CVBF 10-Q Quarterly Report Sept. 30, 2025 | Alphaminr

CVBF 10-Q Quarter ended Sept. 30, 2025

CVB FINANCIAL CORP
10-Ks and 10-Qs
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
10-Q
10-Q
10-Q
10-K
PROXIES
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
DEF 14A
10-Q
false Q3 --12-31 0000354647 four years http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#NoninterestIncome http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#NoninterestIncome http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#NoninterestIncome http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#NoninterestIncome http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025#ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax Four Year Five Year 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:FinancialAsset30To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2024-03-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AgribusinessMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-03-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 srt:MinimumMember srt:ScenarioForecastMember cvbf:UnemploymentMember 2025-10-01 2028-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 srt:ScenarioForecastMember cvbf:UnemploymentMember 2026-01-01 2026-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:UnfundedCommitmentsMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 srt:ScenarioForecastMember cvbf:GdpMember srt:MaximumMember 2025-10-01 2028-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:FinancingReceivablesCurrentMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:SecuredByFarmLandMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember cvbf:FinancingReceivablesCurrentMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:FinancingReceivablesCurrentMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:FinancialAsset30To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:SecuredByDairyAndLiveStockLandMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RealEstateLoanMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2025-05-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember cvbf:FinancialAsset30To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:FederalHomeLoanBankAdvancesMayTwoThousandTwentySevenMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardsUpdate201409NotAdoptedMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2023-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:InterestRateSwapAgreementsWithCustomersMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:RealEstateLoanMember cvbf:SecuredByFarmLandMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 srt:MinimumMember srt:ScenarioForecastMember cvbf:GdpMember 2025-10-01 2027-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:SecuritiesSoldUnderAgreementsToRepurchaseMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-05-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FederalHomeLoanBankAdvancesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardsUpdate201409NotAdoptedMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 2025-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 country:US 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:ModificationsOfLoansToBorrowersExperiencingFinancialDifficultyMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:SecuredByAgriculturalLandMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:RealEstateLoanMember cvbf:SecuredByFarmLandMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:PassMember us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:UnallocatedPortfolioLayerFairValueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardsUpdate201409NotAdoptedMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:SecuritiesSoldUnderAgreementsToRepurchaseMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:FinancialAsset30To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:SubstandardMember us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:RealEstateLoanMember cvbf:SecuredByFarmLandMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:SubstandardMember us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:SecuredByFarmLandMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 2024-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:FederalHomeLoanBankAdvancesMayTwoThousandTwentySixMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:SecuredByAgriculturalLandMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:RealEstateLoanMember cvbf:SecuredByFarmLandMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember us-gaap:FinancialGuaranteeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:ModificationsOfLoansToBorrowersExperiencingFinancialDifficultyMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:FederalHomeLoanBankAdvancesMayTwoThousandTwentySevenMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:UnfundedCommitmentsMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:PassMember us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConsumerOtherMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:ResidentialMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:FinancingReceivablesCurrentMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2023-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-03-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:FederalHomeLoanBankAdvancesMayTwoThousandTwentySixMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 2025-11-06 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionNonSpeculativeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyAndLivestockLoansMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardsUpdate201409NotAdoptedMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ModificationsOfLoansToBorrowersExperiencingFinancialDifficultyMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:UnallocatedPortfolioLayerFairValueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 2023-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:DoubtfulMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember us-gaap:ContractualInterestRateReductionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 srt:MinimumMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2024-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RealEstateLoanMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CreditCardMember cvbf:AccountingStandardUpdate201409Member 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:PassMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:AgribusinessMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialRealEstateLoansMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialAndIndustrialMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member cvbf:SmallBusinessAdministrationLoansMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:MunicipalLeaseFinanceReceivablesMember 2023-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember cvbf:LoansExcludingPurchasedCreditImpairedLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember cvbf:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:PassMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember cvbf:TermExtensionMember 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerAndOtherLoansMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2025-06-30 0000354647 cvbf:DairyLivestockAndAgribusinessMember 2024-01-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommonStockIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:PaycheckProtectionProgramMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 cvbf:ConsumerMortgageMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:CommercialTradeFinancingMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancialAssetNotPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember 2023-01-01 2023-06-30 0000354647 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember 2025-07-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:GovernmentAgencyGseMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember us-gaap:FairValueHedgingMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2025-01-01 2025-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member cvbf:InvestmentSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2025-09-30 0000354647 cvbf:ConstructionSpeculativeMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 0000354647 us-gaap:CollateralizedMortgageObligationsMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2024-12-31 0000354647 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2024-07-01 2024-09-30 cvbf:Location xbrli:pure cvbf:Subsidiary cvbf:Agreement xbrli:shares cvbf:Center iso4217:USD xbrli:shares cvbf:Collateral iso4217:USD

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025

or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission File Number: 000-10140

CVB FINANCIAL CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California

95-3629339

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

701 North Haven Ave. , Suite 350

Ontario , California

91764

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

( 909 ) 980-4030

(Registrant's telephone number,

including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, No Par Value

CVBF

The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer or smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes No

Number of shares of common stock of the registrant : 136,809,068 o utstanding as of November 06, 2025.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I –

FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

3

ITEM 1.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

4

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

10

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

40

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

40

OVERVIEW

43

ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

45

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

55

ASSET/LIABILITY AND MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

72

ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

75

ITEM 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

75

PART II –

OTHER INFORMATION

76

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

76

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

76

ITEM 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

76

ITEM 3.

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

77

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

77

ITEM 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

77

ITEM 6.

EXHIBITS

78

SIGNATURES

79

2


PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

GENERAL

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements set forth herein constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “will likely result”, “aims”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “could”, “estimates”,
“expects”, “hopes”, “intends”, “may”, “plans”, “projects”, “seeks”, “should”, “will,” “strategy”, “possibility”, and variations
of these words and similar expressions help to identify these forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties that
could cause actual results or performance to differ materially from those projected. These forward-looking statements are based on
management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company,
including, without limitation, plans, strategies, goals and statements about the Company’s outlook regarding revenue and asset
growth, financial performance and profitability, capital and liquidity levels, loan and deposit growth and retention, yields and
returns, loan diversification and credit management, stockholder value creation, tax rates, the impact of business, economic, or political developments, the impact of monetary, fiscal and trade policies, and the impact of acquisitions we have made or may make. Such statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond the control of the
Company, and there can be no assurance that future developments affecting the Company will be the same as those anticipated by
management. The Company cautions readers that a number of important factors in addition to those set forth below could cause
actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, such forward-looking statements.

General risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: the strength of the United States economy and the strength of the local economies in which we conduct business; the effects of, and changes in, immigration, trade,
tariff, monetary, and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System; inflation/deflation, interest rate, market, and monetary fluctuations; the effect of acquisitions we have made or may make,
including, without limitation, the failure to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals, the failure to achieve the expected revenue
growth and/or expense savings from such acquisitions, and/or the failure to effectively integrate an acquisition target, key
personnel and customers into our operations; the timely development of competitive new products and services, and the acceptance
of these products and services by potential and existing customers; the impact of changes in financial services policies, laws, and
regulations, including those concerning banking, taxes, securities, and insurance, and the application thereof by regulatory agencies; the effectiveness of our risk management framework and quantitative models; changes in the levels of our nonperforming assets and charge-offs; the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices or accounting standards, as may be adopted from time-to-time by bank regulatory agencies, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other accounting standards setters; possible credit related
impairments or declines in the fair value of loans and securities held by us; possible impairment charges to goodwill, including any
impairment that may result from increased volatility in our stock price; changes in consumer or business spending, borrowing, and savings
habits; the effects of our lack of a diversified loan portfolio, including the risks of geographic and industry concentrations; periodic
fluctuations in commercial or residential real estate prices or values; our ability to attract and retain deposits (including low cost
deposits) or to access government or private lending facilities and other sources of liquidity; the possibility that we may reduce or
discontinue the payments of dividends on our common stock; changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our
borrowers or depositors; changes in the competitive environment among financial and bank holding companies and other financial service
providers; technological changes in banking and financial services; systemic or non-systemic bank failures or crises; geopolitical
conditions, including acts or threats of terrorism, actions taken by the United States or other governments in response to acts or
threats of terrorism, and/or military conflicts, which could impact business and economic conditions in the United States and
abroad; catastrophic events or natural disasters, including earthquakes, drought, climate change or extreme weather events that
may affect our assets, communications or computer services, customers, employees or third party vendors; public health crises and
pandemics, and their effects on our asset credit quality, business operations, and employees, as well as the impact on general
economic and financial market conditions; cybersecurity threats and fraud and the cost of defending against them, including the
costs of compliance with legislation or regulations to combat cybersecurity threats and fraud; our ability to recruit and retain key
executives, board members and other employees, and our compliance with federal, state and local employment laws and
regulations; ongoing or unanticipated regulatory or legal proceedings or outcomes; and our ability to manage the risks involved in
the foregoing.

Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements are discussed in the Company's 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and available at the SEC’s Internet site (http://www.sec.gov).

The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements to
reflect occurrences or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements, except as required by law. Any
statements about future operating results, such as those concerning accretion and dilution to the Company’s earnings, equity or
shareholder returns, are for illustrative purposes only, are not forecasts, and actual results may differ.

3


ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLI DATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLI DATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)

September 30,

December 31,

2025

2024

Assets

Cash and due from banks

$

151,848

$

153,875

Interest-earning balances due from Federal Reserve

632,072

50,823

Total cash and cash equivalents

783,920

204,698

Interest-earning balances due from depository institutions

13,163

480

Investment securities available-for-sale, at fair value (with amortized cost of
$
2,902,365 at September 30, 2025, and $ 2,997,047 at December 31, 2024)

2,579,397

2,542,115

Investment securities held-to-maturity (with fair value of $ 1,935,898 at
September 30, 2025, and $
1,954,345 at December 31, 2024)

2,297,909

2,379,668

Total investment securities

4,877,306

4,921,783

Investment in stock of Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB)

18,012

18,012

Loans and lease finance receivables

8,470,906

8,536,432

Allowance for credit losses

( 79,336

)

( 80,122

)

Net loans and lease finance receivables

8,391,570

8,456,310

Premises and equipment, net

26,595

27,543

Bank owned life insurance

323,881

316,248

Accrued interest receivable

42,785

45,716

Intangibles

6,654

9,967

Goodwill

765,822

765,822

Income taxes

162,569

171,178

Other assets

253,929

215,898

Total assets

$

15,666,206

$

15,153,655

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Liabilities:

Deposits:

Noninterest-bearing

$

7,244,968

$

7,037,096

Interest-bearing

4,879,271

4,911,285

Total deposits

12,124,239

11,948,381

Customer repurchase agreements

451,258

261,887

Other borrowings

500,000

500,000

Deferred compensation

21,994

22,909

Accrued interest payable

4,643

5,047

Other liabilities

282,005

229,115

Total liabilities

13,384,139

12,967,339

Commitments and Contingencies

Stockholders' Equity

Common stock, authorized, 225,000,000 shares without par; issued and
outstanding
137,509,649 at September 30, 2025, and 139,690,086 at December 31, 2024

1,257,194

1,296,881

Retained earnings

1,272,649

1,201,499

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

( 247,776

)

( 312,064

)

Total stockholders' equity

2,282,067

2,186,316

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

$

15,666,206

$

15,153,655

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Interest income:

Loans and leases, including fees

$

110,825

$

114,929

$

328,741

$

345,478

Investment securities:

Investment securities available-for-sale

18,867

20,178

55,900

62,489

Investment securities held-to-maturity

12,812

13,284

38,719

40,131

Total investment income

31,679

33,462

94,619

102,980

Dividends from FHLB stock

377

375

1,167

1,171

Interest-earning deposits with other institutions

7,231

16,986

12,796

32,884

Total interest income

150,112

165,752

437,323

482,513

Interest expense:

Deposits

26,096

29,821

76,247

77,166

Borrowings and customer repurchase agreements

8,109

22,312

22,310

68,418

Other

330

1,137

Total interest expense

34,535

52,133

99,694

145,584

Net interest income before provision for (recapture of) credit losses

115,577

113,619

337,629

336,929

Provision for (recapture of) credit losses

1,000

( 1,000

)

Net interest income after provision for (recapture of) credit losses

114,577

113,619

338,629

336,929

Noninterest income:

Service charges on deposit accounts

4,859

5,120

14,726

15,273

Trust and investment services

3,875

3,565

11,002

10,217

Bankcard services

684

355

1,961

1,110

BOLI income

3,267

3,499

9,326

10,034

Loss on sale of AFS investment securities

( 8,185

)

( 11,582

)

( 8,185

)

( 11,582

)

Gain on OREO, net

2,183

Gain on sale leaseback transactions

9,106

9,106

Other

8,506

2,771

12,965

7,213

Total noninterest income

13,006

12,834

43,978

41,371

Noninterest expense:

Salaries and employee benefits

35,876

36,647

107,352

108,474

Occupancy and equipment

5,823

6,204

17,927

17,541

Professional services

2,350

2,855

6,622

7,836

Computer software expense

4,350

3,906

12,981

11,380

Marketing and promotion

1,738

1,964

5,543

5,550

Amortization of intangible assets

1,003

1,286

3,312

4,161

Provision for (recapture of) unfunded loan commitments

500

( 750

)

1,000

( 1,250

)

Other

6,936

6,723

20,539

21,411

Total noninterest expense

58,576

58,835

175,276

175,103

Earnings before income taxes

69,007

67,618

207,331

203,197

Income taxes

16,421

16,394

53,077

53,339

Net earnings

$

52,586

$

51,224

$

154,254

$

149,858

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Unrealized gain (loss) on securities arising during the period, before tax

$

28,752

$

84,789

$

93,726

$

69,229

Less: Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive income

( 8,396

)

( 25,290

)

( 29,438

)

( 20,489

)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

20,356

59,499

64,288

48,740

Comprehensive income (loss)

$

72,942

$

110,723

$

218,542

$

198,598

Basic earnings per common share

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

1.12

$

1.07

Diluted earnings per common share

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

1.11

$

1.07

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5


CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STAT EMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 AND 2024

(Dollars and shares in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Common Shares Outstanding

Common Stock

Retained Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Total

Balance, July 1, 2025

137,825

$

1,260,843

$

1,247,611

$

( 268,132

)

$

2,240,322

Repurchase of common stock

( 297

)

( 6,086

)

( 6,086

)

Exercise of stock options

7

93

93

Shares issued and compensation expense, pursuant to stock-based compensation plan, net of stock surrendered and cancelled

( 25

)

2,344

2,344

Cash dividends declared on common stock
($
0.20 per share)

( 27,548

)

( 27,548

)

Net earnings

52,586

52,586

Other comprehensive income

20,356

20,356

Balance, September 30, 2025

137,510

$

1,257,194

$

1,272,649

$

( 247,776

)

$

2,282,067

Balance, July 1, 2024

139,677

$

1,291,383

$

1,155,372

$

( 334,328

)

$

2,112,427

Repurchase of common stock

Exercise of stock options

4

86

86

Shares issued and compensation expense, pursuant to stock-based compensation plan, net of stock surrendered and cancelled

( 3

)

2,572

2,572

Cash dividends declared on common stock
($
0.20 per share)

( 27,977

)

( 27,977

)

Net earnings

51,224

51,224

Other comprehensive income

59,499

59,499

Balance, September 30, 2024

139,678

$

1,294,041

$

1,178,619

$

( 274,829

)

$

2,197,831

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6


CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 AND 2024

(Dollars and shares in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Common Shares Outstanding

Common Stock

Retained Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Total

Balance, January 1, 2025

139,690

$

1,296,881

$

1,201,499

$

( 312,064

)

$

2,186,316

Repurchase of common stock

( 2,360

)

( 43,874

)

( 43,874

)

Exercise of stock options

22

352

352

Shares issued and compensation expense, pursuant to stock-based compensation plan, net of stock surrendered and cancelled

158

3,835

3,835

Cash dividends declared on common stock
($
0.60 per share)

( 83,104

)

( 83,104

)

Net earnings

154,254

154,254

Other comprehensive income

64,288

64,288

Balance, September 30, 2025

137,510

$

1,257,194

$

1,272,649

$

( 247,776

)

$

2,282,067

Balance, January 1, 2024

139,345

$

1,288,899

$

1,112,642

$

( 323,569

)

$

2,077,972

Repurchase of common stock

Exercise of stock options

7

129

129

Shares issued and compensation expense, pursuant to stock-based compensation plan, net of stock surrendered and cancelled

326

5,013

5,013

Cash dividends declared on common stock
($
0.60 per share)

( 83,881

)

( 83,881

)

Net earnings

149,858

149,858

Other comprehensive income

48,740

48,740

Balance, September 30, 2024

139,678

$

1,294,041

$

1,178,619

$

( 274,829

)

$

2,197,831

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

7


CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2025

2024

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Interest and dividends received

$

448,182

$

493,875

Service charges and other fees received

39,913

33,272

Interest paid

( 100,097

)

( 162,177

)

Net cash paid to vendors, employees and others

( 186,336

)

( 142,862

)

Income taxes

( 25,134

)

( 47,094

)

Net cash provided by operating activities

176,528

175,014

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net change in interest-earning balances from depository institutions

( 12,683

)

( 16,122

)

Proceeds from repayment of investment securities available-for-sale

214,198

256,100

Proceeds from maturity of investment securities available-for-sale

30,007

48,617

Proceeds from sales of AFS securities

65,464

245,284

Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale

( 243,946

)

( 33,435

)

Proceeds from repayment and maturity of investment securities held-to-maturity

78,856

61,663

Purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity

( 6,230

)

( 11,455

)

Net increase in equity investments

( 48,045

)

( 8,928

)

Net decrease in loan and lease finance receivables

69,018

334,109

Purchase of premises and equipment

( 2,365

)

( 3,160

)

Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions

16,175

Proceeds from BOLI death benefit

2,340

2,983

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned

21,348

Net cash provided by investing activities

167,962

891,830

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net increase in other deposits

167,686

349,312

Net increase in time deposits

8,172

289,535

Net decrease in other borrowings

( 1,570,000

)

Net increase in customer repurchase agreements

189,371

122,873

Cash dividends on common stock

( 83,490

)

( 83,894

)

Repurchase of common stock and restricted stock

( 47,359

)

( 2,624

)

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

352

129

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

234,732

( 894,669

)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

579,222

172,175

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

204,698

281,285

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

$

783,920

$

453,460

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

8


CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2025

2024

Reconciliation of Net Earnings to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Net earnings

$

154,254

$

149,858

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:

Gain on sale of other real estate owned

( 2,045

)

Increase in BOLI

( 9,326

)

( 10,034

)

Net amortization of premiums and discounts on investment securities

11,847

12,647

Loss on sale of AFS securities

8,185

11,582

Accretion of discount for acquired loans, net

( 1,823

)

( 2,654

)

(Recapture of) provision for credit losses

( 1,000

)

Provision for (recapture of) unfunded loan commitments

1,000

( 1,250

)

Valuation allowance on other real estate owned

28

Gain on sale leaseback transactions

( 9,106

)

Stock-based compensation

7,320

7,637

Depreciation and amortization, net

12,342

10,902

Change in other assets and liabilities

( 4,226

)

5,404

Total adjustments

22,274

25,156

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

176,528

$

175,014

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Investing Activities

Securities sold and not settled

$

$

55,960

Transfer of loans to other real estate owned

$

661

$

675

Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets

$

$

11,175

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

9


CVB FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONS OLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. BUSINESS

The condensed consolidated financial statements include CVB Financial Corp. (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “CVB” and on a consolidated basis as “we”, “our” or the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary: Citizens Business Bank (the “Bank” or “CBB”), after elimination of all intercompany transactions and balances. The Company has one inactive subsidiary, Chino Valley Bancorp.

The Company’s primary operations are related to traditional banking activities. This includes the acceptance of deposits and the lending and investing of money through the operations of the Bank. The Bank also provides trust and investment-related services to customers through its CitizensTrust Division. The Bank’s customers consist primarily of small to mid-sized businesses and individuals located throughout California. As of September 30, 2025, the Bank operated 62 banking centers and three trust office locations. The Company is headquartered in the city of Ontario, California.

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for Form 10-Q and conform to practices within the banking industry and include all of the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments), which are necessary for a fair presentation of financial results for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, accounting policies and financial notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC. A summary of the significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements follows.

Reclassification — Certain amounts in the prior periods’ unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related footnote disclosures have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation with no impact on previously reported net income or stockholders’ equity.

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Except as discussed below, our accounting policies are described in Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , of our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 as filed with the SEC (“Form 10-K”).

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. A material estimate that is particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relates to the determination of the allowance for credit losses. Other significant estimates, which may be subject to change, include fair value determinations and disclosures, impairment of investments, goodwill, loans, as well as valuation of deferred tax assets.

Business Segments — We regularly assess our strategic plans, operations, reporting structures and financial information provided to the Chief Executive Officer, our chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), to identify our reportable segments. At September 30, 2025 and since September 30, 2018, we have operated as one reportable segment. Changes to our reportable segments are expected to be infrequent.

The factors considered in making this determination included the nature of products and services offered, geographic regions in which we operate, the applicable regulatory environment, and the materiality of discrete financial information reviewed by our CODM. Through our network of banking centers, we provide relationship-based banking products, services

10


and solutions for small to mid-sized companies, real estate investors, non-profit organizations, professionals and other individuals. Our products include loans for commercial businesses, commercial real estate, multi-family, construction, land, dairy & livestock and agribusiness, consumer and government-guaranteed small business loans. We also provide business deposit products and treasury cash management services, as well as deposit products to the owners and employees of the businesses we serve. Our operations are throughout the state of California.

The Company has determined that all of its banking divisions meet the aggregation criteria of ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting , as its current operating model is structured whereby banking divisions serve a similar base of primarily commercial clients utilizing a company-wide offering of similar products and services managed through similar processes and platforms, and therefore operates one line of business that is collectively reviewed by the CODM. The CODM regularly assesses performance of the aggregated single reporting segment and decides how to allocate resources based on net income calculated on the same basis as net income reported in the Company's consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income. The CODM is also regularly provided with expense information at a level consistent with that disclosed in the Company's consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income. No additional qualitative segment disclosures are required based on this assessment.

4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities are summarized below. The majority of securities held are available-for-sale ("AFS") securities with fair value based on quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets in markets that are not active. Estimated fair values were obtained from an independent pricing service based upon market quotes.

September 30, 2025

Amortized Cost

Gross Unrealized Holding Gain

Gross Unrealized Holding Loss

Fair Value

Total Percent

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Government agency/GSE

$

34,738

$

14

$

$

34,752

1.35

%

Mortgage-backed securities

2,186,896

1,810

( 225,199

)

1,963,507

76.13

%

CMO/REMIC

668,135

1,170

( 111,026

)

558,279

21.64

%

Municipal bonds

21,778

34

( 609

)

21,203

0.82

%

Other securities

1,656

1,656

0.06

%

Unallocated portfolio layer fair value basis
adjustments
(1)

( 10,838

)

10,838

0.00

%

Total available-for-sale securities

$

2,902,365

$

13,866

$

( 336,834

)

$

2,579,397

100.00

%

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

502,460

$

$

( 86,096

)

$

416,364

21.87

%

Mortgage-backed securities

570,690

2

( 87,814

)

482,878

24.84

%

CMO/REMIC

760,193

( 157,362

)

602,831

33.07

%

Municipal bonds

446,881

861

( 31,602

)

416,140

19.45

%

Other securities (2)

17,685

17,685

0.77

%

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

2,297,909

$

863

$

( 362,874

)

$

1,935,898

100.00

%

(1)
Represents the amount of portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to AFS MBS securities hedged in a closed portfolio. Under U.S. GAAP, portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual securities, however the amounts impact the unrealized gains or losses for the individual securities being hedged. Refer to Note 3 and Note 9 for additional information.

(2)
Represents Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy ("C-PACE") bonds.

11


December 31, 2024

Amortized Cost

Gross Unrealized Holding Gain

Gross Unrealized Holding Loss

Fair Value

Total Percent

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Government agency/GSE

$

34,149

$

106

$

$

34,255

1.35

%

Mortgage-backed securities

2,460,573

337

( 326,376

)

2,134,534

83.97

%

CMO/REMIC

471,921

( 120,399

)

351,522

13.82

%

Municipal bonds

21,755

28

( 1,406

)

20,377

0.80

%

Other securities

1,427

1,427

0.06

%

Unallocated portfolio layer fair value basis
adjustments
(1)

7,222

( 7,222

)

0.00

%

Total available-for-sale securities

$

2,997,047

$

471

$

( 455,403

)

$

2,542,115

100.00

%

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

514,572

$

$

( 106,315

)

$

408,257

21.62

%

Mortgage-backed securities

614,383

( 110,020

)

504,363

25.82

%

CMO/REMIC

784,059

( 170,121

)

613,938

32.95

%

Municipal bonds

455,199

1,158

( 40,025

)

416,332

19.13

%

Other securities (2)

11,455

11,455

0.48

%

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

2,379,668

$

1,158

$

( 426,481

)

$

1,954,345

100.00

%

(1)
Represents the amount of portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to AFS MBS securities hedged in a closed portfolio. Under U.S. GAAP, portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual securities, however the amounts impact the unrealized gains or losses for the individual securities being hedged. Refer to Note 3 and Note 9 for additional information.
(2)
Represents Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy ("C-PACE") bonds.

The following table provides information about the amount of interest income earned on investment securities which is fully taxable, and interest income on investment securities which is exempt from regular federal income tax.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Taxable

$

18,722

$

20,010

$

55,466

$

62,347

Tax-advantaged

145

168

434

502

Total interest income from available-for-sale securities

18,867

20,178

55,900

62,849

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Taxable

10,494

10,896

31,690

32,930

Tax-advantaged

2,318

2,388

7,029

7,201

Total interest income from held-to-maturity securities

12,812

13,284

38,719

40,131

Total interest income from investment securities

$

31,679

$

33,462

$

94,619

$

102,980

Approximately 90 % o f the total investment securities portfolio at September 30, 2025 represents securities issued by the U.S. government or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, with the implied guarantee of payment of principal and interest. The remaining securities are predominately AA or better general-obligation municipal bonds. The allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity investment securities under the CECL model was zero at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

12


The following table presents the Company’s available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities, by investment category, in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

September 30, 2025

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Mortgage-backed securities

$

192,418

$

( 957

)

$

1,621,368

$

( 224,242

)

$

1,813,786

$

( 225,199

)

CMO/REMIC

30,549

346,830

( 111,026

)

377,379

( 111,026

)

Municipal bonds

18,318

( 609

)

18,318

( 609

)

Total available-for-sale securities

$

222,967

$

( 957

)

$

1,986,516

$

( 335,877

)

$

2,209,483

$

( 336,834

)

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

$

$

416,364

$

( 86,096

)

$

416,364

$

( 86,096

)

Mortgage-backed securities

1,826

463,805

( 87,814

)

465,631

( 87,814

)

CMO/REMIC

602,831

( 157,362

)

602,831

( 157,362

)

Municipal bonds

61,397

( 1,224

)

294,987

( 30,378

)

356,384

( 31,602

)

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

63,223

$

( 1,224

)

$

1,777,987

$

( 361,649

)

$

1,841,210

$

( 362,874

)

December 31, 2024

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Mortgage-backed securities

$

204,428

$

( 700

)

$

1,757,066

$

( 325,677

)

$

1,961,494

$

( 326,377

)

CMO/REMIC

1

351,521

( 120,399

)

351,522

( 120,399

)

Municipal bonds

3,215

( 155

)

16,262

( 1,250

)

19,477

( 1,405

)

Total available-for-sale securities

$

207,644

$

( 855

)

$

2,124,849

$

( 447,326

)

$

2,332,493

$

( 448,181

)

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

$

$

408,257

$

( 106,315

)

$

408,257

$

( 106,315

)

Mortgage-backed securities

2,072

( 42

)

502,292

( 109,978

)

504,364

( 110,020

)

CMO/REMIC

613,937

( 170,121

)

613,937

( 170,121

)

Municipal bonds

63,668

( 1,067

)

286,868

( 38,958

)

350,536

( 40,025

)

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

65,740

$

( 1,109

)

$

1,811,354

$

( 425,372

)

$

1,877,094

$

( 426,481

)

At September 30, 2025, investment securities with carrying value s of $ 2.70 billion were pledged to secure various types of deposits. In addition, investment securities with carrying values of $ 1.86 billion were pledged to secure $ 569 million for repurchase agreements, $ 1.24 billion for unused borrowing capacity and approximately $ 57 million for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

At December 31, 2024 , investment securities with carrying values of $ 2.79 billion were pledged to secure various types of deposits. In addition, investment securities with carrying values of $ 1.63 billion were pledged to secure $ 372.5 million for repurchase agreements, $ 1.8 billion for outstanding borrowings, $ 796 million for unused borrowing capacity and approximately $ 51 million for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at September 30, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Although mortgage-backed and CMO/REMIC securities have weighted average remaining contractual maturities of approximatel y 25 years , expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have

13


the right to prepay such obligations without penalty. Mortgage-backed and CMO/REMIC securities are included in maturity categories based upon estimated average lives which incorporate estimated prepayment speeds.

September 30, 2025

Available-for-sale

Held-to-maturity

Amortized Cost

Fair Value

Amortized Cost

Fair Value

(Dollars in thousands)

Due in one year or less

$

39,649

$

38,038

$

17,459

$

17,186

Due after one year through five years

172,936

169,039

47,510

46,956

Due after five years through ten years

1,672,996

1,466,221

317,445

286,256

Due after ten years

1,016,784

906,099

1,915,495

1,585,500

Total investment securities

$

2,902,365

$

2,579,397

$

2,297,909

$

1,935,898

The Bank is a member of the FHLB and members are required to own a certain amount of FHLB stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors. The investment in FHLB stock is periodically evaluated for impairment based on, among other things, the capital adequacy of the FHLB and its overall financial condition. No impairment losses have been recorded through September 30, 2025 .

5. LOANS AND LEASE FINANCE RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The following table provides a summary of total loans and lease finance receivables by type.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

6,535,319

$

6,507,452

Construction

29,976

16,082

Small Business Administration ("SBA")

266,228

273,013

SBA - Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP")

51

774

Commercial and industrial

939,174

925,178

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

292,963

419,904

Municipal lease finance receivables

61,383

66,114

SFR mortgage

286,111

269,172

Consumer and other loans

59,701

58,743

Total loans, at amortized cost

8,470,906

8,536,432

Less: Allowance for credit losses

( 79,336

)

( 80,122

)

Total loans and lease finance receivables, net

$

8,391,570

$

8,456,310

As of September 30, 2025, 80.59 % o f the Company’s total loan portfolio consisted of real estate loans, with commercial real estate loans representi ng 77.2 % of total loans. The Company’s real estate loans and construction loans are secured by real properties primarily located in California. As of September 30, 2025, $ 411.4 million, or 6.30 % of the to tal commercial real estate loans included loans secured by farmland, compared to $ 449.8 million, or 6.91 %, at December 31, 2024. The loans secured by farmland included $ 102.0 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $ 309.4 m illion for loans secured by agricultural land at September 30, 2025 , compared to $ 109.1 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $ 340.7 million for loans secured by agricultural land at December 31, 2024. As of September 30, 2025, dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans of $ 293.0 million were comprised of $ 246.7 million of dairy & livestock loans and $ 46.2 million of agribusiness loans, compared to $ 419.9 million comprised of $ 385.3 million of dairy & livestock loans and $ 34.6 million of agribusiness loans December 31, 2024.

Loans with carrying value o f $ 6.43 bill ion were pledged to secure the borrowings and available lines of credit from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $ 4.48 b illion and $ 4.44 billion at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

There were no outstanding loans held-for-sale as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 .

14


Credit Quality Indicators

We monitor credit quality by evaluating various risk attributes and utilize such information in our evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses. Internal credit risk ratings, within our loan risk rating system, are the credit quality indicators that we most closely monitor.

An important element of our approach to credit risk management is our loan risk rating system. The originating officer assigns each loan an initial risk rating, which is reviewed and confirmed or changed, as appropriate, by credit management. Approvals are made based upon the amount of inherent credit risk specific to the transaction and are reviewed for appropriateness by senior line and credit management personnel. Credits are monitored by line and credit management personnel for deterioration or improvement in a borrower’s financial condition, which would impact the ability of the borrower to perform under the contract. Risk ratings are adjusted as necessary.

Loans are risk rated into the following categories: Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. Each of these groups is assessed for the proper amount to be used in determining the adequacy of our allowance for losses. These categories can be described as follows:

Pass — These loans, including loans on the Bank’s internal watch list, range from minimal credit risk to lower than average, but still acceptable, credit risk. Watch list loans usually require more than normal management attention. Loans on the watch list may involve borrowers with adverse financial trends, higher debt/equity ratios, or weaker liquidity positions, but not to the degree of being considered a defined weakness or problem loan where risk of loss may be apparent.

Special Mention — Loans assigned to this category have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Substandard — Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful — Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or the liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss — Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset with insignificant value even though partial recovery may be affected in the future.

15


The following tables summarize loans by type and origination year, according to our internal risk ratings as of the dates presented.

Origination Year

Revolving loans amortized

Revolving loans converted to

September 30, 2025

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

Prior

cost basis

term loans

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate
loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

387,369

$

310,736

$

386,557

$

1,157,775

$

1,005,028

$

2,748,421

$

227,915

$

35,047

$

6,258,848

Special Mention

3,677

9,559

8,403

43,116

22,410

119,906

8,273

9,010

224,354

Substandard

5,013

3,344

7,312

4,634

31,814

52,117

Doubtful & Loss

Total Commercial real
estate loans:

$

396,059

$

320,295

$

398,304

$

1,208,203

$

1,032,072

$

2,900,141

$

236,188

$

44,057

$

6,535,319

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Construction loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

10,144

$

9,267

$

326

$

10,239

$

$

$

$

$

29,976

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful & Loss

Total Construction
loans:

$

10,144

$

9,267

$

326

$

10,239

$

$

$

$

$

29,976

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

SBA loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

20,110

$

26,097

$

15,304

$

45,260

$

45,486

$

104,138

$

$

$

256,395

Special Mention

1,534

1,534

Substandard

3,365

1,549

19

3,366

8,299

Doubtful & Loss

Total SBA loans:

$

20,110

$

29,462

$

15,304

$

46,809

$

45,505

$

109,038

$

$

$

266,228

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

118

$

$

$

118

SBA - PPP loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

$

$

$

$

51

$

$

$

$

51

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful & Loss

Total SBA - PPP loans:

$

$

$

$

$

51

$

$

$

$

51

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial and
industrial loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

121,966

$

77,000

$

92,751

$

88,179

$

53,900

$

154,283

$

313,863

$

10,537

$

912,479

Special Mention

91

136

1,738

1,485

1,069

3,033

7,216

2,319

17,087

Substandard

1,471

340

174

2,900

997

3,726

9,608

Doubtful & Loss

Total Commercial and
industrial loans:

$

122,057

$

77,136

$

95,960

$

90,004

$

55,143

$

160,216

$

322,076

$

16,582

$

939,174

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

392

$

$

$

$

$

21

$

413

16


Origination Year

Revolving loans amortized

Revolving loans converted to

September 30, 2025

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

Prior

cost basis

term loans

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Dairy & livestock and
agribusiness loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

$

616

$

$

$

553

$

849

$

271,203

$

74

$

273,295

Special Mention

395

10,507

1,217

12,119

Substandard

800

6,749

7,549

Doubtful & Loss

Total Dairy & livestock
and agribusiness
loans:

$

395

$

616

$

800

$

$

553

$

849

$

288,459

$

1,291

$

292,963

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Municipal lease finance
receivables loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

574

$

2,710

$

$

4,722

$

23,890

$

29,433

$

$

$

61,329

Special Mention

54

54

Substandard

Doubtful & Loss

Total Municipal lease
finance receivables
loans:

$

574

$

2,710

$

$

4,722

$

23,890

$

29,487

$

$

$

61,383

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

SFR mortgage loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

32,571

$

18,093

$

17,194

$

58,254

$

39,924

$

119,123

$

$

$

285,159

Special Mention

380

262

642

Substandard

310

310

Doubtful & Loss

Total SFR mortgage
loans:

$

32,571

$

18,093

$

17,194

$

58,254

$

39,924

$

119,813

$

$

262

$

286,111

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Consumer and other
loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

2,052

$

4,594

$

2,096

$

573

$

784

$

459

$

46,569

$

2,224

$

59,351

Special Mention

47

6

53

Substandard

297

297

Doubtful & Loss

Total Consumer and
other loans:

$

2,052

$

4,594

$

2,096

$

573

$

831

$

459

$

46,575

$

2,521

$

59,701

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

5

$

$

5

Total Loans, at amortized cost:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

574,786

$

449,113

$

514,228

$

1,365,002

$

1,169,616

$

3,156,706

$

859,550

$

47,882

$

8,136,883

Special Mention

4,163

9,695

10,141

44,601

23,526

124,907

26,002

12,808

255,843

Substandard

5,013

3,365

5,615

9,201

4,827

38,390

7,746

4,023

78,180

Doubtful & Loss

Total Loans at amortized cost:

$

583,962

$

462,173

$

529,984

$

1,418,804

$

1,197,969

$

3,320,003

$

893,298

$

64,713

$

8,470,906

Current YTD Period:
Total gross charge-offs

$

$

$

392

$

$

$

118

$

5

$

21

$

536

17


Origination Year

Revolving loans amortized

Revolving loans converted to

December 31, 2024

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

Prior

cost basis

term loans

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate
loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

307,984

$

419,547

$

1,216,126

$

1,066,694

$

828,493

$

2,170,119

$

197,991

$

37,704

$

6,244,658

Special Mention

1,075

4,910

36,505

21,478

17,056

104,201

3,937

1,287

190,449

Substandard

1,176

244

6,775

9,057

15,138

34,259

5,696

72,345

Doubtful & Loss

Total Commercial real
estate loans:

$

310,235

$

424,701

$

1,259,406

$

1,097,229

$

860,687

$

2,308,579

$

207,624

$

38,991

$

6,507,452

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

2,258

$

$

$

2,258

Construction loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

7,717

$

315

$

8,050

$

$

$

$

$

$

16,082

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful & Loss

Total Construction
loans:

$

7,717

$

315

$

8,050

$

$

$

$

$

$

16,082

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

SBA loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

33,531

$

16,064

$

46,393

$

47,810

$

23,733

$

92,012

$

$

$

259,543

Special Mention

1,337

4,716

1,830

7,883

Substandard

1,581

4,006

5,587

Doubtful & Loss

Total SBA loans:

$

33,531

$

16,064

$

47,974

$

49,147

$

28,449

$

97,848

$

$

$

273,013

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

165

$

$

$

165

SBA - PPP loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

$

$

$

254

$

520

$

$

$

$

774

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful & Loss

Total SBA - PPP loans:

$

$

$

$

254

$

520

$

$

$

$

774

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Commercial and
industrial loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

100,465

$

100,242

$

111,982

$

67,706

$

69,084

$

118,069

$

318,147

$

6,213

$

891,908

Special Mention

819

2,213

1,026

2,169

421

4,175

8,136

4,830

23,789

Substandard

3,029

523

11

1,997

3,921

9,481

Doubtful & Loss

Total Commercial and
industrial loans:

$

101,284

$

105,484

$

113,531

$

69,886

$

69,505

$

122,244

$

328,280

$

14,964

$

925,178

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

300

$

$

$

1,186

$

$

495

$

1,981

18


Origination Year

Revolving loans amortized

Revolving loans converted to

December 31, 2024

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

Prior

cost basis

term loans

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Dairy & livestock and
agribusiness loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

812

$

$

$

596

$

786

$

141

$

327,850

$

13

$

330,198

Special Mention

2,901

84,295

1,650

88,846

Substandard

60

800

860

Doubtful & Loss

Total Dairy & livestock
and agribusiness
loans:

$

3,713

$

$

$

596

$

786

$

201

$

412,145

$

2,463

$

419,904

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Municipal lease finance
receivables loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

2,540

$

$

5,111

$

24,715

$

5,140

$

28,510

$

$

$

66,016

Special Mention

98

98

Substandard

Doubtful & Loss

Total Municipal lease
finance receivables
loans:

$

2,540

$

$

5,111

$

24,715

$

5,140

$

28,608

$

$

$

66,114

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

SFR mortgage loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

20,261

$

21,055

$

59,763

$

41,156

$

38,730

$

85,637

$

$

$

266,602

Special Mention

896

411

284

1,591

Substandard

979

979

Doubtful & Loss

Total SFR mortgage
loans:

$

20,261

$

21,055

$

59,763

$

41,156

$

39,626

$

87,027

$

$

284

$

269,172

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Consumer and other
loans:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

7,242

$

3,043

$

1,521

$

1,850

$

142

$

624

$

42,035

$

1,855

$

58,312

Special Mention

130

4

134

Substandard

297

297

Doubtful & Loss

Total Consumer and
other loans:

$

7,242

$

3,043

$

1,521

$

1,980

$

142

$

624

$

42,039

$

2,152

$

58,743

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1

$

3

$

4

Total Loans, at amortized cost:

Risk Rating:

Pass

$

480,552

$

560,266

$

1,448,946

$

1,250,781

$

966,628

$

2,495,112

$

886,023

$

45,785

$

8,134,093

Special Mention

4,795

7,123

37,531

25,114

23,089

110,715

96,372

8,051

312,790

Substandard

1,176

3,273

8,879

9,068

15,138

39,304

7,693

5,018

89,549

Doubtful & Loss

Total Loans at amortized cost:

$

486,523

$

570,662

$

1,495,356

$

1,284,963

$

1,004,855

$

2,645,131

$

990,088

$

58,854

$

8,536,432

Current YTD Period:
Gross charge-offs

$

$

$

300

$

$

$

3,609

$

1

$

498

$

4,408

19


Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL")

The Company's allowance models calculate reserves over the average life of the loan, which includes the remaining time to maturity, adjusted for estimated prepayments applied as an adjustment to our commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. Our allowance for credit losses is based upon lifetime loss rate models developed from an estimation framework that uses historical lifetime loss experiences to derive loss rates at a collective pool level. We measure the expected credit losses on a collective (pooled) basis for those loans that share similar risk characteristics. We have three collective loan pools: Commercial Real Estate, Commercial and Industrial, and Consumer. A substantial portion of the ACL relates to loans within the Commercial Real Estate and Commercial and Industrial methodologies, each evaluated on a collective basis. Our ACL amounts are largely driven by portfolio characteristics, including loss history, internal risk grading, various risk attributes, and the economic outlook for certain macroeconomic variables. Risk attributes for commercial real estate loans include Original Loan to Value ratios ("OLTV"), origination year, loan seasoning, and macroeconomic variables that include Real GDP growth, commercial real estate price index and unemployment rate. Risk attributes for commercial and industrial loans include internal risk ratings, borrower industry sector, loan credit spreads and macroeconomic variables that include unemployment rate and BBB spread. The macroeconomic variables for Consumer include unemployment rate and GDP. The Commercial Real Estate methodology is applied over commercial real estate loans, a portion of construction loans, and a portion of SBA loans. The Commercial and Industrial methodology is applied over a substantial portion of the Company’s commercial and industrial loans, all dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans, municipal lease receivables, as well as the remaining portion of SBA loans (excluding Paycheck Protection Program loans). The Consumer methodology is applied to SFR mortgage loans, consumer loans, as well as the remaining construction loans. In addition to determining the quantitative life of loan loss rate to be applied against the amortized cost basis of the portfolio segments, management reviews current conditions and forecasts to determine whether adjustments are needed to ensure that the life of loan loss rates reflect both the current state of the portfolio, and expectations for macroeconomic changes. The Company’s ACL estimate incorporates a reasonable and supportable forecast of various macroeconomic variables over the remaining average life of our loans. This forecast incorporates an assumption that each macroeconomic variable will revert to a long-term expectation, starting in years two through three, of the reasonable and supportable forecast period, with the reversion largely completed within the first five years of the forecast. The economic forecast is based on probability weighted scenarios to address macroeconomic uncertainty. Our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance is reviewed on a regular basis and considers overall risks in the Bank’s loan portfolio. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of significant Accounting Policies included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a more detailed discussion concerning the allowance for credit losses.

The ACL totaled $ 79.3 million at September 30, 2025 , compared to $ 80.1 million at December 31, 2024. The $ 0.8 million decrease in the ACL from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025 was comprised of $ 1.0 million in recapture of provision for credit losses, offset partially by $ 0.2 million in net charge-offs. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the ACL as a percentage of total loans and leases, at amortized cost, w as 0.94 % . Our economic forecast continues to be a blend of multiple forecasts produced by Moody’s. These U.S. economic forecasts include a baseline forecast as well as multiple forecasts weighted for both upside and downside risks to the baseline forecast. The baseline forecast continues to represent the largest weighting in our multi-weighted forecast scenario, with downside risks weighted among multiple forecasts. As of September 30, 2025, the resulting weighted forecast reflects lower GDP in 2027 and 2028. GDP growth is forecasted to b e below 1.5 % until the end of 2027 and will not reach 2 % until 2028. The unemployment rate is forecasted to increase, with unemployment averaging 5 % by the beginning of 2026 and staying above 5 % through 2028.

Management believes that the ACL was appropriate at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Due to inflationary pressures, changing interest rates, lower commercial real estate values, international tariffs, and geopolitical events, no assurance can be given that economic conditions that adversely affect the Company’s service areas or other circumstances will not be reflected in increased provisions for credit losses in the future.

20


The following tables present the balance and activity related to the allowance for credit losses for held-for-investment loans by type for the periods presented.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Ending Balance June 30, 2025

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses

Ending Balance September 30, 2025

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

64,542

$

$

$

852

$

65,394

Construction

240

159

123

522

SBA

3,066

( 67

)

6

( 425

)

2,580

Commercial and industrial

6,357

235

64

6,656

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

2,554

237

2,791

Municipal lease finance
receivables

220

4

224

SFR mortgage

477

16

493

Consumer and other loans

547

129

676

Total allowance for credit losses

$

78,003

$

( 67

)

$

400

$

1,000

$

79,336

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Ending Balance June 30, 2024

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses

Ending Balance September 30, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

69,405

$

$

$

336

$

69,741

Construction

788

56

( 391

)

453

SBA

2,496

( 26

)

13

25

2,508

Commercial and industrial

5,103

113

55

5,271

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

3,775

51

3,826

Municipal lease finance
receivables

186

186

SFR mortgage

498

( 59

)

439

Consumer and other loans

535

( 17

)

518

Total allowance for credit losses

$

82,786

$

( 26

)

$

182

$

$

82,942

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Ending Balance December 31, 2024

Charge-offs

Recoveries

(Recapture of) Provision for Credit Losses

Ending Balance September 30, 2025

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

66,237

$

$

$

( 843

)

$

65,394

Construction

312

171

39

522

SBA

2,629

( 118

)

47

22

2,580

Commercial and industrial

6,093

( 413

)

532

444

6,656

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

3,610

( 819

)

2,791

Municipal lease finance
receivables

205

19

224

SFR mortgage

424

69

493

Consumer and other loans

612

( 5

)

69

676

Total allowance for credit losses

$

80,122

$

( 536

)

$

750

$

( 1,000

)

$

79,336

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Ending Balance December 31, 2023

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses

Ending Balance September 30, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

69,466

$

( 2,258

)

$

$

2,533

$

69,741

Construction

1,277

61

( 885

)

453

SBA

2,679

( 165

)

94

( 100

)

2,508

Commercial and industrial

9,116

( 1,917

)

289

( 2,217

)

5,271

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

3,098

728

3,826

Municipal lease finance
receivables

210

( 24

)

186

SFR mortgage

535

( 96

)

439

Consumer and other loans

461

( 4

)

61

518

Total allowance for credit losses

$

86,842

$

( 4,344

)

$

444

$

$

82,942

21


Past Due and Nonperforming Loans

We seek to manage asset quality and control credit risk through diversification of the loan portfolio and the application of policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. The Bank’s Credit Management Division is responsible for monitoring asset quality, establishing credit policies and procedures and enforcing the consistent application of these policies and procedures across the Bank. Reviews of nonperforming, past due loans and larger credits, designed to identify potential charges to the allowance for credit losses, are conducted on a regular and ongoing basis. These reviews consider such factors as the financial strength of borrowers and any guarantors, the value of the applicable collateral, loan loss experience, estimated credit losses, growth in the loan portfolio, prevailing economic conditions and other factors. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, for additional discussion concerning the Bank’s policy for past due and nonperforming loans.

The following table presents the recorded investment in, and the aging of, past due loans (including nonaccrual loans), by type of loans as of the dates presented.

September 30, 2025

30-59 Days Past Due

60-89 Days Past Due

Greater than 89 Days
Past Due

Total Past Due

Current

Total Loans and Financing Receivables

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

Owner occupied

$

$

43

$

$

43

$

2,284,201

$

2,284,244

Non-owner occupied

23,707

23,707

4,227,368

4,251,075

Construction

Speculative (1)

10,517

10,517

Non-speculative

19,459

19,459

SBA

42

3,390

3,432

262,796

266,228

SBA - PPP

51

51

Commercial and industrial

2

2

939,172

939,174

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

292,963

292,963

Municipal lease finance receivables

61,383

61,383

SFR mortgage

286,111

286,111

Consumer and other loans

59,701

59,701

Total loans at amortized cost

$

42

$

43

$

27,099

$

27,184

$

8,443,722

$

8,470,906

(1)
Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter.

December 31, 2024

30-59 Days Past Due

60-89 Days Past Due

Greater than 89 Days
Past Due

Total Past Due

Current

Total Loans and Financing Receivables

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

Owner occupied

$

$

$

196

$

196

$

2,329,380

$

2,329,576

Non-owner occupied

24,430

24,430

4,153,446

4,177,876

Construction

Speculative (1)

8,091

8,091

Non-speculative

7,991

7,991

SBA

190

1,427

1,617

271,396

273,013

SBA - PPP

774

774

Commercial and industrial

399

140

539

924,639

925,178

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

60

60

419,844

419,904

Municipal lease finance receivables

66,114

66,114

SFR mortgage

269,172

269,172

Consumer and other loans

58,743

58,743

Total loans at amortized cost

$

399

$

190

$

26,253

$

26,842

$

8,509,590

$

8,536,432

(1)
Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter.

22


Amortized cost of our finance receivables and loans that are on nonaccrual status, including loans with no allowance are presented as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 by type of loan.

September 30, 2025

Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Losses

Total Nonaccrual
(1) (2)

Loans Past Due Over 89 Days Still Accruing

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

Owner occupied

$

$

$

Non-owner occupied

23,707

23,707

SBA

3,927

3,952

Commercial and industrial

145

145

Total loans at amortized cost

$

27,779

$

27,804

$

(1)
As of September 30, 2025 , $ 705,000 of nonaccruing loans were curren t, $ 27.1 milli on were 90+ days past due.
(2)
Exclude s $ 272,000 of g uaranteed portion of nonaccrual SBA loans that are in process of collection.

December 31, 2024

Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Losses

Total Nonaccrual
(1)

Loans Past Due Over 89 Days Still Accruing

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

Owner occupied

$

1,436

$

1,436

$

Non-owner occupied

24,430

24,430

SBA

1,146

1,529

Commercial and industrial

201

340

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

60

60

Total loans at amortized cost

$

27,273

$

27,795

$

(1)
As of December 31, 2024 , $ 1.4 million of nonaccruing loans were current, $ 102,000 were 60-89 days past due, and $ 26.3 million were 90+ days past due.

Collateral Dependent Loans

A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table presents the recorded investment in collateral-dependent loans by type of loans as of the date presented.

September 30, 2025

Number of Loans

Real Estate

Business Assets

Other

Dependent on
Collateral

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

4,143

$

$

1

SBA

3,952

4

Commercial and industrial

144

2

Total collateral-dependent loans

$

8,095

$

144

$

7

23


December 31, 2024

Number of Loans

Real Estate

Business Assets

Other

Dependent on
Collateral

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

25,866

$

$

6

SBA

1,529

5

Commercial and industrial

11

327

3

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

60

1

Total collateral-dependent loans

$

27,466

$

327

$

15

Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments

The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure relates to commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and undisbursed funds on lines of credit. The Company evaluates credit risk associated with the off-balance sheet loan commitments in the same manner as it evaluates credit risk associated with the loan and lease portfolio. The Bank's ACL methodology produced an allowance of $ 7.3 million for the off-balance sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2025. There was a $ 1.0 million provision for unfunded loan commitments for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 , compared to a $ 1.3 million recapture of provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the balance in this reserve w as $ 7.3 million and $ 6.3 million, respectively, and was included in other liabilities.

Modifications of Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

There were 16 loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 with an amortized cost totaling $ 10.8 million as of September 30, 2025, including s even commercial real estate loans totaling $8 .4 million, eight commercial and industrial loans totaling $ 1.9 million and a dairy & livestock and agribusiness loan of $ 395,000 .

The tables below reflect the amortized cost of loans by type made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Amortized Cost Basis

% of Total Class of Financing Receivables

Financial Effect

September 30, 2025

Term Extension

Commercial real estate loans

$

7,754

0.09

%

Added a weighted-average 1.8 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Commercial and industrial

1,149

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 1.4 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

395

0.00

%

Added a weighted-average 1.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Total

$

9,298

Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction

Commercial real estate loans

675

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 7.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers; reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 10.00% to 7.25%.

Commercial and industrial

783

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 1.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers; reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 8.50% to 7.75%.

Total

1,458

Total Modified

$

10,756

24


Amortized Cost Basis

% of Total Class of Financing Receivables

Financial Effect

December 31, 2024

Term Extension

Commercial real estate loans

$

2,180

0.03

%

Added a weighted-average 1.7 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Commercial and industrial

2,804

0.03

%

Added a weighted-average 1.2 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

800

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 0.9 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Total

$

5,784

Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction

Commercial real estate loans

$

683

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 7.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers; reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 10.00% to 7.25%.

Total

683

Total Modified

$

6,467

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 , a commercial real estate loan defaulted within 12 months after the loan was modified with a term extension. The amortized cost of the loan was $ 244,300 . Payment default is defined as movement to nonaccrual (nonperforming) status, foreclosure or charge-off, whichever occurs first.

The following table presents the recorded investment in, and the aging of, past due loans at amortized cost (including nonaccrual loans), by type of loans, made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of September 30, 2025.

Payment Status (amortized cost basis)

Current

30-89 Days
Past Due

90+ Days
Past Due

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate loans

$

8,386

$

43

$

Commercial and industrial

1,932

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

395

Total

$

10,713

$

43

$

25


6 . BORROWINGS

Customer Repurchase Agreements

The Bank offers a repurchase agreement product to its customers. This product, known as Citizens Sweep Manager, sells our investment securities overnight to our customers under an agreement to repurchase them the next day at a price which reflects the market value of the use of funds by the Bank for the period concerned. These repurchase agreements are signed with customers who want to invest their excess deposits, above a pre-determined balance in a demand deposit account, in order to earn interest. As of September 30, 2025, total funds borrowed under these agreements were $ 451.3 million, with an average rate of 2.00 % during the third quarter of 2025, compared to $ 261.9 million at December 31, 2024 , with an average rate of 1.33 % during 2024 .

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances and Other Borrowings

As of September 30, 2025, borrowings totaled $ 500 million, which consisted of FHLB advances at an average rate of 4.55 % . The FHLB advances included $ 300 million, at a fixed rate of 4.73 %, maturing in May 2026, and $ 200 million, at a fixed rate of 4.27 %, maturing in May 2027.

As of September 30, 2025, $ 6.43 billion of loans and $ 4.56 billion of investment securities, at carrying value, were pledged to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements, borrowing lines, and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

7. EARNINGS PER SHARE RECONCILIATION

Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing income allocated to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period. The computation of diluted earnings per common share considers the number of shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of outstanding common stock options. Antidilutive common shares are not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, shares deemed to be antidilutive, and thus excluded from the computation of earnings per common share, wer e 505,000 and 701,000 , respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, shares deemed to be antidilutive, and thus excluded from the computation of earnings per common share, we re 778,000 and 1,210,000 , respectively.

The table below shows earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share and reconciles the numerator and denominator of both earnings per common share calculations.

Three Months Ended
September 30,

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Earnings per common share:

Net earnings

$

52,586

$

51,224

$

154,254

$

149,858

Less: Net earnings allocated to restricted stock

344

377

1,020

1,075

Net earnings allocated to common shareholders

$

52,242

$

50,847

$

153,234

$

148,783

Weighted average shares outstanding

136,831

138,650

137,266

138,415

Basic earnings per common share

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

1.12

$

1.07

Diluted earnings per common share:

Net income allocated to common shareholders

$

52,242

$

50,847

$

153,234

$

148,783

Weighted average shares outstanding

136,831

138,650

137,266

138,415

Incremental shares from assumed exercise of
outstanding options

322

189

277

134

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding

137,153

138,839

137,543

138,549

Diluted earnings per common share

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

1.11

$

1.07

26


8. FAIR VALUE INFORMATION

Fair Value Hierarchy

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

The valuation methodologies for financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis are described in Note 17 — Fair Value Information, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates presented.

Carrying Value at September 30, 2025

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

(Dollars in thousands)

Description of assets

Investment securities - AFS:

Government agency/GSE

$

34,752

$

$

34,752

$

Mortgage-backed securities

1,963,507

1,963,507

CMO/REMIC

558,279

558,279

Municipal bonds

21,203

21,203

Other securities

1,656

1,656

Total investment securities - AFS

2,579,397

2,579,397

Derivatives not designated as hedging
instruments:

Interest rate swaps

220

220

Total assets

$

2,579,617

$

$

2,579,617

$

Description of liability

Derivatives not designated as hedging
instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

220

$

$

220

$

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

10,838

10,838

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

2,763

2,763

Total liabilities

$

13,821

$

$

13,821

$

27


Carrying Value at
December 31, 2024

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

(Dollars in thousands)

Description of assets

Investment securities - AFS:

Government agency/GSE

$

34,255

$

$

34,255

$

Mortgage-backed securities

2,134,534

2,134,534

CMO/REMIC

351,522

351,522

Municipal bonds

20,377

20,377

Other securities

1,427

1,427

Total investment securities - AFS

2,542,115

2,542,115

Derivatives not designated as hedging
instruments:

Interest rate swaps

30

30

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

7,222

7,222

Total assets

$

2,549,367

$

$

2,549,367

$

Description of liability

Derivatives not designated as hedging
instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

30

$

$

30

$

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

517

517

Total liabilities

$

547

$

$

547

$

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

We may be required to measure certain assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower of cost or fair value accounting or impairment write-downs of individual assets.

For assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis that were held on the balance sheet at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 , the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the carrying value of the related assets that had losses during the period.

Carrying value at September 30, 2025

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Total Losses For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

(Dollars in thousands)

Description of assets

Loans:

Commercial real estate

$

32,136

$

$

$

32,136

$

14

SBA

859

859

51

Commercial and industrial

2,077

2,077

17

Dairy & livestock and
agribusiness

395

395

10

Other real estate owned

661

661

Total assets

$

36,128

$

$

$

36,128

$

92

28


Carrying value at December 31, 2024

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Total Losses For The Year Ended December 31, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Description of assets

Loans:

Commercial real estate

$

28,728

$

$

$

28,728

$

11

SBA

1,532

1,532

49

Commercial and industrial

3,144

3,144

220

Dairy & livestock and
agribusiness

860

860

9

Other real estate owned

10,429

10,429

2,296

Total assets

$

44,693

$

$

$

44,693

$

2,585

29


Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following disclosure presents the estimated fair value of our financial instruments. The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company may realize in a current market exchange as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 , respectively. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

September 30, 2025

Carrying

Estimated Fair Value

Amount

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Assets

Total cash and cash equivalents

$

783,920

$

783,920

$

$

$

783,920

Interest-earning balances due from
depository institutions

13,163

13,163

13,163

Investment securities available-for-sale

2,579,397

2,579,397

2,579,397

Investment securities held-to-maturity

2,297,909

1,935,898

1,935,898

Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses

8,391,570

8,245,368

8,245,368

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

220

220

220

Liabilities

Deposits:

Interest-bearing

$

4,879,271

$

$

4,876,458

$

$

4,876,458

Borrowings

951,258

914,007

914,007

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

220

220

220

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

10,838

10,838

10,838

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

2,763

2,763

2,763

30


December 31, 2024

Carrying

Estimated Fair Value

Amount

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Assets

Total cash and cash equivalents

$

204,698

$

204,698

$

$

$

204,698

Interest-earning balances due from
depository institutions

480

480

480

Investment securities available-for-sale

2,542,115

2,542,115

2,542,115

Investment securities held-to-maturity

2,379,668

1,954,345

1,954,345

Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses

8,456,310

8,149,801

8,149,801

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

30

30

30

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

7,222

7,222

7,222

Liabilities

Deposits:

Interest-bearing

$

4,911,285

$

$

4,908,070

$

$

4,908,070

Borrowings

761,887

716,566

716,566

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

30

30

30

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

517

517

517

The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 , respectively. Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date, and therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented above.

31


9. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

The Bank is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations and utilizes interest rate swap agreements (“swaps”) as part of its asset/liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position. As of September 30, 2025, the Bank has entered into 107 interest-rate swap agreements with customers with an aggregate notional amount totaling $ 347.1 million. The Bank then entered into identical offsetting swaps with counterparties in each instance. The swap agreements are not designated as hedging instruments. The purpose of entering into offsetting derivatives not designated as a hedging instrument is to provide the Bank a variable-rate loan receivable and to provide the customer the financial effects of a fixed-rate loan without creating significant volatility in the Bank’s earnings.

The structure of the swaps is as follows. The Bank enters into an interest rate swap with its customers in which the Bank pays the customer a variable rate and the customer pays the Bank a fixed rate, thereby allowing customers to in effect convert variable rate loans to fixed rate loans. At the same time, the Bank enters into a swap with a counterparty bank in which the Bank pays the counterparty a fixed rate and the counterparty in return pays the Bank a variable rate. The net effect of the transaction allows the Bank to receive interest on the loan from the customer at a variable rate based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus a spread. The changes in the fair value of the swaps primarily offset each other and therefore should not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, although the Company does incur credit and counterparty risk with respect to performance on the swap agreements by the Bank’s customer and counterparty, respectively. These instruments contain language outlining collateral pledging requirements for each counterparty, whereby collateral must be posted if market value exceeds certain agreed upon threshold limits. Cash or securities are pledged as collateral. Our interest rate swap derivatives are subject to a master netting arrangement with our counterparties. No ne of our derivative assets and liabilities are offset in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet.

We believe our risk of loss associated with our counterparty borrowers related to interest rate swaps is mitigated as the loans with swaps are underwritten to take into account potential additional exposure, although there can be no assurances in this regard since the performance of our swaps is subject to market and counterparty risk.

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

Fair Value Hedges

To manage interest rate risk on our AFS securities portfolio, we have entered into pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap contracts to hedge against exposure to changes in the fair value of such securities resulting from changes in interest rates. We designate these interest rate swap contracts as fair value hedges that qualify for hedge accounting under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. We elected to account for the fair value hedges using the portfolio layer method in accordance with ASU 2022-01. We record the interest rate swaps in the line items "accrued interest receivable and other assets" and "other liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheet. For qualifying fair value hedges, both the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the portion of the fair value adjustments associated with the portfolio layer attributable to the hedged risk are recognized into earnings as they occur. Derivative amounts impacting earnings are recognized consistent with the classification of the hedged item in the line item "investment securities available for sale" as part of interest income, a component of consolidated net income.

In June 2023, fair value hedging transactions were executed in which $ 1 billion notional pay-fixed interest rate swaps were consummated with maturities ranging from four to five years , wherein the Company paid a weighted average fixed rate of approximately 3.8 % and received daily SOFR. In December 2024, we terminated one of these swaps which had a notional value of $ 300 million, a maturity date of June 2027, and a pay-fixed rate of 3.95 %. In May 2025, the remaining $ 700 million notional pay-fixed interest rate swaps, with a weighted average fixed rate of approximately 3.7 %, that were scheduled to mature in June of 2028 were terminated and replaced with new pay-fixed interest rate swaps with maturity dates in May of 2029, 2030 and 2031, with a weighted pay-fixed rate of 3.68 %. The new $ 700 million of fair value hedges have approximately equal nominal values maturing each of the three years and had a fair value which totaled $ 10.8 million and was reflected as a liability at September 30, 2025.

Cash Flow Hedges

To manage our interest rate risk associated with brokered CDs, FHLB advances or other fixed rate advances for specified periods, the Company enters into interest rate derivative contracts that are designated as qualifying cash flow hedges to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows attributable to changes in a contractually specified interest rates. During

32


the first quarter of 2024, $ 300 million of 3-month term brokered CDs were issued and cash flow hedging transactions were also executed in which $ 300 million notional pay-fixed interest rate swaps were consummated with maturities of three years, wherein the Company pays a weighted average fixed rate of approximately 4.2 % and receives daily SOFR. The $ 300 million of brokered CDs were renewed for 3-month terms during the second quarter of 2025 and as of September 30, 2025, the cash flow hedges have remaining maturities of approximately 20 months.

To qualify for hedge accounting, a formal assessment is prepared to determine whether the hedging relationship, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk during the term of the hedge if a cash flow hedge. At inception a statistical regression analysis is prepared to determine hedge effectiveness. At each reporting period thereafter, a statistical regression or qualitative analysis is performed to determine hedge effectiveness. If it is determined that hedge effectiveness has not been or will not continue to be highly effective, then hedge accounting ceases and any gain or loss in AOCI is recognized in earnings immediately. The cash flow hedges are recorded at fair value in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded in AOCI, net of tax. All related cash flows are reported in the operating activities section of the consolidated statement of cash flows. Amounts recorded to AOCI are reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged asset or liability affects earnings and are presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged asset or liability.

Balance Sheet Classification of Derivative Financial Instruments

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the notional amount, the location of the asset and liability, and their respective fair values, are summarized in the tables below.

September 30, 2025

Asset Derivatives

Liability Derivatives

Notional

Balance Sheet Location

Fair Value

Notional

Balance Sheet Location

Fair Value

(Dollars in thousands)

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

347,118

Other assets

$

220

$

347,118

Other liabilities

$

220

Total derivatives

$

220

$

220

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

$

700,000

Other assets

$

$

Other liabilities

$

10,838

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

Other assets

300,000

Other liabilities

2,763

Total

$

$

13,601

33


December 31, 2024

Asset Derivatives

Liability Derivatives

Notional

Balance Sheet Location

Fair Value

Notional

Balance Sheet Location

Fair Value

(Dollars in thousands)

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

363,440

Other assets

$

30

$

363,440

Other liabilities

$

30

Total derivatives

$

30

$

30

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

$

700,000

Other assets

$

7,222

$

Other liabilities

$

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

Other assets

300,000

Other liabilities

517

Total

$

7,222

$

517

The Effect of Derivatives Financial Instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings for the periods presented.

Location of Gain Recognized in
Income on Derivative Instruments

Amount of Gain Recognized in
Income on Derivative Instruments

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Derivatives Not Designated
as Hedging Instruments:

Interest rate swaps

Other income

$

$

105

$

$

105

Total

$

$

105

$

$

105

Location of Gain Recognized in
Income on Derivative Instruments

Amount of Gains (Losses) Recognized in Interest
Income on Derivative Instruments

OCI Impact on Derivatives-Gains (Losses) recorded in OCI

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

2025

2024

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

(Dollars in thousands)

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:

Fair value hedges:
interest rate swaps

Interest income

$

1,299

$

4,286

$

3,607

$

12,070

$

( 1,020

)

$

( 20,430

)

$

( 7,925

)

$

( 5,671

)

Cash flow hedges:
interest rate swaps

Interest expense

168

892

498

1,988

55

( 4,869

)

( 1,960

)

( 3,754

)

Total

$

1,467

$

5,178

$

4,105

$

14,058

$

( 965

)

$

( 25,299

)

$

( 9,885

)

$

( 9,425

)

34


10. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The table below provides a summary of the components of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) for the periods presented.

Three Months Ended September 30,

2025

2024

Before-tax

Tax effect

After-tax

Before-tax

Tax effect

After-tax

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities:

Net change in fair value recorded in accumulated OCI

$

21,737

$

( 6,319

)

$

15,418

$

108,634

$

( 32,116

)

$

76,518

Net realized loss on investment securities reclassified into earnings

8,185

( 2,379

)

5,806

11,582

( 3,424

)

8,158

Amortization of net unrealized losses on securities
transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity

149

( 53

)

96

174

( 52

)

122

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges:

Net change in fair value recorded in accumulated OCI

( 1,411

)

392

( 1,019

)

( 28,688

)

8,258

( 20,430

)

Cash flow hedges:

Net change in fair value recorded in accumulated OCI

92

( 37

)

55

( 6,913

)

2,044

( 4,869

)

Net change

$

28,752

$

( 8,396

)

$

20,356

$

84,789

$

( 25,290

)

$

59,499

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2025

2024

Before-tax

Tax effect

After-tax

Before-tax

Tax effect

After-tax

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities:

Net change in fair value recorded in accumulated OCI

$

105,719

$

( 32,943

)

$

72,776

$

70,485

$

( 20,838

)

$

49,647

Net realized loss on investment securities reclassified into earnings

8,185

( 2,379

)

5,806

11,582

( 3,424

)

8,158

Amortization of net unrealized losses on securities
transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity

432

( 126

)

306

512

( 152

)

360

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges:

Net change in fair value recorded in accumulated OCI

( 18,364

)

5,360

( 13,004

)

( 8,021

)

2,350

( 5,671

)

Cash flow hedges:

Net change in fair value recorded in accumulated OCI

( 2,246

)

650

( 1,596

)

( 5,329

)

1,575

( 3,754

)

Net change

$

93,726

$

( 29,438

)

$

64,288

$

69,229

$

( 20,489

)

$

48,740

11. BALANCE SHEET OFFSETTING

Assets and liabilities relating to certain financial instruments, including, derivatives and securities sold under repurchase agreements (“repurchase agreements”), may be eligible for offset in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as permitted under accounting guidance. As noted above, our interest rate swap derivatives are subject to master netting arrangements. Our interest rate swap derivatives require the Company to pledge investment securities as collateral based on certain risk thresholds. Investment securities that have been pledged by the Company to counterparties continue to be reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets unless the Company defaults. We offer a repurchase agreement product to our customers, which include master netting agreements that allow for the netting of collateral positions. This product, known as Citizens Sweep Manager, sells certain of our securities overnight to our customers under an agreement to repurchase them the next day. The repurchase agreements are not offset in the Company’s condensed consolidated balances.

In June 2023, fair value hedging transactions were executed in which $ 1 billion notional pay-fixed interest rate swaps were consummated with original maturities ranging from four to five years , wherein the Company paid a weighted average fixed rate of approximately 3.8 % and received daily SOFR. In December 2024, we terminated one of these swaps which had a notional value of $ 300 million, a maturity date of June 2027, and a paid fixed rate of 3.95 %. The remaining $ 700 million notional pay-fixed interest swaps were terminated and replaced in May 2025. The fair value of the replacement instruments totaled $ 10.8 million and were reflected as a liability on September 30, 2025

During the first quarter of 2024, cash flow hedging transactions were executed in which $ 300 million notional pay-fixed interest rate swaps were consummated with maturities of three years , wherein the Company pays a weighted average fixed rate of approximately 4.2 % and receives daily SOFR. The fair value of these instruments totaled $ 2.8 million and were reflected as a liability on September 30, 2025.

35


Refer to Note 9 - Derivative Financial Instruments of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of this report for additional information.

Gross Amounts Recognized in the Condensed

Gross Amounts Offset in the Condensed

Net Amounts Presented in the Condensed

Gross Amounts Not Offset
in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Financial Instruments

Collateral Pledged

Net Amount

(Dollars in thousands)

September 30, 2025

Financial assets:

Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

220

$

$

220

$

$

$

220

Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

Total

$

220

$

$

220

$

$

$

220

Financial liabilities:

Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

28,486

$

( 28,266

)

$

220

$

28,266

$

15,916

$

44,402

Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

10,838

10,838

10,838

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

2,763

2,763

2,763

Repurchase agreements

451,258

451,258

( 548,707

)

( 97,449

)

Total

$

493,345

$

( 28,266

)

$

465,079

$

28,266

$

( 532,791

)

$

( 39,446

)

December 31, 2024

Financial assets:

Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

41,933

$

( 41,903

)

$

30

$

42,538

$

( 42,390

)

$

178

Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

7,222

7,222

( 6,899

)

323

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

Total

$

49,155

$

( 41,903

)

$

7,252

$

42,538

$

( 49,289

)

$

501

Financial liabilities:

Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments:

Interest rate swaps

$

30

$

$

30

$

$

$

30

Derivatives designated as
hedging instruments:

Fair value hedges: interest rate swaps

Cash flow hedges: interest rate swaps

517

517

517

Repurchase agreements

261,887

261,887

( 306,401

)

( 44,514

)

Total

$

262,434

$

$

262,434

$

$

( 306,401

)

$

( 43,967

)

36


12. LEASES

The Company’s operating leases, where the Company is a lessee, include real estate, such as office space and banking centers. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and is reflected in the consolidated statement of earnings. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are included in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet.

While the Company has, as a lessor, certain equipment finance leases, such leases are not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The tables below present the components of lease costs and supplemental information related to leases as of and for the periods presented.

September 30,
2025

December 31,
2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Lease Assets and Liabilities

ROU assets

$

44,166

$

47,117

Total lease liabilities

46,912

49,617

Three Months Ended
September 30,

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Lease Cost

Operating lease expense (1)

$

2,566

$

1,965

$

7,690

$

5,650

Sublease income

Total lease expense

$

2,566

$

1,965

$

7,690

$

5,650

(1)
Includes short-term leases and variable lease costs, which are immaterial.

Other Information

Cash paid for amounts included in the
measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash outflows from operating
leases, net

$

2,429

$

1,948

$

7,228

$

5,726

September 30,
2025

December 31,
2024

Lease Term and Discount Rate

Weighted average remaining lease term
(years)

9.76

9.99

Weighted average discount rate

6.09

%

5.95

%

37


The Company’s lease arrangements that have not yet commenced as of September 30, 2025 and the Company’s short-term lease costs and variable lease costs, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are not material to the consolidated financial statements. The future lease payments required for leases that have initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of September 30, 2025, excluding property taxes and insurance, are as follows:

September 30, 2025

(Dollars in thousands)

Year:

2025 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2025)

$

2,525

2026

9,624

2027

8,335

2028

6,550

2029

4,776

2030

4,029

Thereafter

29,562

Total future lease payments

65,401

Less: Imputed interest

( 18,489

)

Present value of lease liabilities

$

46,912

13. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the periods indicated.

Three Months Ended
September 30,

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Noninterest income:

In-scope of Topic 606:

Service charges on deposit accounts

$

4,859

$

5,120

$

14,726

$

15,273

Trust and investment services

3,875

3,565

11,002

10,217

Bankcard services

684

355

1,961

1,110

Loss on sale of AFS investment securities

( 8,185

)

( 11,582

)

( 8,185

)

( 11,582

)

Gain on OREO, net

2,183

Gain on sale of leaseback transactions

9,106

9,106

Other

8,506

2,771

12,965

7,213

Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)

9,739

9,335

34,652

31,337

Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)

3,267

3,499

9,326

10,034

Total noninterest income

$

13,006

$

12,834

$

43,978

$

41,371

Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 22 – Revenue Recognition, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a more detailed discussion about noninterest revenue streams that are in-scope of Topic 606.

38


14. INCOME TAXES

The Company invests in low income housing tax credit and solar tax funds that are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits. The Company accounts for these investments by amortizing the cost of tax credit investments over the life of the investment using a proportional amortization method and tax credit investment amortization expense is a component of the provision for income taxes.

The following table presents the balances of the Company's tax credit investments and related unfunded commitments at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Tax credit investments

$

125,687

$

57,264

Unfunded commitments - tax credit investments

116,767

45,809

The following table presents other information related to the Company's tax credit investments at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Tax credits and other tax benefits recognized

$

71,849

$

21,257

Tax credit amortization expense included in provision for income taxes

64,994

17,421

On June 27, 2025, California Senate Bill 132 ("SB 132") was passed and signed into law by Governor Newsom. Effective for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, SB 132 amends California Revenue and Tax Code ("CRTC") to require financial institutions to apportion income using the single sales factor formula. Prior to this change, businesses were required by CRTC Section 25128 (b) to use an evenly weighted three-factor apportionment formula contemplating a payroll factor, property and sales factor. The impact on the Company's tax expense as of September 30, 2025 is not material. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this bill on its deferred tax assets and liabilities.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was signed and enacted into law by the President of the United States on July 4, 2025. Except for certain provisions, the Tax Act is effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Changes from OBBBA include modifications to allow for immediate expensing of certain business investments and provides certain permanent extensions of key business tax breaks originally enacted under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Job Act. We believe the impact of the OBBBA on Company's tax expense as of September 30, 2025 is not material.

39


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION A ND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion provides information about the results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and capital resources of CVB Financial Corp. (referred to herein on an unconsolidated basis as “CVB” and on a consolidated basis as “we,” “our” or the “Company”) and its wholly owned bank subsidiary, Citizens Business Bank (the “Bank” or “CBB”). This information is intended to facilitate the understanding and assessment of significant changes and trends related to our financial condition and the results of our operations. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes presented elsewhere in this report.

CRITICAL ACCO UNTING POLICIES

The discussion and analysis of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are based upon the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and are essential to understanding Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The following is a summary of the more judgmental and complex accounting estimates and principles. In each area, we have identified the variables we believe are most important in our estimation process. We utilize information available to us to make the necessary estimates to value the related assets and liabilities. Actual performance that differs from our estimates and future changes in the key variables and information could change future valuations and impact the results of operations.

Allowance for Credit Losses (“ACL”)
Business Combinations
Valuation and Recoverability of Goodwill

Our significant accounting policies are described in greater detail in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which are essential to understanding Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

40


Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements but Not Adopted as of September 30, 2025

Standard

Description

Adoption Timing

Impact on Financial Statements

ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

Issued November, 2024

In November, 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40 Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU requires disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses for public business entities. This ASU does not change the expense captions an entity presents on the face of the income statement; rather, it requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories in disclosures in tabular format within the footnotes to the financial statements. The prescribed categories include employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning in 2028. This ASU is to be applied on a prospective basis, though early adoption and retrospective application are permitted.

December 31,
2027

The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2025-01, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date

Issued January, 2025

In January, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, which amends the effective date of ASU 2024-03 to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual periods after December 15, 2026, and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027.

See ASU 2024-03

ASU 2025-03, Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidation (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity (VIE)

Issued May, 2025

In May, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03, which clarifies the accounting acquirer determination in acquisitions where the legal acquiree is a VIE.
This ASU is effective for all entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted.

December 31,
2026

The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2025-04, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Clarifications to Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer

Issued May, 2025

In May, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-04, which revises the definition of performance condition for share-based consideration payable to a customer, eliminates the forfeiture policy election for awards granted to customers (unless granted in exchange for a distinct good or service), and clarifies applicability of the variable consideration constraint.
This ASU is effective for all entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted for all entities.

December 31,
2026

The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326) : Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets

Issued July, 2025

In July, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, which introduces a practical expedient and policy election to simplify application of CECL to trade accounts receivable and contract assets.
This ASU is effective for all entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted for all entities.

December 31,
2025

The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other Internal-Use Software (subtopic 350-40)

Issued September, 2025

In September, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, which provides targeted improvements to the accounting for internal-use software, including revising the cost capitalization threshold.
This ASU is effective for all entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted for all entities.

December 31,
2027

The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

41


Standard

Description

Adoption Timing

Impact on Financial Statements

ASU 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)

Issued September, 2025

In September, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-07, which establishes accounting requirements for contracts that meet the characteristics-based definition of a derivative and are not otherwise excluded from the Topic's scope.
This ASU is effective for all entities for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted for all entities.

December 31,
2026

The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

42


OVER VIEW

For the third quarter of 2025, we reported net earnings of $52.6 million, compared with $50.6 million for the second quarter of 2025 and $51.2 million for the third quarter of 2024. Diluted earnings per share were $0.38 for the third quarter, compared to $0.37 for the prior quarter and $0.37 for the same period last year. Net income for the third quarter of 2025 produced an annualized return on average equity (“ROAE”) of 9.19%, an annualized return on average tangible common equity (“ROATCE”) of 14.11%, and an annualized return on average assets (“ROAA”) of 1.35%. Our net interest margin, tax equivalent (“NIM”), was 3.33% for the third quarter of 2025, while our efficiency ratio was 45.56%. Year-to-date net earnings for 2025 were $154.3 million, a $4.4 million increase compared to the same period in 2024.

Net interest income was $115.6 million for the third quarter of 2025, that represented a $4.0 million, or 3.56%, increase from the second quarter of 2025, and a $2.0 million, or 1.72%, increase from the third quarter of 2024. The quarter-over-quarter increase in net interest income was due to a $5.9 million increase in interest income resulting from a $315.0 million increase in average earning assets and a four basis point increase in the yield on average earning assets. The increase in interest income was partially offset by a $1.9 million increase in interest expense that was due to a $217 million increase in interest bearing deposits and customer repurchases and a two basis point increase in cost of funds. The increase in net interest income compared to the third quarter of 2024 was the net result of a $17.6 million decline in interest expense, that exceeded a $15.6 million decline in interest income. As a result of the Company's deleveraging strategy in the second half of 2024, average earning assets in the third quarter of 2025 were $1.1 billion lower than the third quarter of 2024, while the net interest margin increased by 28 basis points between the two periods. Year-to-date net interest income for 2025 was $337.6 million, a $700,000 increase compared to the same period in 2024.

Noninterest income was $13.0 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared with $14.7 million for the second quarter of 2025 and $12.8 million for the third quarter of 2024. Noninterest income decreased by $1.7 million in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the second quarter due primarily to a loss on sale of available-for-sale securities in the third quarter of 2025 of $8.2 million, that was partially offset by a $6.4 million increase in other income. The increase in other income includes a $6.0 million legal settlement received in the third quarter of 2025. Excluding the loss on sale of AFS securities and legal settlement, noninterest income grew by approximately $447,000 compared to the second quarter of 2025. Noninterest income for the first nine months of 2025 was $44.0 million, a $2.6 million, or 6.30% increase over the same period in 2024.

Noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2025 was $58.6 million, compared to $57.6 million for the second quarter of 2025 and $58.8 million for the third quarter of 2024. The $1.0 million quarter-over-quarter increase was primarily due to an $877,000 increase in salaries and benefits and a $500,000 provision for unfunded loan commitments in the third quarter of 2025. Noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2025 was $175.3 million, a $173,000, or 0.10% increase over the same period in 2024.

At September 30, 2025, total assets were $15.67 billion, an increase $512.6 million, or 3.38%, from total assets of $15.15 billion at December 31, 2024. Interest-earning assets were $14.0 billion at September 30, 2025, an increase of $483.9 million, or 3.58%, when compared with $13.53 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase in interest-earning assets was primarily due to a $581.2 million increase in interest-earning balances due from the Federal Reserve, offset by a $65.5 million decrease in total loans, and a $44.5 million decrease in investment securities.

Total investment securities were $4.88 billion at September 30, 2025, a decrease of $44.5 million, or 0.90%, from $4.92 billion at December 31, 2024. At September 30, 2025, investment securities held-to-maturity (“HTM”) totaled $2.30 billion, a $81.8 million, or 3.44%, decline from $2.38 billion at December 31, 2024. At September 30, 2025, investment securities available-for-sale (“AFS”) totaled $2.58 billion, inclusive of a pre-tax net unrealized loss of $333.8 million. AFS securities increased by $37.3 million, or 1.47%, from $2.54 billion at December 31, 2024. The pre-tax unrealized loss decreased by $113.9 million from December 31, 2024. Our tax equivalent yield on investments was 2.66% for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, compared to 2.62% for the second quarter of 2025 and 2.67% for the third quarter of 2024.

Total loans and leases, at amortized cost, of $8.47 billion at September 30, 2025, decreased by $65.5 million, or 0.77%, from December 31, 2024. The decrease in total loans included decreases of $138.5 million in dairy and livestock loans, offset partially by increases of $27.9 million in commercial real estate loans, $16.9 million in SFR mortgage loans, $14.0 million in commercial and industrial loans and $13.9 million in construction loans. The decline in dairy & livestock loans primarily relates to the seasonal peak in line utilization at the end of every calendar year, demonstrated by a decline in utilization from 81% at December 31, 2024 to 64% at September 30, 2025. Our yield on loans was 5.25% for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, compared to 5.22% for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 and 5.31% for the third quarter of 2024.

43


The allowance for credit losses totaled $79.3 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $80.1 million at December 31, 2024. There was a $1.0 million provision for credit losses in the third quarter of 2025 and a $1.0 million recapture of credit losses for the nine months ending September 30, 2025

Noninterest-bearing deposits were $7.24 billion at September 30, 2025, an increase of $207.9 million, or 2.95%, when compared to $7.04 billion at December 31, 2024. At September 30, 2025, noninterest-bearing deposits were 59.76% of total deposits, compared to 58.90% at December 31, 2024.

Interest-bearing deposits were $4.88 billion at September 30, 2025, a decrease of $32.0 million, or 0.65%, when compared to $4.91 billion at December 31, 2024. Customer repurchase agreements totaled $451.3 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $261.9 million at December 31, 2024. Our average cost of total deposits including customer repurchase agreements was 0.90% for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, compared to 0.87% for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, and 1.01% for the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

At September 30, 2025, total borrowings, consisted of $500.0 million of FHLB advances, at a weighted average cost of approximately 4.6%. The FHLB advances include maturities of $300 million in May 2026 and $200 million in May 2027.

The Company’s total equity was $2.28 billion at September 30, 2025. This represented an overall increase of $95.8 million from total equity of $2.19 billion at December 31, 2024. Increases to equity included $154.3 million in net earnings and a $64.3 million increase in other comprehensive income that were partially offset by $83.1 million in cash dividends. During the first nine months of 2025, we repurchased, under our stock repurchase plan, 2,360,070 shares at an average price of $18.43, totaling $43.5 million. Our tangible book value per share at September 30, 2025 was $10.98, which compares to $10.10 at December 31, 2024.

Our capital ratios under the revised capital framework referred to as Basel III remain well-above regulatory requirements. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s Tier 1 leverage capital ratio was 11.8%, common equity Tier 1 ratio was 16.3%, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 16.3%, and total risk-based capital ratio was 17.1%. Refer to our Analysis of Financial Condition – Capital Resources .

44


ANALYSIS OF THE R ESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Financial Performance

Three Months Ended

Variance

September 30,

June 30,

2025

2025

$

%

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net interest income

$

115,577

$

111,608

$

3,969

3.56

%

(Provision for) recapture of credit losses

(1,000

)

(1,000

)

Noninterest income

13,006

14,744

(1,738

)

-11.79

%

Noninterest expense

(58,576

)

(57,557

)

(1,019

)

-1.77

%

Income taxes

(16,421

)

(18,231

)

1,810

9.93

%

Net earnings

$

52,586

$

50,564

$

2,022

4.00

%

Earnings per common share:

Basic

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

0.01

Diluted

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

0.01

Return on average assets

1.35

%

1.34

%

0.01

%

Return on average shareholders' equity

9.19

%

9.06

%

0.13

%

Efficiency ratio

45.56

%

45.55

%

0.01

%

Noninterest expense to average assets

1.50

%

1.52

%

-0.02

%

Three Months Ended

September 30,

Variance

2025

2024

$

%

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net interest income

$

115,577

$

113,619

$

1,958

1.72

%

(Provision for) recapture of credit losses

(1,000

)

(1,000

)

0.00

%

Noninterest income

13,006

12,834

172

1.34

%

Noninterest expense

(58,576

)

(58,835

)

259

0.44

%

Income taxes

(16,421

)

(16,394

)

(27

)

-0.16

%

Net earnings

$

52,586

$

51,224

$

1,362

2.66

%

Earnings per common share:

Basic

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

0.01

Diluted

$

0.38

$

0.37

$

0.01

Return on average assets

1.35

%

1.23

%

0.12

%

Return on average shareholders' equity

9.19

%

9.40

%

-0.21

%

Efficiency ratio

45.56

%

46.53

%

-0.97

%

Noninterest expense to average assets

1.50

%

1.42

%

0.08

%

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

Variance

2025

2024

$

%

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net interest income

$

337,629

$

336,929

$

700

0.21

%

Recapture of (provision for) credit losses

1,000

1,000

100.00

%

Noninterest income

43,978

41,371

2,607

6.30

%

Noninterest expense

(175,276

)

(175,103

)

(173

)

-0.10

%

Income taxes

(53,077

)

(53,339

)

262

0.49

%

Net earnings

$

154,254

$

149,858

$

4,396

2.93

%

Earnings per common share:

Basic

$

1.12

$

1.07

$

0.05

Diluted

$

1.11

$

1.07

$

0.04

Return on average assets

1.35

%

1.23

%

0.12

%

Return on average shareholders' equity

9.18

%

9.43

%

-0.25

%

Efficiency ratio

45.93

%

46.29

%

-0.36

%

Noninterest expense to average assets

1.53

%

1.43

%

0.10

%

45


Return on Average Tangible Common Equity Reconciliation (Non-GAAP)

The return on average tangible common equity is a non-GAAP disclosure. The Company uses certain non-GAAP financial measures to provide supplemental information regarding the Company's performance. The following is a reconciliation of net income, adjusted for tax-effected amortization of intangibles, to net income computed in accordance with GAAP, a reconciliation of average tangible common equity to the Company's average stockholders' equity computed in accordance with GAAP, as well as a calculation of return on average tangible common equity.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

June 30,

September 30,

September 30,

September 30,

2025

2025

2024

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Net Income

$

52,586

$

50,564

$

51,224

$

154,254

$

149,858

Add: Amortization of intangible assets

1,003

1,155

1,286

3,312

4,161

Less: Tax effect of amortization of intangible assets (1)

(297

)

(341

)

(380

)

(979

)

(1,230

)

Tangible net income

$

53,292

$

51,378

$

52,130

$

156,587

$

152,789

Average stockholders' equity

$

2,271,151

$

2,237,948

$

2,166,793

$

2,245,511

$

2,122,870

Less: Average goodwill

(765,822

)

(765,822

)

(765,822

)

(765,822

)

(765,822

)

Less: Average intangible assets

(7,111

)

(8,232

)

(11,819

)

(8,278

)

(13,216

)

Average tangible common equity

$

1,498,218

$

1,463,894

$

1,389,152

$

1,471,411

$

1,343,832

Return on average equity, annualized (2)

9.19

%

9.06

%

9.40

%

9.18

%

9.43

%

Return on average tangible common equity, annualized (2)

14.11

%

14.08

%

14.93

%

14.23

%

15.19

%

(1)
Tax effected at respective statutory rates.
(2)
Annualized where applicable.

Net Interest Income

The principal component of our earnings is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest and fees earned on loans and investments (interest-earning assets) and the interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds (interest-bearing liabilities). Net interest margin is net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets for the period. The level of interest rates and the volume and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities impact net interest income and net interest margin. The net interest spread is the yield on average interest-earning assets minus the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin and net interest spread are included on a tax equivalent ("TE") basis by adjusting interest income utilizing the federal statutory corporate tax rates of 21% in effect for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. Our net interest income, interest spread, and net interest margin are sensitive to general business and economic conditions. These conditions include short-term and long-term interest rates, inflation, monetary supply, and the strength of the international, national and state economies, in general, and more specifically, the local economies in which we conduct business. We manage interest rate risk within policy limits approved by the Board of Directors, which guides and limits the interest rate risk over short-term and long-term horizons. Sources of interest rate risk include differences in maturity and re-pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities, changes in the shape of the yield curve, and embedded options in assets or liabilities. The mix of interest-earning assets as well as the mix of noninterest bearing deposits and interest-bearing liabilities impacts our ability to manage net interest income during changing interest rate conditions. We also utilize certain derivative instruments to partially hedge interest rate risk. See Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Asset/Liability and Market Risk Management – Interest Rate Sensitivity Management included herein.

46


The tables below present the interest rate spread, net interest margin and the composition of average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities by category for the periods indicated, including the changes in average balance, composition, and average yield/rate between these respective periods.

Three Months Ended September 30,

2025

2024

Average

Yield/

Average

Yield/

Balance

Interest

Rate

Balance

Interest

Rate

(Dollars in thousands)

INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS

Investment securities (1)

Available-for-sale securities:

Taxable

$

2,501,923

$

18,722

2.99

%

$

2,637,216

$

20,010

3.03

%

Tax-advantaged

20,797

145

3.33

%

24,774

168

3.25

%

Held-to-maturity securities:

Taxable

1,953,725

10,494

2.15

%

2,046,987

10,896

2.13

%

Tax-advantaged

359,483

2,318

3.12

%

371,056

2,388

3.11

%

Investment in FHLB stock

18,012

377

8.30

%

18,012

375

8.28

%

Interest-earning deposits with other institutions

646,979

7,231

4.43

%

1,232,551

16,986

5.48

%

Loans (2)

8,372,383

110,825

5.25

%

8,605,270

114,929

5.31

%

Total interest-earning assets

13,873,302

150,112

4.32

%

14,935,866

165,752

4.43

%

Total noninterest-earning assets

1,625,088

1,577,295

Total assets

$

15,498,390

$

16,513,161

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES

Savings deposits (3)

$

4,311,097

$

22,060

2.03

%

$

4,189,345

$

23,427

2.22

%

Time deposits

582,117

4,036

2.75

%

741,875

6,394

3.43

%

Total interest-bearing deposits

4,893,214

26,096

2.12

%

4,931,220

29,821

2.41

%

FHLB advances, other borrowings, and customer
repurchase agreements

956,235

8,109

3.36

%

2,093,364

22,312

4.24

%

Interest expense - Other interest-bearing liabilities

30,029

330

4.30

%

0.00

%

Interest-bearing liabilities

5,879,478

34,535

2.33

%

7,024,584

52,133

2.95

%

Noninterest-bearing deposits

7,123,511

7,124,952

Other liabilities

224,250

196,832

Stockholders' equity

2,271,151

2,166,793

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

$

15,498,390

$

16,513,161

Net interest income

$

115,577

$

113,619

Net interest spread - tax equivalent

1.99

%

1.48

%

Net interest margin

3.31

%

3.03

%

Net interest margin - tax equivalent

3.33

%

3.05

%

(1)
Includes tax equivalent (TE) adjustments utilizing federal statutory corporate rates of 21% in effect for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024. The non TE rates for total investment securities were 2.62% and 2.63% for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
(2)
Includes loan fees of $781,000 and $748,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively. Prepayment penalty fees of $643,000 and $830,000 are included in interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
(3)
Includes interest-bearing demand and money market accounts.

47


Nine Months Ended September 30,

2025

2024

Average

Yield/

Average

Yield/

Balance

Interest

Rate

Balance

Interest

Rate

(Dollars in thousands)

INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS

Investment securities (1)

Available-for-sale securities:

Taxable

$

2,501,899

$

55,466

2.96

%

$

2,750,063

$

62,347

3.02

%

Tax-advantaged

20,552

434

3.36

%

24,918

502

3.22

%

Held-to-maturity securities:

Taxable

1,978,043

31,690

2.14

%

2,065,950

32,930

2.13

%

Tax-advantaged

363,260

7,029

3.12

%

373,477

7,201

3.11

%

Investment in FHLB stock

18,012

1,167

8.66

%

18,012

1,171

8.68

%

Interest-earning deposits with other institutions

384,208

12,796

4.45

%

799,443

32,884

5.49

%

Loans (2)

8,397,900

328,741

5.23

%

8,720,058

345,478

5.29

%

Total interest-earning assets

13,663,874

437,323

4.29

%

14,751,921

482,513

4.38

%

Total noninterest-earning assets

1,620,955

15,814,501

Total assets

$

15,284,829

$

16,333,372

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES

Savings deposits (3)

$

4,265,958

$

64,344

2.02

%

$

4,064,625

$

61,844

2.03

%

Time deposits

572,593

11,903

2.78

%

640,941

15,322

3.19

%

Total interest-bearing deposits

4,838,551

76,247

2.11

%

4,705,566

77,166

2.19

%

FHLB advances, other borrowings, and customer
repurchase agreements

890,936

22,310

3.35

%

2,177,051

68,418

4.20

%

Interest expense - Other interest-bearing liabilities

34,697

1,137

4.32

%

0.00

%

Interest-bearing liabilities

5,764,184

99,694

2.31

%

6,882,617

145,584

2.83

%

Noninterest-bearing deposits

7,060,953

7,153,557

Other liabilities

214,181

174,328

Stockholders' equity

2,245,511

2,122,870

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

$

15,284,829

$

16,333,372

Net interest income

$

337,629

$

336,929

Net interest spread - tax equivalent

1.98

%

1.56

%

Net interest margin

3.30

%

3.05

%

Net interest margin - tax equivalent

3.32

%

3.06

%

(1)
Includes tax equivalent (TE) adjustments utilizing federal statutory corporate rates of 21% in effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024. The non TE rates for total investment securities were 2.59% and 2.63% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
(2)
Includes loan fees of $2.1 million and $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively. Prepayment penalty fees of $2.3 million and $1.9 million are included in interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
(3)
Includes interest-bearing demand and money market accounts.

48


The following table presents a comparison of interest income and interest expense resulting from changes in the volumes and rates on average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities for the periods indicated. Changes in interest income or expense attributable to volume changes are calculated by multiplying the change in volume by the initial average interest rate. The change in interest income or expense attributable to changes in interest rates is calculated by multiplying the change in interest rate by the initial volume. The changes attributable to interest rate and volume changes are calculated by multiplying the change in rate times the change in volume and reflect an adjustment for the number of days as appropriate.

Rate and Volume Analysis for Changes in Interest Income, Interest Expense and Net Interest Income

Comparison of Three Months Ended September 30,

2025 Compared to 2024

Increase (Decrease) Due to

Rate/

Volume

Rate

Volume

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income:

Available-for-sale securities:

Taxable investment securities

$

(1,034

)

$

(267

)

$

13

$

(1,288

)

Tax-advantaged investment securities

(27

)

5

(1

)

(23

)

Held-to-maturity securities:

Taxable investment securities

(501

)

100

(1

)

(402

)

Tax-advantaged investment securities

(75

)

5

(70

)

Investment in FHLB stock

1

1

2

Interest-earning deposits with other institutions

(8,092

)

(3,257

)

1,594

(9,755

)

Loans

(3,119

)

(1,325

)

340

(4,104

)

Total interest income

(12,848

)

(4,738

)

1,946

(15,640

)

Interest expense:

Savings deposits

683

(2,054

)

4

(1,367

)

Time deposits

(1,381

)

(1,268

)

291

(2,358

)

FHLB advances, other borrowings, and
customer repurchase agreements

(12,153

)

(4,621

)

2,571

(14,203

)

Interest expense - Other interest-bearing liabilities

330

330

Total interest expense

(12,851

)

(7,943

)

3,196

(17,598

)

Net interest income

$

3

$

3,205

$

(1,250

)

$

1,958

49


Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30,

2025 Compared to 2024

Increase (Decrease) Due to

Rate/

Volume

Rate

Volume

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income:

Available-for-sale securities:

Taxable investment securities

$

(7,509

)

$

(1,859

)

$

2,487

$

(6,881

)

Tax-advantaged investment securities

(117

)

32

17

(68

)

Held-to-maturity securities:

Taxable investment securities

(1,868

)

224

404

(1,240

)

Tax-advantaged investment securities

(263

)

34

57

(172

)

Investment in FHLB stock

(4

)

(4

)

Interest-earning deposits with other institutions

(22,815

)

(8,327

)

11,054

(20,088

)

Loans

(17,048

)

(5,106

)

5,417

(16,737

)

Total interest income

(49,620

)

(15,006

)

19,436

(45,190

)

Interest expense:

Savings deposits

4,092

(642

)

(950

)

2,500

Time deposits

(2,182

)

(2,653

)

1,416

(3,419

)

FHLB advances, other borrowings, and
customer repurchase agreements

(53,990

)

(18,503

)

26,385

(46,108

)

Interest expense - Other interest-bearing liabilities

1,137

1,137

Total interest expense

(52,080

)

(21,798

)

27,988

(45,890

)

Net interest income

$

2,460

$

6,792

$

(8,552

)

$

700

Third Quarter of 2025 Compared to the Third Quarter of 2024

Net interest income, before provision for credit losses, of $115.6 million for the third quarter of 2025 increased by $2.0 million, or 1.72%, from the third quarter of 2024. The increase in net interest income in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the third quarter of 2024 was the net result of a $17.6 million decrease in interest expense that exceeded a $15.6 million decline in interest income. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to a $14.9 million decrease in interest expense from a $1.2 billion decrease in average borrowings.

Total interest income of $150.1 million declined by $15.6 million, or 9.44%, when compared to the third quarter of 2024. This decrease was primarily due to a $1.06 billion decline in average interest-earning assets and an 11 basis point decrease of the yield on earning assets. Average loan balances declined by $232.9 million from the third quarter of 2024. Compared to the third quarter of 2024, the average balance of investment securities decreased by $244.1 million, while the average amount of funds held at the Federal Reserve decreased by $581.3 million.

Total interest income and fees on loans for the third quarter of 2025 was $110.8 million, a decrease of $4.1 million, or 3.57%, from the third quarter of 2024. This decrease in income was due to both the decline in average loan balances and a decline in loan yields from 5.31% for the third quarter of 2024, to 5.25% for the third quarter of 2025. Loan yields decreased as declining short term interest rates, such as the Prime rate, lowered the yield on variable indexed loans.

Interest income from investment securities was $31.7 million, a decrease of $1.8 million, or 5.33%, from the third quarter of 2024. The decrease was driven primarily by a $3.0 million decrease in the positive carry on pay-fixed swaps that are available-for-sale investment fair value hedges. The spread between daily SOFR and fixed rate paid on these swaps decreased from 1.71% in the third quarter of 2024 to .74% in the third quarter of 2025. Excluding the impact of the fair value hedges, investment security yields increased by 22 basis points, partially offsetting the impact on interest income from the $244.1 million decrease in average investment balances.

Interest expense was $34.5 million for the third quarter of 2025, a decrease of $17.6 million, compared to the third quarter of 2024. Total cost of funds of 1.05% for the third quarter of 2025 decreased from 1.47% for the year ago quarter. This 42 basis point decrease in cost of funds was primarily the result of a $1.2 billion decrease in average borrowings, as well as the 16 basis point decrease in average borrowing costs, when compared to the third quarter of 2024. The redemption of $1.3 billion of Federal Reserve Bank Term Funding Program borrowings in the third quarter of 2024 resulted in the year over year decline in

50


the level of borrowings. A 29 basis point decrease in the cost of total interest-bearing deposits was primarily due to a 19 basis point decrease in the cost of non-maturing interest bearing deposits. Additionally, time deposits declined by $159.8 million and the cost of time deposits decreased by 68 basis points. The cost of customer repurchase agreements increased from 1.73% in the third quarter of 2024 to 2.00% in the third quarter of 2025. Average noninterest-bearing deposits were 59.3% of total average deposits for the third quarter of 2025, compared to 59.1% for the third quarter of 2024.

Nine Months of 2025 Compared to Nine Months of 2024

Net interest income, before provision for credit losses, was $337.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $0.7 million, or 0.21%, compared to $336.9 million for the same period in 2024. The increase in net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 was due to the net impact of a 26 basis point increase in the net interest margin that offset a $1.1 billion decrease in average earning assets. The average balance on interest-bearing liabilities decreased by $1.1 billion, or 16.25%, to $5.76 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, from $6.88 billion for the same period in the prior year. Our net interest margin (TE) was 3.32% for the first nine months of 2025, compared to 3.06% for the same period of 2024.

Total interest income was $437.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, which was $45.2 million, or 9.37%, lower than the same period of 2024. The decline was due to the decrease in the average balance in interest-earning assets which decreased by $1.1 billion, or 7.38%, to $13.66 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from $14.75 billion for the same period in 2024, and a nine basis point decrease in the yield on earning assets, to 4.29% for the first nine months of 2025, compared to 4.38% for the same period in 2024. The year-over-year decrease in average earning assets resulted from a decline of $350.7 million in average investment securities, a $322.2 million decrease in our average loan balances, and a $408.3 million decrease in the average amount of funds held at the Federal Reserve. The decrease in the average earning asset yield compared to the first nine months of 2024 resulted from a six basis point decrease in loan yields, from 5.29% for the first nine months of 2024 to 5.23% for the same period of 2025, and a four basis point decrease in the tax-equivalent yield on investment securities. Including the impact of fair value hedges, the yield on investment securities decreased from 2.68% for the first nine months of 2024 to 2.64% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The decrease in yield includes the positive carry on the fair value hedges, which resulted in $3.6 million of interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $12.1 million in the first nine months of 2024.

Interest expense of $99.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, was $45.9 million lower than the same period of 2024. Total cost of funds for the first nine months of 2025 was 1.04%, compared with 1.39% for the same period of 2024. Average noninterest-bearing deposits for the nine months ending September 30, 2025 decreased by $92.6 million, compared to the first nine months of 2024. Average noninterest-bearing deposits represented 59.34% of our total average deposits for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 60.32% for the same period of 2024. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities decreased by 52 basis points, to 2.31% for the first nine months of 2025, from 2.83% for the same period of 2024. The average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits for the first nine months of 2025 decreased by eight basis points from the same period in 2024. The average balance of time deposits decreased by $68.3 million to $572.6 million in the first nine months of 2025 compared to $640.9 million in the same period in 2024, while the cost of time deposits decreased to 2.78%, from 3.19% in the same period in 2024. The average balance on non-maturity interest-bearing deposits increased from the prior year period by $201.3 million, with the cost of these deposits decreasing by one basis point. Average borrowings for the first nine months of 2025 were $507.0 million at a cost of 4.61%, compared with $1.86 billion at cost of 4.76% of average borrowings for the same period of 2024. The decrease in rates on deposits and borrowings was due to declining market rates and the redemption of Bank Term Funding Program borrowings.

51


Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses

The provision for (recapture of) credit losses is a charge to earnings to maintain the allowance for credit losses at a level consistent with management’s assessment of expected lifetime losses in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date.

There was a $1.0 million provision for credit losses in the third quarter of 2025, compared to no provision in the third quarter of 2024. Net recoveries for the third quarter of 2025 were $333,000, compared to net recoveries of $156,000 in the third quarter of 2024. Projected loss rates were 0.94% at September 30, 2025, compared to 0.97% at September 30, 2024.

There was a $1.0 million recapture of credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to no provision or recapture for credit losses for the same period of 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we experienced credit charge-offs of $536,000 and total recoveries of $750,000, resulting in net recoveries of $214,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we experienced credit charge-offs of $4.3 million and total recoveries of $444,000, resulting in net charge-offs of $3.9 million. Refer to the discussion of “Allowance for Credit Losses” in Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained herein for discussion concerning observed changes in the credit quality of various components of our loan portfolio as well as changes and refinements to our methodology.

No assurance can be given that economic conditions which affect the Company’s service areas or other circumstances will or will not be reflected in future changes in the level of our allowance for credit losses and the resulting provision or recapture of provision for credit losses. The process to estimate the allowance for credit losses requires considerable judgment and our economic forecasts may continue to vary due to the uncertainty of the future impact from geopolitical events, trade barriers, including tariff policies, and global inflation will have on future interest rates, unemployment, the overall economy and resulting impact on our customers. See “Allowance for Credit Losses” under Analysis of Financial Condition herein.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income includes income derived from financial services offered to our customers, such as CitizensTrust, merchant processing and card services, international banking, and other business services. Also included in noninterest income are service charges and fees, primarily from deposit accounts, gains (net of losses) from the disposition of investment securities, loans, other real estate owned, and fixed assets, and other revenues not included as interest on earning assets.

The following table sets forth the various components of noninterest income for the periods presented.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

Variance

September 30,

Variance

2025

2024

$

%

2025

2024

$

%

(Dollars in thousands)

Noninterest income:

Service charges on deposit
accounts

$

4,859

$

5,120

$

(261

)

-5.10

%

$

14,726

$

15,273

$

(547

)

-3.58

%

Trust and investment services

3,875

3,565

310

8.70

%

11,002

10,217

785

7.68

%

Bankcard services

684

355

329

92.68

%

1,961

1,110

851

76.67

%

BOLI income

3,267

3,499

(232

)

-6.63

%

9,326

10,034

(708

)

-7.06

%

Loss on sale of AFS investment securities

(8,185

)

(11,582

)

3,397

29.33

%

(8,185

)

(11,582

)

3,397

29.33

%

Gain on OREO, net

2,183

2,183

Gain on sale leaseback transactions

9,106

(9,106

)

-100.00

%

9,106

(9,106

)

-100.00

%

Other

8,506

2,771

5,735

206.96

%

12,965

7,213

5,752

79.74

%

Total noninterest income

$

13,006

$

12,834

$

172

1.34

%

$

43,978

$

41,371

$

2,607

6.30

%

Third Quarter of 2025 Compared to the Third Quarter of 2024

The $172,000 increase in noninterest income in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 was due to a $5.7 million increase in other income and a $3.4 million decrease in the loss on sale of AFS securities, partially offset by a $9.1 million gain on a sale leaseback transaction in the third quarter of 2024. The increase in other income included a $6.0 million legal settlement received in the third quarter of 2025.

Trust and Investment Services represents our CitizensTrust group. The CitizensTrust group is made up of wealth management and investment services. They provide a variety of services, which include asset management, financial planning,

52


estate planning, retirement planning, private and corporate trustee services, and probate services. Investment Services provides self-directed brokerage, 401(k) plans, mutual funds, insurance and other non-insured investment products. At September 30, 2025, CitizensTrust had approximately $5.2 billion in assets under management and administration, including $3.7 billion in assets under management. CitizensTrust generated fees of $3.9 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared to $3.6 million for the same period of 2024.

Nine Months of 2025 Compared to Nine Months of 2024

The $2.6 million year-over-year increase in noninterest income included a $2.2 million gain on sale of OREO, a $3.4 million decrease in the loss on sale of AFS securities, a $5.7 million increase in other income, and a $785,000 increase in trust and investment services, partially offset by a $9.1 million gain on a sale leaseback transaction in the third quarter of 2024. The increase in other income included a $6.0 million legal settlement received in the third quarter of 2025.

Noninterest Expense

The following table summarizes the various components of noninterest expense for the periods presented.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

Variance

September 30,

Variance

2025

2024

$

%

2025

2024

$

%

(Dollars in thousands)

Noninterest expense:

Salaries and employee benefits

$

35,876

$

36,647

$

(771

)

-2.10

%

$

107,352

$

108,474

$

(1,122

)

-1.03

%

Occupancy

4,703

4,997

(294

)

-5.88

%

14,331

14,232

99

0.70

%

Equipment

1,120

1,207

(87

)

-7.21

%

3,596

3,309

287

8.67

%

Professional services

2,350

2,855

(505

)

-17.69

%

6,622

7,836

(1,214

)

-15.49

%

Computer software expense

4,350

3,906

444

11.37

%

12,981

11,380

1,601

14.07

%

Marketing and promotion

1,738

1,964

(226

)

-11.51

%

5,543

5,550

(7

)

-0.13

%

Amortization of intangible assets

1,003

1,286

(283

)

-22.01

%

3,312

4,161

(849

)

-20.40

%

Telecommunications expense

520

479

41

8.56

%

1,574

1,461

113

7.73

%

Regulatory assessments

2,030

2,104

(74

)

-3.52

%

6,065

7,963

(1,898

)

-23.84

%

Insurance

494

507

(13

)

-2.56

%

1,468

1,523

(55

)

-3.61

%

Provision for (recapture of)
unfunded loan commitments

500

(750

)

1,250

166.67

%

1,000

(1,250

)

2,250

180.00

%

Directors' expenses

316

306

10

3.27

%

913

961

(48

)

-4.99

%

Other

3,576

3,327

249

7.48

%

10,519

9,503

1,016

10.69

%

Total noninterest expense

$

58,576

$

58,835

$

(259

)

-0.44

%

$

175,276

$

175,103

$

173

0.10

%

Noninterest expense to average
assets

1.50

%

1.42

%

1.53

%

1.43

%

Efficiency ratio (1)

45.56

%

46.53

%

45.93

%

46.29

%

(1)
Noninterest expense divided by net interest income before provision for credit losses plus noninterest income.

Our ability to control noninterest expenses in relation to asset growth can be measured in terms of total noninterest expenses as a percentage of average assets. Noninterest expense as a percentage of average assets was 1.50% for the third quarter of 2025, compared to 1.42% for the third quarter of 2024.

Our ability to control noninterest expenses in relation to the level of total revenue (net interest income before provision for credit losses plus noninterest income) can be measured by the efficiency ratio and indicates the percentage of net revenue that is used to cover expenses. The efficiency ratio was 45.56% for the third quarter of 2025, compared to 46.53% for the third quarter of 2024.

53


Third Quarter of 2025 Compared to the Third Quarter of 2024

Noninterest expense of $58.6 million for the third quarter of 2025 was $260,000, or 0.44%, lower than the third quarter of 2024. The decrease in noninterest expense from the third quarter of 2024 was the net result of decreases in most expense categories, that were partially offset by a $444,000 increase in software expense related to technology investments and a $1.25 million increase in the provision for unfunded loan commitments. The $771,000 decrease in salaries and employee benefits was primarily due to lower benefit expense.

Nine Months of 2025 Compared to Nine Months of 2024

Noninterest expense of $175.3 million for the first nine months of 2025 was $173,000 higher than the prior year period. Year-over-year expense increases included $1.6 million, or a 14.1% increase in computer software expense related to data processing costs from continued investments in technology and automation, which coincides with a $1.1 million decrease in salary and benefit expense. Regulatory assessment expense declined by $1.9 million as there was additional accruals in the first half of 2024 for the FDIC special assessment fee from initial estimates of losses from bank failures in 2023. This was offset by the impact of the change in unfunded commitment reserve. The first nine months of 2025 included $1.0 million in provision for unfunded loan commitments, compared to $1.3 million in recapture of provision for in the same period of 2024, resulting in a $2.3 million increase in expense. Legal expenses decreased by $1.3 million in the first nine months of 2025, primarily due to legal expenses incurred in the first nine months of 2024 related to the lawsuit the Company pursued related to allegations of trade secrets misappropriation that was settled in the third quarter of 2025. As a percentage of average assets, noninterest expense was 1.53% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 1.43% for the same period of 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the efficiency ratio was 45.93%, compared to 46.29% for the same period of 2024.

Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was 23.80% and 25.60% compared to 24.25% and 26.25%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. Our estimated annual effective tax rate also varies depending upon the level of tax-advantaged income from municipal securities and bank owned life insurance ("BOLI"), as well as available tax credits. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily driven by increased investments in solar tax credits.

The Company’s effective tax rates are below the nominal combined Federal and State tax rate primarily as a result of tax-advantaged income from certain municipal security investments, municipal loans and leases and BOLI, as well as available tax credits for each period.

54


ANALYSIS OF F INANCIAL CONDITION

Total assets of $15.67 billion at September 30, 2025 increased by $512.6 million, or 3.38%, from total assets of $15.15 billion at December 31, 2024. Interest-earning assets of $14.01 billion at September 30, 2025 increased by $483.9 million, or 3.58%, when compared with $13.53 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase in interest-earning assets was primarily due to a $581.2 million increase in interest-earning balances due from the Federal Reserve, offset by a $65.5 million decrease in total loans, and a $44.5 million decrease in investment securities.

Total liabilities were $13.38 billion at September 30, 2025, an increase of $416.8 million, or 3.21%, from total liabilities of $12.97 billion at December 31, 2024. Total deposits increased by $175.9 million, or 1.47%, with noninterest-bearing deposits increasing by $207.9 million, or 2.95%. Interest-bearing deposits declined by $32.0 million, or 0.65%. Borrowings remained the same balance as of December 31, 2024. At September 30, 2025, total borrowings consisted of $500 million of FHLB advances, at an average cost of approximately 4.6%.

Total equity increased $95.8 million to $2.28 billion at September 30, 2025, compared to total equity of $2.19 billion at December 31, 2024. Increases to equity included $154.3 million in net earnings and a $64.3 million increase in other comprehensive income that were partially offset by $83.1 million in cash dividends. In the first nine months of 2025, we repurchased, under our stock repurchase plan, 2,360,070 shares of common stock, at an average repurchase price of $18.43, totaling $43.5 million. We engaged in no stock repurchases during the first nine months of 2024.

Investment Securities

The Company maintains a portfolio of investment securities to provide interest income and to serve as a source of liquidity for its ongoing operations. At September 30, 2025, total investment securities were $4.88 billion. This represented a decrease of $44.5 million, or 0.90%, from $4.92 billion at December 31, 2024. The overall decrease in investment securities was primarily due to a $81.8 million decline in our HTM securities. At September 30, 2025, our AFS investment securities totaled $2.58 billion, inclusive of a pre-tax net unrealized loss of $333.8 million. The $113.9 million increase in fair value of our AFS securities since December 31, 2024 was partially offset by a $18.4 million decrease in the fair value of our derivatives that hedge the change in value of our AFS portfolio. The after-tax unrealized loss reported in AOCI on our AFS investment securities at September 30, 2025 was $236.8 million. The changes in the net unrealized holding loss resulted primarily from fluctuations in market interest rates. At September 30, 2025, investment securities HTM totaled $2.30 billion. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, repayments/maturities of investment securities totaled $339.4 million and $366.4 million, purchases totaled $250.2 million and $44.9 million, and sales totaled $65.5 million and $245.3 million, respectively. Total Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy ("C-PACE") bonds which are included in our HTM securities portfolio at September 30, 2025 were $17.7 million, of which $6.2 million was originated in the first nine months of 2025.

55


The tables below set forth our investment securities AFS and HTM portfolio by type for the dates presented.

September 30, 2025

Amortized Cost

Gross Unrealized Holding Gain

Gross Unrealized Holding Loss

Fair Value

Total Percent

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Government agency/GSE

$

34,738

$

14

$

$

34,752

1.35

%

Mortgage-backed securities

2,186,896

1,810

(225,199

)

1,963,507

76.13

%

CMO/REMIC

668,135

1,170

(111,026

)

558,279

21.64

%

Municipal bonds

21,778

34

(609

)

21,203

0.82

%

Other securities

1,656

1,656

0.06

%

Unallocated portfolio layer fair value basis
adjustments
(1)

(10,838

)

10,838

0.00

%

Total available-for-sale securities

$

2,902,365

$

13,866

$

(336,834

)

$

2,579,397

100.00

%

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

502,460

$

$

(86,096

)

$

416,364

21.87

%

Mortgage-backed securities

570,690

2

(87,814

)

482,878

24.84

%

CMO/REMIC

760,193

(157,362

)

602,831

33.07

%

Municipal bonds

446,881

861

(31,602

)

416,140

19.45

%

Other securities (2)

17,685

17,685

0.77

%

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

2,297,909

$

863

$

(362,874

)

$

1,935,898

100.00

%

December 31, 2024

Amortized Cost

Gross Unrealized Holding Gain

Gross Unrealized Holding Loss

Fair Value

Total Percent

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Government agency/GSE

$

34,149

$

106

$

$

34,255

1.35

%

Mortgage-backed securities

2,460,573

337

(326,376

)

2,134,534

83.97

%

CMO/REMIC

471,921

(120,399

)

351,522

13.82

%

Municipal bonds

21,755

28

(1,406

)

20,377

0.80

%

Other securities

1,427

1,427

0.06

%

Unallocated portfolio layer fair value basis
adjustments
(1)

7,222

(7,222

)

0.00

%

Total available-for-sale securities

$

2,997,047

$

471

$

(455,403

)

$

2,542,115

100.00

%

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

514,572

$

$

(106,315

)

$

408,257

21.62

%

Mortgage-backed securities

614,383

(110,020

)

504,363

25.82

%

CMO/REMIC

784,059

(170,121

)

613,938

32.95

%

Municipal bonds

455,199

1,158

(40,025

)

416,332

19.13

%

Other securities (2)

11,455

11,455

0.48

%

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

2,379,668

$

1,158

$

(426,481

)

$

1,954,345

100.00

%

(1)
Represents the amount of portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to AFS MBS securities hedged in a closed portfolio. Under U.S. GAAP, portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual securities, however the amounts impact the unrealized gains or losses for the individual securities being hedged. Refer to Note 3 and Note 9 for additional information.

(2)
Represents Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy ("C-PACE") bonds.

56


As of September 30, 2025, $21.8 million in U.S. government agency bonds are callable. The Agency CMO/REMIC securities are backed by agency-pooled collateral. Municipal bonds, which represented approximately 9% of the total investment portfolio, are predominately AA or higher rated securities.

The following table presents the Company’s AFS investment securities and HTM investment securities, by investment category, in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

September 30, 2025

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Mortgage-backed securities

$

192,418

$

(957

)

$

1,621,368

$

(224,242

)

$

1,813,786

$

(225,199

)

CMO/REMIC

30,549

346,830

(111,026

)

377,379

(111,026

)

Municipal bonds

18,318

(609

)

18,318

(609

)

Total available-for-sale securities

$

222,967

$

(957

)

$

1,986,516

$

(335,877

)

$

2,209,483

$

(336,834

)

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

$

$

416,364

$

(86,096

)

$

416,364

$

(86,096

)

Mortgage-backed securities

1,826

463,805

(87,814

)

465,631

(87,814

)

CMO/REMIC

602,831

(157,362

)

602,831

(157,362

)

Municipal bonds

61,397

(1,224

)

294,987

(30,378

)

356,384

(31,602

)

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

63,223

$

(1,224

)

$

1,777,987

$

(361,649

)

$

1,841,210

$

(362,874

)

December 31, 2024

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

Fair Value

Gross Unrealized Holding Losses

(Dollars in thousands)

Investment securities available-for-sale:

Mortgage-backed securities

$

204,428

$

(700

)

$

1,757,066

$

(325,677

)

$

1,961,494

$

(326,377

)

CMO/REMIC

1

351,521

(120,399

)

351,522

(120,399

)

Municipal bonds

3,215

(155

)

16,262

(1,250

)

19,477

(1,405

)

Total available-for-sale securities

$

207,644

$

(855

)

$

2,124,849

$

(447,326

)

$

2,332,493

$

(448,181

)

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

Government agency/GSE

$

$

$

408,257

$

(106,315

)

$

408,257

$

(106,315

)

Mortgage-backed securities

2,072

(42

)

502,292

(109,978

)

504,364

(110,020

)

CMO/REMIC

613,937

(170,121

)

613,937

(170,121

)

Municipal bonds

63,668

(1,067

)

286,868

(38,958

)

350,536

(40,025

)

Total held-to-maturity securities

$

65,740

$

(1,109

)

$

1,811,354

$

(425,372

)

$

1,877,094

$

(426,481

)

Once it is determined that a credit loss has occurred, an allowance for credit losses is established on our available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities. Management determined that credit losses did not exist for securities in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Refer to Note 4 – Investment Securities of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of this report for additional information on our investment securities portfolio.

57


Loans

Total loans and leases, at amortized cost, of $8.47 billion at September 30, 2025 decreased by $65.5 million, or 0.77%, from December 31, 2024. The decrease in total loans included decreases of $138.5 million in dairy & livestock loans, offset partially by increases of $14.0 million in commercial and industrial loans, $27.9 million in commercial real estate loans, $13.9 million in construction loans, $11.6 million in agribusiness loans, and $16.9 million in single family residential loans. The decline in dairy & livestock loans primarily relates to the seasonal peak in line utilization at the end of every calendar year, demonstrated by a decline in utilization from 81% at the end of 2024 to 64% at September 30, 2025. Excluding the decline in dairy & livestock loans, total gross loans would have increased by $73.0 million.

The following table presents our loan portfolio by type as of the dates presented.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate

$

6,535,319

$

6,507,452

Construction

29,976

16,082

Small Business Administration ("SBA")

266,228

273,013

SBA - Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP")

51

774

Commercial and industrial

939,174

925,178

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

292,963

419,904

Municipal lease finance receivables

61,383

66,114

SFR mortgage

286,111

269,172

Consumer and other loans

59,701

58,743

Total loans, at amortized cost

8,470,906

8,536,432

Less: Allowance for credit losses

(79,336

)

(80,122

)

Total loans and lease finance receivables, net

$

8,391,570

$

8,456,310

As of September 30, 2025, $411.4 million, or 6.30% of the total commercial real estate loans included loans secured by farmland, compared to $449.8 million, or 6.91%, at December 31, 2024. The loans secured by farmland included $102.0 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $309.4 million for loans secured by agricultural land at September 30, 2025, compared to $109.1 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $340.7 million for loans secured by agricultural land at December 31, 2024. As of September 30, 2025, dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans of $293.0 million were comprised of $246.7 million of dairy & livestock loans and $46.2 million of agribusiness loans, compared to $419.9 million comprised of $385.3 million of dairy & livestock loans and $34.6 million of agribusiness loans December 31, 2024.

Real estate loans are loans secured by conforming trust deeds on real property, including property under construction, land development, commercial property and single-family and multi-family residences. Our real estate loans are comprised of industrial, office, retail, medical, single family residences, multi-family residences, and farmland. Consumer loans include installment loans to consumers as well as home equity loans, auto and equipment leases and other loans secured by junior liens on real property. Municipal lease finance receivables are leases to municipalities. Dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans are loans to finance the operating needs of wholesale dairy farm operations, cattle feeders, livestock raisers and farmers.

As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $211.2 million of total SBA 504 loans. SBA 504 loans include term loans to finance capital expenditures and for the purchase of commercial real estate. Initially the Bank provides two separate loans to the borrower representing a first and second lien on the collateral. The loan with the first lien is typically at a 50% advance to the acquisition costs and the second lien loan provides the financing for 40% of the acquisition costs with the borrower’s down payment of 10% of the acquisition costs. The Bank retains the first lien loan for its term and sells the second lien loan to the SBA subordinated debenture program. A majority of the Bank’s 504 loans are granted for the purpose of commercial real estate acquisition. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $55.0 million of total SBA 7(a) loans that include a guarantee of payment from the SBA (typically 75% of the loan amount, but up to 90% in certain cases) in the event of default. The SBA 7(a) loans include revolving lines of credit (SBA Express) and term loans of up to ten (10) years to finance long-term working capital requirements, capital expenditures, and/or for the purchase or refinance of commercial real estate.

58


As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $30.0 million in construction loans. This represents 0.36% of total loans held-for-investment. There were no nonperforming construction loans at September 30, 2025.

Our loan portfolio is geographically disbursed throughout our marketplace. The following is the breakdown of our total held-for-investment commercial real estate loans, by region as of September 30, 2025.

September 30, 2025

Total Loans

Commercial Real
Estate Loans

(Dollars in thousands)

Los Angeles County

$

3,047,648

36.0

%

$

2,244,360

34.3

%

Central Valley and Sacramento

1,936,895

22.9

%

1,525,975

23.4

%

Orange County

1,275,191

15.0

%

763,425

11.7

%

Inland Empire

981,350

11.6

%

865,278

13.2

%

Central Coast

441,366

5.2

%

380,311

5.8

%

San Diego

319,646

3.8

%

311,839

4.8

%

Other California

144,468

1.7

%

104,006

1.6

%

Out of State

324,342

3.8

%

340,125

5.2

%

$

8,470,906

100.0

%

$

6,535,319

100.0

%

The table below breaks down our commercial real estate portfolio.

September 30, 2025

Loan Balance

Percent

Percent
Owner-
Occupied
(1)

Average
Loan Balance

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate:

Industrial

$

2,228,294

34.1

%

46.5

%

$

1,655

Office

1,025,127

15.7

%

27.5

%

1,678

Retail

898,769

13.8

%

11.0

%

1,722

Multi-family

819,750

12.5

%

0.5

%

1,538

Secured by farmland (2)

411,359

6.3

%

99.5

%

1,418

Medical

326,848

5.0

%

32.1

%

1,520

Other (3)

825,172

12.6

%

42.4

%

1,858

Total commercial real estate

$

6,535,319

100.0

%

35.0

%

$

1,650

(1)
Represents percentage of reported owner-occupied at origination in each real estate loan category.
(2)
The loans secured by farmland included $102.0 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $309.4 million for loans secured by agricultural land at September 30, 2025.
(3)
Other loans consist of a variety of loan types, none of which exceeded 2.0% of total commercial real estate loans at September 30, 2025.

59


Nonperforming Assets

The following table provides information on nonperforming assets as of the dates presented.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Nonaccrual loans

$

27,804

$

27,795

Total nonperforming loans

27,804

27,795

OREO, net

661

19,303

Total nonperforming assets

$

28,465

$

47,098

Modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty

$

10,756

$

6,467

Total nonperforming loans and performing modified loans to borrowers
experiencing financial difficulty

$

38,560

$

34,262

Percentage of nonperforming loans and performing modified loans to
borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to total loans, at amortized cost

0.46

%

0.40

%

Percentage of nonperforming assets to total loans, at amortized cost,
and OREO

0.34

%

0.55

%

Percentage of nonperforming assets to total assets

0.18

%

0.31

%

60


Modifications of Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

There were 16 loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 with an amortized cost totaling $10.8 million at September 30, 2025, including seven commercial real estate loans totaling $8.4 million, eight commercial and industrial loans totaling $1.9 million and a dairy & livestock and agribusiness loan of $395,000.

The table below reflects the amortized cost of loans by type made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and the financial effect of those modifications.

Amortized Cost Basis

% of Total Class of Financing Receivables

Financial Effect

September 30, 2025

Term Extension

Commercial real estate loans

$

7,754

0.09

%

Added a weighted-average 1.8 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Commercial and industrial

1,149

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 1.4 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

395

0.00

%

Added a weighted-average 1.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Total

$

9,298

Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction

Commercial real estate loans

675

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 7.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers; reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 10.00% to 7.25%.

Commercial and industrial

783

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 1.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers; reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 8.50% to 7.75%.

Total

1,458

Total Modified

$

10,756

61


Amortized Cost Basis

% of Total Class of Financing Receivables

Financial Effect

December 31, 2024

Term Extension

Commercial real estate loans

$

2,180

0.03

%

Added a weighted-average 1.7 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Commercial and industrial

2,804

0.03

%

Added a weighted-average 1.2 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

800

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 0.9 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Total

$

5,784

Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction

Commercial real estate loans

$

683

0.01

%

Added a weighted-average 7.6 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers; reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 10.00% to 7.25%.

Total

683

Total Modified

$

6,467

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, a commercial real estate loan defaulted within 12 months after the loan was modified with a term extension. The amortized cost of the loan was $244,300. Payment default is defined as movement to nonaccrual (nonperforming) status, foreclosure or charge-off, whichever occurs first.

The following table presents the recorded investment in, and the aging of, past due loans at amortized cost (including nonaccrual loans), by type of loans, made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of September 30, 2025.

Payment Status (amortized cost basis)

Current

30-89 Days
Past Due

90+ Days
Past Due

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial real estate loans

$

8,386

$

43

$

Commercial and industrial

1,932

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

395

Total

$

10,713

$

43

$

At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was no ACL allocated to modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Impairment amounts identified are typically charged off against the allowance at the time the loan is considered uncollectible. There were no charge-offs on loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

62


Nonperforming Assets and Delinquencies

The table below provides trends in our nonperforming assets and delinquencies as of the dates presented.

September 30,

June 30,

March 31,

December 31,

September 30,

2025

2025

2025

2024

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Nonperforming loans:

Commercial real estate

$

23,707

$

24,379

$

24,379

$

25,866

$

18,794

SBA

3,952

1,265

1,024

1,529

151

Commercial and industrial

145

265

173

340

2,825

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness

60

60

60

143

Total

$

27,804

$

25,969

$

25,636

$

27,795

$

21,913

% of Total loans

0.33

%

0.31

%

0.31

%

0.33

%

0.26

%

Past due 30-89 days (accruing):

Commercial real estate

$

43

$

$

$

$

30,701

SBA

42

3,419

718

88

Commercial and industrial

399

64

Total

$

85

$

3,419

$

718

$

487

$

30,765

% of Total loans

0.00

%

0.04

%

0.01

%

0.01

%

0.36

%

OREO:

Commercial real estate

$

661

$

661

$

495

$

18,656

$

SFR mortgage

647

647

Total

$

661

$

661

$

495

$

19,303

$

647

Total nonperforming, past due, and OREO

$

28,550

$

30,049

$

26,849

$

47,585

$

53,325

% of Total loans

0.34

%

0.36

%

0.32

%

0.56

%

0.62

%

Classified Loans

$

78,180

$

73,422

$

94,169

$

89,549

$

124,606

Nonperforming loans, defined as nonaccrual loans, including modified loans on nonaccrual, and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest, were $27.8 million at September 30, 2025, or 0.33% of total loans. This compares to nonperforming loans of $27.8 million, or 0.33% of total loans, at December 31, 2024 and $21.9 million, or 0.26% of total loans, at September 30, 2024. The $1.8 million increase in nonperforming loans from June 30, 2025 was primarily due to the addition of one nonperforming SBA loan in the amount of $3.4 million, that was past due at the end of the second quarter of 2025.

Classified loans are loans that are graded “substandard” or worse. Classified loans increased $4.8 million quarter-over-quarter, primarily due to a downgrade of a $2.9 million commercial and industrial loan.

At September 30, 2025, we had two OREO properties totaling $661,000. At December 31, 2024 we had four OREO properties totaling $19.3 million. In the first quarter of 2025, we sold four properties with a total book value of $19.3 million. These sales resulted in gains on sale of approximately $2.0 million.

63


Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses totaled $79.3 million as of September 30, 2025, compared to $80.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and $82.9 million as of September 30, 2024. Our allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2025 was 0.94% of total loans. This compares to 0.94% at December 31, 2024 and 0.97% at September 30, 2024. The decrease in our allowance for credit losses from December 31, 2024 was due to a $1.0 million recapture of credit losses compared to no provision for credit losses recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Net recoveries were $214,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to net charge-offs of $3.9 million for the same period of 2024.

The allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2025 is based upon lifetime loss rate models developed from an estimation framework that uses historical lifetime loss experiences to derive loss rates at a collective pool level. We measure the expected credit losses on a collective (pooled) basis for those loans that share similar risk characteristics. We have three collective loan pools: Commercial Real Estate, Commercial and Industrial, and Consumer. Our ACL amounts are largely driven by portfolio characteristics, including loss history and various risk attributes, and the economic outlook for certain macroeconomic variables. The allowance for credit loss is sensitive to both changes in these portfolio characteristics and the forecast of macroeconomic variables. Risk attributes for commercial real estate loans include Original Loan to Value ratios ("OLTV"), origination year, loan seasoning, and macroeconomic variables that include Real GDP growth, commercial real estate price index and unemployment rate. Risk attributes for commercial and industrial loans include internal risk ratings, borrower industry sector, loan credit spreads and macroeconomic variables that include unemployment rate and BBB spread. The macroeconomic variables for Consumer include unemployment rate and GDP. The Commercial Real Estate methodology is applied over commercial real estate loans, a portion of construction loans, and a portion of SBA loans. The Commercial and Industrial methodology is applied over a substantial portion of the Company’s commercial and industrial loans, all dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans, municipal lease receivables, as well as the remaining portion of SBA loans (excluding PPP loans). The Consumer methodology is applied to SFR mortgage loans, consumer loans, as well as the remaining construction loans. In addition to determining the quantitative life of loan loss rate to be applied against the portfolio segments, management reviews current conditions and forecasts to determine whether adjustments are needed to ensure that the life of loan loss rates reflect both the current state of the portfolio, and expectations for macroeconomic changes.

Our economic forecast continues to be a blend of multiple forecasts produced by Moody’s. The baseline forecast continues to represent the largest weighting in our multi-weighted forecast scenario, with both upside and downside risks weighted among multiple forecasts. As of September 30, 2025, the resulting weighted forecast reflects lower GDP in 2027 and 2028. GDP growth is forecasted to be below 1.5% until the end of 2027 and will not reach 2% until 2028. The unemployment rate is forecasted to increase, with unemployment averaging 5% by the beginning of 2026 and stay above 5% through 2028.

64


The table below presents a summary of charge-offs and recoveries by type, the provision for credit losses on loans, and the resulting allowance for credit losses for the periods presented.

As of and For the

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Allowance for credit losses at beginning of period

$

80,122

$

86,842

Charge-offs:

Commercial real estate

(2,258

)

SBA

(118

)

(165

)

Commercial and industrial

(413

)

(1,917

)

Consumer and other loans

(5

)

(4

)

Total charge-offs

(536

)

(4,344

)

Recoveries:

Construction

171

61

SBA

47

94

Commercial and industrial

532

289

Total recoveries

750

444

Net recoveries (charge-offs)

214

(3,900

)

(Recapture of) provision for credit losses

(1,000

)

Allowance for credit losses at end of period

$

79,336

$

82,942

Summary of reserve for unfunded loan commitments:

Reserve for unfunded loan commitments at beginning of period

$

6,250

$

7,500

Provision for (recapture of) unfunded loan commitments

1,000

(1,250

)

Reserve for unfunded loan commitments at end of period

$

7,250

$

6,250

Reserve for unfunded loan commitments to total unfunded loan
commitments

0.34

%

0.33

%

Amount of total loans at end of period (1)

$

8,470,906

$

8,572,565

Average total loans outstanding (1)

$

8,397,900

$

8,720,058

Net recoveries (charge-offs) to average total loans

0.00

%

-0.04

%

Net recoveries (charge-offs) to total loans at end of period

0.00

%

-0.50

%

Allowance for credit losses to average total loans

0.94

%

0.95

%

Allowance for credit losses to total loans at end of period

0.94

%

0.97

%

Net recoveries (charge-offs) to allowance for credit losses

0.27

%

-4.70

%

Net (charge-offs) recoveries to recapture for credit losses

-21.40

%

-0.00%

(1)
Net of deferred loan origination fees, costs and discounts (amortized cost).

The Bank’s ACL methodology also produced an allowance of $7.3 million for our off-balance sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2025, compared with $6.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024. There was a $1.0 million provision for unfunded loan commitments in the first nine months of 2025, compared to a $1.3 million recapture for the same period of 2024.

While we believe that the allowance at September 30, 2025 was appropriate to absorb losses from known or inherent risks in the portfolio, no assurance can be given that future economic conditions, interest rate fluctuations, conditions of our borrowers (including fraudulent activity), or natural disasters, which adversely affect our service areas or other circumstances or conditions, including those defined above, will not be reflected in increased provisions for credit losses in the future.

Changes in economic and business conditions could have an impact on our market area and on our loan portfolio. We continually monitor these conditions in determining our estimates of needed reserves. However, we cannot predict the extent

65


to which the deterioration in general economic conditions, real estate values, changes in general rates of interest and changes in the financial conditions or business of a borrower may adversely affect a specific borrower’s ability to pay or the value of our collateral. See “ Risk Management – Credit Risk Management ” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Deposits

The primary source of funds to support earning assets (loans and investments) is the generation of deposits.

Total deposits were $12.12 billion at September 30, 2025. This represented an increase of $175.9 million, or 1.47%, when compared with total deposits of $11.95 billion at December 31, 2024. The composition of deposits is summarized as of the dates presented in the table below.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Balance

Percent

Balance

Percent

(Dollars in thousands)

Noninterest-bearing deposits

$

7,244,968

59.76

%

$

7,037,096

58.90

%

Interest-bearing deposits

Investment checking

487,738

4.02

%

551,305

4.61

%

Money market

3,413,769

28.16

%

3,363,804

28.15

%

Savings

395,999

3.26

%

422,583

3.54

%

Time deposits

581,765

4.80

%

573,593

4.80

%

Total Deposits

$

12,124,239

100.00

%

$

11,948,381

100.00

%

The amount of noninterest-bearing deposits in relation to total deposits is an integral element in our strategy of seeking to achieve a low cost of funds. Noninterest-bearing deposits totaled $7.24 billion for the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $207.9 million, or 2.95%, from $7.04 billion at December 31, 2024. Noninterest-bearing deposits were 59.76% of total deposits at the end of the third quarter of 2025, compared to 58.90% at December 31, 2024.

Interest-bearing non-maturity deposits, which include savings, interest-bearing demand, and money market accounts, totaled, totaled $4.30 billion at September 30, 2025, representing a decrease of $40.2 million, or 0.93%, from $4.34 billion at December 31, 2024.

Time deposits totaled $581.8 million at September 30, 2025, representing an increase of $8.2 million, or 1.42%, from total time deposits of $573.6 million at December 31, 2024.

During the first nine months of 2024, $400 million of brokered time deposits were issued and cash flow hedging transactions were simultaneously executed in which $300 million of notional pay-fixed interest rate swaps were consummated with maturities of three years, wherein the Company pays a weighted average fixed rate of approximately 4.2% and receives daily SOFR. We entered into these interest rate derivative contracts that are designated as qualifying cash flow hedges to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows attributable to changes in a contractually specified interest rate. The fair value of these instruments totaled $2.76 million and were reflected as a liability at September 30, 2025.

Our deposits are primarily relationship based and include deposits and customer repurchase agreements ("repos"). For the third quarter of 2025, 79% of our deposits consisted of business deposits and 21% consisted of consumer deposits, with consumer deposits coming primarily from the owners and employees of our business customers. One of the largest percentage of our deposits, 39%, are analyzed business accounts, which represent customer operating accounts that generally utilize a wide array of treasury management products. As most of our business customers need to operate with more than $250,000 in their operating account, we have a significant percentage of deposits that are uninsured. As of September 30, 2025, 42% of our total deposits and customer repos were uncollateralized and uninsured.

Our customer deposit relationships represent a diverse set of industries. Overall, there are 15 different industry classifications that represent 2% or more of our deposits as of September 30, 2025. The industry classification with the largest concentrations is finance & insurance, which represent 14% of our deposits. Manufacturing and construction each represents 7%, while property management, and other real estate rental & leasing, each represents 6% of our deposits. Our depositors have typically banked with us for many years. As of September 30, 2025, 47% of our deposit relationships have banked with us more than 10 years and 75% of our deposit relationships have been with us for three or more years.

66


Average total deposits and customer repos for the third quarter of 2025 increased by $52.8 million when compared to the third quarter of 2024. Our average noninterest-bearing deposits continued to be greater than 59% of our average total deposits for the third quarter of 2025.

Our cost of deposits was 86 basis points on average for the third quarter of 2025, which compares to 98 basis points for the third quarter of 2024. During the Federal Reserve's interest rates tightening cycle from the first quarter of 2022 through the third quarter of 2024, our cost of deposits increased by 95 basis points, representing a deposit beta of 18%, compared to the 525 basis point increase in the Fed Funds rate during the rising rate period.

Borrowings

At September 30, 2025, our borrowings were $951.3 million, which consisted of $451.3 million of customer repurchase agreements and $500.0 million of FHLB advances, at an average cost of approximately 4.55%. At December 31, 2024, our borrowings were $761.9 million including $261.9 million of customer repurchase agreements and $500.0 million of FHLB advances, at an average cost of approximately 4.55%. Refer to Note 6 - Borrowings of the notes to the consolidated financial statements for a more detailed discussion.

We offer a repurchase agreement product to our customers. This product, known as Citizens Sweep Manager, sells our investment securities overnight to our customers under an agreement to repurchase them the next day at a price that reflects the market value of the use of these funds by the Bank for the period concerned. These repurchase agreements are signed with customers who want to invest their excess deposits, above a pre-determined balance in a demand deposit account, in order to earn interest. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, total funds borrowed under these agreements were $451.3 million and $261.9 million, respectively, with a weighted average interest rate of approximately 2.00% for the third quarter of 2025, compared to 1.73% for the third quarter of 2024.

At September 30, 2025, loans with a carrying value of $6.43 billion were pledged to secure the borrowings and available lines of credit from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank. At September 30, 2025, the Bank had unused borrowing capacity at the FHLB of $3.89 billion and unused borrowing capacity at the FRB of $1.09 billion.

At September 30, 2025, investment securities with total carrying values of $4.56 billion were pledged, of which, $2.70 billion were pledged to secure various types of deposits. In addition, investment securities with carrying values of $1.86 billion were pledged to secure $569 million for repurchase agreements, $57 million for other purposes as required or permitted by law, and $1.24 billion were for unused borrowing capacity.

67


Aggregate Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes the aggregate contractual obligations as of September 30, 2025.

Maturity by Period

Total

Less Than One Year

One Year Through
Three Years

Four Years Through
Five Years

Over Five Years

(Dollars in thousands)

Deposits (1)

$

12,124,239

$

12,116,423

$

6,407

$

1,311

$

98

Customer repurchase agreements (1)

451,258

451,258

Other borrowings

500,000

300,000

200,000

Deferred compensation

21,994

577

1,150

1,150

19,117

Operating leases

65,401

9,813

15,839

9,217

30,532

Equity investments

116,767

86,417

27,831

684

1,835

Total

$

13,279,659

$

12,964,488

$

251,227

$

12,362

$

51,582

(1)
Amounts exclude accrued interest.

Deposits represent noninterest-bearing, money market, savings, NOW, certificates of deposits, brokered and all other deposits held by the Bank.

Customer repurchase agreements represent excess amounts swept from customer demand deposit accounts, which mature the following business day and are collateralized by investment securities. These amounts are due to customers.

Other borrowings represent amounts due for FHLB advances based on their contractual maturity dates.

Deferred compensation represents the amounts that are due to former employees based on salary continuation agreements as a result of acquisitions and amounts due to current and retired employees under our deferred compensation plans.

Operating leases represent the total minimum lease payments due under non-cancelable operating leases. Refer to Note 12 – Leases of the notes to the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a more detailed discussion about leases.

Equity investments represent commitments to contribute capital to LIHTC and other CRA related investment partnerships.

68


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The following table summarizes the off-balance sheet items at September 30, 2025.

Maturity by Period

Total

Less Than One Year

One Year Through
Three Years

Four Years Through
Five Years

After Five Years

(Dollars in thousands)

Commitment to extend credit:

Commercial real estate

$

388,470

$

74,363

$

164,384

$

126,166

$

23,557

Construction

111,651

39,774

67,617

4,260

SBA

856

529

327

Commercial and industrial

1,070,281

835,062

202,156

3,279

29,784

Dairy & livestock and agribusiness (1)

328,308

179,153

149,155

SFR Mortgage

710

710

Consumer and other loans

123,338

13,287

19,654

1,676

88,721

Total commitment to extend credit

2,023,614

1,142,168

602,966

131,121

147,359

Obligations under letters of credit

96,714

73,180

18,529

4,987

18

Total

$

2,120,328

$

1,215,348

$

621,495

$

136,108

$

147,377

(1)
Total commitments to extend credit to agribusiness were $21.5 million at September 30, 2025.

As of September 30, 2025, we had commitments to extend credit of approximately $2.02 billion, and obligations under letters of credit of $96.7 million. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to customers, provided there is no violation of any material condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Commitments are generally variable rate, and many of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon. As such, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We use the same credit underwriting policies in granting or accepting such commitments or contingent obligations as we do for on-balance sheet instruments, which consist of evaluating customers’ creditworthiness individually. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the balance in this reserve was $7.3 million and $6.3 million, respectively, and was included in other liabilities. Year-over-year, the reserve included $1.0 million provision for unfunded loan commitments for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $1.3 million in recapture for the same period of 2024.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the financial performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support private borrowing or purchase arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. When deemed necessary, we hold appropriate collateral supporting those commitments.

69


Capital Resources

Our primary source of capital has been the retention of operating earnings and issuance of common stock in connection with periodic acquisitions. In order to ensure adequate levels of capital, we conduct an ongoing assessment of projected sources, needs and uses of capital in conjunction with projected increases in assets and the level of risk. As part of this ongoing assessment, the Board of Directors reviews the various components of our capital plan and capital stress testing.

Total equity increased $95.8 million to $2.28 billion at September 30, 2025, compared to total equity of $2.19 billion at December 31, 2024. Increases to equity included $154.3 million in net earnings and a $64.3 million increase in other comprehensive income, that were partially offset by $83.1 million in cash dividends. During the third quarter of 2025, we repurchased 296,506 shares at an average price of $20.35, totaling $6.0 million. Total shares repurchased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was 2,360,070, at an average price of $18.43, totaling $43.5 million. We did not engage in stock repurchases during the first nine months of 2024 other than the shares repurchased pursuant to net settlement by employees in satisfaction of income tax withholding obligations incurred through the vesting of Company stock awards. Our tangible book value per share at September 30, 2025 was $10.98, compared to $10.10 at December 31, 2024.

During the third quarter of 2025, the Board of Directors of CVB declared a quarterly cash dividend totaling $0.20 per share. Dividends are payable at the discretion of the Board of Directors and there can be no assurance that the Board of Directors will continue to pay dividends at the same rate, or at all, in the future. CVB’s ability to pay cash dividends to its shareholders is subject to restrictions under federal and California law, including restrictions imposed by the Federal Reserve, and covenants set forth in various agreements we are a party to.

On November 20, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a program to repurchase up to 10,000,000 shares (the "Maximum Amount") of CVB common stock including by means of one or more Rule 10b5-1 plans or other appropriate buy-back arrangements, including open market purchases and private transactions, based on the prices and timing considered appropriate due to prevailing market conditions and other corporate and legal considerations ("2024 Repurchase Program"). This 2024 Repurchase Program replaced in its entirety the Company's previous 2022 share repurchase program under which 4,300,059 shares remained available for repurchase and which has now been terminated. The 2024 Repurchase Program terminates on the earlier of the repurchase of the Maximum Amount, or five years from the date of authorization. During the first quarter of 2025, we repurchased 782,063 shares at an average price of $19.55, totaling $15.3 million, while during the second quarter of 2025 1,281,501 shares were repurchased at an average price of $17.30, totaling $22.2 million, and during the third quarter of 2025 296,506 shares were repurchased at an average price of $20.35, totaling $6.0 million. Total shares repurchased under the 2024 Repurchase Program was 2,360,070 shares, resulting in 7,639,930 remaining shares for repurchase. We engaged in no stock repurchases during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 other than the shares repurchased pursuant to net settlement by employees in satisfaction of income tax withholding obligations incurred through the vesting of Company stock awards.

The Bank and the Company are required to meet risk-based capital standards under the revised capital framework referred to as Basel III set by their respective regulatory authorities. The risk-based capital standards require the achievement of a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% and a common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital ratio of 4.5%. In addition, the regulatory authorities require the highest rated institutions to maintain a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%. To be considered “well-capitalized” for bank regulatory purposes, the Bank and the Company are required to have a CET1 capital ratio equal to or greater than 6.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 8.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 10.0% and a Tier 1 leverage ratio equal to or greater than 5.0%. At September 30, 2025, the Bank and the Company exceeded the minimum risk-based capital ratios and leverage ratios required to be considered “well-capitalized” for regulatory purposes. For further information about capital requirements and our capital ratios, see “Item 1. Business – Capital Adequacy Requirements ” as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

70


The table below presents the Company’s and the Bank’s risk-based and leverage capital ratios for the periods presented.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Capital Ratios

Adequately Capitalized Ratios

Minimum Required Plus Capital Conservation Buffer

Well Capitalized Ratios

CVB Financial Corp. Consolidated

Citizens Business Bank

CVB Financial Corp. Consolidated

Citizens Business Bank

Tier 1 leverage capital ratio

4.00%

4.00%

5.00%

11.76%

11.62%

11.46%

11.30%

Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio

4.50%

7.00%

6.50%

16.33%

16.14%

16.24%

16.01%

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

6.00%

8.50%

8.00%

16.33%

16.14%

16.24%

16.01%

Total risk-based capital ratio

8.00%

10.50%

10.00%

17.13%

16.94%

17.06%

16.82%

71


ASSET/LIABILITY AND M ARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

Liquidity and Cash Flow

The objective of liquidity management is to ensure that funds are available in a timely manner to meet our financial obligations when they come due without incurring unnecessary cost or risk, or causing a disruption to our normal operating activities. This includes the ability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources, accommodating loan demand and growth, funding investments, repurchasing securities, paying creditors as necessary, and other operating or capital needs.

We regularly assess the amount and likelihood of projected funding requirements through a review of factors such as historical deposit volatility and funding patterns, present and forecasted market and economic conditions, individual customer funding needs, as well as current and planned business activities. Management has an Asset/Liability Committee that meets monthly. This committee analyzes the cash flows from loans, investments, deposits and borrowings, as well as the input assumptions and results from various models. In addition, the Company has a Balance Sheet Management Committee of the Board of Directors that meets at least quarterly to review the Company’s balance sheet and liquidity position. This committee provides oversight to the balance sheet and liquidity management process and recommends policy guidelines for the approval of our Board of Directors, and courses of action to address our actual and projected liquidity needs.

In general, our liquidity is managed daily by controlling the level of liquid assets as well as the use of funds provided by the cash flow from the investment portfolio, loan demand, deposit fluctuations, and borrowings. Our definition of liquid assets includes cash and cash equivalents in excess of minimum levels needed to fulfill normal business operations, short-term investment securities, and other anticipated near term cash flows from investments. In addition to on balance sheet liquidity, we have significant off-balance sheet sources of liquidity. To meet unexpected demands, lines of credit are maintained with correspondent banks, the Federal Home Loan Bank and the Federal Reserve, although availability under these lines of credit are subject to certain conditions. In addition to having more than $780 million of cash on the balance sheet at September 30, 2025, we had substantial sources of off-balance sheet liquidity. These sources of available liquidity include $3.89 billion of secured and unused capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank, $1.09 of secured unused borrowing capacity at the Fed’s discount window, more than $286 million of unpledged AFS securities that could be pledged at the discount window and $300 million of unsecured lines of credit. In addition to these borrowing sources, the Bank has capacity to utilize additional brokered deposits as of September 30, 2025. We can also obtain additional liquidity from deposit growth by utilizing state and national wholesale markets.

Our primary sources of funds for the Company are deposits, customer repurchase agreements and borrowings. Total deposits and customer repos of $12.58 billion at September 30, 2025 increased $365.2 million, or 2.99%, over total deposits and customer repos of $12.21 billion at December 31, 2024. As of September 30, 2025, total borrowings, consisted of $500 million of FHLB advances, at an average cost of approximately 4.55%. Our deposit levels and cost of deposits may fluctuate from period-to-period due to a variety of factors, including the stability of our deposit base, prevailing interest rates, and market conditions. At September 30, 2025, our deposits and customer repurchase agreements that are neither collateralized nor insured were approximately $5.3 billion, or 42% of our total deposits and customer repos.

Additional sources of liquidity include cash on deposit at the Federal Reserve, which exceeded $630 million at September 30, 2025, and principal and interest payments from our investment portfolio. Our total investment portfolio declined by $44.5 million from December 31, 2024 to $4.88 billion as of September 30, 2025. The decrease was primarily $81.8 million decline in held-to-maturity securities offset by $37 million increase in AFS securities. AFS securities increased to $2.58 billion at September 30, 2025 with new purchases of approximately $243 million exceeding sales of $74 million carrying value of AFS securities during the year. This is inclusive of a pre-tax net unrealized loss of $333.8 million. Pre-tax unrealized loss decline by $113.9 million from December 31, 2024. Market risk is partly managed by $700 million notional pay fixed swaps hedging the fair value of the AFS portfolio. The increase in fair value of our AFS securities was partially offset by a $18.1 million decrease in the fair value of our derivatives that hedge the change in value of our AFS portfolio.

CVB is a holding company separate and apart from the Bank that must provide for its own liquidity and must service its own obligations. Substantially all of CVB’s revenues are obtained from dividends declared and paid by the Bank to CVB. There are statutory and regulatory provisions that could limit the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to CVB. In addition, our regulators could limit the ability of the Bank or CVB to pay dividends or make other distributions.

72


Below is a summary of our average cash position and statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. For further details see our “ Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Nine Months Ended
September 30,

2025

2024

(Dollars in thousands)

Average cash and cash equivalents

$

531,049

$

948,667

Percentage of total average assets

3.47

%

5.81

%

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

176,528

$

175,014

Net cash provided by investing activities

167,962

891,830

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

234,732

(894,669

)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

$

579,222

$

172,175

Average cash and cash equivalents decreased by $417.6 million, or 44.02%, to $531.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $948.7 million for the same period of 2024.

At September 30, 2025, cash and cash equivalents totaled $783.9 million. This represented an increase of $579.2 million, or 282.96%, from $204.7 million at December 31, 2024. Our cash on deposit at the Federal Reserve increased by $581.2 million when compared to December 31, 2024.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Management

During periods of changing interest rates, the ability to re-price interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities can influence net interest income, the net interest margin, and consequently, our earnings. Interest rate risk is managed by attempting to control the spread between rates earned on interest-earning assets and the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities within the constraints imposed by market competition in our service area. The primary goal of interest rate risk management is to control exposure to interest rate risk, within policy limits approved by the Board of Directors. These limits and guidelines reflect our risk appetite for interest rate risk over both short-term and long-term horizons. We measure these risks and their impact by identifying and quantifying exposures through the use of sophisticated simulation and valuation models, which, as described in additional detail below, are employed by management to understand net interest income (NII) at risk and economic value of equity (EVE) at risk. Net interest income at risk sensitivity captures asset and liability repricing mismatches and is considered a shorter term measure, while EVE sensitivity captures mismatches within the period end balance sheets through the financial instruments’ respective maturities or estimated durations and is considered a longer term measure.

One of the primary methods that we use to quantify and manage interest rate risk is simulation analysis, which we use to model NII from the Company’s balance sheet under various interest rate scenarios. We use simulation analysis to project rate sensitive income under many scenarios. The analyses may include rapid and gradual ramping of interest rates, rate shocks, basis risk analysis, and yield curve scenarios. Specific balance sheet management strategies are also analyzed to determine their impact on NII and EVE. Key assumptions in the simulation analysis relate to the behavior of interest rates and pricing spreads, the changes in product balances, and the behavior of loan and deposit clients in different rate environments. This analysis incorporates several assumptions, the most material of which relate to the re-pricing characteristics and balance fluctuations of deposits with indeterminate or non-contractual maturities, and prepayment of loans and securities.

Our interest rate risk policy measures the sensitivity of our net interest income over both a one-year and two-year cumulative time horizon.

The simulation model estimates the impact of changing interest rates on interest income from all interest-earning assets and interest expense paid on all interest-bearing liabilities reflected on our balance sheet. This sensitivity analysis is compared to policy limits, which specify a maximum tolerance level for net interest income exposure over a one and two year horizon assuming no balance sheet growth, given a 200 basis point upward and a 200 basis point downward shift in interest rates depending on the level of current market rates. The simulation model uses a parallel yield curve shift that adjusts rates up or down on a pro rata basis ramped over 12-months and measures the resulting net interest income sensitivity over both the 12-month and 24-month time horizons.

73


The following depicts the Company’s net interest income sensitivity analysis for the periods presented below, when rates are adjusted by ramping up 200 bps or ramping down 200 bps over a 12-month and 24-month time horizons.

Estimated Net Interest Income Sensitivity (1)

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Interest Rate Scenario

12-month Period

24-month Period (Cumulative)

Interest Rate Scenario

12-month Period

24-month Period (Cumulative)

+ 200 basis points

4.45%

6.66%

+ 200 basis points

4.66%

6.26%

- 200 basis points

-3.88%

-7.48%

- 200 basis points

-3.63%

-6.36%

(1)
Percentage change from base scenario.

Based on our current simulation models, we believe that the interest rate risk profile of the balance sheet is modestly asset sensitive over both a one-year and a two-year horizon. The estimated sensitivity does not necessarily represent a forecast and the results may not be indicative of actual changes to our net interest income. These estimates are based upon a number of assumptions including: the nature and timing of interest rate levels including yield curve shape, re-pricing characteristics and balance fluctuations of deposits with indeterminate or non-contractual maturities, prepayments on loans and securities, pricing strategies on loans and deposits, and replacement of asset and liability cash flows. While the assumptions used are based on current economic and local market conditions, there is no assurance as to the predictive nature of these conditions including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.

We also perform valuation analysis, which incorporates all cash flows over the estimated remaining life of all material balance sheet and derivative positions. The valuation of the balance sheet, at a point in time, is defined as the discounted present value of all asset cash flows and derivative cash flows minus the discounted present value of all liability cash flows, the net of which is referred to as EVE. The sensitivity of EVE to changes in the level of interest rates is a measure of the longer-term re-pricing risk and options risk embedded in the balance sheet. EVE uses instantaneous changes in rates, as shown in the table below. Assumptions about the timing and variability of balance sheet cash flows are critical in the EVE analysis. Particularly important are the assumptions driving prepayments and the expected duration and pricing of the indeterminate deposit portfolios. EVE sensitivity is reported in both upward and downward rate shocks. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the EVE profile indicates a decline in net balance sheet value due to instantaneous downward changes in rates. From December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025, our EVE sensitivity to declining interest rates was modestly lower. Our overall sensitivity of EVE to changes in interest rates is generally modest, with the exception of more meaningful reductions in value if rates were to immediately decline by 300 or 400 basis points.

Economic Value of Equity Sensitivity

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

400 bp decrease in interest rates

15.6%

15.7%

300 bp decrease in interest rates

15.6%

17.1%

200 bp decrease in interest rates

16.8%

17.9%

100 bp decrease in interest rates

17.7%

18.4%

Base

18.3%

19.0%

100 bp increase in interest rates

18.6%

19.2%

200 bp increase in interest rates

18.7%

19.6%

300 bp increase in interest rates

18.4%

19.8%

400 bp increase in interest rates

18.1%

20.0%

As EVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in EVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon (i.e., the current year). Further, EVE does not take into account factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in asset and liability mix, changes in yield curve relationships, and changing product spreads that could mitigate the adverse impact of changes in interest rates.

74


ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATI VE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in the market prices and interest rates. Our market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in our lending and deposit taking activities, as well as our portfolio of investment securities and fair value hedges. We do not currently have futures, forwards, or option contracts. As a result of the phase out of LIBOR, our interest rate swap derivatives and the associated loans that were indexed to LIBOR, have been replaced with one month CME Term SOFR. For further quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risks in our portfolio, see Asset/Liability Management and Interest Rate Sensitivity Management ” included in Item 2 “ Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ” presented elsewhere in this report. This analysis should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Our analysis of market risk and market-sensitive financial information contains forward-looking statements and is subject to the disclosure at the beginning of Part I regarding such forward-looking information.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS A ND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer and other senior management of the Company. Based on the foregoing, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, there have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.

75


PART II – OTH ER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various lawsuits and threatened lawsuits in the course of business. From time to time, such lawsuits and threatened lawsuits may include, but are not limited to, actions involving securities litigation, wage-hour and employment law claims, consumer claims, regulatory compliance claims, data privacy and cyber security claims, lender liability claims, fraud loss claims, bankruptcy-related claims and negligence claims, some of which may be styled as “class action” or representative cases. Some of these lawsuits may be similar in nature to other lawsuits pending against the Company’s competitors.

For lawsuits where the Company has determined that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable, a liability representing the best estimate of the Company’s financial exposure based on known facts has been recorded in accordance with FASB guidance over loss contingencies (ASC 450). However, as a result of inherent uncertainties in judicial interpretation and application of a myriad of laws and regulations applicable to the Company’s business, and the unique, complex factual issues presented in any given lawsuit, the Company often cannot determine the probability of loss or estimate the amount of damages which a plaintiff might successfully prove if the Company were found to be liable. For lawsuits or threatened lawsuits where a claim has been asserted or the Company has determined that it is probable that a claim will be asserted, and there is a reasonable possibility that the outcome will be unfavorable, the Company will disclose the existence of the loss contingency, even if the Company is not able to make an estimate of the possible loss or range of possible loss with respect to the action or potential action in question, unless the Company believes that the nature, potential magnitude or potential timing (if known) of the loss contingency is not reasonably likely to be material to the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Our accruals and disclosures for loss contingencies are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as additional information becomes available. We disclose a loss contingency and/or the amount accrued if we believe it is reasonably likely to be material or if we believe such disclosure is necessary for our financial statements to not be misleading. If we determine that an exposure to loss exists in excess of an amount previously accrued or disclosed, we assess whether there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional loss, may have been incurred, and we adjust our accruals and disclosures accordingly.

We do not presently believe that the ultimate resolution of any lawsuits currently pending against the Company will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. The outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters is inherently uncertain, however, and it is possible that one or more of the legal or regulatory matters currently pending or threatened against the Company could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors as previously disclosed in Item 1A. to Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The materiality of any risks and uncertainties identified in our Forward Looking Statements contained in this report together with those previously disclosed in the Form 10-K or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows. See Item 2. “ Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SA LES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

On November 20, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a program to repurchase up to 10,000,000 shares (the "Maximum Amount") of CVB common stock including by means of one or more Rule 10b5-1 plans or other appropriate buy-back arrangements, including open market purchases and private transactions, at times and at prices considered appropriate by us, depending upon prevailing market conditions and other corporate and legal considerations ("2024 Repurchase Program"). This 2024 Repurchase Program replaced in its entirety the Company's previous 2022 share repurchase program under which 4,300,059 shares remained available for repurchase has now been terminated. The 2024 Repurchase Program terminates on the earlier of the repurchase of the Maximum Amount or five years from the date of authorization. In the third quarter of 2025, we repurchased 296,506 shares of common stock under this program, at an average price of $20.35, totaling $6.0 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 total shares repurchased was 2,360,070 shares at an average price of $18.43, totaling $43.5 million. As of September 30, 2025, an aggregate of 7,639,930 shares remained available for repurchase under our 2024 Repurchase Program. Additionally, there were 2,160 shares repurchased during the third quarter of 2025, pursuant to net

76


settlement by employees in satisfaction of income tax withholding obligations incurred through the vesting of Company stock awards.

Period

Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)

Average Price
Paid Per Share

Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs

Average Price
Paid Per Share

Maximum Number of Shares Available for Repurchase Under the Plans or Programs

July 1 - 31, 2025

866

$

20.59

$

-

7,936,436

August 1 - 31, 2025

1,211

$

19.04

$

-

7,936,436

September 1 - 30, 2025

83

$

19.67

296,506

$

20.35

7,639,930

Total

2,160

$

18.43

296,506

$

20.35

7,639,930

(1)
Shares repurchased pursuant to net settlement by employees in satisfaction of income tax withholding obligations incurred through the vesting of Company stock awards.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS U PON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not Applicable

ITEM 4. MINE SAFE TY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

ITEM 5. OTHER IN FORMATION

None

77


ITEM 6. EXH IBITS

Exhibit No.

Description of Exhibits

3.1

Articles of Incorporation of CVB Financial Corp., as amended (1)

3.2

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of CVB Financial Corp. (2)

4.1

Form of CVB Financial Corp. common stock certificate (3)

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

104

The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, has been formatted in Inline XBRL.

*

Filed herewith

**

Furnished herewith

(1) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 9, 2010.

(2) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 21, 2023.

(3) Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-A12G filed with the SEC on June 11, 2001.

78


SIGNA TURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

CVB FINANCIAL CORP.

(Registrant)

Date: November 7, 2025

/s/ E. Allen Nicholson

E. Allen Nicholson

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

79


TABLE OF CONTENTS