tests on a periodic basis to evaluate the sustainability of its capital. Under the stress testing, the Company assumes various scenarios such as deteriorating economic and operating conditions, unanticipated asset devaluations, and significant operational lapses. The Company measures the impact of these scenarios on its earnings and capital. Based on the results of the most recent stress tests, Management is satisfied with the capital condition of the Bank and the Company. However, no assurance can be given the Bank or Company will not experience a period of reduced earnings or a reduction in capital from unanticipated events and circumstances.

Capital to Risk-Adjusted Assets

The capital ratios for the Company and the Bank under current regulatory capital standards are presented in the tables below, on the dates indicated.

										To Be
										Well-capitalized
							Required for			Under Prompt
	At September 30, 2020						Capital Adequacy			Corrective Action
	Company			Bank			Purposes			Regulations (Bank)

Common Equity Tier I Capital		14.82	%		11.89	%		7.00	%		6.50	%
Tier I Capital		14.82	%		11.89	%		8.50	%		8.00	%
Total Capital		15.42	%		12.65	%		10.50	%		10.00	%
Leverage Ratio		9.48	%		7.57	%		4.00	%		5.00	%

										To Be
										Well-capitalized
							Required for			Under Prompt
	At December 31, 2019						Capital Adequacy			Corrective Action
	Company			Bank			Purposes			Regulations (Bank)

Common Equity Tier I Capital		16.22	%		11.80	%		7.00	%		6.50	%
Tier I Capital		16.22	%		11.80	%		8.50	%		8.00	%
Total Capital		16.83	%		12.58	%		10.50	%		10.00	%
Leverage Ratio		10.50	%		7.60	%		4.00	%		5.00	%

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an update to the accounting standards for credit losses known as the "Current Expected Credit Losses" (CECL) methodology, which replaced the existing incurred loss methodology for certain financial assets. The Company adopted the CECL methodology effective January 1, 2020, which involved an implementing accounting entry to retained earnings on a net-of-tax basis. The adoption of the CECL methodology did not have a material adverse day-one impact to capital ratios and the Company did not adopt the phase in regulatory capital relief. See Note 2 to unaudited consolidated financial statements, “Recently Adopted Accounting Standards” for more information on the CECL methodology.

PPP loans are zero percent risk weighted for regulatory capital purposes; average PPP loans of $243 million did not affect regulatory capital ratios, other than an insignificant impact on the Leverage ratio. To the extent funding of PPP loans is through excess cash balances or PPPLF borrowings, the Leverage ratio is unaffected. However, PPP loans funded by increased non-PPPLF borrowings reduces the leverage ratio.

The Company and the Bank routinely project capital levels by analyzing forecasted earnings, credit quality, shareholder dividends, asset volumes, share repurchase activity, stock option exercise proceeds, and other factors. Based on current capital projections, the Company and the Bank expect to maintain regulatory capital levels in excess of the minimum required to be considered well-capitalized under the prompt corrective action framework while continuing to pay quarterly dividends to shareholders. No assurance can be given that changes in capital management plans will not occur.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company does not currently engage in trading activities or use derivative instruments to control interest rate risk, even though such activities may be permitted with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Credit risk and interest rate risk are the most significant market risks affecting the Company, and equity price risk can also affect the Company’s financial results. These risks are described in the preceding sections regarding “Loan Portfolio Credit Risk,” and “Asset/Liability and Market Risk Management.” Other types of market risk, such as foreign currency exchange risk and commodity price risk, are not significant in the normal course of the Company’s business activities.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of September 30, 2020.

Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that material information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required and that such information is communicated to the Company’s management, including the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures. The evaluation did not identify any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Due to the nature of its business, the Company is subject to various threatened or filed legal cases. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any material pending legal proceeding, nor is their property the subject of any material pending legal proceeding, other than ordinary routine legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business. Based on the advice of legal counsel, the Company does not expect such cases will have a material, adverse effect on its business, financial position or results of operations. Legal liabilities are accrued when obligations become probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The Company’s Form 10-K as of December 31, 2019 includes detailed disclosure about the risks faced by the Company’s business. The following is an update on risk factors that have changed since the Form 10-K was filed.

The COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic Will Have an Uncertain Impact on the Company's Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic caused escalating infections in the United States beginning in the first quarter of 2020 that continued through the third quarter of 2020 and may continue for some time. The spread of the outbreak has disrupted the United States economy including banking and other financial activity in the market areas in which the Company and its banking subsidiary, Westamerica Bank (the "Bank"), operate. Regions and states of the United States of America have implemented varying degrees of "stay at home" directives in an effort to prevent the spread of the virus. On March 19, 2020, the Governor of the State of California ordered all individuals living in the State of California to stay within their residence to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus and many businesses have suspended or reduced business activities. The California "stay at home" directive excludes essential businesses, including banks, and the Bank remains open and fully operational. These "stay at home" directives have, however, significantly reduced economic activity in the United States and the State of California. In the second and third quarters of 2020 the “stay at home” directives were gradually lifted in varying stages in counties of the State of California, though restrictions could be re-imposed to some degree if infections increase. Counties with high infection rates delayed reopening and restrictions on certain economic activity remains. California-based claims for unemployment remain elevated during the third quarter of 2020.

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The Bank's investment portfolio contains bonds for which the source of repayment is domestic mortgage repayments, domestic municipalities throughout the United States, and domestic and global corporations. The value of the Bank's investment portfolio may decline if, for example, the general economy deteriorates, inflation increases, credit ratings decline, the issuers’ financial condition deteriorates or the liquidity for debt securities declines.

In response to the pandemic, the Federal Reserve has engaged significant levels of monetary policy to provide liquidity and credit facilities to the financial markets. On March 15, 2020, the Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") reduced the target range for the federal funds rate to 0 to 0.25 percent; relatedly, the FOMC reduced the interest rate paid on deposit balances to 0.10 percent effective March 16, 2020, all of which may negatively impact net interest income. The Bank maintains deposit balances at the Federal Reserve Bank; the amount that earns interest is identified in the Company's financial statements as "interest-bearing cash".

In response to the pandemic, the United States federal government enacted the CARES Act on March 27, 2020, providing an estimated $2 trillion fiscal stimulus to the United States economy. The CARES Act established the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) with $350 billion to provide businesses with federally guaranteed loans to support payroll and certain operating expenses. The loans were guaranteed by the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and funded through banks. In April 2020, the PPP program was expanded with an additional $310 billion. At June 30, 2020, the Bank funded $249 million in government guaranteed PPP loans which meaningfully increased interest-earning assets and related interest and fee income. PPP loans, net of deferred fees and costs, were $244 million at September 30, 2020.

On April 7, 2020, the U.S. banking agencies issued an Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised). The statement describes accounting for COVID-19-related loan modifications, including clarifying the interaction between current accounting rules and the temporary relief provided by the CARES Act. The Bank continues to work with loan customers requesting deferral of loan payments due to economic weakness caused by the pandemic. At September 30, 2020, consumer loans granted loan deferrals totaled $5.0 million, commercial real estate loans with deferred payments totaled $19.1 million, primarily for hospitality and retail properties, and commercial loans with deferred payments totaled $209 thousand.

Any one or a combination of the factors identified above, or other factors, could materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

The Recent Decline in Oil Prices Could Have an Impact on the Company's Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Oil prices have declined considerably in the first nine months of 2020. The decline in oil prices could negatively affect the financial results of industrial sector-based and energy sector-based corporate issuers of corporate bonds owned by the Company. The Company’s corporate debt securities include 14 issuers in industrial and energy sectors with aggregate amortized cost of $275.3 million and fair value of $288.7 million at September 30, 2020. These securities continue to be investment grade rated by a major rating agency.

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The Company is a participating lender in the PPP. The SBA guarantees 100% of loans funded under the PPP. Loan proceeds used for eligible payroll and certain other operating costs are forgiven with repayment of loan principal and accrued interest made by the SBA. There is some ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP, which exposes the Company to potential risks relating to noncompliance with the PPP. Any financial liability, litigation costs or reputational damage related to the PPP or related litigation or regulatory enforcement actions could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company may be exposed to credit risk on PPP loans if the SBA determines that there is a deficiency in the manner in which the loan was originated, funded, or serviced. If the SBA identifies a deficiency, it could deny its liability under the guaranty, reduce the amount of the guaranty, or, if it has already paid under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from the Company.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a) None

(b) None

The table below sets forth the information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of Westamerica Bancorporation or any “affiliated purchaser”, as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), of common stock during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

	2020
Period	(a) Total Number of Shares Purchased		(b) Average Price Paid per Share		(c) Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		(d) Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
	(In thousands, except price paid)
July 1 through July 31		-	$	-		-		1,750
August 1 through August 31		-		-		-		1,750
September 1 through September 30		35		52.42		35		1,715
Total		35	$	52.42		35		1,715

The Company repurchases shares of its common stock in the open market on a discretionary basis to optimize the Company’s use of equity capital and enhance shareholder value and with the intention of lessening the dilutive impact of issuing new shares under stock option plans, and other ongoing requirements.

A share repurchase program was approved by the Company’s Board of Directors on July 25, 2019 authorizing the purchase of up to 1,750 thousand shares of the Company’s common stock from time to time prior to September 1, 2020. The Board of Directors approved and adopted a replacement program on July 23, 2020 authorizing the purchase of up to 1,750 thousand shares of the Company’s common stock from time to time prior to September 1, 2021.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.		Description of Exhibit

Exhibit 31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

Exhibit 31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

Exhibit 32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 101.INS		XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

Exhibit 101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Exhibit 101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

Exhibit 101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document

Exhibit 101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

Exhibit 101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

Exhibit 104.		The Cover page of Westamerica Bancorporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, formatted in Inline XBRL (contained in Exhibit 101)

[The remainder of this page intentionally left blank]

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

WESTAMERICA BANCORPORATION

(Registrant)

/s/ Jesse Leavitt
Jesse Leavitt
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Chief Accounting Officer)

Date: November 5, 2020

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I - Financial Information Item 1 Financial Statements Note 1: Basis Of Presentation Note 2: Accounting Policies Note 3: Investment Securities Note 4: Loans, Allowance For Loan Losses/credit Losses and Other Real Estate Owned Note 5: Concentration Of Credit Risk Note 6: Other Assets and Other Liabilities Note 7: Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets Note 8: Deposits and Borrowed Funds Note 9: Fair Value Measurements Note 10: Commitments and Contingent Liabilities Note 11: Earnings Per Common Share Note 12: Impact Of Covid-19 Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 4. Controls and Procedures Part II. Other Information Item 1. Legal Proceedings Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities and Use Of Proceeds Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Item 5. Other Information Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibits

Exhibit 31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Exhibit 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Exhibit 32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Exhibit 32.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

WABC 10-Q Quarter ended Sept. 30, 2020

Exhibits